外研版《英语》八年级下册寒假预习学案Module6

2/2课题八年单元同步相关模块M6Hobbies姓名日期重点词汇应用重点词汇应用Unit1:Doyoucollectanything？1、Whichhobbydoyouthinktakesupthemostspace？这里takeup意为占据、占用。还可意为“拿起、开始从事（新工作）、开始担当（新职责）”。take相关词组：takeafter与…相像takecare当心takepartin参加takedown拆除、取下takeoff脱下、起飞、卸载takeplace发生2、Comeinandfindsomewheretositdown.somewhere用作不订副词，意为“某个地方”或“在某地”，常用于肯定句和表示客气请求的疑问句，此时意为“任何地方”。注意：形容词和不定式修饰不定副词somewhere、anywhere和nowhere时要后置，e.g.I’dliketogosomewhereinterestingduringsummerholiday.假期我想去一些有趣的地方。3、Themustbereallyvaluable.（1）must用作情态动词，除了能翻译成“必须”，其否定形式为mustn’t，意为“禁止”。此外must还能表示非常有把握的推测，意为“肯定、一定”，只用于肯定句中。e.g.Thelightisstillon,hemustbeathome.灯还开着，他一定在家。（2）valuable用作形容词，意为“值钱的、有价值的”，其反义词为valueless。value是valuable的词根，可用作名词，意为“价值”；还可以用作动词，意为“珍视、重视”。类似的以able结尾的形容词还有：enjoy→enjoyable愉悦的comfort→comfortable舒适的change→changeable变化多端的reason→reasonable合乎情理的suit→suitable合适的4、Youcan’tdoanythingwitholdtickets！with用作介词，意为“用…、以….”，侧重指用某种工具或手段，相当于动词use的含义。而介词in也有“用…”的意思，但侧重用某种语言或材料。with的其他用法：和…一起、与e.g.Iwentonholidaywithmyfriendthissummer.有，持有，携带，反义词为withoute.g.Chinaisalargecountrywithlonghistory.Ihavenomoneywithme,同时（…情况）、随着…e.g.Don’tspeakwithyourmouthfull.不要满嘴食物时讲话Unit2:Hobbiescanmakeyougrowasaperson.1、Manystudentshavehobbies,suchasreading,painting,growingvegetablesandlookingafteranimals.lookafter意为“照顾、照料”，期中after是介词，后面跟名词和代词做宾语，相当于takecareof…，如果表示照顾得好，应该为：lookafterwell和takegoodcareof…look相关短语：lookat看lookfor寻找lookup向上看、查找lookout当心looklike看起来像lookforwardto期盼lookaround环顾四周2、Hobbiescanmakeyougrowasaperson.（1）makesbdosth意为“让某人做某事”，其中make是使役动词，其后跟todo不定式做宾语补足语，但不定式中的“to”必须省略，构成makesbdo的结构。类似不定式省略to的结构还有下列动词：四看：see、lookat、watch、notice三让：make、let、have两听：listento、hear一感：feel（2）辨析：person、people和manperson指（一个）人，有复数为personspeople是集体名词，意为“人们”，不表示单个的人，没有复数。谓语动词要用复数。而peoples表示“民族”man一般指男人，其复数形式为men，对应女人为woman–women。当man前面没有冠词或其他修饰词man可表示人或人类。3、Aswellastheusualactivities,suchassailingandclimbing,therewasawritingclass.aswellas意为“也、还、不但…而且”，常用来连接两个并列成分，当翻译成汉语是应当先翻译后面的部分，再翻译前面的部分。e.g.Weneedtocleantherooms,aswellasbuyingsomevegetables.我们需要买一些蔬菜，还要打扫房间。注意：aswellas连接两个并列主语，谓语动词应该和前一个主语保持一致，相当于with的就远原则。e.g.YourEnglishteacheraswellasyourclassmatesiscomingtoseeyou.4、Sheencouragedustowriteaboutourexperiencesatthecamp.encourage用作及物动词，意为“鼓励、鼓舞”常用于固定搭配：encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事encouragesbinsth在某方面鼓励某人5、Davidhasbeenveryluckybecausehishobbyhasbroughthimpleasureandsuccess.（1）pleasure及其变形词性用法pleasev.意为“使高兴”，e.g.Itpleasedmealot.pleasuren.常见的用法：It’sapleasure.=Mypleasure.不用谢、不客气Withpleasure.很乐意pleasantadj.常用作定语，若主语是物，可可作表语e.g.pleasantgoatIt’spleasanttovisitBeijinginfall.pleasedadj.作表语，常用结构为：bepleasedwithbepleasedtodosth（2）success及其变形词性用法successn.意为“成功，成就”为不可数名词，当意为“成功的人，成功的事”时做可数名词。e.g.Iwishyousuccessinyourstudies.OurEnglishpartywasagreatsuccess.succeedv.常用结构：succeedindoingsth成功地做了某事e.g.Shesucceededinwinningthefirstprize.successfuladj.“成功的”，可以修饰名词或代词。successfullyadv.“成功地”，可以修饰动词或全句。语法精讲语法精讲简单句&并列复合句一、句子的类型简单句当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时，我们称之为简单句。e.g.Shesatdownbesideme.Motherisn'tinatthemoment.并列句并列句是指两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，就是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”，并列句的各个分句间可用逗号、分号、起连接作用的副词或并列连词来链接、并列连词前可加逗号也可不加。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。几个并列句的连接词and：表示并列“又、和、而且”or：表示选择，“或者、还是”but：表示转折，“但是”for：因为however：然而so：所以while：然而yet：然而并列句的相关用法：并列句有时之间不用并列连词，但是用分号隔开，并列连词之后的简单句，与其前的简单句有相同的部分时，相同部分可以省去。e.g.Itisgettingdark,butthey’restillworking.We’regoingtothestore,youcangowithusoryoucanmeetusthere.Heisn’tgoodatplayingfootball,buthelikeswatchingfootballmatch.起连接作用的词汇总结：能连接并列句的连词and（和，又），but（但是），for（因为），however（然而），or（或者），so（所以，因而），while（然而），yet（然而）能连接并列句的复合连词orelse（否则，要不然），either...or...（要么…要么…；或者…或者…）neither...nor...（既不…也不…），notonly...butalso（不仅…而且…）能连接并列句的副词besides（而且，还有），hence（因此），otherwise（否则，要不然），then（然后，于是），therefore（因此，所以），thus（因而，从而）根据并列分句之间的不同关系，并列句则可以分为以下四种：表示并列关系的并列连词有：and，both...and...，notonly...butalso，neither...nor，ontheonehand...，ontheotherhand表示转折关系的并列连词有：but，however，while，yet表示选择关系的并列连词有：or，otherwise，either...or...表示因果关系的并列连词有：so，for，therefore复合句一个句子，如果有一个或多个成分由句子充当，则它就是复合句。其中能够独立存在的句子，称之为主句，主句也是全句的主体；而充当全句的一个句子成分的句子，则称之为从句，从句不能独立存在。因此，我们也把这种存在主从关系的复合句，叫做主从复合句。e.g.宾语从句：Idon’tthinkIagreewithyou.时间状语从句：Iwasbrushingmyteethwhilemydadwascookingameal.二、简单句的类型（一）掌握句子的基本成分组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东方升起。（名词）Helikesdancing.他喜欢跳舞。（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.二十年在历史中是个很短的时间。(数词)Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。（不定式）2.谓语（predicate）：说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语Heisasleep.他睡着了。3.表语（predicative）：表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前面的动词称为系动词。Heisateacher.他是个老师（名词）Fiveandfiveisten.五加五等于十（数词）Heisasleep.他睡着了（形容词）Hisfatherisin.他的父亲在家（副词）Thepictureisonthewall.画在墙上。(介词短语)Thatsoundsgood那听起来很好。Tomlooksthin.汤姆看上去很瘦。4.宾语：动作、行为的对象IlikeChina.我喜欢中国。（名词）Youcanhelpme.你能帮助我。（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.你们需要多少？我们需要两个。（数词）Ilikeplayingsoccer.我喜欢踢足球。（动名词）Iwanttohaveanapple.我想要吃个苹果。（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?你写下他所说的话了吗？（宾语从句）5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.我们选他当班长（名词）Wewillmakethemhappy.我们将让他们高兴。（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.我们发现没人在里面。(副词)Hisfatherhelphimtodohishomework.他的父亲帮他做家庭作业。（带to不定式）6.定语：修饰名词或代词的词、词组或句子。HeisaChineseteacher.他是个语文老师。（名词）Heisourfriend.他是我们的朋友。（代词）Ihavethreebooks.我有三本书。（数词）Heisagoodstudent.他是个好学生。（形容词）Theboyinredismybrother.穿红衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。(介词短语)7.状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。表示行为发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式等。Igotoschoolatseveno’clock.我在七点钟上学。Hereadsthebookintheroom.他在房间里看书。Idon’tlikethrillersbecausetheyarescary.我不喜欢恐怖片因为它们太吓人了。（二）掌握简单句的基本句型1.主语+系动词+表语（+状语）e.g.Heisastudent.Hisfaceturnedred.Theappletastessweet.Thesoldierkeepsstill.2.主语+谓语（不及物动词）（+状语）在此句式中，V是不及物动词(vi．)。e.g.Thebellrang.Shecame．Myheadaches.

3.（状语+）主语+谓（及物动词+宾（+状语）在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt．)，因此有宾语。e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.Mikeatethreecakes.Shedrewabeautifulpicture.4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语+（状语）在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。e.g.1)Myfatherboughtmeacar.

2)Myfatherboughtacarforme.3)Hegavemethreeyuan.4)Hegavethreeyuantome.5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语）在此句式中，V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多，哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补，须根据动词的惯用法而定，不能统而概论。例如：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.Wemadehimourmonitor.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstood.Wewanttohavethedeskrepaired.6.There+be+主语（+状语）在此句式中，主语在be动词后面，当有两个并列的主语时，be动词的单复数采用“就近原则”Thereisashopnearmyschool.Thereisanumbrellaandtwoapplesontheshelf.架子上有一把雨伞和两个苹果。Therearetwoapplesandanumbrellaontheshelf.架子上有两个苹果和一把雨伞。即学即练即学即练【简单句】一、写出以下句子属于哪种基本句型。

Heleftwithoutsayingaword.

（______________）

Mymothergivesmeabookasapresent.

（______________）Tonycaughtacoldyesterdayafternoon.

（______________）Helooksyoungerthanbefore.

（______________）StudentsoftenhelptheoldbuyvegetablesonSunday.

（______________）Therewillbeasportsmeetingtomorrowinourschool.

（______________）Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.

（______________）Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching

（______________）Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.

（______________）HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.

（______________）Don'tgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike．

（______________）Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.

（______________）二、请根据所讲内容写出划线部分的句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.

（________）Hehandedmethenewspaper.

（________）Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.

（________）WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

（________）Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

（________）HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

（________）Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?

（________）Hesatthere.

（________）Henoticedamanentertheroom.

（________）Theapplestastedsweet.

（________）【复合句】一、单项选择—Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithme?—I'dloveto,________Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.A.soB.orC.andD.butThinkitover,________you'llworkoutthemathsproblem.A.orB.soC.forD.andBecareful!Don'twalkonthegrass,________itwill“cry”．A.and B.ButC.or D.so—Idon'tlikereading________watchingTV.Whataboutyou?—Idon'tlikereadingallday,________IlikewatchingTVnews.A.and;orB.and;andC.or;andD.or;butPeterspenthalfadayfishingbytheriver,________hedidn'tcatchanything.A.soB.orC.forD.butBecareful,_________youwillfalloffthebike.A.butB.andC.soD.orEdisonsaid,“Nevergiveup,_________you'llmakeit.”A.yetB.orC.andD.butLucyandLilyaretwins.Lucylikesplayingtabletennis,_________Lilydoesn't.A.orB.butC.andD.yetMr.GreenknowslittleGerman,_________hecan'tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.butB.soC.forD.orWouldyouliketocometomypartyonSaturday,Sam?I’dloveto,________Ican’t.Ihavetotakeapianolesson.A.and B.butC.orAnna,youwearanewdresstoday!—Itfitsmewell,________thecolourisnotmyfavourite.A.and B.so C.butWe’regoingtoSuzhouAmusementParkinLinda’scar.Youcancomewithus________youcanmeetustherelater.A.orB.butC.andYoumakelunch,______I’lltakecareofthebaby.A.butB.orC.andJohn,workhard______youwillmakemuchprogress.A.orB.norC.andIthinktheactorisfamous,________noneofmyfriendshaseverheardofhim.A.andB.or C.butGoingtothemoviesisgood,________Ireallyonlylikelisteningtomusic.A.andB.butC.soD.orAlthoughhe'sover70,________heisfullofenergy.A.butB.andC.so D./Practicemore,________you'lllearnEnglishbetter.A.orB.soC.andD.butWhenyougetintotrouble,willyousolveitbyyourself________askothersforhelp?A.orB.andC.butD.soItisraininghard,________thefarmersarestillworkinginthefield.A.andB.butC.soD.because二、选用连词and，but，or完成下列句子It’sanoldcar,____________itcanrunveryfast.Iboughtabirthdaygiftforher____________shelikeditalot.MaJunmaywin____________ZhengXiaojunmaywin.Nooneknows.—WhatcanIdothisafternoon,Mum?—Youcangoshoppingwithme,____________youcanstayathomebyyourself.Saveadropofwatereveryday,____________wecanhelpmakeabetterfuture.词组记忆词组记忆unit1______________________abitof______________________collectstamps______________________lookat______________________somethingimportant______________________intheirlives______________________takeupunit2______________________growvegetables______________________lookafter______________________some…others…______________________makesbdosth______________________developinterests______________________beinterestedin______________________newskill______________________summercamp______________________aswellas______________________writingclass______________________asksbtodosth______________________talkabout______________________encouragesbtodosth______________________asaresult______________________playvolleyball随堂检测随堂检测I.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。Shelikestoc______________dolls．Daming’sfatherisafootballf______________．Shecleansherroomeveryday．Soit’salwayst______________．Weneeds______________topostletters．Whatmakeyoui______________inyourhobby?Whatnewskillshaveyoulearned_____________（通过）yourhobbies?Asa_______（结果），hedidn’tpasstheexam．Davidlikeswriting．Healsoenjoys_____________（玩；打）volleyball．Hishobbiesbringhim____________（乐趣）everyday．Afterafewyears’hardwork，wemadegreat____________（成功）atlast．II.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。IsthatChenHuan_____________(speak)?I’mgoingtoaskyousome____________(person)questions．CanIaskyouifyoumisstheUK，oryour_____________(relation)?It’savery_____________(excite)place．Iknowthat____________(foreign)findChinaverydifferentfromtheirowncountry．Ienjoymakingpeople_____________(laugh)．Thenewspaperwillgiveinformationaboutwhat’s____________(happen)．Tonghasalreadydecidedwhat____________(put)inthepaper．Ihatetohearpeople_____________(talk)loudlyinpublic．10．Heoftenpractises____________(speak)Englishinthemorning．III.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。Ihadagreattimeduringthewinterholiday．(同义句转换)I________________________duringthewinterholiday．Takecareofyourselfwhenyouareaway．(同义句转换)________________________yourselfwhenyouareaway．Iwrotehometwiceaweek．(对划线部分提问)________________________didyouwritehome?Bobhurthisleg．(对划线部分提问)____________________________________Bob?Ilikeplayingcomputergamesinmyfreetime．(对划线部分提问)____________doyouliketo____________inyourfreetime?Hegavehisbrotherabicyclelastyear．(改为同义句)Hegave____________________________________hisbrotherlastyear．myfather／me／tobeamusician／wanted(连词成句)_________________________________________________________________BothTomandMarylikeEnglish．(改为同义句)____________________Tom_____________________Mary___________English．Somehobbies，forexample，readingandpaintingarerelaxing．(改为同义句)Somehobbies，________________________readingandpaintingarerelaxing．IV.根据汉语提示，完成句子。结果，他成为了一名成功的年轻作家。___________________________________，hehasbecomeasuccessfulyoungwriter．下次我要在学期末演奏。I’llplay________________________________________________thistermnexttime．他对很多其他的东西感兴趣。He_________________________________________manyotherthings．他的第一本书在2003年出版。Hisfirstbook__________________________in2003．很多青少年喜欢运动，例如，足球和篮球。Manyteenagersenjoysport，____________________________，footballandbasketball．这个房间有点乱。Thisroomis_______________________________________amess．我只记住了些重要的事。Ionlyremember__________________________．很多学生有爱好，例如：读书、画画等。Manystudentshave__________，______________________________and__________．爱好能够使你长大成人。Hobbiescan_____________you____________________________a_____________．她不仅是我的同学，还是我的好朋友。Sheis____________________myclassmate，____________________mygoodfriend．V.单项选择。Iamlookingforward_______youagain．A．seeingB．toseeC．toseeingD．seeThedesk_______muchspace．Ican’tputthebikeinit．A．takesawayB．takesoutC．takesupD．takesdownMaryworkedhard，and_______shemadegreatprogress．A．toaresultB．asaresultC．foraresultD．inaresultWhattheteachersaidmadeus_______．A．angrilyB．angryC．angerD．areangryIlikeballgames，_______football，basketball，tabletennis．A．forexampleB．suchC．likesD．suchasSamisofftoEnglandandhehasaskedHelen_______hisdog．A．lookforB．lookafterC．tolookforD．tolookafter—What’sJohn’s_______?—Mountainbiking．Hesays_______isexciting．A．dream；itsB．character；thatC．hobby；itD．hope；she—WhydoesAnnieenjoy_______?—Becauseitcan_______hermuchpleasure．A．drawing；bringB．todance；makeC．ride；takeD．reading；showMyfriendJackhasan_______hobby．Heis_______inoldnewspapers．A．interesting；interestingB．interested；interestedC．interesting；interestedD．interested；interestingJ．K．Rowlingspentmanyyears_______HarryPotter．A．writeB．wroteC．writingD．towriteIt’simportant_______thepianowell．A．ofhimtoplay B．forhimtoplayC．ofhimplayingD．forhimplaying—Ilikethemagazine．Whenwillthenextone_______?—NextWednesday．A．comeonB．gooutC．comeoutD．lookoutItwasrainingheavilyoutside．Thefathermadethechildren_______inthehouse．A．tostayB．stayC．staysD．stayedYouhadbetternotputyourcomputerhere．It_______toomuchspaceA．takesoffB．takesupC．takesplaceD．takesout—Doyoulikethesong?—Yes，itsoundsreally_______．A．terribleB．deliciousC．beautifulD．beautifullyMr.Smithtoldhisson_____thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.A．nottowatch B．tonotwatchC．notwatching D．doesn’twatch—HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudy?—Muchbetter.Idon’tfeelitwasasasbefore.A.interestingB.muchC.difficultD.easyEverybodyexceptMikeandLindatherewhenthemeetingbegan.A.isB.areC.wasD.were阅读训练阅读训练一、完形填空Whichisthebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguage?Werememberedthatwealllearnedourownlanguagewhenwewere____1____.Ifwecanlearnasecondlanguageinthesameway，itwon’tseemtobeso____2____.Thinkofwhatsmallchildrendo.Theylistento____3____peoplesayandtheytrytoimitatewhatthey____4____.Whentheywant,something,theyhaveto____5____forit.Theyareusinglanguage,talking____6____itallthetime.If____7____useasecondlanguagelikethisallthetime,theywilllearnitmore____8____.Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatwelearnourownlanguagebyhearingpeoplespeakit,____9____byseeingwhattheywrite.Inschool,thoughyoulearntohearandspeak,toreadandwrite,youmustlearnallthenewwordsthroughtheears:youcanreadthem,spellthemandwritethem____10____.1．A．boys B．girls C．old D．young2．A．important B．difficult C．interesting D．easy3．A．that B．which C．what D．where4．A．see B．listen C．hear D．speak5．A．send B．look C．wait D．ask6．A．in B．by C．on D．with7．A．people B．teachers C．child D．workers8．A．slowly B．hardly C．quickly D．carefully9．A．not B．and C．but D．then10．A．first B．earlier C．before D．Later二、阅读理解Everyyear，alotofchildrenintheUSAgotosummercamps．Somegotoplayoutdoorsinthewoods，inthemountainsoronthelakes．Butfamiliesnowhavemanychoicesofspecialcamps．Thesecanbeinthemiddleofnatureorabigcity．Specialcampsofferyoungpeoplethechancetolearnaboutdifferentsubjects．Intechnologycamps，onesubjectthatchildrencanlearnaboutisvideogamedesign．Theylearnhowtousecomputerprogramstocreategamesoftheirown．OneprogramthatteachesvideogamedesigniscalledCybercamps．Childrencanlearnhowtodesigntheirownvirtual(实际上的)worldstosettheirvideogamein．Then，theyprogramtheirownrulesandobjectsintothegame．CybercampsalsoofferscoursesinrobotbuildingandWebdesign．ArecentstoryintheWashingtonPostdescribedhowonechildmadearobotthatcouldsingasong．Anothermadearobotthatcouldfollowablacklinedrawnonapieceofcardboard．Also，childrencanlearnhowtomakewebsites．OnechildmadeasiteforPok6mon，oneofhisfavouritecartoonshows．Traditionalcampsare．A．inthewoodsB．inthemountainsC．onthelakesD．AlltheaboveSpecialcampsofferyoungpeoplethechancetolearnaboutA．onlyspaceB．onlyscienceC．onlymedicineD．differentsubjectsInCybercampsachildmadearobotthatcould．A．singB．danceC．speakD．drawWhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?TherearemanyspecialcampsintheUSAnow．Familiesprefertraditionalcampstospecialcamps．Specialcampscanbeinthemiddleofnatureorabigcity．Intechnologycamps，childrencancreategamesoftheirown．Thebesttitleforthepassageis．A．TraditionalCampsB．SpecialCampsC．SummerCampsD．SummerHolidays词组自测词组自测unit1种植蔬菜________________________________收集邮票________________________________看…________________________________一些重要的事________________________________在他们的生活中________________________________占据________________________________unit2种植蔬菜________________________________照顾________________________________一些…另一些________________________________让（使）某人做某事________________________________发展兴趣________________________________对…感兴趣________________________________新技能________________________________夏令营______________________________