定语从句三部曲

定语从句三部曲1.找出先行词；2.确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语，状语；3.选择正确的关系词。几个关系代词的基本用法thatthat:可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于whichAletter________iswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.Doyouknowthegentleman_________spokejustnow?Whatisthequestion________theyaretalkingabout?Hereistheman______________youwanttosee.只能用that不能用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词时：all,much,everything,anything,nothing,something,none,theone.2.先行词被only,any,few,little,no,just,very,oneof等修饰时；3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时；4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时；5.先行词既有人又有物时；6.先行词是数词时；(two,ten,ahundred)7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；9.主句是Therebe结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that作关系代词；10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n./adj.;主语+系动词+adj.)即学即用1.Thewriterandhisnovel____youhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.2.Themostimportantthing____shouldbedonerightnowishowtostophimfromgoingon.3.Thelastplace____wevisitedwasthechemicalworks.4.There'snothing____canbesaidaboutit.5.Thisisthethirdfilm____hasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.6.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwo____arestillalive.7.Whoistheman____isstandingatthegate?温馨提示：逗号和介词后面不能用thatwhichwhich:指物；可作主语，宾语，1.Thebook_____wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thebook_____Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.只能用which不能用that的情况：1.介词后面只能用which；IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?2.非限定性定语从句中。MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtolearnEnglish,whichisbecomingverypopularinourcountry.3.当关系代词后面带有插入语时；Here'stheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.4.先行词是those+复数名词.

Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoodswhichsellbest.who,whom,whosewho:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人；

whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人；

whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。

（whose=ofwhich或ofwhom）Ilikethestudentswhoworkhard.

Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor.

Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.只能用who不能用that的情况1.先行词为anyone,anybody,those,all,one,ones,they,he,people时；Anyonewhofailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for–nothing.2.在非限定性定语从句中；Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3．在therebe开头的句子中。Hereisaboywhowantstoseeyou.WhenWhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time,day,week,year,month等）HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.

Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweatherwouldbebetter.when=介词+whichIstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich)Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.(when=atwhich)Wewillneverforgettheyear1949,whenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.(when=inwhich)比较Istillremembertheday_________________mybrotherjoinedthearmy.Istillrememberthedays_____________wespenttogether.先行词是时间名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用when。WhereWhere指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词。（如：place,school,factory,room等）ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.

Iliveintheroomwhere/inwhichheusedtolive.where=介词+whichIrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.(where=inwhich)Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywherethereisplentyofsunshine.(where=inwhich)比较Thesmallmountainvillage________wespentourholidaylastmonthisnowveryfamous.Thisisthepark_____________theyvisitedlastyear.※先行词是地点名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，关系词不能用where。WhyWhy指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason时，可用forwhich指代。Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)hedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.比较Idon’tbelievethereasonthat/whichhegaveme.※当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，不能用why引导。先行词在从句中做状语时，关系词才可以用when，where和why。补充无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中充当一定的成分，因此，先行词在定语从句中不能重复出现。【误】ThisisthebookthatIborrowedityesterday.【误】TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotheretopracticetheirspokenEnglish.关系词的省略在下列情况下，关系词在非正式文体中可以省略:1.关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中做宾语时，常可省略。Arethesekeys(thatwhich)youwerelookingfor？Theman(who/that)Iwassittingnexttoontheplanetalkedallthetime.2．以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)shewalks.Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.定语从句重点总结只能用that的情况（10种情况）；不能用that的情况（2种情况）只能用which不能用that的情况（4种情况）；只能用who不能用that的情况（4种情况）；做状语的三个关系副词；当先行词为way时；as的用法；成分不能重复。1.We’llneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherlastyear.A.whenB.thatC.howD.onwhich2.Thehighyellowbuildingoverthere,_____wassetuplastyear,isourofficebuilding.A.itB.thatC.whereD.which3.ItisthebestTVplay_____I’veseen.A.thatB.whichC.sinceD.and4.Ioftenhearfrommysister,_____worksasanengineer.A.thatB.whoC.heD.whom5.LastmonthIvisitedthehouse_____Iusedtoliveinmytwenties.A.whichB.whoC.inthatD.where6.Theoldwomanhastwosons,_____areteachers.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.allofthemD.neitherofthem7.Isthatthereason_____youdon’tagreewiththem?A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that8.Air,_____webreatheeveryday,isnecessarytolife.A./B.whichC.whatD.that9.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysofhisclasswho_____thepianowell.A.playsB.playC.playingD.areplaying10.Isthisthefactory_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.inwhichB.whichC.whereD.theone1.Afootballfan（球迷）is_____hasastronginterestinfootball.A.athingthatB.somethingthatC.apersonwhoD.what2.Thehouse，_____wasdestroyedintheterriblefire，hasbeenrepaired.A.theroofofwhichB.whichroofC.itsroofD.theroof3.Canyoulendmethenovel_____theotherday？A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout4.Thematter_____youwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich5.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom6.Who_____hascommonsense（常识）willdosuchathing？A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that7.Alltheapples_____felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.what8.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_____hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where9.I’lltellyou_____hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all10.Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.who’sC.whoseD.which11.Isthisthemuseum_____youvisitedtheotherday？A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone12.Isthismuseum_____someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday？A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone13.-Howdoyoulikethebook？-It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat15.Thetrain_____shewastravelingwaslate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat18.It’sthethirdtime_____latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived19.Heoftenhelpsthestudents_____hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because2