陕西省宝鸡市2024届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）（三模）英语试题

陕西省宝鸡市2024届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）（三模）英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatime-honoredtraditionforstudentsofallagesacrossWashingtonstate.Ourhands-onexhibits,shows,andinnovativeprogramsignitestudents'curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationtoenhanceyourcurriculumandsparkalifelonginterestinscience,math,engineering,andtechnology.InadditiontoGeneralAdmission,PacScioffersextraexperiencestoenhanceyourlearningandsupportyourcurriculum,including:DocumentaryIMAXMovies:Duringtheschoolyear,weofferTeacher'sChoicewhereteacherscanbookoneoftwoopendocumentaryslots,ifyourschoolisthefirsttobook.EmailourSchoolGroupsteamforacompletelistofdocumentaries.DaytimeLaserShow:BedazzledbyaDaytimeLaserShowinourLaserDome.Packedwith10,000wattsofconcertsound,experienceaone-of-a-kindshowononeofthelargestgeocentricdomesdedicatedtolasers!PlanetariumShow:Enjoyalive,immersivepresentationintheWillardSmithPlanetarium.Blastofftotheuniverse'souterreachesorexploretheplanetsinoursolarsystem.Thereisalwayssomethingdifferenttoexperience!Seatingislimitedto36studentsandfourchaperones（监护人）.PricingBelowisapricingtableforourfieldtrip.Add-OnExperienceTicketTypeRatePerPersonIMAXFieldTripStudent$4LaserFieldTripStudent$10PlanetariumFieldTripStudent$6FieldTripExtraChaperone$17.951．WhatisspecialaboutPacificScienceCenterA．Ithasafascinatingcollectionofartexhibits.B．Itprovidesstudentsachanceforancienttechnology.C．Itisonlyopentopublicandprivateschools.D．Itisaplacewherestudentscanlearnaboutscience.2．Ifyouareinterestedinspaceexploration,whichexperiencewillyouprefer?A．DocumentaryIMAXMovies. B．DaytimeLaserShow.C．PlanetariumShow. D．GeneralAdmission.3．HowmuchwilltheypayifIahaperoneand10studentswatahanIMAXmovie?A．$40. B．$57.95. C．$77.95. D．$117.95.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。JamesonLobb,a24-year-oldinvestmentbankerfromToronto,wasjustoneweekintohisnewjobonWallStreet.Overthepastmonth,he'dbeensettlingintotheNewYorkCityapartmenthewassharingwithhiscollegebuddy,anartificialintelligenceengineernamedRaphaelJafri.Now,onOct.4,2021,thetwoweresqueezinginalunchtimeworkoutonPier（码头）15.overlookingtheEastRiver,whenLobbfroze."Somebody'sinthewater,"hesaid.BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobbclimbedovertherailattheedgeofthepierandleapedintothecold,pollutedwaterwithouttakingthetimetoremovehisshoes.Jafrididn'tneedtoseethevictim.MaybeLobbsawsomeoneinthewaterwhoneedsourhelp,hethought.Ormaybeit'sLobbwhoneedsmyhelp.Eitherway,I'mgoingin.Hetookoffhisshoesandswan-dived.Approachingtheunconsciousvictim,Lobbsawthatitwasamiddle-agedman.WhenatlasttheyreachedPier15,theyfacedanewuncertainty.How-togetout?Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver（救生圈）,whichtheythrewtoJafriandLobb.Withthetwomenpushingfrombelowandthecrowdpullingfromabove,theman'sdanglingbodyslowlyroseuntilhelpinghandspulledhimontothepier.Fromthemetalbeam梁）,Lobbclimbedupontothepier,butJafriremainedinthewaterafewminutesmore,untilhewasrescuedbytheCoastGuard.Bothmen,Jafninparticular,thoroughlyexhaustedfrom15-plusminutesinthewaterandbleedingfromnumerousbarnaclecuts,watchedasrescueworkersloadedthenearlydrownedmanintoanambulanceanddroveaway.Inplaceofthatknowledge,theyhaveastorytheygettotellnow,anotherexperiencethathasfurtherenhancedtheirbond.Lotsofpeoplewereonthepiersthatday,yetonlythetwoofthemjumpedinthewater—because,theysay,theywerethefittestpeoplethereand,so,hadamoralresponsibility."IfIknowI'mcapable,"Lobbsays,"whywouldn'tIhelp?"Jafriadds,laughing,"Peoplealwayssay‘Ifyourfriendjumpsoffacliff,areyoujumping?'IthinkIansweredthatone."4．WhichoffollowingbestdescribeJamesonLobbasapasser-by?A．Smartandthoughtful. B．Caringandfearless.C．Kindandexperienced. D．Devotedandbrave.5．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theknowledgeaboutfirstaid.B．Thewaytorescuethedrowned.C．Theprocessofsavingastranger.D．Thevalueofpeople'spullingtogether.6．WhywasJafrileftaloneinthewateraftertherescue?A．HemeanttogainCoastGuard'shelp.B．Hewasfoundunconsciousandbleeding.C．Hefailedtoclimbupontothepier.D．Hewasinworsecondition.7．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext?A．Unsungheroesdeserveourrespect.B．Dangerisnextneighbourtosecurity.C．Timelyrescuealwayscomesfirst.D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ashadowyfiguresitsaloneinaroom,hisfacedimlylitbyacomputerscreen.Withagrin,hetypesinaseriesofcomputercommands,andintheblinkofaneye,someone'sbankaccountisdrainedtozero.Intoday'sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.However,notallhackersarevillains.Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethicalhackers,areindividualswhomakethemostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities（漏洞）inhardware,softwareandnetworks.Theirjobiscrucialinpreventingcyberattacksandsafeguardingsensitiveinformation.Theterm"whitehat"originatedfromoldcowboymovies,whereheroesworewhitehatsandvillainsworeblackones.Liketheheroesincowboymovies,whitehatsseektostopthebadguysandsavetheday.Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-sourcesoftwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.Oncetheseweakspotsareidentified,companiesorindividualscantakestepstopreventseriousbreachesandlosses.Whitehathackersuseavarietyofdifferenttechniquestokeeptheinternetsafe.Penetrationtesting,forexample,allowsthemtomimiccyberattacksanduncoversystemweaknesses.Securityscanningtoolsallowwhitehatstoidentifyholesinanetwork'ssecuritysystems.Simulatingdenial-of-serviceattacks（DoSattacks）helpscompaniesprepareforattacksagainsttheirwebsites.Manyoftheworld'stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.Thisnotorioushackeronceheldthetitleof"mostwantedhacker"intheU.S.duetohiscybercriminalactivitiesin1995.However,afterbeingarrestedandspendingfiveyearsinjail,hislifetookaremarkableturn.Mitnickdecidedtousehishackingskillsforethicalpurposes,eventuallyestablishinghisowncybersecurityconsultingcompany.Ifyouaspiretobeawhitehathacker,startbybuildingastrongfoundationincomputerandnetworkfundamentals.Goodluck,computercowboy!8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"villains"inParagraph2mean?A．evil-doers. B．heroes. C．attackers. D．victims.9．Whatcanwelearnaboutwhitehathackers?A．Theywearwhitehatsincowboymovies.B．Theydoeverythingtosafeguardpeople'sinformation.C．Theylegallyusetheirprofessionalskillstohelppeople.D．Theyfindvulnerabilitiesforpersonalgainwithoutdoingharm.10．Peopleskilledincomputerandnetworkcan'tbetopwhitehathackersunless____.A．theyobeythelawB．theyidentifysecurityweakpointsC．theytakemeasurestostopseriouslossesD．theybuildtheirowncybersecurityconsultingcompanies11．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toteachushowtostaysecureonline.B．Totellushowtobetopwhitehackers.C．Towarnusofthedangersofcyberattacks.D．Tointroducedefendersofthedigitalworld.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。EuropeanwildcatscouldbereintroducedtoEnglandmorethan200yearsaftertheybecameextinctinthecountry.TheprojecthasbeenannouncedbyUKwildlifecharityWildwoodTrust.EuropeanwildcatsareoneoftheUK'srarestmammals.Theonlywildpopulation,numberingfewerthan300individuals,livesintheScottishHighlandsbuttheyareonthevergeofextinction,partlybecausetheyhavebredwithlocalferalcats（wild-livingdomesticcats）.SupportershopetosavethespeciesintheUKbyreintroducingthemtoEnglandandWales,wheretheydiedoutaround200yearsagobecauseofhuntingandlossofhabitat.Tobringbacthespecies,WildwoodTrustisplanningtobuild10newbreedingfacilitiesontwosltesinKentandDevon.Kittensbredincaptivitybutawayfromhumanswillthenbereleasedintothewild.TheUniversityofExeterisresearchingplaceswheretheanimalscouldbereintroduced.Europeanwildcatsarearoundthesamesizeasalargedomesticcat,butatuptoeightkilogramstheyareslightlyadultheavier.Theyhaveatabby-likepatternwiththickblackstripesontheirbodiesandabushytailandliketoliveinforestsbutnearopengrassland.They'realsofamouslyshyandkeeptheirdistancefromhumans.LauraGardner,directorofconservationatWildwoodTrust,toldTheTimesnewspaperthatpeopleshouldnotbeworriedbythethoughtofwildcatsreturningtothewild."We'renottalkingaboutwolves,"shesaid.WildwoodTrustsaysthatitsprojectcanbenefitboththewildcatsandthehabitatswheretheylive.TheyareoneofthefewnativepredatorsleftintheUK,soahealthypopulationofwildcatscouldhelptocontrolthenumbersofanimalstheypreyon,suchasrabbitsandrodents.Bycompetingforthesamefoodasfoxes,theywillalsohelptoreducefoxnumbersandrestoreabalancetonature.12．Whatistheaimoftheproject?A．Tosavewildcatsfromdyingout.B．Toensurewildcats'goodhabitats.C．Toraisemoneytoprotectwildcats.D．Tobuildsomenewbreedingfacilities.13．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningLauraGardnerinparagraph4?A．Wildcatsareveryshyanimals.B．Wildcatsarenotasfierceaswolves.C．Europeanwildcatsareuniqueanimals.D．Wildcatscannotposeathreatforhumans.14．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Wildcatswillthreatenthenumberofotheranimals.B．Wildcatsanditshabitatswillbewellprotected.C．Wildcatscancontributetoecologicalbalance.D．WildcatsareoneofthefewpredatorsleftintheUK.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．WildwoodTrustAnnouncingaPlan.B．RareWildcatsMakingaComeback.C．ReintroducingWildcatsBenefitingUs.D．WildcatsDisappearingFromtheWorld.二、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtopreventstressfromturningintodepressionAfewyearsago,Ihadabaddayatwork.MybossandIdisagreedonamajorfinancialinvestmentandtheconversationescalated.16．AndItookthosecommentspersonally.Thegoodnewsisthattherearewaystopreventfeelingsofdiscomfortfromturningintodepression.ChangethesceneGooutside,gotothebathroom,callafriend,takeafewdeepbreaths.Ididn'trealizeIhaddonethisaftermyfightwithmyboss.17．Justnoticingthetreesandthebirdsaroundmegotmeoutofmyhead.Recountwhathappened18．Thiscanhelpdiscoverwhatisexactlygivingyoudepressionandrememberthedetailsyoumayhaveoverlookedthatcanaddtothesituation.Dothiswithafriend,afamilymember,atherapist,orevenyourself.Youcanalsotalkoutloudasyouwalkyourdog.NameyouremotionsAsyoudescribewhathappened,nameyouremotions.Forexample,insteadofsayingyousimplyfeel"bad,"maybeyouactuallyfeel"indifferent."Iturnedtoatherapisttohelpmeunpackmyfightwithmyboss.Shehelpedmerealizethatitwasn'tmybossortheargumentthatwasmakingmeupset,butthefeelingofbeingdismissedandmadetofeelsmall.19．.IdentifyyourcausesExaminewhatgivesyoudiscomfort.Forexample,ifyouhaveterribleroadrage,youmayhaveaconversationwithyourselfaboutit.Youmightaskyourself.WhyamIpronetobeingsoangryontheroad?IsitbecauseIaminarush?OrisitbecauseIhatesittingintraffic?20．Toavoidbeingrushed,maybeleavethehouseahalfhourearly.Toavoidtraffic,askyourbossifyoucanworkfromhomeacoupletimesaweek.Sonow,whenIfindmyselfinthiscircumstance,ItelltheotherpersonthatIneedtimeandspacetoconsidertheirfeedback.AndthatI'llcomebacktothemwhenI'mready.Thishelpsmefeelmoreincontrolofmyfeelings.AThen,findwaystoimprovethesituation.B.Gooveryoursituationagainandcreateanarrative.C.Thatallowedmetoseeadifferentperspectiveontheissue.D.Ihadtroublesleepingandfocusing,andIfeltlikeIwasonhighalert.ETheycriticizedmeandsaidthatIjustdidn'thaveenoughexperience.FWhenyouarenotfeelinggood,yourbodyistryingtotellyousomething.GAfterourargument,Ilefttheofficeimmediatelyandwentforalongwalk.三、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChusovitinaretiredfromherlegendarycareeraftercompetingatarecordeighthOlympicGames.Afterfailingto21．aspotinSunday'svaultfinal,the46-year-old,representingUzbekistan,wavedgoodbyetothesmall22．.BorninUzbekcapitalTashkentin1976,Chusovitina23．gymnasticsatage7.ShemadeherfirstOlympic24．atthe1992BarcelonaGames.Shethen25．Uzbekistan,latercompetedforGerman,but26．backtoUzbekistanin2013.WhenChusovitina's3-year-oldsonwas27．withleukemiain2002,shesoldher28．andusedanyprizemoneyearnedtopayforhismedical29．.HerswitchtoGerman30．wasmotivatedbythepromiseofahigherincomeandbetter31．care.Afterherson'srecovery,Chusovitinacontinuedtocompete,butthistimeitwasherloveof32．thatkepthergoing."Thereisno33．.Ijustlovegymnasticsandnooneever34．metocompete.Idosowith35．,"shesaid.Inasportrenownedforits36．champions,Chusovitinahasbecomeaglobalfan37．thankstoherpersistence.ShewasselectedintotheInternationalGymnasticsHallofFame,andwas38．theBestAthleteoftheDecade（2011-2020）inapublicvote.Shehas39．11medalsatmajorglobalchampionshipsandhasfiveeponymous（以主角/创作者命名的）gymnastics40．tohername.She'salegendaryathlete,agreatmother.21．A．show B．secure C．mark D．choose22．A．crowd B．judges C．athletes D．listeners23．A．putup B．madeup C．tookup D．setup24．A．expression B．impression C．contribution D．appearance25．A．left B．represented C．recognized D．confirmed26．A．reunited B．held C．took D．switched27．A．checkedB．diagnosedCconnectedC．treated28．A．packages B．purchases C．necessities D．possessions29．A．research B．conditions C．treatment D．record30．A．citizenship B．membership C．leadership D．relationship31．A．personal B．medical C．physical D．mental32．A．gymnastics B．medicine C．medals D．family33．A．benefit B．doubt C．secret D．way34．A．forced B．encouraged C．appointed D．allowed35．A．prize B．kindness C．pleasure D．sympathy36．A．competitive B．strong C．global D．youthful37．A．athlete B．favorite C．mother D．teacher38．A．named B．given C．shown D．offered39．A．arranged B．counted C．sold D．collected40．A．thoughts B．events C．skills D．habits四、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asthetea41．（distribute）andtradecenteroftheancientTeaHorseRoad,Pu'erCityisrecognizedastheoriginoftherenownedPu'erteaandteaculture.But42．islessknownisthatthecityisalsothe"coffeecapitalofChina"In2023,Pu'erproducedatotalof55,700tonsofcoffee,accounting43．over50%ofthenationalcoffeeproduction.The44．（city）coffeehistorycantracebackto1892whenaFrenchmissionaryplantedthefirstcoffeetreeinavillageinPu'er.By2023thecoffeeplantations45．（expand）to680,000、mu.ForthepeopleofPu'erteaandcoffeehaveevolvedmore46．justbeverages（饮料）——tneyareawayoflife.Thecity47．（dot）withteahousesandcoffeeshops,wherethearomasofthesetwobeveragesmingleintheair,offeringa48．(delight)fusionofancientandmodern,traditionandtrend,andEasternandWesterncultures.TeaandcoffeeplantationsinPu'ernotonlyenhancethelocalecologyandyieldhigh-qualityproducts,butalsoserveastourismresources.Inadditiontotea,49．（current）thereare13toptopcoffeefarmsinthecity.The"Xiao'aozicoffeefarm"isaninternet-famoustouristdestinationinPu'erwherevisitorscanpayjust60yuan50．（taste）ninedifferenttypesofcoffee,experiencecoffeebrewingandlearnaboutcoffeeprocessingtechniques.五、写作（共两节，满分35分）51．第一节短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Somethinginterested,happenedtomyparentsandme.IstayeduplateonSaturday'snight.sothenextmorningIdidn'twokeupuntilmyfathercalledmetogetupandplaythepiano.Withmyeyesclosing,Ibeggedtosleepmore.Myfatherhadnochoicesbuttoleavemybedroom.Soon,mymothercameinbutaskedmetogetuptoplayfootball.Iimmediatejumpedoutofmybed,dressedmyselfandranawaywithmyfootball.Ididn'tknowwhatmyfatherwouldfeelwhenhereturnedmybedroomandfoundIhadleft.六、第二节书面表达（满分25分）52．某英语报社正在举办主题为"MusicandMe"的征文比赛活动，请你写一篇英语短文参赛，内容包括：1）你爱上音乐的经历：2）音乐对你的影响。注意：1）词数100左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。MusicandMe

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了太平洋科学中心的实地考察的一些活动。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。1．细节理解题。根据AfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatime-honoredtraditionforstudentsofallagesacrossWashingtonstate.Ourhands-onexhibits,shows,andinnovativeprogramsignitestudents'curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationtoenhanceyourcurriculumandsparkalifelonginterestinscience,math,engineering,andtechnology.对华盛顿州所有年龄段的学生来说，太平洋科学中心的实地考察是一个历史悠久的传统。我们的动手展览、表演和创新项目在探索的一天中点燃学生对科学的好奇心，以增强您的课程，并激发对科学、数学、工程和技术的终身兴趣。可知太平洋科学中心是一个学生可以学习科学的地方；故答案为D。2．细节理解题。根据Enjoyalive,immersivepresentationintheWillardSmithPlanetarium.Blastofftotheuniverse'souterreachesorexploretheplanetsinoursolarsystem.在威拉德史密斯天文馆享受现场，身临其境的展示。发射到宇宙的外层空间或探索我们太阳系的行星。可知如果你对太空探索感兴趣，你会更喜欢天文馆；故答案为C。3．推理判断题。根据表格去IMAX每个学生需要$4，FieldTripExtraChaperone实地考察额外陪同每人$17.95，可知如果我和10个学生一起看一场IMAX电影，我们要付$4x10+$17.95=$57.95；故答案为B。【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过一个救人的感人故事强调了：患难见真情。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。4．推理判断题。根据"Somebody'sinthewater,"hesaid.BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobb

climbedovertherailattheedgeofthepierandleapedintothecold,pollutedwaterwithouttakingthetimetoremovehisshoes."有人落在水里了，"他说。在Jafri做出反应之前，詹姆斯·洛布爬过码头边上的栏杆，连鞋子都没脱就跳进了冰冷、被污染的水中。可知"有爱心，无所畏惧"最能描述詹姆斯·洛布作为一个路人；故答案为B。5．主旨大意题。根据Approachingtheunconsciousvictim,Lobbsawthatitwasamiddle-aged

man.WhenatlasttheyreachedPier15,theyfacedanewuncertainty.How-togetout?On

thepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver（救生圈）,whichtheythrewtoJafriandLobb.Withthetwomenpushingfrom

belowandthecrowdpullingfromabove,theman'sdanglingbodyslowlyroseuntilhelpinghandspulledhimontothepier.走近昏迷的受害者时，洛布发现那是一个中年男子。当他们终于到达15号码头时，他们面临着新的不确定因素。怎么救出去?码头上聚集了一群人。围观的人们从某处拿出一根绳子和一个救生圈，扔给了Jafri和Lobb。两个人从下面推着，人群从上面拉着，这名男子摇晃的身体慢慢上升，直到有人伸出援助之手把他拉上了码头。可知第四段主要讲的是拯救一个陌生人的过程；故答案为C。6．细节理解题。根据Fromthemetalbeam梁）,Lobbclimbedupontothepier,butJafri

remainedinthewaterafewminutesmore,untilhewasrescuedbytheCoastGuard.Bothmen,Jafninparticular,thoroughlyexhaustedfrom15-plusminutesinthewaterandbleeding

fromnumerousbarnaclecuts,watchedasrescueworkersloadedthenearlydrownedmanintoanambulanceanddroveaway.洛布从金属梁上(梁)爬上了码头，但贾夫里在水里又呆了几分钟，直到他被海岸警卫队救起。两个人，尤其是贾芬，在水里泡了15多分钟，浑身是血，浑身是藤壶的伤口，看着救援人员把这个差点淹死的人抬上救护车，然后开车离开。可知他救人是自己受伤了，他的情况很糟糕；故答案为D。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段"IfIknowI'mcapable,"Lobbsays,"whywouldn'tIhelp?"Jafriadds,

laughing,"Peoplealwayssay‘Ifyourfriendjumpsoffacliff,areyoujumping?'IthinkIansweredthatone.""如果我知道我有能力，"洛布说，"我为什么不帮忙呢?"Jafri笑着补充道:"人们总是说‘如果你的朋友跳下悬崖，你也在跳吗?'"我想我已经回答了这个问题。"可知作者通过这个故事想告诉我们：患难见真情；故答案为D。【答案】8．A9．C10．A11．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了数字世界的捍卫者：白帽黑客。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和词义猜测题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。8．词义猜测题。根据Intoday'sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesper

day.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.在当今的数字时代，这样的网络攻击每天都会发生数千次。黑客可以从世界任何地方窃取金钱、信息，或者完全控制一台机器。可知通常情况下黑客是作恶的人，villains的意思为：作恶者，恶人；故答案为A。9．推理判断题。根据Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethicalhackers,areindividualswhomake

themostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities（漏洞）inhardware,

softwareandnetworks.Theirjobiscrucialinpreventingcyberattacksandsafeguardingsensitiveinformation.一些黑客，被称为白帽黑客或道德黑客，是那些充分利用他们的黑客技能来识别硬件、软件和网络中的安全漏洞的个人。他们的工作在防止网络攻击和保护敏感信息方面至关重要。可知我们能从白帽黑客身上了解到他们合法地使用他们的专业技能来帮助人们；故答案为C。10．细节理解题。根据Manyoftheworld'stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthe

wrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.Thisnotorioushackeronceheldthetitleof"mostwantedhacker"intheU.S.duetohiscybercriminalactivitiesin1995.However,afterbeingarrestedandspendingfiveyearsinjail,hislifetookaremarkableturn.Mitnickdecidedtousehishackingskillsforethicalpurposes,eventuallyestablishinghisowncybersecurityconsultingcompany.世界上许多顶级的白帽黑客都是从违法开始他们的旅程的。一个典型的例子就是凯文·米特尼克。这名臭名昭著的黑客曾在1995年因其网络犯罪活动而获得美国"头号黑客"的称号。然而，在被捕入狱五年之后，他的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。米特尼克决定将他的黑客技能用于道德目的，最终建立了自己的网络安全咨询公司。可知精通计算机和网络的人如果他们不遵守法律，就不可能成为顶级白帽黑客；故答案为A。11．推理判断题。根据每段的主旨大意：第一段引入黑客攻击他人电脑。Ashadowyfiguresitsalonein

aroom,hisfacedimlylitbyacomputerscreen.Withagrin,hetypesinaseriesofcomputercommands,andintheblinkofaneye,someone'sbankaccountisdrainedtozero.一个模糊的身影独自坐在房间里，他的脸被电脑屏幕模糊地照亮。他咧嘴一笑，输入一系列电脑指令，一眨眼，某人的银行账户就被掏空了。第二段黑客里有好人。However,notallhackersarevillains.然而，并非所有黑客都是坏人。第三段白毛黑客维护网络安全。Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethical

hackers,areindividualswhomakethemostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities（漏洞）inhardware,softwareandnetworks.一些黑客，被称为白帽黑客或道德黑客，是那些充分利用他们的黑客技能来识别硬件、软件和网络中的安全漏洞的个人。第四段白帽黑客遵守法律。Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-source

softwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.白帽黑客只通过合法途径寻找漏洞，他们通常利用开源软件或获得系统访问权限。第五段违法的黑客经过改造成为了白帽黑客。Manyoftheworld's

topwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.世界上许多顶级的白帽黑客都是从违法开始他们的旅程的。第六段要成为白帽黑客必须要有扎实的计算机和网络知识技能。Ifyouaspiretobeawhitehathacker,startbybuilding

astrongfoundationincomputerandnetworkfundamentals.如果你渴望成为一名白帽黑客，首先要在计算机和网络基础方面打下坚实的基础。可知这篇文章主要介绍数字世界的捍卫者：白帽黑客；故答案为D。【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了英国将重新引入欧洲野猫。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据EuropeanwildcatscouldbereintroducedtoEnglandmorethan200years

aftertheybecameextinctinthecountry.TheprojecthasbeenannouncedbyUKwildlifecharityWildwoodTrust.欧洲野猫在英格兰灭绝200多年后，可能会被重新引入英国。该项目由英国野生动物慈善机构WildwoodTrust宣布。EuropeanwildcatsareoneoftheUK'srarestmammals.The

onlywildpopulation,numberingfewerthan300individuals,livesintheScottishHighlandsbuttheyareonthevergeofextinction,partlybecausetheyhavebredwithlocalferalcats（wild-livingdomesticcats）.欧洲野猫是英国最稀有的哺乳动物之一。唯一的野生种群，数量不到300只，生活在苏格兰高地，但它们正处于灭绝的边缘，部分原因是它们与当地的野猫（野生家猫）交配。可知这个项目为了拯救野猫免于灭绝；故答案为A。13．推理判断题。根据LauraGardner,directorofconservationatWildwoodTrust,toldTheTimes

newspaperthatpeopleshouldnotbeworriedbythethoughtofwildcatsreturningtothewild."We'renottalkingaboutwolves,"shesaid.怀尔德伍德信托基金会的保护主任劳拉·加德纳告诉《泰晤士报》，人们不应该为野猫回归野外的想法而担心。"我们说的不是狼，"她说。可知她的话表明野猫不会对人类构成威胁；故答案为D。14．推理判断题。根据TheyareoneofthefewnativepredatorsleftintheUK,soahealthy

populationofwildcatscouldhelptocontrolthenumbersofanimalstheypreyon,suchasrabbitsandrodents.Bycompetingforthesamefoodasfoxes,theywillalsohelptoreducefoxnumbersandrestoreabalancetonature.它们是英国为数不多的本土食肉动物之一，所以一个健康的野猫种群可以帮助控制它们捕食的动物的数量，比如兔子和啮齿动物。通过与狐狸争夺同样的食物，它们也将有助于减少狐狸的数量，恢复自然的平衡。可知野猫有助于生态平衡；故答案为C。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段EuropeanwildcatscouldbereintroducedtoEnglandmorethan200

yearsaftertheybecameextinctinthecountry..欧洲野猫在英格兰灭绝200多年后，可能会被重新引入英国。第三段Tobringbacthespecies,WildwoodTrustisplanningtobuild10new

breedingfacilitiesontwosltesinKentandDevon.为了让这一物种回归，怀尔德伍德信托基金会计划在肯特郡和德文郡的两块陆地上建造10个新的繁殖设施。可知本文最佳标题为：罕见的野猫将卷土重来；故答案为B。【答案】16．E；17．G；18．B；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何防止压力变成抑郁的方法。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。16．根据上文MybossandIdisagreedonamajorfinancialinvestmentandtheconversation

escalated.我和老板在一项重大的金融投资上意见不合，谈话升级了。以及下文AndItookthose

commentspersonally.我个人认为这些评论很重要。可知空白处需要补充他们对我的评论是什么；选项TheycriticizedmeandsaidthatIjustdidn'thaveenoughexperience.他们批评我说我只是没有足够的经验。符合题意；故答案为E。17．根据上文Ididn'trealizeIhaddonethisaftermyfightwithmyboss.在和老板吵了一架之后，我没有意识到我做了这件事。下文Justnoticingthetreesandthebirdsaroundmegotmeout

ofmyhead.看到周围的树和鸟，我就神游了。可知空白处需要补充作者吵完架后离开了当时的环境；选项Afterourargument,Ilefttheofficeimmediatelyandwentforalongwalk我们吵完架后，我立刻离开办公室，出去走了很长一段路。.符合题意；故答案为G。18．根据标题Recountwhathappened叙述发生了的事情。以及下文Thiscanhelpdiscoverwhatis

exactlygivingyoudepressionandrememberthedetailsyoumayhaveoverlookedthatcanaddtothesituation.这可以帮助你发现到底是什么让你抑郁，并记住你可能忽略的细节，这些细节可能会加剧你的抑郁。可知空白处需要主题句来什么具体怎么来叙述发生的事情；选项Gooveryour

situationagainandcreateanarrative.把你的情况再看一遍，然后形成一个记叙文。符合题意；故答案为B。19．根据上文Iturnedtoatherapisttohelpmeunpackmyfightwithmyboss.Shehelpedme

realizethatitwasn'tmybossortheargumentthatwasmakingmeupset,butthefeelingofbeingdismissedandmadetofeelsmall.我找了一位心理医生来帮我解决和老板之间的矛盾。她帮助我认识到，让我心烦的不是我的老板，也不是争吵，而是被解雇的