黄冈中学定语从句专题测试

2012-2013年黄冈中学同步教学测试试卷定语从句测试试卷（讲评卷）考试范围：定语从句；考试时间：100分钟；姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单项选择1.Thehotel___youarethinking,Kate,istoodirty,I’mafraid.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.ofwhich【答案】D2.Heisastrictbutkindteacher,_____isalwaystryingtomakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.A.oneB.heC.onewhoD.hewho【答案】C3.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept______whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers

【答案】A【解析】theones=thepupils，做定语从句的先行词。4.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich【答案】D【解析】forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.5.Marywasapainterofbirdsandofnature,____,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.()A.which B.whom C.who D.where【答案】C6.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversityA.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat【答案】A7.Sheheardagreatnoise,________grewtoaroar.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．where【答案】B8.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatthehighestspeed______Ihaveneverseen.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】D9.Thereisanunpleasantsubject____wemightargueforalongtime.A.inwhichB.withthemC.aboutwhichD.withit【答案】C10.Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork? A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained【答案】A二、单词拼写11.Sheisatotellothersthatshedidn’tpasstheexam.【答案】ashamed三、完形填空12.Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Before1thisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesome2concepts.Conflict,3asoppositionamongsocialunits-orindividuals-directedagainstoneanother,is4fromcompetition,which5oppositionamongsocialunits6seekingtoobtainsomethingwhichis7inadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotknowaboutoneanother,whilethosewho8inaconflictdo.Conflictandcompetitionareboth9ofopposition.Themeaningofoppositionhasbeenstatedasaprocessbywhichsocialunitfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother,oppositionis10contrastedtocooperation,a11bywhichsocialunitsfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.These12arenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimited13,butconflictisn’t.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccurandisprobablyanessentialanddesirable14Manyauthorshave15theirargumentsthatwarcannotbeavoidedontheideathatinthestruggleforexistenceamonggroupsofanimals,onlythosewhicharebest16remainalive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Thosewhofailinthiscompetition17starvetodeathorare18byothertypesofanimals.Thisstrugglefor19isnotsimilartohumanwar,butislikethecompetitionof20forjobs,markets,andmaterials.Themostimportantqualityofthisstruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatarenotenoughtosatisfyall.1.A.considering B.solving C.answering D.saying 2.A.related B.used C.translated D.sacred 3.A.specified B.remarked C.defined D.claimed 4.A.variable B.distinguished C.various D.isolated 5.A.acknowledged B.denies C.assumes D.means 6.A.critically B.approximately C.independently D.costly 7.A.on B.for C.with D.in 8.A.enter B.participate C.fall D.involve 9.A.formations B.classes C.terms D.reactions 10.A.nevertheless B.however C.thus D.maybe 11.A.procession B.standard C.process D.measurement 12.A.accounts B.definitions C.descriptions D.explanations 13.A.resources B.origins C.sources D.materials 14.A.matter B.element C.event D.coincidence 15.A.concentrated B.fixed C.centered D.based 16.A.encouraged B.accepted C.adapted D.adopted 17.A.notonly B.either C.neither D.both 18.A.killed B.raised C.fired D.surrounded 19.A.resistence B.privilege C.favour D.employment 20.A.workers B.officials C.individuals D.residents 【答案】AACBDCDBBCCBABDCBAAC【解析】1.A考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.A“相关的概念”，应用related。3.Cdefine,“解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as;specify,“指定”，“指明”。Theregulationsspecifythatyoumayuseadictionaryintheexamination。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。Doesanyoneclaimthisumbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？冲突，指的是社会单位，团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.Bdistinguishfrom区别，不同；variable与various(多样的)后面一般不接from;isolated“与……隔离开来”。5.D对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.Ccritically批判地；approximately大致地；independently独立地；不受控制地；costly形容词，昂贵的。根据文中含义，“竞争对手各自寻求物质，所以才会有冲突”。所以此外选C为宜。7.Dinshort(inadequate)supply“缺乏的”为固定搭配，一般不用其它介词。8.Benterin登记姓名，细节等。例：enterinaniteminanaccountbook将一笔账记入账本；fallin陷入，例fallinlovewithsb.involvein“卷入”，一般为卷入某个事件；participatein参与。竞争者们可能彼此不了解，而冲突者们则熟识对方。9.Bformation,构成;terms,术语;reactions,反映;classes在此处指“种类，类别”。冲突和竞争都属于对抗。10.C选这类连接副词时，关键是弄清句与句之间意义关系。上句讲到对抗就是彼此不服务。这句讲到合作就是彼此服务。他们之间连接词自然就是“因此”了，因此他们相反。对抗与合作相反。合作指的是社会单位互相服务。11.Cprocession队伍，行列；standard标准；process过程；measurement衡量。上句中谈到对抗是彼此不服务时，用的是“aprocessbywhichsocial...”,此处与上句这部分结构完全相同，就可套用process一词。12.Baccounts叙述；definitions，定义，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解释。文章第二句话是第一自然段主题句：介绍几个概念，然后作者分别介绍。本题中用thesedefinitions“这些概念”则与上文浑然一体。对这些定义的理解非常必要，因为有必要强调，个人或团体之间的竞争在这个资源有限的世界是难免的，而冲突则是可免的。13.Aresource资源，指国家、人类或个人所拥有的人力及物力，例：Wemustexploitthenaturalresourcesofourcountry.我们必须开发本国的天然资源。source指河的源头：thesourceofNile尼罗河的发源地。source还指出处，来源，例：Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.这项消息出自可靠的来源。origin起源，theoriginofaquarrel争吵的起因。此空前为aworldoflimited一个有限资源的世界，因此选A。14.B冲突很可能发生，它可能是人类社会必不可少、值得得到的要素。15.Dbase...on...把……建立在……上。16.C只有那些适应（能力）强的才活下来。17.B看到or就会想到either;notonly...butalso;neither...nor...,both...and都是固定搭配。在竞争中失败的动物，要不就是饿死，要不就被别的动物杀死。18.A由前句starvetodeath和or可知，此处应同death意义相近。19.A为生存的抗争不同于人类战争。20.C由后面的jobs,marketsandmaterials可知，此处应填“个人”。workers,officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。四、阅读理解13.AmericanscientistMorseSolomonhasdevelopedanunusualmethodtomakemeatsofter.First,putakilogramormoreoffirmmeatinacontainerfilledwithwater.Addasmallamountofexplosives.Then,mixcarefullyandexplode.No,MisterMorseisnotattemptingtodestroythemeat.Instead,heismakingitsofterandalsokillingharmfulbacteria.MisterSolomonisameatscientistwiththeUnitedStatesAgriculturalResearchService.Hebegantoexploretheuseofshockwavestosoftenmeattenyearsago.HismethodiscalledtheHydrodynamicPressureProcess.Thetheoryissimple.Shockwavesfromanexplosiontravelthroughwatertothemeat.Theshockwavestearsmallpiecesofmuscleandotherparticlesawayfromthemeat.Thismakesthemeatsofterandeasiertoeat.Theshockwavesalsoreducetheamountofbacteriainthemeat.TheDepartmentofAgriculturesaystheprocesscouldincreasefoodsafetyforcompaniesthatsellmeat.UncookedmeatmaycontainorganismssuchastheEscherichiacolibacteria,alsoknownasE.coli.E.colicanmakepeoplesickiftheyeatmeatthatisnotwellcooked.TheHydrodynamicPressureProcessmayhelpreduceconcernsaboutharmfulbacteriainmeat.OtherAmericanscientistsattemptedtoimprovetheprocess.Theyusedathick-walledmetalcontainerthatwasburiedintheground.Thisdevicedidnotimprovethequalityofthemeatasmuchasthesimplermethod.However,thescientistsfoundthereseemedtobefewerbacteriainthemeatthanbeforetheprocess.ScientistshaddemonstratedthattheHydrodynamicPressureProcesscouldimprovelargepiecesofmeat.Next,theywantedtoseeiftheprocessreducedbacterialevelsinsmallerpiecesofgroundbeefthatisusedtomakehamburgers.Theirtestsshowedareductionofbacteriaingroundbeefproducts.OtherstudiesshowedthatgroundbeefcontainingE.colihadnomeasurablelevelsofthebacteriaafterthetreatment.TheHydrodynamicPressureProcessdoesnotkillallbacteriainthemeat,however.MisterSolomonsayssomegoodbacteriaremain.Theagriculturalscientistssaymorestudiesareneededtoseeifthemethodcouldbeusedinthemeatprocessingindustry.1.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheLifeofanAmericanScientistMorseSolomon.B.TheAmericanAgriculturalResearchService.C.AnIntroductiontotheAmericanMeatProcessingIndustry.D.AnIntroductiontotheHydrodynamicPressureProcess.2.Whatmakesmeatsofterandeasiertoeat?A.Someexplosives. B.Shockwaves.C.Certainorganisms. D.Otherparticles.3.IthadbeenprovedthattheHydrodynamicPressureProcess_____.A.couldimprovesmallerpiecesofgroundbeefbutnotlargepiecesofmeatB.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatbutnotsmallerpiecesofgroundbeefC.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatandreducethebacteriaingroundbeefaswellD.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatbutcouldnotreducethebacteriaingroundbeef4.WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHydrodynamicPressureProcess_____.A.provedtobeagreatsuccessB.turnedouttobeafailureC.remainstobefurtherstudiedD.needstobefurthertested【答案】DBCC14.BeagyZielinskiisaGerman-born28-year-oldstylistwhomovedtoNewYorktostudyfashionin1995andstayed．JustbeforeChristmas,shebrokeupwithherblue-collarboyfriend,whorepairedNavyships．“HewasextremelyinsecureaboutmycareerandhowsuccessfulIam,"Zielinskisaid．Sheandcountlesswomenlikeherarevictimsofarolereversal（逆转）thatisprofoundlyaffectingthepoolofpotentialmarriagepartners．Mennowareincreasinglylikelytomarrywiveswithmoreeducationandincomethantheyhave,andthereverseistrueforwomen．"Inrecentdecades,withtheriseofwell-paidworkingwives,theeconomicgainsofmarriagehavebeenagreaterbenefitformen．TheanalysisexaminesAmericans30t044yearsold,thefirstgenerationinwhichmorewomenthanmenhavecollegedegrees．Women'searningshavebeenincreasingfasterthanthatofmen'ssincethe1970s．“We'veknownforsometimethatmenneedmarriagemorethanwomenfromthestandpointofphysicalandmentalwell-being,"saidStephanieCoontz,aprofessoratEvergreenStateCollegeinOlympia,Wash．,“Nowitisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttotheireconomicwell-beingaswell．”Theeducationandincomegaphasgrownevenmoreinthelatestrecession（经济衰退），whenmenheldaboutthreeinfourof/thejobsthatwerelost．"I'mnotmarried,1wouldliketobemarried,andmyfriendsareallinasimilarsituation,"saidDrRajallaPrewitt,a38-year-oldpsychiatristinNewJersey．"We'rehavingdifficultyfindingsomeonewherethereameetingoftheminds,wherewecanhavethesamegoalsandvalues．""Particularly,African-Americanmenwhoareeducatedwantatraditionalhomewheretheyare,thebreadwinner,"saidPrewitt,whoisablackwoman．educatedwantatraditionalhomewheretheyareIn2007,thePewreportfound,medianhouseholdincomesofmarredmen,marriedwomenandunmarriedwomenwereallabout60percenthigherthaninl\970．Butamongunmarriedmen,medianhouseholdincomerosebyonly16percent．Thesedays,menwhomarrytypicallygainanotherbreadwinner． College-educatedwivesarelesslikelytohaveahusbandwhoiscollege-educatedandinthehighestincomebracketthantheywerein1970,andmarriedwomenarelesslikelytohaveahusbandwhoworks．Amongallmarriedcouples,wivescontributeagrowingshareofthehouseholdincome,andarisingshareofthosecouplesincludeawifewhoearnsmorethanherhusband．Whilemarriagerateshavedeclinedoverall,womenwithcollegedegreesarestillmorelikelytomarrytodaythanlesseducatedwomen．1．BeagyZielinskibrokeupwithherboyfriendbecause． A．shewasmoresuccessfulthanhiminhercareer B．shecouldn'tbearwithhislazinessanymoreC．hewaslookeddownuponbyheraswellasothersD．hersuccessbroughthimcertainmentaldisturbances2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofAmericanmarriage?A．Womentendtomarrymenwithlesseducationandincome．B．Mentendtohavemoreeconomicgainsoftheirmarriages．C．Women'sincomehasbeenrisingfasterthanmenforabout40years．D．Menusedtogaingreaterbenefitsintermsofmentalhealththantoday．3．Dr．Prewitt’sattitudetowardshermarriageis．A．pessimistic B．optimisticC．passionate D．unconcerned4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____． A．college-educatedmenpreferredtomarrylesseducatedwomenB．college-educatedwomenusedtomarryonlycollege-educatedmenC．college-educatedwomenweremorelikelytomarrythanthelesseducatedD．college-educatedmenweremorelikelytomarrycollege-educatedwomen5．Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．ToexplainwhyAmericaneducatedwomenarelesslikelytomarry．B．TopointouttheAmericanwomen'stendencytomarrylesseducatedmen．C．ToargueaboutthedifferencesofAmericanmarriageofthepastandtoday．D．TothrowlightonwhyAmericancollege-educatedwomenchooselesseducatedmen．【答案】DDACB15.Fromayoungage,itwasmydreamtogotoAfricaandworkwithanimals.Everybodylaughedatme,butmymother,Vanne,toldmenevertogiveup,andthatIcouldalwaysfindaway.So,whenIwas23,aftersavingupmyearningsfromworkingasawaitress,Iwenttowild,untamed(野性的)Africaandbeganmywork.In1960IwenttotheGombeStreamChimpanzeeReserve.Atthattime,weknewnothingofthebehaviororsocialstructureofchimps(黑猩猩),andIwastogothereandseewhatIcouldfindout.Usually,whenyouwakeup,youleaveyourdreamsbehindyou,butIfoundmyselfwakinguptomydream.AstheBritishgovernmentwouldn’tletmegowithoutolderwomen’scompany,myamazingmothercamewithmeandstayedforfourmonths.Wesharedasecond-handarmytent,andweusedthestreamforfreshwaterandwashing.Wecouldswiminthelake,althoughtherewerecrocodiles.Itwasbeautifulthere,althoughbothmymotherandInearlydiedofmalaria(疟疾).IwasscaredIwouldn’tbeabletodowhatIhadsetoutto,because,atfirst,thechimpsranawayfrommeinfear.Ispentmydayswatching,listening,trackingandintheeveningswritingupmynotes.Formymother,whostayedbackatthecamp,itmusthavebeenterrifying,andverylonely.Thereweresnakesandspiders,aswellasanoldleopardwhowouldcomeby.Butshehadanamazingwaywithpeople,andwouldhandoutmedicinestothefishermen,whosawherasawitchdoctor.Inmyfifthmonththere,Ifinallysawoneofthe