2022中考热点题型归纳与变式练 专题01 名词（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE82022中考热点题型归纳与变式练专题01名词【题型一】可数名词单复数的变化【典例分析】1．（2021·中考真题）All________receivedfreshflowersonWomen’sDay.A．womanteacher B．womanteachers C．womenteachers D．womenteacher2．（2021·中考真题）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome________onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps3．（2021·中考真题）Insummer,therearelotsof________(visit)inTibet.4．（2021·中考真题）Nomatterwhat________(困难)wemeet,weshouldtrytofacetheminsteadofrunningawayfromthem.5．（2021·中考真题）PeoplewhofightagainstCOVID-19（新型冠状病毒）areall________（英雄）inmyheart.【提分秘籍】1.可数名词变复数的规则变化变化规则示例一般情况下,在名词后直接加-sorange-oranges橘子bag---bags袋，包以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es.box---boxes盒，箱beach-beaches海滩,沙滩wish---wishes希望,愿望bus--buses公共汽车以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i再加es.story-stories故事，小说family-families家庭以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es。tomato-tomatoes西红柿hero--heroes英雄,男主角以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-s。zoozoos动物园kangaroo--kangaroos袋鼠.以-f或fe结尾的名词，大多数情况下先将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。knife-knives刀leaf--leaves叶,叶子2.可数名词变复数的不规则变化单数复数汉语意思footfeet脚toothteeth牙齿goosegeese鹅manmen男人childchildren儿童，小孩oxoxen公牛单复数同形的名词fish鱼sheep羊deer鹿series系列species种类means方式,方法“某国人”的复数形式aChinese---twoChinese两个中国人anEnglishmanthreeEnglishmen3个英国人aGerman---fiveGermans5个德国人3.复合名词的复数形式规则示例复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复教;如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变成复数。looker-on--lookers-on旁观者grown-upgrown-ups成年人由man成woman构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。amanteacher--threementeachers3个男教师4.特殊的可数名词的复数形式规则示例有些名词经常或只能用复数形式，不能被具体的数词修饰。若表达具体数目，要借助量词par(对，双)，suit(套)等。glasses眼镜--apairofgasses一副眼镜集体名词以单数形式出现,但表示复数意义。其前不能用具体的数词修饰,只能加the，表示“全体”thepolice警察thecattle牛thepeople人们【对点变式练】1．Ihavetwo________inmypencilbox.A．knife B．knifes C．knives D．aknife2．Therearethree______inthecompany（公司）.Theyareall______.A．worker;German B．workers;Germen C．workers;Germans3．Youare______toplanttreesonboth_____oftheroad,notonlyoneside.A．supposed;side B．supposing;sideC．supposed;sides D．supposing;sides4．Theareplayinggameswiththeirontheplayground.A．child;womanteachers B．child;womenteachersC．children;womenteachers D．children;womanteachers5．Wouldyouliketotalkwith?A．German B．Germans C．Germen D．Germens6．Therearelotsof_________onthehill.A．horse B．duck C．sheep D．fish7．Thepairofontheleftmadeofwool.A．glove;is B．gloves;are C．glove;are D．gloves;is8．TheyarefromCanada.Theyare_________________(Canada).9．YuanLongpingisoneofthegreatest

________(science)inChina.10．Atpresent,Nanjingisworkinghardtoimprovemanypublic________(serve).11．Theretiredpilotenjoystelling_______abouthiscareertothestudents.(story)12．Suddenly,alotof________(leaf)wereblownintothehouse.【题型二】不可数名词的用法【典例分析】1．Bequiet!Don’tmakesomuch________.Thebabyissleeping.A．noise B．noises C．sounds D．voice2．Mrs.Jennygaveus________onhowtoleanEnglishwell.A．someadvicesB．SuggestionC．apieceofadviceD．apieceofsuggestion3．Pleasegiveme________aboutthetraintoHongKong.A．afewinformations B．alittleinformationsC．afewinformation D．alittleinformation4．I’mafraidyouwillfinditimpossibletogetontheplanewith______.A．threeluggages B．threepiecesofluggageC．threepiecesofluggages D．somanyluggages【提分秘籍】不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an,也无复数形式。1.中考中常见的不可数名词rice大米news新闻bread面包information信息milk牛奶beef牛肉food食物orange橙汁work工作fun乐趣advice建议homework家庭作业trouble麻烦time时间weather天气furniture家具2.不可数名词的数量表达不可数名词在表达数量关系时，可借助表示数量单位的短语修饰。abottleoforangejuice1瓶橙汁fivebagsofrice5袋大米【对点变式练】1．Thegovernmenthasmadesome_________inenvironmentprotection.A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress2．Doyouwanttohave________?A．twocupsoftea B．teas C．twocupoftea3．Onecanonlymake________whenhethinksbig,andmoveforwardwhenhelooksfar.A．progress B．aprogress C．progresses4．Whenspringcomes,thereisalwaysmuch______inHangzhou.A．rain B．rains C．rainy D．raining5．﹣Hello，Lucy，pleasegivemesome____onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!﹣You'dbetterkeep___moreEnglishbooks．A．advices；read B．advice；readC．advice；reading D．advices；reading6．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem________?A．somebottlesofwaters B．somebottlesofwaterC．somebottleofwater D．somebottleofwaters7．--Tina,whatdoyouoftenhaveforbreakfast?--Iusuallyeat______anddrinksomemilk.A．twobreads B．twopieceofbreads C．twopiecesofbread8．—It’stoohot!Let’shavesome________todrink.—Goodidea.A．eggs B．milks C．bread D．water【题型三】名词所有格【典例分析】1．Kateplanstoworkforthecommunitywithsomeclassmatesof________thissummer.A．she B．her C．herself D．hers2．—Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestbusstop?—Godownthisroad.It'sabout_________walk.A．fiveminute’s B．fiveminutes’ C．five—minutes3．Theyhaveevenaskedthegovernment______lawstostopthe______ofsharkfins.A．develop;sale B．develop;selling C．develop;tosale D．todevelop:sale4．It’snotmyblouse.Itmaybe_______________.A．someoneelse B．someoneelse’s C．elsesomeone D．someone’selse5．—Wheredidyougoon______Day?—Nowhere.Ijuststudiedathome.A．Child B．ChildrenC．Children’s D．Childrens’【提分秘籍】名词所有格表示名词之间的所有或所属关系。规则示例-’s所有格表示有生命的名词的所有格-般在其词尾加-’s,以-s或-es结尾的名词只加-’。mycousin'sclothes我表弟的衣服students'books学生们的书表示时间、距离、度量街、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命事物的名词,也可以加-'s或者-’构成所有格。today'snewspaper今天的报纸twohours'ride两个小时的车程两人或多人共有某物时，只在最后一个名词后加-'s;如果该物为各自所有，则各个名词后都要加-'s。LucyandLily'sbedroom露西和莉莉(共同)的房间Lucy'sandLily'sbedrooms露西和莉莉(各自)的房间为了避免重复，可单独使用一's所有格,其作用在句中相当于名词。Whosepenisthis?IsitTony's?这是谁的钢笔?它是托尼的吗?of所有格表示无生命东西的所有关系,of所有格由“of+名词/代词”构成。We'llmetatthegateoftheschool，我们将在学校门口见面。.双重所有格双重所有格的构成有两种形式:一种是“of+-'s所有格”，另一种是“of+名词性物主代词"。apictureofLily’s莉莉(拥有)的一张照片afiendofhers她的一个朋友【对点变式练】1．Morethan60percentofChineseteenagersdon’tget________sleepadayandhomeworkisthoughttobethekeyreason.A．eight-hours B．eighthour’s C．eighthour D．eighthours’2．—Whoisthegirlsingingnow?Iseemtohaveseenherbefore.—Sheisafriendof_____.A．I B．mine C．my D．myself3．—________isyourhomefromthelibrary?—Itisaboutfifteen________walk.A．Howlong;minutes’ B．Howfar:minutesC．Howlong;minute’s D．Howfar;minutes’4．Thisbedroomismine.Thatbedroomis________.A．Jim’sandTom’s B．Jim’sandTom C．JimandTom’s D．JimandTom5．Ihearwewillhavea______holidayin______.A．twoday's；twoday'stime B．two-day；twoday'stimeC．two-day；twodays'time D．twodays；two-daytime6．Italkedwithafriendof________onlineforalongtimelastnight.A．me B．my C．mine D．myself7．Ican’trememberwhen________is.A．Teacher’sDay B．Womens’day C．Father’sDay D．May’sDay8．________motherscan’tgotothemeetingbecausetheyhavegonetoNewYorkonbusiness.A．Alice’sandLily’s B．AliceandLily’s C．Alice’sandLily D．AliceandLily9．—Dave,didyouhavefunattheNewYear'sParty?—Sure!Iwillneverforgeteachwonderfulmemoryof________.A．we B．us C．our D．ours10．Tomhastriedeverypossiblewaytosolvetheproblembecausehedoesn’twanttoreceive________help.A．anybodyelse’s B．somebodyelse’s C．otheranybody’s1．（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Lisa,couldyouhelpmebuysome________onyourwayhome?—Ok,mom.A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato2．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher3．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasegiveme________aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A．afewinformations B．alittleinformations C．alittleinformation D．afewinformation4．（2021·重庆·中考真题）Therearemany________teachersinthisprimaryschool.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s5．（2021·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Weseesome________risingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones6．（2021·青海西宁·中考真题）—Whatacleanandtidyroom!—Yes.It’s________room.A．TinaandNina’s B．Tina’sandNinaC．TinaandNina D．Tina’sandNina’s7．（2021·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?—It’s________.A．JackandPeter’s B．Jack’sandPeter’s C．Jack’sandPeter D．JackandPeter8．（2021·贵州贵阳·中考真题）ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows_________lovefortheirchildren.A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’9．（2021·重庆·中考真题）June1stis________Day.A．Children B．Children’s C．Child D．Child’s10．（2021·湖南常德·中考真题）Look,the________(child)arehavingagoodtimeflyingkitesinthepark.11．（2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）These________(fisherman)homesarenolongerintheboatsbecauseofthegovernment’snofishinglawonYangtzeRiver