2025届高考英语二轮复习专题讲解第10讲情态动词学案

PAGEPAGE21Lesson10情态动词问题层级图不知道如何完成情态动词题目目标层级图能够完成情态动词题目LV3操作5’M课前诊断5’M1.Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdata________causeseriousproblemsfora

company. A.need B.should C.can D.must2.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,________easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf. A.must B.should C.can D.need3.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI________getupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays. A.needn't B.mustn't C.wouldn't D.shouldn't4.Can'tyoustayalittlelonger?It'sgettinglate.Ireally________gonow.Mydaughterishomealone. A.may B.can C.must D.dare5.IamsureIsawBrianintheparkthismorning.You________beimaginingthings.HeleftforAmericalastnight. A.need B.can C.must D.shall课中讲解一.情态动词本意LV3操作1.常见情态动词本意(1)must=1\*GB3①表________，其确定回答用________，否定回答用________或________.MustIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t/youdon’thaveto.=2\*GB3②否定mustn’t表示________Youmustn’tspeaklikethattoyourmother.Youmustn’tleavetheroom.=3\*GB3③表________（常用于固定句型ifyoumustdo……)Ifyoumustsmoke,atleastyoucouldsmokeoutside.Ifyoumustleave,doitquietly.Whymustyoubuythatcar?(2)can,could=1\*GB3①表________Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.=2\*GB3②表________，could比can语气更委婉。CanIcomein?Yes,youcan.(3)may和might=1\*GB3①表________或________，might比may的语气更委婉。MayIhaveaglassofbeerhereplease?Certainly,youmay./No,youmustn’t／maynot.=2\*GB3②表________，might比may的语气更不确定。Hemighthavesometrouble.=3\*GB3③may表________，采纳部分倒装语序：may+主语＋动词原形……Maytheforcebewithyou.(4)shall，should=1\*GB3①should表________Youshouldkeepyourpromise.=2\*GB3②should表________Itseemssuchapitythatanhonorednameshouldbecommercializedlikethis.=3\*GB3③shall表________，用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中。Whenshallhecometomeetyou?Shallwebegin？=4\*GB3④shall表________（常用于其次、第三人称）。Heshallbepunishedifhebreakstheschoolrules.(警告）Youshallsticktoyourpost.(吩咐)(5)will,would=1\*GB3①表________Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.=2\*GB3②表________，常用于其次人称的疑问句中，would比will更委婉。Wouldyoulikesometea?Will/WouldyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?【精讲精练】1.Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit________beregularexercise. A.can B.will C.must D.may2.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you________switchoffyourmobilephonebefore boarding. A.may B.can C.would D.should3.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou________. A.might B.will C.can D.should4.YoumustbelookingforwardtoyourtripbacktoSydney.Yes.I________waitanylonger. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t5.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe________notsmoke.Andhehasneversmokedeversince. A.might B.should C.could D.would6.Can’tyoustayalittlelonger?It’sgettingdark.Ireally________gonow.Mydaughterishomealone. A.may B.can C.must D.dare2.情态动词的推想义(1)must推想义表________Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk.She’snotpickingup.Thenshemustbedriving.(2)can,could推想义表________a.在确定句中表推想的是________Thatcouldbeourwayout!Itwillbesunnyinthedaytime,butitcouldrainlateronthisevening.b.在否定句中表推想的是________Someoneinourclasshaswonthefirstprizeinthecalligraphycompetition!Itcan’tbeyou.c.在疑问句中表推想的是________Couldyoubeserious?(3)may,might推想义 表________Shemaybethebestdentistintown.【精讲精练】1.Liza________notwanttogoonthetrip—shehatestraveling. A.will B.can C.must D.may2.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit________berathercoldsometimes. A.must B.can C.should D.would3.You________behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago! A.wouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t4.Thetrafficisheavynow,soMike________comelate.Let’swaittenmoreminutes. A.can B.need C.may D.shall5.Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?Don’tworry.He________come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere. A.mustnot B.neednot C.wouldnot D.mightnot6.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.IsitEmily?It________beEmily.ShehasgonetoCanada. A.must B.can’t C.needn’t D.may二.情态动词+havedoneLV3操作1.musthavedone表示________Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.couldhavedone表示________Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.3.shouldhavedone表示________否定形式：shouldn’thavedone表示________Youshouldhavegotupearlier.Youshouldn’thavetoldhimaboutit.4.may/mighthavedone表示________WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.5.wouldhavedone表示________Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.【精讲精练】1.Judgingfromhisworriedface,heknewthathe________havehadsometrouble. A.would B.will C.need D.must2.Ella________atthecarcrashscreeninNewYorklastSunday;shewastravellingwithmeinHawaiithen. A.shouldn’thaveappeared B.couldn’thavedone C.wouldn’thaveappeared D.mightnothaveappeared3.WhenIfirstgottoHarvard,myawkwardEnglishbroughtmegreattrouble.Oh,dear,it________astruggleforyoutokeepupwithotherstudents. A.mightbe B.canbe C.couldhavebeen D.musthavebeen4.IhavewontheEnglishSpeechContestandcanhaveatriptoBeijingforfree.Congratulations!You________workedveryhardpreparingforthecontest. A.must B.should C.musthave D.shouldhave5.Themissingchildrenhaven’tbeenfoundyet.Somethingterrible________tothem. A.mayhappen B.mighthavehappened C.musthappen D.shouldhavehappened10’M10’M【小试牛刀】1.Listen,Mary________havedoneit.She'sbeenwithmeattheshopallday. A.wouldn't B.shouldn't C.needn't D.couldn't2.Driversaresupposedtolimitthespeedinneighborhoodsbecausechildren________

beplayingthere. A.should B.must C.may D.would3.Ifyou________haveacigarette,chooseaseatinthefirstrowofthesmokingsection. A.should B.must C.might D.would4.Mycellphone________havebeenstolenwhileIwastakingabus.Ican'tfinditanywhere. A.can B.must C.should D.would5.Hehasnoideawhatthebookisabout.He________havereaditverycarefully. A.needn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.wouldn't6.Passengers________talktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad. A.wouldnot B.mustnot C.maynot D.neednot7.Hey,thewashing-uphasbeendone!That________Cynthia.She'salwayshelpful. A.needhavebeen B.couldhavebeenC.shouldhavebeen D.musthavebeen8.MustIbehereforthemeetingby8a.m.tomorrow?No,you________.Itwon'tstartuntil9a.m. A.can't B.wouldn't C.shouldn't D.needn't9.I'msorry.I________atyoutheotherday.Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself. A.shouldn'tshout B.shouldn'thaveshouted C.mustn'tshout D.mustn'thaveshouted课后练习10’M10’M1.Carsplayanimportantroleinthemodernlife,butthey________alsocausemanyproblemslikeairpollution. A.should B.can C.must D.will2.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you________switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding. A.may B.can C.would D.should3.It________soundlikeaperfectdestination,butitisreallyadventuroustogothere. A.should B.must C.shall D.may4.It’ssolate.Myson________beback!Don’tworry.Idaresayhe________havesomeextraworktodo. A.can;must B.will;might C.must;may D.should;must5.Canyouimaginethatsuchadiligentandbrightboy________failtopasstheexam？ A.might B.should C.need D.would6.Youmightaswelltellthemanagerthatmalecustomers________notlikethedesignofthefurniture. A.must B.shall C.may D.need7.AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?I’mnotsure.I________gotheconcertinstead. A.must B.would C.should D.might8.Infact,you________haveshownmetothestation.I’mnotanewcomer. A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t9.Oh,I’mfeelingbadinthestomach.I________somuchfriedchickenjustnow. A.shouldn’teat B.mustn’thaveeaten C.shouldn’thaveeaten D.mustn’teat10.Iheardtheywentskatinginthemountainslastwinter. It________betruebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere. A.maynot B.won’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t11.IsJohncomingbybus? Heshould,buthe________not.Helikesridinghisbike. A.must B.can C.need D.may12.Thereisnolighton;they________beathome. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t13.Theroomissodirty.________wecleanit?OK. A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Can14.You________returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.maynot15.IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.Oh,didyou?You________withBarbara. A.couldhavestayed B.couldstay C.wouldstay D.musthavestayed16.Johnny,you________playwiththeknife,you________hurtyourself. A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may C.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;should17.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI________forher. A.hadtowriteitout B.musthavewrittenitout C.shouldhavewrittenitout D.oughttowriteitout18.Acomputer________thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo. A.can’t B.couldn’t C.maynot D.mightnot19.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry________beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary. A.must B.may C.can D.need20.Thebigfirelastnight________thewholebuilding.Buttheheavyrainhelpedit. A.mightbeburningdown B.couldhaveburneddown C.shouldhavebeenburning D.musthavebeenburning10’M10’M1.Itmust________(rain)lastnight,forthegroundissowet.2.IthinkitisabsolutelyessentialthatRobinson________continuehisscientificresearchinspiteofsomegreatchallenges.3.Accordingtotheschoolrule,nochild________beallowedoutoftheschool,unlessaccompaniedbyhisorherownparents.4.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,________easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.5.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI________getupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.6.Itwasreallyannoying;I________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.10’M10’M1.你不应当告知他真相的，现在他生气了。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.这件事不行能是珍妮做的，她是那样贴心的一个女孩。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.米兰达一个小时前就应当在这里跟我们会合了，她一向很准时的。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.我原来是可以赶上那趟火车的。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.那件衣服有可能是罗斯的，我望见他穿过。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lesson10情态动词课前检测（5mins）1.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的本意。依据句意可知，语境要体现的是一种客观的可能性，故选C。2.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的本意。依据句意Samuel是我们班里最高的男孩，可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书，可知应用情态动词can“可以，能够”表示实力。must必需，should应当，need须要，均不符合句意。故选C。3.【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词的否定含义。依据句意我爱周末，因为我不须要在周六和周日早起，可知用needn't表示不须要，mustn’t表示禁止，wouldn’t表示不情愿，shouldn’t表示不应当，均不符合题意，故选A。4.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词本意。依据句意——你不能再多待一会儿吗？——时间不早了。我现在必需得走了。我的女儿独自一人在家。May表可能，可以；can能够，可能；must必需，确定；dare敢。故选C。5.【答案】must【解析】考查情态动词。依据句意——我确定我今日早上在公园里望见Brian了。——确定是你在幻想了，Brian昨天晚上离开去美国了。must的推想含义为“确定，确定”，而已知Brian离开，所以填空处表推想含义“确定是”，故填must。一、情态动词本意LV31.常见情态动词本意(1)musta)【答案】必需；must；needn’t或don’t’haveto.b)【答案】禁止c)【答案】偏要，非得要(2)can,coulda)【答案】可以，能（表实力）b)【答案】表询问和许可(3)may和mighta)【答案】表询问或许可b)【答案】表有可能（可能性不大）c)【答案】表祝愿，祝愿(4)shall，shoulda)【答案】应当b)【答案】表竟然，竟会（惊异语气）c)【答案】表示恳求许可d)【答案】用于重复法律，规定中，表吩咐，威逼(5)will,woulda)【答案】表意愿b）【答案】表向对方提出恳求或询问，would语气更委婉【精讲精练】1.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的本意。句意：医生说熬炼对健康很重要，但必须要定期熬炼。must表示“确定，必需”。故选C。2.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词本意。句意：“依据飞行交规，你应当在登机前关掉手机”。should在此处表示依据交通法规应尽的责任和义务，故选D。3.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词本意。句意：——我能借你的字典吗?——可以，当然可以。might表示可能；should应当；will用于情态动词表示将，意愿，均不符合题意。Can表示能，可以，符合题意，故选C。4.【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词的否定含义。句意：—你确定是对去悉尼的旅行很兴奋吧。—是的，我等不及了。can’t表示不能；mustn’t表示禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应当。句意表达的是迫不及待“can’twaitanylonger”，故选A。5【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词的本意。句意：约翰答应医生说他再也不抽烟里，此后他就再没有抽过烟。would表示意愿，would为will的过去式，句中表示的即是过去时间的意愿。might表示可能性比较小；could表示实力，能够；should表示应当，应当，均不符合题意，故选D。6.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词本意。句意为：—你不能再多呆一会儿吗？—天越来越黑了，我真的必须要走了，我女儿还一个人在家。must在此表示“必需，确定”。依据题意可知表示必要性，故选C。2.情态动词的推想义(1)must推想义【答案】表确定要，想必，可能性最大(2)can,could推想义【答案】理论上的，潜在的可能性a)【答案】couldb)【答案】can’t；couldn’tc)【答案】could【精讲精练】1.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词推想义。句意：Liza不喜爱去旅行，她厌烦旅行。从后句她厌烦旅行，由一个他人角度，推想Liza是否真的想去旅行，应当用可能性最弱的may，maynot表示或许不。willnot表示不会；cannot不行；mustnot禁止，不允许，均不符合题意。故选D。2.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词推想义。句意：在我的家乡，3月通常天气暖和，但是有时也可能很冷。can除了有“能”的意思之外，还可以表示推想，可能性。故选B。3.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词推想义。表示对现在的确定推想，常用mustbe来表示；表示对现在的否定推想，常用can’tbe来表示。句意：你不行能饿了。你两小时前才吃午饭呢！wouldn’t表示“（过去）将来不”，mustn’t表示禁止，不准，needn’t表示不必，不须要，均不符合题意。Can’t表示不行能，符合题意，故选B。4.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词推想义。句意：—现在交通拥挤，所以迈克有可能来晚。—让我们再等他非常钟。can可能会；need须要；may或许；shall将要。故选C。*can表示推想时，多用于确定句和疑问句。当用于确定句时，指“有时可能会”，是理论上的可能，其时间意义宽泛不详细。例如：Evenexperiencedteacherscanmakemistakes.may/might表示推想时，用于确定句，表示无把握的推想，意为“可能，或许”。(might比may更加不愿定，更无把握)。故选C。5.【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词推想义。句意：—我不喜爱James，你为什么要邀请他？—题干中的hewasn’tcertain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此运用不完全否定mightnot。mustnot表示“禁止”；neednot不必；wouldnot不会；mightnot可能。故选D。6.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词推想义。依据句意——有人正在敲门。是Emily吗？——不行能是Emily，她去加拿大了。可知前文指的是不行能是她。can’t的推想义表示不行能，故选B。二、情态动词+havedoneLV31）【答案】表确定做过2）【答案】表本可以做而没做3）【答案】表本应当做而没做【答案】表示本没有必要做而做了4）【答案】表可能做过5）【答案】表本想做而没做【精讲精练】1.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：从他担忧的脸色来看，他知道他确定是有麻烦了。must表示确定的推想，题中给出的语境是过去的时间和动作，所以用musthavedone表示“确定是”，故选D。2.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：Ella不行能上星期天在纽约出现在车祸现场的监视器上，她那时候正在夏威夷和我一起旅行。题意表示对过去否定的推想，依据shewastravellingwithmeinHawaiithen，可知当时她正在旅行。故选B。3.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词＋havedone。句意：—当我第一次到哈佛，我蹩脚的英语给我带来许多麻烦。—噢天哪，跟上其他学生的进度对你来说确定很难。语境时态看出，须要对过去事实的揣测。Mightbe表是可能（语气若，不太可能）；couldhavedone表示本能做而未做的；canbe表示可能，不对过去进行推想；musthavebeen表示确定是。故选D。4.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。依据上下文推断，设空处是对过去事情的推想，所以不选A，B；shouldhavedone表示本应做而但没做，musthavedone表示过去确定做了什么。有依据的确定推想用musthavedone。故选C。5.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：失踪的孩子们还没被发觉。他们可能遇到了不测。这里首先是过去的推想，不选A，C；shouldhavedone表示应当做某事而没做，均不符合语境。mighthavedone表示可能做过某事，确定程度较低，符合语境。故选B。【过关检测】（10mins）1.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词否定含义。句意：听着，玛丽不行能干了这件事，她一成天都和我在商店里。依据题干中的She'sbeenwithmeattheshopallday可知空格处表达的是“不行能”，应用couldn't表推想的不行能性，故选D。2.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词本意。句意：司机在住宅区应当减速慢行，因为孩子们可能在那里玩耍。should应当；must必需；may可能；would将会。依据句意，故选C。3.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词本意。句意:假如你非要抽烟的话，请到吸烟区的第一排选个座位。依据句意可知空格处表示必要性，意为“非要,非得”，应用must表达。故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词的推想含义。句意:我的手机确定是在我乘坐公共汽车时被偷了。我哪儿也找不到它。依据句意可知,手机被偷是对过去发生的事情的确定推想，用must表示“确定”。故选B。5.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词否定含义。句意：他完全不知道这本书在讲什么，他不行能细致读过这本书。依据句意可知空格处表示语气剧烈的否定推想，故选C。6.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词的否定含义。句意：当公共汽车行驶时，乘客禁止和司机交谈，因为这会让他的留意力不在道路上。从句意可知，和司机交谈的这种行为是被禁止的，因此用mustnot表示严禁，语气剧烈。故选B。7.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：—嘿，餐具都已经被洗完了！—那确定是Cynthia做的，她总是乐于助人。musthavedone意为“过去确定做了某事”；needhavedone意为“原来须要做而没做”；couldhavedone意为“过去可能做了某事”；shouldhavedone意为“本应当做而没做“。依据句意可知，空格处为非常有把握的确定推想。故选D。8.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动态否定含义。句意：—我明天确定要在上午8点之前来这里开会吗?—不，你不须要。会议上午9点才起先。依据句意可知，空格处表示“不须要，没必要”，应当用needn't。故选D。9.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：—对不起,那天我不应当吼你的。—没关系。我自己也有点失控。依据句意可知，设空处表示“本不应当”，故用shouldn'thavedone的形式，故选B。课后练习补救练习（10mins）1.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：汽车在当今时代扮演着重要角色，但他们也可能引起许多问题比如空气污染。依据句意，空格处表示”可能”，应当用can。故选B。2.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：依据航空交通规则，你应当在登机前关掉手机。依据句意可知，空格处表示“应当”，应当用should。故选D。3.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：这可能听起来是一个完备的目的地，但是去那真的很冒险。Must表必需，should表应当，can表能够，may表可能。依据句意可知，空格处表示“可能”，应当用may。故选D。4.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：这么晚了，我儿子应当回来了！不要担忧，我敢说他确定会有许多额外的工作去做。依据句意可知，第一个空格处表示“应当“，其次个表示”确定是。故选D。5.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：你能够想象如此勤奋聪慧的男孩考试竟然失败了吗？依据句意可知，第一个空格处表示“应当“，其次个表示”确定是。故选B。6.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：你不妨告知制造商，男性顾客可能不喜爱家具的图案设计。前文的mightaswell表示“最好”，由此推断后文语气不是很确定，所以用may。故选C。7.【答案】D【解析】考查情态动态本意。句意：你会去杰夫的聚会吗?”“我现在不能确定。我可能会去音乐会。might表可能。故选D。8.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动态否定含义。句意：事实上，我不须要你带我去车站，我不是新来的。所以用needn’t。故选C。9.【答案】C【解析】考查情态动态+havedone。依