2022中考阅读理解热点话题练 专题10 垃圾分类 （解析版）

PAGE14PAGE132022中考阅读理解热点话题练专题10垃圾分类Passage1（2021·广西梧州·中考真题）Recyclingisawaytotakerubbishandturnitintonewproducts.It’shelpfultoourenvironment.Thereareanumberofdifferentrecyclingstepsthatallowmaterialstobeusedmorethanonce.Allkindsofmaterialscanberecycled.Someofthemostcommonthingsinusetodayincluderecyclingplastic,glass,metalsandpaper.Thingsmadeofthesematerialsincludesodacans,plasticmilkboxes,newspapers,computersandcardboardboxes.Thereareanumberofadvantagesforrecycling.Theseinclude:Landfills—Recyclingmaterialsmeanslessrubbishandsavesspaceinlandfills.Resources—Whenweusematerialsagain,thismeanswecantakefewerresourcesfromtheearth.Pollution—ingeneral,recyclingmaterialscanproducelesspollution,helpingtokeepourenvironmentclean.Besuretorecycleeverythingyoucaninyourhouseandschool.Thereisalmosta“recycle”rubbishcanaround.Besuretodropyourusedaluminumcansandplasticbottlesthere.Athome,besuretoputpaperthingslikethenewspapers,paperboxes,andhomeworkpagesintotherecyclebox.Plasticsareusuallymarkedwithanidentificationcodethatshowsarecyclingsymbolandanumberfrom1to7.Thisshowsthatthetypeofchemicals,ormaterials,isusedinmakingtheplastic.Usedpapercanberecycledaroundseventimes.Itishightimewesetuparecyclestationineverystreet,acrossthecityandthecountry,sothecleanerscantransporttherubbishconveniently.Thisistheonlywayoutforhandlingrubbishwithoutcausingdangertotheenvironmentandourhealth.Forourselves,ourchildrenandourchildren’schildren,let’stakeactionNOW!1．Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthat________.A．wecanmakemoremoneyfromrecyclingB．recyclingishelpfultoourenvironmentC．recyclingiscommonandpopularD．thereistoomuchrubbisharoundus2．Inparagraph3,weknowthatrecyclinghasmanyadvantagesincluding________.A．lessrubbish B．morespaceC．lesspollution D．alltheabove3．Whatkindsofmaterialsareusuallymarkedwithanidentificationcode?A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Glass. D．Metals.4．Theunderlinedword“handling”inthelastparagraphmeans________inChinese.A．处理 B．生产 C．收购 D．变卖5．Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellus?A．Weshouldrecycleeverythinginourdailylife.B．Manyresourcescanbesavedbyrecycling.C．Weshouldtakeactiontorecyclerubbish.D．Recyclestationsshouldbesetupinthestreet.1．B2．D3．B4．A5．C【分析】文章介绍了回收垃圾、重复利用的好处，都有利于环境的保护，对于我们以及我们的子孙后代都是非常有利的，并呼吁建立完善的回收机制，让资源得以保证，让环境得到净化。1．段落大意题。根据“Recyclingisawaytotakerubbishandturnitintonewproducts.It’shelpfultoourenvironment.Thereareanumberofdifferentrecyclingstepsthatallowmaterialstobeusedmorethanonce.”可知，本段主要说明回收对环境是有帮助的，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Thereareanumberofadvantagesforrecycling.Theseinclude:Landfills—Recyclingmaterialsmeanslessrubbishandsavesspaceinlandfills.Resources—Whenweusematerialsagain,thismeanswecantakefewerresourcesfromtheearth.Pollution—ingeneral,recyclingmaterialscanproducelesspollution,helpingtokeepourenvironmentclean.”可知，回收可以减少垃圾并节省空间，可以产生较少的污染，故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“Plasticsareusuallymarkedwithanidentificationcodethatshowsarecyclingsymbolandanumberfrom1to7.”可知，塑料通常标有一个标识码，故选B。4．词义猜测题。根据“Thisistheonlywayoutforhandlingrubbishwithoutcausingdangertotheenvironmentandourhealth.”可知，这是处理垃圾的唯一方法，不会对环境和我们的健康造成危险。所以单词“handling”指的是“处理”，故选A。5．主旨大意题。根据“Forourselves,ourchildrenandourchildren’schildren,let’stakeactionNOW!”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要通过介绍垃圾回收的好处呼吁人们应该采取行动回收垃圾。故选C。Passage2（2021·四川德阳·中考真题）Ifyourpencilboxisbroken,thebatteries(电池)inyourflashlightsrunout,oryouhavesomeleftoverfood,howwillyoudealwiththesethings?Youwillprobablythrowthemallintoonerubbishbin.Butactually,weneedtosort(分类)alltherubbishseparately.Ifyoudon’tsortyourrubbish,allofitwillgotoaspecialplacewhereitisburied(埋藏)together.Asaresult,itwilltakeupsomefields.Somerubbishwillpollutethegroundwater.Somerubbishthatcanbereusedwillbewasted.Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonrubbishsorting.Shanghaihascalledonallthepeoplelivinginthiscitytosorttheirrubbishintofourgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Wetwasteisknownashouseholdwaste.Theyarethingsyoudon’twantbutpigscaneat.Paper,metal,glass,plasticandotherthingsthatcanbereusedarerecyclablewaste.Harmfulwasteincludesthinslikemedicine,batteries.Finally,anywastethatisnotwet,recyclableorharmfulwillgotothe“drywaste”bin.ManyotherChinesecitiesarealsousingthiswaytosorttheirrubbish.Forexample,Deyanghasbeensortingitsrubbishintothesamefourgroupssinceseveralyearsago.StudentsinDeyanghavealreadyreceivedwaste-sortingguidebooks.Theyhavestudiedthesebooksandknownhowtosorttherubbish.Chinaisnowimprovingitswaste-sortingefforts.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.Butit’snevertoolatetolearnhowtosortyourrubbishrightly.Weshouldtakeanactivepartinit.6．Howmanybadresultswilltherebeifalltherubbishisburiedtogether?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeup”inParagraph1mean?A．处理 B．改变 C．占用 D．从事8．Whichofthefollowingisharmfulwaste?A．Metal. B．Paper. C．Medicine. D．Glass.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．StudentsinDeyanghaveknownhowtosorttherubbish.B．Paperandmetalcanbethrownintoa“drywaste”bin.C．Thewholeworldisworkinghardonrubbishsorting.D．Chinahasalreadysucceededinsortingtherubbish.6．B7．C8．C9．A【分析】本文主要讲述了现在社会人们产生的垃圾越来越多，我们应该对垃圾进行分类，对可利用的进行合理利用，有害的进行妥善处理，这样才能既环保又节约能源。6．细节理解题。根据“Asaresult,itwilltakeupsomefields.Somerubbishwillpollutethegroundwater.Somerubbishthatcanbereusedwillbewasted.”可知，如果把所有的垃圾都埋在一起，会有三种坏结果，故选B。7．词义猜测题。根据句中“somefields”可推测，这里是指占用一些田地，故选C。8．细节理解题。根据“Harmfulwasteincludesthinslikemedicine,batteries.”可知，有害废物包括药物、电池等物质，故选C。9．细节理解题。根据“StudentsinDeyanghavealreadyreceivedwaste-sortingguidebooks.Theyhavestudiedthesebooksandknownhowtosorttherubbish.”可知，德阳的学生已经收到了垃圾分类指南，他们已经研究过这些书，知道如何分类垃圾，故选A。Passage3（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Asweallknow,environmentalpollutionisstillseriousnowadays.Ourgroupwantedtoknowhowmanystudentsknewabouteachkindofthepollutionandwewantedtolearnhowoftentheysorted(分类)rubbish.Sowedidasurveyamongthestudentsinourschool.Herearetheresultsofourquestionnaire(问卷).TheresultsofthequestionnaireDoyouknowabouttheseproblems?Howoftendoyousortrubbish?10．Thesurveyismainlyabout________.A．scientificresearch B．environmentalprotectionC．everydayhabits D．physicaleducation11．Wecanknowthereare________partsinthequestionnaire.A．two B．three C．four D．five12．________isknownbythefeweststudents.A．Airpollution B．WaterpollutionC．Noisepollution D．Globalwarming13．________havebeguntosortrubbishaccordingtothechart(图表).A．Allofthestudents B．MostofthestudentsC．Someofthestudents D．Noneofthestudents14．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultsofthequestionnaire?A．Airpollutionisnoticedbyalargenumberofstudents.B．Thestudentsdon’trealizethesituationoftheenvironmentatall.C．Fivekindsofenvironmentalpollutionarementionedinthequestionnaire.D．Moststudentstakeenoughactiontosortrubbish.10．B11．A12．C13．C14．A【分析】本文是关于学生对环境污染的了解以及如何分类垃圾的一个调查问卷结果。10．主旨大意题。根据“Ourgroupwantedtoknowhowmanystudentsknewabouteachkindofthepollutionandwewantedtolearnhowoftentheysorted(分类)rubbish”可知，这个调查报告主要是关于环境保护的，故选B。11．细节理解题。根据“Doyouknowabouttheseproblems”及“Howoftendoyousortrubbish”可知，问卷有两部分，故选A。12．细节理解题。根据图表显示，关于噪声污染学生们了解的最少，故选C。13．细节理解题。根据图表显示，25%的学生已经开始分类垃圾，也就是一些学生已经开始这么做了，故选C。14．细节理解题。根据图表显示，90%的学生已经注意到空气污染问题，故选A。Passage4（2017·江苏泰州·中考真题）Anewrubbishsortingsystem(垃圾分类系统)hasbeenputintouseinFangchengyuanCommunityinBeijing.Localpeoplenotonlysorttheirrubbish,butalsoputQRcodes(二维码)onit.“Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointstoexchangeforsmallgiftsandevensomemoney,”oneofthelocalpeopletoldreporters.“It’sreallycreativeandencouraging.”Thissmartsystemhasbeencarriedoutin350communitiesinBeijing.ThecapitalofChinahasjoinedalistofcitiesinthecountrythattakeactiontosupportrubbishsorting.Forexample,ShenzhenandShanghaihavemadelawstopunishsortingrubbishincorrectly.Chinaproducesquitealotofrubbisheveryyear.Muchoftherubbishisburied(填埋)insoilorburnedwithoutbeingsorted.Landfills(填埋场)takeupalotoflandandhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwaternearby.Andburningrubbishcanproduceharmfulgases.Throughrubbishsorting,wecanreducetheuseoflandfillsandairpollution.What’smore,rubbishsortingsavesresources,whichcouldbringeconomicbenefits(经济利益).Forexample,atonofwastepapercanbereusedtomakeabout850kgofpaper,saving17treesand50percentofwater.Becauseoftheirbenefits,somecountrieshavedevelopedsuccessfulsortingsystems.Japanhasastrictanddetailedsystem.Whenpeoplethrowawayawaterbottle,thecap,thewrapper(包装纸)andthebottleitselfhavetogointothreedifferentbins.Everyyear,familiesreceivespecialrubbishsortingtimetablesanddirectionsfromtheirlocalgovernments.Theyareadvisedtofollowthetimetablesanddirectionswhentheythrowawayrubbish.InAustralia,everyfamilyisprovidedwiththreerubbishbins—theredlid(盖子)binfor“generalwaste”likefoodandplasticbags,theyellowlidbinfor“recycling”likesteelandglass,andthegreenlidbinfor“greenwaste”suchasgrassandleaves.Onthestreets,thebinsareprintedwithpicturesofthethingsthatareallowedinside.Itmakesrecyclingquiteeasy.15．WhatwilllocalpeopleprobablygetiftheyputdailyrubbishintothenewsysteminFangchengyuanCommunity?A．Acomputer. B．Acar.C．Alotofmoney.D．Somesmallgifts.16．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequence(后果)ofburyingrubbish?A．Pollutingsoil. B．Pollutingwater.C．Takingupalotofland. D．Savingresources.17．Whichparagraphdiscussestheeconomicbenefitsofrubbishsorting?A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph4.C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph6.18．InAustralia,whichbinshouldyouputfoodleftafterdinnerin?A．Theredlidbin. B．Theyellowlidbin.C．Thegreenlidbin. D．Theblacklidbin.19．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．InAustralia,thegreenlidbinisusedforallkindsofrecyclable(可回收的)wastes.B．InJapan,allkindsofthingsforrecyclingareprintedonrubbishbins.C．Japanesepeoplecannotthrowabottleintoabinunlesstheymoveawaythewrapperfirst.D．Australianpeoplehavetoobeylocaltimetablesanddirectionstothrowawayrubbishstrictly.15．D16．D17．C18．A19．C【分析】文章介绍了北京的一些社区的新型垃圾分类系统，同时，介绍了日本和澳大利亚的垃圾分类方法。15．细节理解题。根据“Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointstoexchangeforsmallgiftsandevensomemoney”可知，如果当地人把日常垃圾放入新型垃圾分类系统中，他们可能会得到奖励积分，以换取小礼物，甚至一些钱。故选D。16．细节理解题。根据“Landfillstakeupalotoflandandhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwaternearby.”可知，填埋场占用大量土地，污染土壤和水，燃烧垃圾产生有害气体，D项不是填埋垃圾的后果。故选D。17．段落大意题。根据“What’smore,rubbishsortingsavesresources,whichcouldbringeconomicbenefits,forexample,atonofwastepapercanbereusedtomakeabout850kgofpaper,saving17treesand50percentofwater.Becauseoftheirbenefits,somecountrieshavedevelopedsuccessfulsortingsystems.”可知，第五段主要是介绍垃圾分类之后带来的好处。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据“InAustralia,everyfamilyisprovidedwiththreerubbishbins—theredlidbinfor‘generalwaste’likefoodandplasticbags”可知，食物应放在红色盖子的垃圾桶里。故选A。19．推理判断题。根据“Japanhasastrictanddetailedsystem.Whenpeoplethrowawayawaterbottle,thecap,thewrapperandthebottleitselfhavetogointothreedifferentbins.”可知，日本人不能把瓶子扔进垃圾桶，除非他们先把包装纸拿走，C项正确。故选C。Passage5（2021·广东龙湖·一模）WastesortingisaproblemaroundKindsofwasteinclude:1.Recyclablewaste:paper,metal,glassandotherthingsthatcanbereused.2.Harmfulwaste:thingslikemedicine,batteries.3.Wetwaste:thingsthatyoudon’twantbutpigseat,alsocalledhouseholdwaste.4.Drywaste:thingsthataren’twet,recyclableorharmfulwaste.Afewwaystohelpyousortwaste1.Plasticbagscan’tberecycled.Plasticbagsmaycausealotofproblemsintherecyclingprocess.Ifyouhaveplasticbags,youshouldputtheminthedrywastebin.2.Plasticbottleswithcapsoncanberecycled.Withthenewrecyclingequipment,thiskindofbottleswillgointotherecyclablewastebin.However,thebottlesfilledwithairusuallytakeupmoretransportspace.Therefore,youhadbettersqueeze(挤压)theairoutofthebottlesbeforeyourecyclethem.3.Pizzaboxescan’tberecycled.Althoughcardboarditselfisrecyclable,pizzaboxesarenot.Why?Itisduetotheoil.Theoilontheboxesmakesthepapernon-recyclable.20．Howmanykindsofwastearementionedinthepassage?A．1 B．2 C．3 D．421．Drywastemeans________.A．paper,metal,glassandotherthingsthatcanbereusedB．allwasteexceptwet,recyclableorharmfulwasteC．thingsthatyoudon’twantbutpigscaneatD．thingslikemedicine,batteries22．Wemaysqueezetheairoutofthebottlesbeforewerecyclethembecause________.A．wehavenewrecyclingequipmentB．thebottlesfilledwithairtakeupmorespaceintransportC．plasticmaycausealotofproblemsD．thebottlesmakethecapsnon-recyclable23．Theunderlinedword“itself”inthepassageprefersto________.A．pizzaboxes B．cardboard C．theoil D．thepaper24．Thispassageisprobablyfroma________.A．magazine B．storybook C．novel D．dictionary20．D21．B22．B23．B24．A【分析】本文主要介绍了垃圾的四种分类以及做好垃圾分类的方法。20．推理判断题。根据“1.Recyclablewaste...2.Harmfulwaste...3.Wetwaste...4.Drywaste...”可知，文章提到了四种垃圾。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据“4.Drywaste:thingsthataren’twet,recyclableorharmfulwaste.”可知，干垃圾是不湿的、可回收的或有害的垃圾。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据“However,thebottlesfilledwithairusuallytakeupmoretransportspace.”可知，装满空气的瓶子通常会占用更多的运输空间。故选B。23．推理判断题。根据“Althoughcardboarditselfisrecyclable,pizzaboxesarenot.”可知，尽管纸板本身是可回收的，比萨饼盒却不是，此处的“itself”指的是纸板。故选B。24．推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文与垃圾分类有关，可推知可能会在杂志上看到。故选A。Passage6（2021·广西·南宁市天桃实验学校三模）WhenShanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy(垃圾分类政策)inJuly2019,peopletooksometimetogetusedtoit.Theyjokedthateverytimetheytookouttheirgarbage,theworkerstandingbythebinswouldask,“Whatkindofgarbageareyou?”StartingonMay1,BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarbage-sortingpolicy,People’sDailyreported.Peopleshouldsorttheirgarbageintofourgroups:kitchen,recyclable,harmfulandotherwaste.Thesegroupsstandforfourdifferentcolorsoftrashbins(垃圾桶)—green,blue,redandgray.Thosewhofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymaybepunishedbypayingfor200yuan,Xinhuareported.SomecitieslikeShanghaiandQingdaosorttheirtrashdifferently.Thesecitiesusefourdifferentgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Althoughtheirnamesaredifferent,thegroupsareactuallythesame.Infact,wetgarbageinShanghaiiskitchengarbageinBeijing.Anddrygarbageisthesameasotherwaste.Tohelppeoplesorttheirtrashcorrectly,theBeijinggovernmentisofferingonlineguidelines(指导).Ifpeopledon’tknowhowtothrowawaygarbage,theycansearchforitontheWeChataccountGuanchenglishi(管城理市)tofindout.Bysearchingakeywordortakingaphoto,peoplecanimmediatelyfindoutwhichgrouptheirwastebelongsto.根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。25．Whatwillhappenifpeopledon’tfollowthegarbage-sortingpolicy?A．Theywon’tbenoticed. B．Theywillhavetostandbythebins.C．Theywon’tbeallowedtothrowtrashaway. D．Theyshouldpaysomemoneyfortheirmistakes.26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcitieshavethesamenamesforgarbagegroups?A．BeijingandShanghai. B．BeijingandQingdao. C．ShanghaiandQingdao. D．QingdaoandWuhan.27．WhichofthefollowinggarbagegroupinShanghaiisthesameaskitchengarbageinBeijing?A．wetgarbage. B．drygarbage. C．recyclablegarbage. D．harmfulgarbage.28．Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Sports. B．Environment. C．Education. D．Culture.29．Whatdoweknowfromthisstory?A．PeopleinBeijingaretroubledbygarbage-sortingpolicy. B．Garbage-sortingpolicyisbeingcarriedoutalloverChina.C．GuanchenglishicanhelppeopleinBeijingwiththegarbage-sorting. D．Beijingusesfourdifferentgroups:kitchen,recyclable,harmfulanddry.25．D26．C27．A28．B29．C【分析】文章讲述上海以及北京等地的垃圾分类政策、垃圾如何分类以及不按照政策实行将受到的惩罚，政府为了帮助居民正确的垃圾分类而采取的网上指导措施。25．细节理解题。根据“Thosewhofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymaybepunishedbypayingfor200yuan,Xinhuareported.”可知，没有按照垃圾分类的政策扔垃圾可能被罚款。故选D。26．细节理解题。根据“SomecitieslikeShanghaiandQingdaosorttheirtrashdifferently.Thesecitiesusefourdifferentgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Althoughtheirnamesaredifferent,thegroupsareactuallythesame.”可知，上海和青岛在垃圾分类的分组名字上是相同的。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据“Infact,wetgarbageinShanghaiiskitchengarbageinBeijing.”可知，北京的厨房垃圾就相当于上海的湿垃圾。故选A。28．推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍垃圾分类的一些情况，应该是在报纸的环境部分能看到，故选B。29．推理判断题。根据“Ifpeopledon’tknowhowtothrowawaygarbage,theycansearchforitontheWeChataccountGuanchenglishi(管城理市)tofindout.Bysearchingakeywordortakingaphoto,peoplecanimmediatelyfindoutwhichgrouptheirwastebelongsto.”可知，管城理市可以帮助人们找到怎样扔垃圾，故选C。Passage7（2021·广东潮南·一模）It’snotWASTEuntilitisWASTED!WiththeWorldEnvironmentDaycoming,ourschoolisnowrequiringeverystudenttoformahabitofsortingthewaste.Hereinourschoolyardwelayfourdifferentcolorsofrubbishbinsfordifferentkindsofrubbish.Theredisforharmfulwaste;theblueisforwastethatcanberecycled;thegreenisforkitchenwaste;theyellowisforotherwaste.Thefollowingsaresomeinstructionsforyou.Glass:Emptybottleswithoutcapscanberecycledtomakenewglassbottles.Warning:Mirrorsandlightbulbs(电灯泡)mustnotbeincludedintheglasswaste.Paper:Newspapers,magazines,boxesmustbecleanenoughtoberecycled.Warning:Papertissues(餐纸)andwallpaperarenotrecyclableaspaperandshouldbekeptseparately.PMDwaste:PackagingmadeofPlasticorMetalandDrinkboxesareusedtomakenewpackaging.Warning:Plasticpots(e.g.yogurtpots),plasticbagsmustnotbeincludedwiththePMDwaste.Harmfulwaste:out-of-datedrugs,usedbatteries(电池),paintandoil…Besides,ifyoudon’tneedyouroldbikesatall,ourschoolvolunteerswillcollectthem.We’regoingtofixthemupandthengivethemawaytokidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneyforabike.Tofindoutmoreaboutrecycling,youcanvisitourschoolwebsite.30．Accordingtothepassage,________differentcolorsofrubbishbinsarelaidintheschoolyard.A．6 B．4 C．7 D．531．Thefishbones(骨)shouldbethrowninthe________bin.A．green B．red C．yellow D．blue32．Fromthepassage,wecanseethat________areharmfultotheenvironment.A．papertissues B．emptybottles C．out-of-datedrugs D．drinkboxes33．Ifyougiveyouroldbiketothevolunteers,itwillbe________.A．soldtocollectmoneyforthepoorkidsB．fixedupandgivenbacktoyouforfreeC．givenawayimmediatelytothepoorkidsD．fixedupandgivenawaytothepoorkids34．Themainpurposeofthispassageis________.A．tolookforvolunteersforwastesortingB．toadvertiseglass,paperandplasticproductsC．tointroducetheWorldEnvironmentDayD．tointroducewastesortingtothestudents30．B31．A32．C33．D34．D【分析】本文介绍了垃圾分类的基本要求和方法。30．细节理解题。根据“Hereinourschoolyardwelayfourdifferentcolorsofrubbishbinsfordifferentkindsofrubbish.”可知，在我们的校园里，我们放置了四种不同颜色的垃圾箱。故选B。31．推理判断题。根据“thegreenisforkitchenwaste;”可知，厨房垃圾应放进绿色垃圾箱，鱼骨是厨房垃圾，因此应放进绿色垃圾箱，故选A。32．细节理解题。根据“Harmfulwaste:out-of-datedrugs,usedbatteries(电池),paintandoil…”可知，过期的药是有害垃圾，故选C。33．推理判断题。根据“Besides,ifyoudon’tneedyouroldbikesatall,ourschoolvolunteerswillcollectthem.We’regoingtofixthemupandthengivethemawaytokidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneyforabike.”可知，如果你把你的旧自行车送给志愿者，它将被修好，然后送给贫穷的孩子们。故选D。34．推理判断题。根据“WiththeWorldEnvironmentDaycoming,ourschoolisnowrequiringeverystudenttoformahabitofsortingthewaste.”和“Thefollowingsaresomeinstructionsforyou.”可知，本文的主要目的是向学生介绍垃圾分类，故选D。Passage8（2020·山东·济宁学院附属中学三模）IfyouliveinShanghai,youmighthavetakena“lesson”insorting(分类)garbage,asthecityintroducednewgarbage-sortingregulations(规章)onJuly1,2019.AsChina’sfirstcitytocarryoutstrictregulationsongarbagesortingandrecycling,Shanghairequiresitsresidents(居民)tosortgarbageintofourcategories(类别),namelyrecyclable,harmful,dryandwetwaste.Ifpeoplefailtosorttheirgarbageproperly,theycanbefinedupto200yuan.Sincetheregulationtookeffect,theamountoftotaldailywasteinShanghaihasbeenreduced(减少)byanaverage(平均)of15,500tons,dropping26%fromtheendof2018,whiletheaveragedailyweightofrecyclableshits4,500tons,fivetimeshigherthantheendof2018,accordingtotheShanghaiLandscapingandCityAppearanceAdministrativeBureau.Thecityalsorebuilt21,000waste-sortingstationsandmorethan40,000wastebinshavebeenupdated(更新).Thecity’swastecollectionandtranspo