2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Friendsforever第3课时Developingideas学案含解析外研版必修第一册

PAGEUnit4Friendsforever第三课时DevelopingideasⅠ.词汇初探1．ordinary(adj.)一般的，平常的2．scar(n.)伤疤3．fortune(n.)大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate(adj.)幸运的→fortunately(adv.)幸运地4．drag(v.)拖，拉5．destiny(n.)命运；天命6．correspond(v.)通信7．partner(n.)伙伴，搭档8．appointed(adj.)约定的，指定的9．strike(v.)划(火柴)10．plain(adj.)简洁的，朴实的11．scene(n.)场景12．ashamed(adj.)感到不好意思的，难为情的13．location(n.)地点，位置14．surroundings(n.)四周的事物，环境→surrounding(adj.)四周的15．personality(n.)特性，性格16．atmosphere(n.)气氛，氛围，环境Ⅱ.短语互译1．bebestknownfor因……而最著名2．findout找出，发觉3．besetin以……为背景4．makeone'sfortune发财；碰运气5．ought_to应当；应当6．hear_from收到……7．turn_up出现；到场8．go_up_to走上前去Ⅲ.语篇理解StepⅠ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．Whydidn'tJimmywanttoleaveNewYork?A．Hisfamilywaswealthy.B．HethoughtNewYorkwastheonlyplaceonearth.C．Hedislikedtravelling.D．Hisfamilydidn'tagree.答案：B2．Whydidthemancometothesameplaceaftertwentyyears?A．Becausehewantedtoperformapromise.B．Becauseheplanedtostealsomething.C．Becausehewantedtoshowhisbigfortune.D．BecauseJimmyinvitedhimtocomehere.答案：A3．WhywasthepartofNewYorkquietatthattime?A．Becauseitwasveryhot.B．Becausemostpeoplehadleftworktogohome.C．Becausethepolicedidn'tletpeoplegooutatnight.D．Becausepeoplewerebusyworking.答案：B4．Whathappenedbetweenthetwofriends?A．Jimmydidn'twanttomeettheman.B．Theylosttrackofeachother.C．Themanwaitedherewithoutconfidence.D．Jimmydiedbeforeayearortwo.答案：B5．What'stheendofthestory?A．Jimmyarrestedthemaninflesh.B．Jimmyaskedapolicemantoarresttheman.C．Themanescapedsuccessfully.D．ThemanmetJimmyinafriendlyatmosphere.答案：BStepⅡ.Decidewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrueorfalse.1．TheshortstoryissetinLondon.(F)2．ThemanandJimmygotonwellwitheachother.(T)3．ThemanandJimmyhadbeenkeepingintouch.(F)4．Thetwofriendswerealwaystrustingeachother.(F)5．Themanwasarrestedatlast.(T)StepⅢ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.WilliamSydneyPorter,1.whosepennamewasO.Henry,wasaworld­famouswriter.Hisstoriesarebestknownfortheirsurprise2.endings(end).“AftertwentyYears”isoneofhis3.works(work).Theshortstoryisset4.inNewYork.ThemanandJimmy5.were_raised(raise)inNewYork.Afterthedinner,theman6.whobelievedtheyoughttohavetheirdestiny7.worked(work)out,wenttothewesttomake8.hisfortune,butJimmydidn'tagree.Aftertwentyyears,themancameheretomeetJimmy.Hethoughtit's9.worth(worthy)itifhisoldpartnerturned10.up.1eq\a\vs4\al(ordinaryadj.一般的；平常的)Whatisordinaryinonecountrymaybestrangeinanother.在一个国家很平常的事，在另一个国家可能很新颖 。[易混辨析]ordinary指与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇妙之处，反义词为specialcommon指为很多人或事物所共同具备因而常见usual指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西或常发生的事情，反义词为unusualnormal指“正常的、常规的、常态的(温度、压力等)”[即时巩固]选词填空(ordinary/common/usual/normal)①Thoughsheisill,shekeepsonworkingasusual.②We'reveryordinarypeoplereally—there'snothingspecialaobutus.③It'snormaltofeeltiredaftersuchalongtrip.④Manycommonbirdsarebecomingfewerandfewernow.⑤TheTVseriesRedSorghum(《红高粱》)，whichwasadaptedfromMoYan'sstory,isverypopularamongordinarypeopleinChina.⑥Thiskindofdiseaseisoneofthemostcommondiseasesamongwomeninthecountry.2eq\a\vs4\al(fortunen.机会；运气；大笔的钱；财宝；命运)Thecouplegaveawaymostoftheirfortunetothepoorintheirsmalltown.这对夫妇把他们的大部分财产都捐赠给了他们生活的那个小镇上的穷人。[归纳拓展](1)makeafortune发财；致富seek/tryone'sfortune碰运气havethegoodfortunetodosth.有幸做某事(fortune后只接不定式)(2)fortunateadj.幸运的befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.在……方面运气好Itisfortunatethat...幸运的是……(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地Hedecidedtogoabroadtoseek/tryhisfortune.他确定到国外去碰碰运气。[名师点拨]fortune作“机会；运气”讲是不行数名词；作“财产；命运”讲是可数名词。[即时巩固]完成句子①Hemade_a_fortuneinhisbusinesstradelastyear.他去年做生意发了大财。一句多译她很幸运有位好丈夫。②She_is_fortunate_to_have_a_good_husband.③She_is_fortunate_in_having_a_good_husband.④It_is_fortunate_that_she_has_a_good_husband.3eq\a\vs4\al(dragv.拖；拉；扯)①Thegirlinlowspiritsdraggedabigboxtothestation.那个心情低落的女孩拖着大箱子朝车站走去。②Themandraggedhistiredfeethome.这个男人拖着沉重的步伐回家。[归纳拓展]dragoneselfoutofbed硬撑着从床上爬起来dragodoingsth.硬拉某人做某事You'dbetternotdraghimintoclimbingthemountain.你最好别硬拉他去爬山。[易混辨析]drag费劲缓慢而艰难地拉、拖较重的物体pull朝确定方向拉，可指突然急速地拉。但不强调力的大小draw从容地拉、拖，也用于吸引留意力等[巧学助记]①Hewasdraggingaheavybox.他正吃力地拖着一个沉重的箱子。②Theinjuredtigerdraggeditselfforward.受伤的老虎缓慢前行。[即时巩固]完成句子①Theydragged_the_broken_boattotheshore.他们把那艘坏了的船拖向岸边。②Thebirdwalkedslowly,dragging_one_wing_along.那只鸟拖着一只翅膀缓慢移动。③Hejumpedintotheriveranddragged_her_to_safety.他跳进河里，把她拖到了平安的地方。4eq\a\vs4\al(scenen.)(1)[C](尤指不开心事务发生的)地点；现场Theareahasbeenthesceneoffiercefightingforthreeyears.这个地区是3个月来激烈战斗的现场。(2)[C]事务；场面；情景Thesceneinthehospitalwasverymoving.在医院的那一幕特别感人。(3)[C]景象；景色；风光Thesceneisaperfectdreamwhenyouseethesunrisingslowlyintheeast.观看太阳从东方渐渐升起，这种景色实在太美了。(4)[C]现场；片断；镜头ThemovieopenswithasceneinaNewYorkapartment.电影开头的一场戏发生在纽约的一个公寓里。(5)[C](戏剧或歌剧的)场Thisplayisdividedintothreeacts，andeachacthasthreescenes.这个剧分为三幕，每一幕有三个场景。[归纳拓展]onthescene在现场；当场appear/comeonthescene到场thesceneoftheaccident事故现场behindthescenes在幕后；暗中[易混辨析]scene指呈现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，指某处小范围的景色，大多包括景物中的人及活动，可译为“情景，景色，场面，(戏剧)一场”scenery是总称，指大范围的自然风光，是由多个scene构成的景色，常译为“景色，风景”view是指人以确定的角度(或从远处或从高处等)所看到的景色，还有“观点，看法”等意思sight指眼睛所看到的景象，可以指漂亮的风景，也可以指凄惨的景象，复数sights可以表示名胜古迹、人文景观等①TheWestLakeisremarkableforits西湖以其美景著名。②Thereisalovelyviewfromthiswindow.从这个窗子可以看到一片秀丽的景色。③TheGreatWallisoneofthemostbreathtakingsightsintheworld.长城是世界上最惊人的景象之一。[名师点拨]scene有“现场”之意，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，经常运用where或inwhich引导。[巧学助记]巧记不同的“scene”[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Theycametothescene,whereatrafficaccidenthappened.②Reportersweresoononthesceneaftertheaccident.完成句子③(全国卷Ⅲ改编)Itwasa_scenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75­yearhistory.这是这个剧院75年历史上多次重复的一幕。④Heisanimportantmanbehind_the_scenes.他是一个幕后的重要人物。1eq\a\vs4\al(beknownfor因……而出名；以……而著名)①Guilinisknownforherbeautifulmountainsandrivers.桂林因其漂亮的山水而著名。②MrGeldofisbest­knownfororganizingtwobigpopconcertsonthesameday.盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的音乐会而著名。[归纳拓展](1)“因……而出名”的短语还有：befamousfor,bedistinguishedfor,benotedfor(2)beknownas作为……而著名beknownto为……熟知beknownby被……熟知①LuXunisknownasawriter.鲁迅是一位著名作家。②Greatmenareusuallyknowntopeopleallovertheworld.伟人通常为世人所熟知。[即时巩固]用介词填空①MoYanwasknownasawriter.②NewYorkisknownforitshighbuildings.③TuYouyouisknowntoeveryChinesepeople.翻译句子④(北京高考改编)Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.她的努力使她成为一个名人。2eq\a\vs4\al(besetin以……为背景)Thebookissetin17thcenturySpain.这部书以17世纪的西班牙为背景。[归纳拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(setouttodosth.,setaboutdoingsth.))起先做某事setaside把……放在一边；留出；储蓄setoff动身；启程；衬托[即时巩固]单句语法填空①TheTVplayissetinasmallmountainvillage.②Shesetoutto_break(break)theworldlandspeedrecord.③Peoplesetaboutsetting(set)uptheirnewhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment.④HemanagestosetonehourasideeverySundaytoaccompanyhischildren.3be(well)worth...(很)值得……①Theexhibitionisworthavisit.这展览值得一看。②Thatnovelisnotworthreading.那部小说不值得一读。留意：beworth的后面应接名词或动名词，不能跟不定式。假如接动名词，这个动名词的动词必需是及物的，因为它与句子的主语存在逻辑上的被动关系，即用主动形式表示被动意义。Ithinkthisjobisreallyworthaccepting.我认为这个工作很值得接受。[归纳拓展](1)beworth＋n.＝beworthyof＋n.Thematterisworthconsideration.＝Thematterisworthyofconsideration.此事值得考虑。(2)beworthdoing＝beworthwhileeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doing,todo))＝beworthyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofbeingdone,tobedone))Thebookisworth/worthwhilereading.＝Thebookisworthyofbeingread/toberead.这本书值得一读。[即时巩固]完成句子①Thefootballmatchissointerestingandexcitingthatitis_well_worth_watching.足球赛很好玩且令人激烈，很值得看。单句语法填空②Itisworthconsideringwhatmakesconveniencefoodssopopular,andintroducing(introduce)betteronesofyourown.解析：句意：是什么使便利食物如此受欢迎值得考虑，介绍你自己的更好的便利食物也是值得的。Itisworthdoing...“做某事是值得的”。and连接两个并列成分，即considering与introducing是并列的，故填introducing。4eq\a\vs4\al(turnup出现；露面；开大音量；向上翻)①Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clockyourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany.假如你邀请客人七点参与宴会，在德国，客人认为按时到场是礼貌的。②Ican'thearthemusic.Pleaseturnuptheradio.我听不到音乐，把声音调大点儿。③Heturneduphiscoatcollaragainstthechillwind.他(竖起)外套领抵挡寒风。[归纳拓展]turndown拒绝；关小；调低turnin上交turnoff关掉turntosb.(forhelp)向某人求助turnout结果是；生产；制造[即时巩固]用恰当的turn短语填空①Ioftenturn_tomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.Asaresult，Ihavemadesteadyprogressinmystudies.②(天津高考改编)Tomhadtoturn_downtheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.③Don'tworry.Youcandependonthathe'llturn_upontime.Healwayskeepshispromises.④Thenewsturned_outtobefalse.1ThenextmorningIwastostartfortheWesttomakemyfortune.我准备其次天早上动身去西部发财。[句式分析]betodo表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作或事物。①Youaretoreporttothepolice.你应当报警。(义务)②Theyaretobemarried.他们准备结婚。(意图)③Thebookwasnottobefound.书找不到了。(可能性)④Everymemberofthepartywastopayhisownexpense.参与晚会的全部人费用自理。(叮嘱，吩咐)[即时巩固]完成句子①Greatereffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionmustbemadeiffoodshortageis_to_beavoided.假如要避开粮食短缺，就必需做出更大的努力来增加农业产量。解析：条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。“be＋不定式”可用于条件状语从句中，表示“假如想……”。单句语法填空②ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortunewasto_be_made(make)．解析：句意：在澳大利亚发觉了金子，这使得成千上万的人们认为在那里可以发财。从语境中动作的先后可知，“在那里发财”这一动作发生在“发觉了金子”这一动作之后且还未发生，因此用过去将来时的被动形式。wastobemade表示过去将来的可能性。eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Youcouldn'thavedraggedJimmyoutofNewYork；,你不行能把他从纽约拉走；)[句式分析]couldnever/nothavedone表示对过去发生的事情的否定推想。Lastnighthewasdoinghomeworktogetherwithme.Hecouldn'thavegonetothecinema.昨晚他和我一起做作业。他不行能去看电影。[归纳拓展]couldhavedone的用法：(1)表示对过去发生事情的推想，一般用于否定句和疑问句中，表示不信任或怀疑。Can/CouldhehavearrivedinHongKong?他到香港了吗？(2)表示原来能够做某事，而事实上没做。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam，buthewastoocareless.原来他能够通过考试的，但是他太马虎了。(没通过)[名师点拨]“情态动词＋havedone”为各级各类考试重点。同学们在学习中要坚固驾驭下列结构的含义和用法。表推想eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(may/mighthavedone过去可能做过,musthavedone过去确定做过))表懊悔、责怪、遗憾等语气eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(needn'thavedone过去本没有必要做却做了,should/oughttohavedone过去本应当做却,未做,shouldn't/oughtn'ttohavedone过去本不该做,却做了,))①Theymighthavegonethere，butI'mnotsure.他们可能去了那儿，但我没把握。②Youneedn'thavetoldthemagain.Ihavetoldthemalready.你本没必要再告知他们，我已经告知他们了。③Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworklastnight.你本应当昨天晚上完成作业。[误区警示]表示对过去的确定推想要用musthavedone，其对应的否定推想要用can'thavedone或couldn'thavedone。[即时巩固]完成句子①Itmust_have_rainedlastnight，fortheroadwasquitemuddy.昨晚确定下过雨了，因为道路很泥泞。②Youshould_have_toldmeearlier.Whatshallwedonow?你本该早些告知我，现在我们怎么办？③Therewasplentyoftime.Weneedn't_have_hurried.当时时间足够，我们本不必那么匆忙的。④MrSmithcan't_have_gonetoBeijing，forIsawhimjustnow.史密斯先生不行能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。⑤Hecould_have_escaped,_buthechosetostandandfight.他原来可以逃走的，但他选择留下来战斗。单句语法填空⑥(陕西高考改编)Mybook，TheHouseofHades，ismissing.Whocouldhavetakenit?解析：本题考查“情态动词＋havedone”的用法。句意：我的书《哈迪斯之屋》不见了。会是谁把它拿走了呢？依据句意可知，这是对过去状况的推想，而且该句是疑问句，所以用could。⑦(福建高考改编)—Sorry，Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh，it'stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.解析：考查“情态动词＋havedone”结构。句意：——对不起，妈妈。我面试又失败了。——噢，那太糟糕了。你本应当做好充分准备的。由句意可知，填should。⑧(浙江高考改编)Georgecan't/couldn'thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.解析：考查“情态动词＋havedone”的用法。句意：乔治不行能走得太远，他的咖啡仍旧是温的。can't/couldn'thavedone是对过去的否定推想。3Wefiguredthatintwentyyearseachofusoughttohaveourdestinyworkedoutandourfortunemadewhatevertheyweregoingtobe.我想20年后，无论我们是什么样的人，我们每一个人的宿命都应当找到了，我们的财宝梦都应当实现了。[句式分析]haveourdestinyworkedout和(have)ourfortunemade都是havesth.done结构，have是使役动词。havesth.done使某事被做；让别人做某事①Iwanttohavemybicyclerepaired.我想找人修理我的自行车。②Theboyhadhisclotheswashed.这个男孩让别人给他洗衣服。留意：havesth.done还可以表示“遭受(不幸)”。Shehadherbikestolen.她的自行车被偷了。[归纳拓展](1)have＋宾语＋现在分词①使……持续发生或进行Shehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.她使我们在吃饭期间笑个不停。②表示预期的目标Don'tworryaboutyourlegs.We'llsoonhaveyouwalking.别为你的腿担忧。我们将很快让你能够行走。③表示不愿引起的后果Youwouldhaveeveryonelaughingatyouifyoudidsuchathing.假如你做了这样的一件事情，人们会讪笑你的。④(与won't/can't连用)表示不能容忍George，Iwon'thaveyoushoutingatmethatway!乔治，我不允许你那样对我大吵大叫！(2)have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式让某人做某事①Ihavemychildrencleanthehousebeforeyouarrive.在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。(主动的动作，已经发生)②We'llhaveAliceattendthatmeetingwithhim.我们将让艾丽斯与他一起参与那个会议。(主动的动作，尚未发生)③Ourmanagerwon'thaveuscriticizehiswork.我们经理不许我们指责他的工作。(主动的动作，无时间概念)[即时巩固]单句语法填空①—Excusemesir，whereisRoom301?—Justaminute.I'llhaveBobshow(show)youtoyourroom.解析：句意：——打搅一下，先生，301房间在哪儿？——请稍等一会儿。我让鲍勃带你去房间。本题考查“have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式”句式，表示“让某人做某事”。②JennyhopesthatMrSmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishimproved(improve)inashortperiod.解析：句意：珍妮希望史密斯先生提出一个短期内能使其书面英语水平得到提高的好方法。本题考查“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构。名词herwrittenEnglish与动作improve之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。③Hehadhisaudiencelistening(listen)attentively.解析：句意：他抓住了听众的留意力。本题考查“have＋宾语＋现在分词”结构。名词hisaudience与动作listen之间存在主动关系。eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Haven'tyouheardfromyourfriendsinceyouleft？,自从你离开后，你就没有收到你挚友的信吗？)[句式分析]since引导的时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。Wehavebeengoodfriendssincewemetin2000.自从2000年相遇后，我们就始终是好挚友。[归纳拓展](1)在“Itbe＋一段时间＋since从句”句式中：①常用于两种时态：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时Itwas＋一段时间＋since＋过去完成时②since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词用持续性动词时，则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。(2)Itwas/willbe＋time＋before...过了/要过多长时间才……Itis/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某个详细的时间Itis/was＋时间状语＋that...是在什么时间做的某事[即时巩固]单句语法填空①IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIpublished(publish)myfirstbook.②Itwillbetwodaysbeforeweknow(know)thefullresults.③ItwasalreadymidnightwhenIreturnedhomefrommyofficelastnight.④Itisusuallyat5：30thattheclassisoverandthestudentsbegintohavesports.句型转换⑤Ihavebeenstudyinginthisschoolforhalfayear.→It_is/has_been_half_a_year_since_I_began_to_study_in_this_school.⑥Aftersometime，we'llknowtheresultoftheexamination.→It_will_be_some_time_beforeweknowtheresultoftheexamination.Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Wesharedthebeliefthat