全国用高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Computers讲义新人教版必修

ComputersBook2Unit3晨背佳作积累素材话题词汇1.Internetn.网络2.screenn.屏幕3.electronicadj.电子的4.laptopn.手提电脑5.softwaren.软件6.datan.数据7.updaten.&vt.更新；(使)现代的8.downloadvt.下载9.virusn.病毒10.computergames电脑游戏11.surftheInternet上网12.shoponline网上购物话题佳作假如你是李华，你的笔友Jim最近沉溺于玩电脑游戏，为此你很担心。请根据下表提示给Jim写一封信，谈谈你的看法及建议。Jim过去功课好，积极参加学校的各项活动。Jim现在对学习没有兴趣，上课不专心，不按时交作业。你的看法也许玩电脑游戏能使你放松，但沉溺其中会占用学习时间……你的建议(至少发挥两点)佳作欣赏DearJim，Ireallyfeelworriedaboutyou.Youusedtodowellinyourlessonsandtakeanactivepartintheactivities，butnowyoutakenointerestinyourschoolworkanddon’tlistentoteacherscarefully.Also，youaresocrazyaboutcomputergamesthatyoucan’thandinyourhomeworkontime.Perhaps

playingcomputergamescanmakeyoufeelrelaxed，butifyouspendtoomuchtimeonit，youwillhavelesstimetostudy.Ihopeyoushouldachieveabalancebetweenyourschoolworkandyourhobbies.Whynotjoininsomeoutdooractivitieswhenyoufeelbored?

Yours，

LiHua名师点睛本文首先对Jim的过去和现在进行了对比，然后交代了沉溺于电脑游戏的危害，最后提出自己的建议：在学习和爱好之间要搞好平衡、多参加户外活动。总之，文章脉络清晰，叙述严谨。本文中使用了takeanactivepartin，takenointerestin，becrazyabout，ontime等亮点词汇及so...that...引导的结果状语从句、动名词短语作主语、条件状语从句、宾语从句、whynot＋动词原形、时间状语从句等高级句式。基础排查点拨要点语篇训练提升能力内容索引教材升华综合运用基础排查点拨要点A.写作必记单词1.solvevt.解决；解答(1)solutionn.解决；解答(2)Therearestillmanyproblems

(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.(2014·北京)2.personaladj.私人的；个人的；亲自的(1)

n.性格；人格

(2)

person亲自；本人重点单词1tobesolvedpersonalityin3.totaladj.总的；整个的；n.总数；合计(1)

adv.完全地；整个地(2)

total总计atotalof与thetotalof不同，前者意为“总数为……”，若用作主语，谓语动词通常用复数；后者意为“……的总数”，若用作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。用法点拨totallyin4.

adj.可移动的；机动的5.anyhowadv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此(1)somehow(＝someway)adv.

somewhatadv.

(2)Anyway，we’reherenow，solet’sgetdowntosomeseriouswork.

不管怎么样，我们现在在这里了，那么让我们开始认真工作吧。 (2014·江西)mobile以某种方式；不知怎么地稍微；有点6.

n.目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分7.signalvi.&vt.发信号；n.信号(1)Theguardseemstobesignaling

uswithhisarm.(填介词)(2)Thepolicemansignaledthedrivertocrosstheroad.

警察示意这位司机过马路。8.

n.类型；

vt.&vi.打字9.arisevi.出现；发生；站起arisefrom/outof...由……而引起；由……而产生goaltypetoarise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如：argument，problem，quarrel，question，movement等，多指不好的事情发生。用法点拨B.阅读识记单词10.calculatevt.____

n.计算器11.universaladj._______________________

n.宇宙12.simplifyvt.____simpleadj._______simplyadv.

计算calculator普遍的；通用的；宇宙的universe简化简单的简直；只；不过13.operatorn.

(1)

v.操作；手术

n.操作；经营；手术；行动(2)operate

对……动手术come/gointooperation实行；生效bring/putintooperation实施；使生效14.revolutionn._____15.intelligencen._________________intelligentadj._______________(电脑)操作员；接线员operateoperationon革命智力；聪明；智能智能的；聪明的16.realityn.

reality实际上；事实上17.applicationn._________________(1)applyv._________________applicantn.______________(2)applyoneself

专心于……18.explorevt.&vi._________________

n.探险家；勘探者

n.探索真实；事实；现实in应用；用途；申请运用；涉及；申请申请人；求职人to探索；探测；探究explorerexploration19.happinessn.___________20.downloadvt._____

v.上传21.coachn._____22.electronicadj.

electricityn.

幸福；快乐下载upload教练电子的电；电学23.appearancen._________________(1)

v.出现(2)

appearance外表上；看起来

one’sappearance登台；露面24.charactern.___________外观；外貌；出现appearinmake性格；特点1.

从……时起2.

结果Hewascareless.Asaresult，hedied.(同义句转换)→Hedied

hiscarelessness.→Hiscarelessness

hisdeath.→Hisdeath

hiscarelessness.高频短语2from...onasaresultasaresultofresultedinresultedfrom3.

独立地4.inaway在某种程度上(1)innoway决不(置于句首时句子用倒装)

theway挡路

theway在路上

wayof经由；途经(2)Youcansolvethisproblemonlyinthisway.(改为倒装句)→

inonbyOnlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.byoneself5.makeup组成；编造；弥补；占；化妆；和好[写出下列句子中makeup的汉语意思](1)SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNio，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.(2016·江苏)

(2)Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.

补偿占……(3)Thequarrelwasonlyaboutatrivialmatter，butitwasyearsbeforetheymadeitup.

(4)Itmaytakequitealongtimebeforeanactorisproperlymadeupforapart.

makeup作“组成；构成”解时，其被动形式为bemadeupof，而不是bemadeupby。用法点拨和好化妆6.

毕竟；终究7.

在……的帮助下

thefootof在……脚下

thedirection/leadership/command/protectionof

在……指导/领导/指挥/保护下8.dealwith处理；安排；对付[写出下列句子中dealwith的熟词生义](1)ForyearsIdealtwithmytravelagentonlybyphone.(2016·全国Ⅱ)

(2)Thisbookdealswitheducationalproblems.

afterallwiththehelpofatunder和……打交道论述表示“处理”、“对付”时，dealwith习惯上与how搭配，而dowith习惯上与what搭配。用法点拨9.

看守；监视watch

当心；小心keepawatch

监视；密切注视watchoverout(for)on1.Idevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyears

asananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.

我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一

台分析机。经典句式3beforeIwasbuilt2.

，Iwasmadesmaller.

随着时间的流逝，我被做得更小了。Astimewenton，ourknowledgebroadened.→

，ourknowledgebroadened.(改为含有with复合结构的简单句)→

，ourknowledgebroadened.(用独立主格结构改写)AstimewentbyWithtimegoingonTimegoingon3.Andmymemorybecame

evenIcouldn’tbelieveit!

我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！(1)Itwassuchacolddaythattherewasnobodyinthestreet.(用so...that...改写)

→Itwas

therewasnobodyinthestreet.(2)Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.(用so...that...改为倒装句)→

inpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.(3)Heissuchacleverboythatwealllikehim.(用as引导的定语从句改写)

→Heissocleveraboy

.solargethatsocoldadaythatSolowwillitbeaswealllike4.Afterall，withthehelpofmyelectronicbrain_________________

，

myintelligenceis

不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切！whichneverforgetsanythingusingwhatI’mallabout!教材升华综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空1.

historyofcomputerbeganinFrancein1642.Itwasfirstbuiltonlyasa2.

(calculate)machine，andlaterasananalyticalmachinethatcould“think”3.

(logic)andproduceananswerquicker4.

anyperson.Stilllater，the“universalmachine”wasbuilttosolvemathematicalproblems,5.

madethecomputerhuge！Astime6.

(go)by,thecomputerwasmadesmaller，quickerand7._______(clever).ThecalculatinglogicallythanwhichwentclevererTillnow，computershavebeenconnectedbynetworkand8._______

(bring)intocommonpeople’shomestodealwithinformationandhelpwithcommunication9.

peoplearoundtheworld.Since10.

birth，thecomputerhasalwaysbeendesignedtoservethehumanrace.broughtbetweenitsⅡ.教材与短文改错I’mpartinanandroidfootballteam.OnthefootballteamI’mastrikersoIhavetoabletorunveryfast.Mycomputerchipshelpmetomoveandthinkslikeahuman.MyfirstfootballcompetitionisinJapanseveralyearsago.Inthewayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.of∧bethinkwasaSheprogramsuswithallthepossiblymovesshehasseenwhileshewatchinghumangames.Iwouldreallyliketoplayagainstahumanteam，forIhavebeenprogrammedtoactjustlikethemselves.Afterall，withthehelpofmyelectronicbrainwhichneverforgetanything，usemyintelligenceiswhatI’mallabout!themforgetsusingpossible∧is或…whileshewatchinghumangames.Ⅲ.教材与微写作写作素材(关于机器人)1.杰克是一名工程师，想研制自己的机器人。2.它将具有人工智能并有人的外表。3.他不在家时，它能替他看守他的房子。4.帮他处理他的私事。5.他希望这会变为现实，在它的帮助下，生活会变得更便利。提示：加蓝部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，notonly...butalso...等连接词。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Jack，whoisanengineer，intendstodevelophisownandroidwithartificialintelligenceandhumanappearance.Itcannotonlywatchoverhishouseforhimincaseheisoutbutalsodealwithhispersonalaffairs.Hehopesitwillbecomearealityandwithitshelp，lifewillbemuchmoreconvenient.语篇训练提升能力Ⅰ.阅读理解Ⅱ.七选五Ⅲ.完形填空Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016·天津红桥区联考)Kidslovetheall­knowing

Google.YourkidslikelyuseGoogletohelpthemfindeverythingfrominformationforhomeworkassignments，tofunnycatvideos，andeverythinginbetween.Sometimeskidscantakea“wrongturn”onGoogleandendupinadarkpartoftheInternetwheretheyshouldn’tbe.Thankfully，Googlehassomeparentalcontrolfeaturesthatparentscanimplementtoatleasthelpreducethevolume(量)ofcrap(废物)thatendsupinsearchresults，whichcanenableyoutohelpkeepyourcuriouskidsfromendinguponthewrongsideofthetracks.WhatisGoogleSafeSearch？GoogleSafeSearchisoneoftheprimaryparentalcontroloptionsofferedbyGoogletohelpparentspolicesearchresults.SafeSearchhelpstofilterexplicit(明确的)contentoutofsearchresults.Itismainlydesignedtotargetsexuallyexplicitmaterial(imagesandvideos)andnotviolentcontent.HowtoenableGoogleSafeSearch？1.Fromthe“SearchSettings”preferencespage，placeacheckintheboxwiththelabel“Filterexplicitresults”.2.Tolockthissettingsothatyourchildcan’tchangeit，clickthe“LockSafeSearch”

link.IfyouarenotalreadyloggedintoyourGoogleaccount，youwillneedtodosoinordertolockSafeSearchtothe“on”position.EnableSafeSearchonmobiledevices.Inadditiontoyourcomputer，youwillprobablyalsowanttoenableSafeSearchonanymobiledevicethatyourchildusesregularly.ForinstructionsonhowtoenableSafeSearchonavarietyofmobiledevices，checkoutGoogle’sSafeSearchMobilesupportpage.Asweallknow，kidsaregoingtobekidsandtrytotesttheirboundaries.Weputuponeroadblockandtheygoaroundit.It’saconstantcatandmousegameandtherewillalwaysbesomeInternetdoorthatweasparentsforgettolock，andthatwillbetheonethatthekidsgetthrough，butwedothebestwecan.1.WhichofthefollowingarekidsNOTlikelytouseGoogletodo?A.Tofindinformationforhomeworkassignments.B.Tofindeverythingexceptinformationandfunnycatvideos.C.TofindfunnycatvideosontheInternet.D.Tofindeverythingbetweeninformationandfunnycatvideos.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“YourkidslikelyuseGoogletohelpthemfindeverythingfrominformationforhomeworkassignments，tofunnycatvideos，andeverythinginbetween.”可知，孩子很喜欢使用Google搜索各种信息，包括滑稽的猫的视频。故B项正确。√答案解析12342.Whatdoestheunderlined“options”inParagraph2mean?A.Judgments. B.Uses.C.Functions. D.Choices.词义猜测题。根据该划线词所在句“GoogleSafeSearchisoneoftheprimaryparentalcontroloptionsofferedbyGoogletohelpparentspolicesearchresults.”可知，实际上有很多类似的搜索控制的程序，GoogleSafeSearch只是父母的一种选择而已。option与choice同义。故D项正确。√答案解析12343.What’sthefirstthingyou’ddobeforesettingGoogleSafeSearch?A.SignupandlogintoyourGoogleaccount.B.Findthe“SearchSettings”preferencespage.C.Findthelabel“Filterexplicitresults”.D.Clickthe“LockSafeSearch”link.推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“IfyouarenotalreadyloggedintoyourGoogleaccount，youwillneedtodosoinordertolockSafeSearchtothe‘on’position.”可知，如果你没有登录Google的账户，那么你就要先注册一个账号。故A项正确。√答案解析12344.HowdoyouenableSafeSearchonmobiledevices?A.Readtheinstructionsoftherelatedmobiledevicesdirectly.B.LookforsomeInternetdoortobesureweparentsdidnotforgettolockit.C.CheckoutGoogle’sSafeSearchMobilesupportpageforinstructions.D.Checkintheboxwiththelabelanymobiledevices.答案解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“ForinstructionsonhowtoenableSafeSearchonavarietyofmobiledevices，checkoutGoogle’sSafeSearchMobilesupportpage.”可知，要想在移动设备上使用SafeSearch，就要登录相关的网页查找使用说明。故C项正确。1234√Ⅱ.七选五(2016·四川广元中学段考)Weareallcalledupontomakeaspeechatsomepointinlife，butmostofusdon’tdoaverygoodjob.1答案解析C[Thisarticlegivessomeadviceonhowtogiveagoodspeech.]开头说我们有时需要做演讲，但多数人做不好。C项承接上句，引出下文，故选C。So，youhavetogiveaspeechandyouareterrified.Yougetnervous，youforgetwhatyouwanttosay，youstumbleoverwords，youtalktoolong，andyouboreyouraudience.Lateryouthink，“ThankGoodness，it’sover.I’mjustnotgoodatpublicspeaking.IhopeIneverhavetodothatagain.”Cheerup！2Herearesomesimplestepstotakethepainoutofspeechmaking.Askyourselfthepurposeofyourspeech.Whatistheoccasion?Whyareyouspeaking?Then，gatherasmanyfactsasyoucanonyoursubject.Spendplentyofyourtimedoingyourresearch.Thenspendplentyofyourtimeorganizingyourmaterialssothatyourspeechisclearandeasytofollow.答案解析A[Itdoesn’thavetobethatbad.]上段讲演讲时的具体表现，此处讲振奋起来，下面的方法能帮到你。A项连接这两个句子承上启下，故选A。Useasmanyexamplesaspossible，andusepictures，charts，andgraphsiftheycanhelpyoumakeyourpointsmoreclearly.3Don’ttalkovertheirheads，anddon’ttalkdowntothem.Treatyouraudiencewithrespect.Theywillappreciateyourthoughtfulness.答案解析F[Neverforgetyouraudience.]下句中的their和them都指youraudience，以及根据第三段倒数第二句的内容提示可知，此处讲怎样对待你的听众们，故选F。Justremember:Beprepared.Knowyoursubject，youraudience，andtheoccasion.Bebrief.4Andbeyourself.Letyourpersonalitycomethroughsothatyoumakeperson-­to­-personcontactwithyouraudience.Ifyoufollowthesesimplesteps，youwillseethatyoudon’thavetobeafraidofpublicspeaking.D[Saywhatyouhavetosayandthenstop.]答案解析上句讲演讲要简洁明了，D项：说你必须说的然后停下来。此处是对上句的进一步说明，故选D。Infact，youmayfindtheexperiencesoenjoyablethatyouvolunteertomakemorespeeches!You’renotconvincedyet？5A.Itdoesn’thavetobethatbad.B.Takeseveraldeepbreathsbeforeyourspeech.C.Thisarticlegivessomeadviceonhowtogiveagoodspeech.D.Saywhatyouhavetosayandthenstop.E.Don’tsaywhatyouaren’tfamiliarwith.F.Neverforgetyouraudience.G.Giveitatryandseewhathappens.答案解析G.Giveitatryandseewhathappens.句意为：事实上，你会发现这种经历是如此令人愉快以至于你会踊跃参加更多的演讲！你是不是还不太确信？试试看会发生什么。G项顺承上句，故选G。Ⅲ.完形填空(2016·山东泰安质检)IwasdrivinghomeinarainstormonacoldMarchmorninginthemountainsofmyhome.Partofmewas1therainthinkingthatitwouldcleanthemud，salt，anddirtthatcoveredmy2fromweeksofWinterdrivingand3meatriptothecarwash.1.A.challenging B.enjoying

C.doubting

D.describing√答案解析challenge挑战；enjoy喜欢；doubt怀疑；describe描述。由该空后的“thinkingthatitwouldcleanthemud，salt，anddirt”可知，作者喜欢这场雨。(2016·山东泰安质检)IwasdrivinghomeinarainstormonacoldMarchmorninginthemountainsofmyhome.Partofmewas1therainthinkingthatitwouldcleanthemud，salt，anddirtthatcoveredmy2fromweeksofWinterdrivingand3meatriptothecarwash.2.A.body B.house

C.car

D.luggage√body身体；house房子；car汽车；luggage行李；根据第一段第一句“Iwasdrivinghomeinarainstormonacold...”可知，此处指的是汽车。故选C项。答案解析(2016·山东泰安质检)IwasdrivinghomeinarainstormonacoldMarchmorninginthemountainsofmyhome.Partofmewas1therainthinkingthatitwouldcleanthemud，salt，anddirtthatcoveredmy2fromweeksofWinterdrivingand3meatriptothecarwash.3.A.save B.cost

C.offer

D.bring√save省去，免去；cost花费；offer提供；bring带来。此处是说因为下雨，可以洗去车上的灰尘，让我省去了洗车这件事。故选A项。答案解析Another4ofmewaskeepingawatchfuleyeonthestreamsandrivershopingthatthe5snowandfreshlyfallingrainwouldn’tleadtoanyflooding.4.A.part B.role

C.identity

D.characterpart部分；role角色；identity身份；character角色。根据上文提到的“Partofmewas...”可知，选A项。√答案解析Another4ofmewaskeepingawatchfuleyeonthestreamsandrivershopingthatthe5snowandfreshlyfallingrainwouldn’tleadtoanyflooding.5.A.lasting B.melting

C.coming

D.freezinglast持续；melt融化；come来；freeze结冰。句意为：另外一个我看着溪流，希望融化的雪和雨水不要导致洪灾。根据语境可知选B项。√答案解析Adeeperpartofme，however，wasquietlydreamingofthe6weatherandstrengtheningsunshinetocomeintheweeks7.6.A.warmer B.colder

C.cooler

D.hotterwarm温暖的；cold冷的；cool凉爽的；hot热的。根据该空后的“strengtheningsunshine”可知，选A项。√答案解析Adeeperpartofme，however，wasquietlydreamingofthe6weatherandstrengtheningsunshinetocomeintheweeks7.7.A.back B.ahead

C.early

D.agoback回来；ahead前面；early早；ago以前。此处指梦想着温暖的天气和阳光快点到来。intheweeksahead在未来的几周里，故选B项。√答案解析Iknewthattheywouldstopwiththisnourishing(滋润的)raintoturntheyellowgrass8，tobringnewbudsandleavestothetrees，andtocausethemillionflowers9undergroundtopushtheirheads10thesoilandstarttheSpring.8.A.light B.green

C.dark

D.greylight光；green绿色；dark黑暗；grey灰色。根据下文中的starttheSpring可知，此处指把黄色的草变绿，故选B项。答案解析√Iknewthattheywouldstopwiththisnourishing(滋润的)raintoturntheyellowgrass8，tobringnewbudsandleavestothetrees，andtocausethemillionflowers9undergroundtopushtheirheads10thesoilandstarttheSpring.9.A.dying B.blooming

C.travelling

D.sleepingdie死；bloom开花；travel旅行；sleep睡觉。此处指让在地下睡觉的花从土壤里抬起头来，开始春天，故选D项。答案解析√Iknewthattheywouldstopwiththisnourishing(滋润的)raintoturntheyellowgrass8，tobringnewbudsandleavestothetrees，andtocausethemillionflowers9undergroundtopushtheirheads10thesoilandstarttheSpring.10.A.into B.against

C.through

D.acrossinto进入；against反对；through通过；across穿过。穿过土壤用through，故选C项。答案解析√Itwouldbethatglorioustimewhenthewholeworldcomesbackto11againanditwasallstartingwiththissteady，March12.11.A.mind B.life

C.peace

D.powermind想法；life生活；peace和平；power力量。此处考查短语comebacktolife“复苏”，故选B项。√答案解析Itwouldbethatglorioustimewhenthewholeworldcomesbackto11againanditwasallstartingwiththissteady，March12.12.A.shower B.plants

C.snow

D.temperatureshower阵雨；plant植物；snow雪；temperature温度。句意为：当万物复苏，以三月的小雨开始时，是个极好的时刻，故选A项。√答案解析Therainsinourownlivescanbring13

blessings.Stormsofproblemsandtroublescan14uswithstressandpain.Theycanmakeourdaysseem15andboring.13.A.simple B.terrible

C.puzzled

D.mixedsimple简单的；terrible可怕的；puzzled困惑的；mixed混合的。第三段讲了雨给我们带来的弊端，第四段讲了雨给我们带来了好处，因此雨给我们的感觉是复杂的。故选D项。√答案解析Therainsinourownlivescanbring13

blessings.Stormsofproblemsandtroublescan14uswithstressandpain.Theycanmakeourdaysseem15andboring.14.A.replace B.flood

C.change

D.exposereplace取代；flood淹没；change改变；expose暴露。句意为：它所带来的麻烦会用压力和痛苦淹没我们。根据语境可知选B项。√答案解析Therainsinourownlivescanbring13

blessings.Stormsofproblemsandtroublescan14uswithstressandpain.Theycanmakeourdaysseem15andboring.15.A.long B.exciting

C.short

D.brightlong长的；exciting兴奋的；short短的；bright明亮的。句意为：他们会让我们生活变得短暂且令人厌烦。故选C项。√答案解析Theycanmakeourheartsfeelheavyandsad.16，thesesamestormscanalso17ourspirits.16.A.Otherwise B.Instead

C.Therefore

D.Yetotherwise否则；instead反而；therefore因此；yet然而。上文讲了雨的坏处，下文讲了雨的好处，前后之间是转折关系。故选D项。答案解析√Theycanmakeourheartsfeelheavyandsad.16，thesesamestormscanalso17ourspirits.17.A.strengthen B.weaken

C.spoil

D.controlstrengthen加强；weaken变弱；spoil损坏；control控制。strengthenourspirits振奋精神，故选A项。答案解析√Theycanhelpoursoulsto18.18.A.fade B.grow

C.sink

D.despairfade消退；grow生长；sink下沉；despair绝望。句意为：他们能让我们成长，故选B项。答案解析√Theycanleadustolearningand19.19.A.freedom B.rudeness

C.wisdom

D.pridefreedom自由；rudeness粗鲁；wisdom明智；pride骄傲。句意为：他们能让我们好学和明智，故选C项。√答案解析Theycanc