外研版《英语》八年级下册寒假预习学案Module3

2/2课题八年级下新书预习相关模块M3Experiences姓名日期重点词汇应用重点词汇应用Unit1:Hasitarrivedyet?Whatareyouupto?beupto以为“从事于、忙于”，Whatareyouupto?常用语口语中，相当于Whatareyoubusydoing?扩展：beuptosb“由某人决定”upto+数量/程度“达到、多达”What’sup?“怎么啦？”=What’swrong?I’vejustmadeamodel辨析：just刚adv.仅仅、只不过相当于only现在完成时Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.Heisjustachild,don’tbetoostrictwithhim.justnow刚才，相当于amomentago一般过去时Isawhimjustnow.

justthen就在这时候过去进行时Itwasjustthenthathehearedthecryinthegrass.

就在这个时候，他听到了草丛里的叫声。That’swhyit’sonthenews.That’swhy意为“那就是…的原因”，why在这里引导表语从句，对主句进行解释说明，从句需要用陈述句语序。Janeishardworkingandhelpful,that’swhyIshouldlearnfromher.※这里的that不能用this替换类似的用法还有That’sbecause“那是因为”。Hedidn’tcometoschool,that’sbecausehewasill.SohavetheydiscoveredlifeonMars?辨析：discover发现存在但未知的Modernastronomershavediscoveredamillionsuchgalaxie．find找到（强调结果）Ihelpedherfindherbagjustnow.findout经过调查查明、找出Pleasefindoutwheretheylive.invent发明创造出前所未有的Edisoninventedtheelectriclightbulb.Marsisveryfaraway,muchfartherthanthemoon.farther做形容词时表示“更远的”（是far的比较级），也可以表示“进一步的”另外还有副词词性，表示“更远地、此外，更进一步地”Unit2:Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.1、Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsofyears.①therehasbeen是therebe句型的现在完成时，表示“有…”②hundredsofmillionsof表示“数亿”hundredsof表示“几百”，millionsof表示“几百万”，他们都能加可数名词复数，但前面不能有具体的数字，但可以与many、several、some等表示不确定的数目连用，类似的用法还有thousandsof和billionsof辨析：ontheearth在地球上，在世界上onearth究竟、到底2、Noneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth①辨析：none指三者或三者以上的“都不”，既可以指人又可以指物，可以单独使用，也可以和of构成noneof+名词复数，谓语动词单复数都可以。用来回答howmany和howmuch提问的问句。反义词是allNoneoftheguestwant/wantstostay。客人中没有一个想留下来。noone泛指“没有人”=nobody，只能指人，不和of连用，一般回答who提问的句子。Nooneisgoingtotheconcerttomorrow.明天没有人来音乐会。neither以为“两者都不”，neither和neitherof做主语时谓语动词用单数，反义词是both。Neitherofthetwoboysisright.这两个男孩没有一个是对的。②environment（n.环境、周围情况）theenvironment指自然环境、生态环境Studentsmusthaveapleasantlearningenvironment.学生必须有一个愉快的学习环境扩展：environmental（adj.环境的、有关环境的）Itisimpossibletoimagine.impossible（adj.不可能的）是由否定前缀im+形容词possible构成的。Impossible通常不以人做主语，主语通常是it、this、that、everything、nothing等常用句型：Itisimpossibleforsbtodosth对某人来说，做某事是不可能的imagine（v.想象、猜想）imagine做及物动词用，后面可直接加名词、代词或从句做宾语，若要和动词连用，动词必须用动名词形式即：imaginedoing注意辨别：image（通常只做名词，意为图像、影像）NospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.enough（adj、adv足够的n.充足）常用句型：形容词/副词+enough+todosth，否定形式是not+形容词/副词+todosth，这一结构可以与“so…that”互换。Heiscleverenoughtoworkouttheproblem.=Heissocleverthathecanworkouttheproblem.他很聪明，能算出这道题。易错点：enough修饰形容词时放在形容词之后，修饰名词时在名词之前。5、withsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone?辨析：alone强调孤独的状态adj独自的，单独的Ididn’tlikebeingaloneathome.我不喜欢独自在家adv独自地，单独地Lionsometimeshuntalone.狮子有时单独捕猎lonely强调精神上、感情上的孤独adj寂寞的Shefeltlonelyandhopeless.n独行者Whyhasnoonecommunicatedwithus?常用搭配：communicatewithsb和…交流扩展：communication（n.通讯、交流）语法精讲语法精讲现在完成时（2）当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可分用just,already或yet加以强调或说明。例如：Ihavejustheardthenews.我刚听到消息。Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.宇航员已经去过月球了。Hehasjuststartedtoexploreotherplanets.我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。可以看出，just用来表示“刚刚”，already用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have/has之后。在否定句中则可用yet,表示“还未”，有“以后可以会”的含义。例如：Thescientistshavenotheardfromityet.科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。Manhasnotdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.人类尚未在太空中发现生命。另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。例如：IhavejustbeentoLondon.Iwenttherelastmonth.我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ifinisheditanhourago.我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。试看以下对话：A:Wherehaveyouputmybook?Ican’tfindit.你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。B:Iputitonyourdeskyesterday.我昨天放你桌子上了。该对话中，当A问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。但B回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话：A:Wouldyouliketogoandseethefilmwithmetonight?你今晚想和我去看电影吗？B:Sorry,Ihaveseenitalready.不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。词组记忆词组记忆unit1______________________besuretodo______________________noproblem______________________theleastnews______________________that’swhy______________________farawayfrom______________________inorderto______________________thinkabout______________________getinformation______________________goonline______________________searchforunit2______________________ontheearth______________________onearth______________________goaround______________________solarsystem______________________billionsof______________________Itisimpossibletodo______________________takephotos______________________farenoughtodo______________________enoughmoney______________________communicatewith随堂检测随堂检测I.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1．Thereares___________booksontheshelf．2．Thereistheearth，thesun，themoonandmanyotherstarsintheu___________．3．Wearea___________ontheisland，butwedon'tfeellonely．4．She'sj___________eatenherlunch．5．Howdoyouchangeoure___________?6．Wesentthei___________totheearth.7．He'sg___________toBeijing，soyoucan’tseehimnow．II.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Weallknowtheearth___________(go)aroundthesun．Thereare___________(billion)ofstarsinourgalaxy．Mymotherisn'tathome．She___________(go)toShanghai．SomyfatherandIshouldtakecareofmyoldgrandma．Howlargeistheuniverse?Noone___________(know)．Ihavefinished___________(read)thebook.III.选择方框中的单词填空。yeteveralreadyforneverHaveyou____________beentoNewYork?Ihaven'tbeentoNewYork____________．ButI'llgotherethissummer.Idon'tbelieveyourfamilyhasownedatruck____________over90years.Myparentsare_____________lateforwork.Theyalwaysgetupearly.He’s____________toldhisparentsabouthisplans．IV.句型转换。HehasreadthebookWhoMovedMyCheese．(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)______________________________________________________________MaryhasalreadyvisitedtheSummerPalace．(改为否定句)_____________________________________________________________Ihavelearnedhundredsofnewwords．(改为同义句)Ihavelearned________________________newwords．Ican’trunasquicklyasmysister．(改为同义句)Mysistercanrun____________________________________me．Theyhaven’tseeneachotherforyears．(就划线部分提问)____________________________________theyseeneachother?V.根据汉语提示，完成句子。很多航天员已经去过太空站。Alotof___________have_________________________________thespacestation.他们都不知道保护环境。___________ofthemknow______________________the_____________.我不可能同陌生人交谈。It’s___________forme_________________________________strangers．宇宙飞船已经到达月球。The___________has_______________________themoon．科学家们在月球上发现水了吗？Havethe______________________wateronthemoon?VI.用have／hasbeen或have／hasgone填空1．—Where’sJim?—He___________toGuilin．2．I__________totheWestLake．Look!Ihavetakenmanyphotosonit．3．She____________tothepark；shewillbebackintwohours．4．We____________tothebookshopandboughtmanybooks．5．I___________toHongKongtwice．6．I____________never____________tothebeachinSanya．7．TheBlacks___________just____________toChongqing．I’mafraidyoucan’tseethem．VII.单项选择。______he______toNewYork?Ifso,hecanchooseanothercity．A．Did；travelB．Does；travelC．Has；traveledD．Is；travelingThetwoastronautshave______returnedfromthespacestation．A．just B．justnow C．yet D．stillWhatlanguagesusethenamesoftheplanets______thedaysoftheweek?A．of B．about C．for D．withHaveyoufinished______thenovel?A．readB．readsC．toreadD．readingHespeaksEnglishas______asI．A．well B．good C．better D．bestHeaskedme______itsecret．A．keeping B．tokeep C．kept D．keepsTheyhavetried______waterontheMars．Atofind B．find C．found D．finds______Earthturnsaround______Sun．A．An；aB．A；aC．The；theD．The；aNoone______toldhimtodoso．A．is B．was C．have D．hasMyfather______toQingdaomanytimes．Ahasbeen B．hasgone C．have D．goesTheoldmanlives______，buthedoesn'tfeel______．A．lonely；lonelyB．alone；aloneC．lonely；aloneD．alone；lonelyKatecouldn't______herbaganywhere.A．discoverB．findC．sawD．lookforZhangFengisaLeaguemember．He_______theLeaguesince3yearsago．A．joinedB．joinedinC．hasbeeninD．hasjoinedin—Lookatthesign．Itsays“NoParking”．—________．A.Sorry，Idon’tseeitB．That’sallrightC．That’sOKD．Sorry，Ididn’tseeitHurryup!Thefilm_______fortenminutes．A．wasonB．startedC．hasbeenonD．hasstarted—Anicecar!Isityours?—No,itisn’t.I_______itfromafriendofminetwodaysago.A.borrowB.haveborrowedC.willborrowD.borrowedNextmonthwe’regoingsomewhereinterestingassoonastheholiday_______.A.willbeginB.hasbegunC.beginsD.isbeginning—BenandSuearen’thome,arethey?—No.They_____toLondononbusiness.A.havegone B.go C.havebeenD.willgo阅读训练阅读训练一、完形填空阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Howdidwehelptosaveourearththisweek?Letmetellyou.First,myfamilytriedtosaveelectricity(电).Weneverleftthelights

1

whenleavingtheroom.We

2

theTVwhennobodywaswatchingit.Mumonlyusedcoldwaterinthewashingmachine.

Second,westartedrecyclingthisweek.Wetriedtowriteon

3

ofourpaper,butnotjustononeside.Wealsodividedourrubbishinto

4

bagsforbottles,paperandfood.Mumkepttheplasticshoppingbags

fromthesupermarkettousethemagainasrubbishbags.

Third,myfamilystartedtosave

5

.Westopped

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longbathsandhadshortshowers(淋浴)

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.Wewashedtoiletwithusedwater.Mumanddadusedlesswatertodothewashing.MysisterandIdidn'tleave

thetap(龙头)runningwhenwebrushedourteeth.

Atlast,mumanddadbegantosavegas(汽油).Mumusedto

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ustoschool,butnowmysisterandIstartedridingourbikestoschool.It'shardwork

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exercise!

Thisweekdadandafewofthepeopleinhiscompanyalsostartedtogotoworkinonecarandshare

the

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.

Thesearegreatwaystohelpprotectourenvironment.1.A.out

B.on

C.off

D.behind2.A.turnedup

B.turnedon

C.turneddown

D.turnedoff3.A.anyside

B.allsides

C.neitherside

D.bothsides4.A.large

B.small

C.different

D.thesame5.A.electricity

B.food

C.water

D.paper6.A.touse

B.making

C.tohave

D.taking7.A.again

B.instead

C.already

D.too8.A.drive

B.order

C.show

D.carry9.A.or

B.but

C.for

D.and10.A.pay

B.value

C.cost

D.price二、阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。AFilmsattheMuseumTwoEuropeanfilmswillbeshownonSaturdayafternoonattheMuseumTheatre.SeeBrokenWindowat1：30.TheWorkerswillbeat3：45.Forfurtherinformation,call4987898.CaptainGoodFellowDoyourchildrenenjoyinterestingstories,funnygames,andexcitingdances?CaptainGoodFellowwillbereadytoteachallthesethingstochildrenattheCityTheatreonSaturdaymorningat10：00,free.InternationalPicnicAreyoutiredofeatingthesamefoodeveryday?CometoCentralParkonSaturdayandenjoyfoodfromallovertheworld.Deliciousbutnotexpensive.Noonto5：00p．m.TakemeouttotheBallgameIt'sOctober,andSaturdaynight(7：00～9：00)isyourlastchancetoseetheRedBirdsthisyear.Getyourticketsatthegate.Itmightbecold.Don'tforgetsweatersandjackets.DoyouwanttohearTheZooTheZoo,apopularrockgroupfromAustralia,willgivetheirfirstU.S.concertthisSaturdaynight,at8,atRoseHall,CityCollege.OnSaturdaymorning,youcan______.A.gotowatchaballgameB.takechildrentoplaygamesattheCityTheatreC.gotoaconcertatRoseHall,CityCollegeD.gototheCentralParkforapicnicTheRedBirdsBallgame______.A．isintheafternoonB．isoutsideC．isatthegateD．mightbecoldYoucaneatmanydifferentkindsoffoodfromallovertheworldifyou______.A．gototheCityTheatre B．gototheCentralParkC．buyticketsatthegate D．gotoseeafilmTheZoois______.A．aUSconcert B．aparkwithmanyredbirdsinitC．amusicgroup D．goingtogivetheirlastconcertWhichisNOTpossibleforMr.TurnertodoifhewantstohaveaniceSaturday?A.Watchingaballgameandhavingapicnic.B.Havingapicnicandseeingafilm.C.Listeningtoaconcertandwatchingaballgame.D．Seeingafilmandlisteningtoaconcert.BWhenwecanseewell,wedon’tthinkaboutoureyesveryoften.Itisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwecometoseehowimportantoureyesare. Peoplewhoarenearsightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes.Manypeoplewhodoalotofclosework,suchaswriting,readingandsewing,becomenearsighted.Thentheyhavetowearglassesinordertoseedistantthingsclearly.Peoplewhoarefarsightedsufferfromjusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefaraway,buttheyhavedifficultyreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm’slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreading,theymustgetglasses,too.Otherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshape.This,too,canbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople’seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts（白内障）.Longagothesepeopleoftenbecameblind.Now,however,itispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.Whennightfalls,coluresbecomefaintertotheeyesandfinallydisappear.Afteryoureyeshavegrownusedtothedark,youcanseebetterifyouusethesidesofyoureyesratherthanthecenters.Sometimes,afterdark,youcanseeasmallthingtoonesideofyou,whichseemstodisappearifyouturnyourheadinitsdirection.Thisisbecausewhenyouturnyourhead,youarelookingatthethingtoodirectly.Menonguarddutysometimesthinktheyseesomethingmovingtoonesideofthem.Whentheyturntolookstraightatit,theycan’tseeitanymore,andtheybelievetheyweremistaken.However,thismistakehappensbecausethecenteroftheeye,whichisverysensitiveindaylight,isnotassensitiveasthesidesoftheeyeafterdark.Wedon’tknowthatoureyesareofgreatimportanceuntil___.A.wethinkaboutoureyes B.wecannotseeclearly C.wewearglasses D.wehavetodomuchreadingAccordingtothepassage,a_________ismorelikelytobenearsightedthantheaverageperson.A.tailor B.doctor C.guard D.driverThosewhosufferfromcataracts_________.A.willbecomeblind B.can’tbecured C.maybecured D.mustmovetootherplacesPeoplewhoarefarsighted_________.cannotdoalotofcloseworkwithoutglassescanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyeshavedifficultyreadingabookiftheyholditatarm’slengthhavethesameproblemasthenearsightedpeopleToseeasmallthingatnight,itisbettertolook_________.A.withwideopeneyes B.withhalf-shutornarroweyes C.straightatit D.inaslightlydifferentdirection词组自测词组自测unit1确信做某事____________________________________没问题！____________________________________最新消息____________________________________这就是为什么____________________________________远离…____________________________________为了____________________________________考虑____________________________________获取信息____________________________________上网____________________________________搜寻____________________________________unit2在地球上____________________________________究竟____________________________________环绕（动作）____________________________________太阳系____________________________________数亿的____________________________________做…是不可能的____________________________________拍照____________________________________足够远去做____________________________________足够的钱____________________________________和…交流________________________________句子自测句子自测你在忙什么呢？___________________________