专题13 阅读理解之说明文（知识梳理＋专题过关）-2022-2023学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版）（解析版）

专题13阅读理解之说明文2022-2023学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版）【知识梳理】＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。说明文阅读理解的特征一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who→what→when→where→how→why。1.who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）2.what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）3.when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）4.how：通过什么方式表现出来的？5.why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。【专题过关】A（2022·江苏江苏·七年级期末）Howdoyouusuallydotheshopping?Doyoubuythingsinrealshopsoronline?Ifyoulikeshoppingonline,doyoubuythingsonTaobaoorJingdong?Doyouknowlive-streamingindustry(直播行业)?Itisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays.Manypeoplebegintobuythingsonlive-streamingplatforms(直播平台).“Sales(销售)throughlive-streamingin2021givespeoplehopeandanewwaytomakemoney.”saysAndreaFenn.Therearemanylive-streamingplatforms,suchasDouyinandKuaishou,andAlibaba’sTaobao.Manypeoplebegintosellthingsinthisway.OneofthemisLiJiaqi.Heis27yearsold.Hecansell15,000lipsticks(口红)infiveminutes.Unlikemanywomensellers,healwaystriesthelipsticksonhismouth,notonhisarms.Hisinterestingsalesmakehimgetthename“LipstickBrotherNo.1”.InFebruary2020,Taobaosellsalotofthings,becausemanypeoplecannotgoshoppingoutside.▲.AndreaFennsaysthattherearetoomanypeopleonthelive-streamingplatforms.“Nowtherearethousandsoflive-streaming.Andpeoplestarttothinkaboutthequestion:WhyarewebuyingthingsonTV,justlikethe1990sshoppingstyle?Somecompaniescannotgetmoneyfromlive-streamingbecauseofshoppersfatigue.Theyaretiredofdoingthat.”hesays.1．Whatisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays?A．Buyingthingsinrealshops. B．BuyingthingsonTaobao.C．BuyingthingsonJingdong. D．Buyingthingsonlive-streamingplatforms.2．LiJiaqiiscalled“LipstickBrotherNo.1”because________.A．sellinglipsticksbringshimmuchmoneyB．AndreaFenngiveshimthenicknameC．heisthefirstmantoselllipstickstoladiesD．hehasadifferentwaytoselllipsticks3．WhichplatformsellsalotofthingsinFebruary2020accordingtothepassage?A．Douyin. B．Kuaishou. C．Taobao. D．Weibo.4．Whichofthefollowingsentencesshouldbeontheline(横线)inthelastparagraph?A．Ofcourse,everyonewillmakemoney.B．Butnoteveryonewillmakemoney.C．Luckily,everyonelikeslive-streamingactivitiessales.D．Live-streamingislikeTVshoppingshow.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”inthelastparagraphmeaninChinese?A．疲劳 B．激情 C．需求 D．怀疑【答案】1．D

2．D

3．C

4．D

5．A【导语】本文主要介绍了在直播平台购物的这一新购物形式，并介绍了李佳琦的销售特点。1．细节理解题。根据“Doyouknowlive-streamingindustry(直播行业)?Itisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays”可知，新的、时尚的买卖方式就是在直播平台上购买东西，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据“Unlikemanywomensellers,healwaystriesthelipsticksonhismouth,notonhisarms.Hisinterestingsalesmakehimgetthename‘LipstickBrotherNo.1’”可知，他有趣的销售方式让他荣获这个称号，故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“InFebruary2020,Taobaosellsalotofthings,becausemanypeoplecannotgoshoppingoutside”可知，淘宝卖了许多东西，故选C。4．推理判断题。根据“WhyarewebuyingthingsonTV,justlikethe1990sshoppingstyle”可推断，此处提到的电视购物与直播平台购物的关系，故选D。5．词义猜测题。根据“Theyaretiredofdoingthat”可知，消费者厌倦了那样做，可推断fatigue表示“疲劳”，故选A。B（2022·山东·青岛大学附属中学七年级期末）Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots(吉祥物)?Youmayknowthefive“Fuwa”dollsfromthe2008BeijingOlympicGames(奥运会).OnSeptember17thof2019,let’sseewhotheyare.Lookatthepanda!Itlookslikeanastronaut(宇航员).Itwearsaniceshell(冰壳)andlooksfat,sowecallit“BingDwenDwen”.Whiteisthecoloroficeandsnow.“BingDwenDwen”likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem.That’swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicsGames.Doyouthinktheredmascotlookslikealantern(灯笼)?Thelantern’snameis“ShueyRhonRhon”.WhentheChineseNewYearcomes,peoplealwaysmakeorbuyredlanterns.Redisthecolorofhopeandgoodluck.“ShueyRhonRhon”cangiveplayershopeandhelpthemdowellinthe2022BeijingWinterParalympicGames(残奥会).Manypeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsverymuch,andtheyshowtheirloveforthemontheInternet.6．________isthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.A．“Fuwa”dollsB．BingDwenDwenC．ShueyRhonRhonD．AstronautMascot7．“BingDwenDwen”is________.A．apandaB．anastronautC．aniceshellD．alantern8．Whatdoweknowabout“ShueyRhonRhon”fromthepassage?________A．It’sredbecauseredisthecoloroftheOlympicGames.B．ItisthemascotofChineseNewYear.C．Itcanbringplayershopeandgoodluck.D．It’salwaysthemascotofWinterParalympicGames.9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?________A．ThetwolovelymascotsfirstshowedonTVonSeptember17,2019.B．“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”aregoodaticesports.C．Wecallit“BingDwenDwen”becauseitwearsaniceshellandlooksfat.D．Thetwomascotsareindifferentcolorsandshapes.10．What’sthebesttitle(标题)ofthepassage?________A．PeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsB．“Fuwa”,“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”C．TwoOlympicmascotscometolifeD．2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames【答案】6．B

7．A

8．C

9．B

10．C【导语】本文介绍了北京冬奥会和冬残奥会的吉祥物。6．细节理解题。根据“‘BingDwenDwen’likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem.That’swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicsGames.”可知，冰墩墩是2022年北京冬季奥运会的吉祥物。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据“Lookatthepanda”可知，冰墩墩是一只熊猫，故选A。8．细节理解题。根据““ShueyRhonRhon”cangiveplayershopeandhelpthemdowellinthe2022BeijingWinterParalympicGames”可知，雪容融可以给选手希望和好运，故选C。9．推理判断题。根据“‘BingDwenDwen’likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem”可知，冰墩墩擅长冰上运动，而文章并没有提到雪融融擅长冰上运动，所以B表述错误，故选B。10．最佳标题题。根据“Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots”可知，本文主要介绍了两个吉祥物，所以C项最适合做文章标题，故选C。C（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）UniversalStudiosthemeparksarefamousaroundtheworld.Theyturnthingsfrompopularmoviesandshowsintoreality(现实).NowoneoftheseparksisinChina!TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.TheKungFuPandaLandofAwesomenessisUniversal’sfirstthemedareaabouttheKungFuPandamovies.It’sanindoorarea.Ithaslanternsanddragons.TherestaurantslooklikeChinesestylebuildings,sellingChinesefood.EventhemusicplayedintheareaisChinesestyle.ThethemedareaTransformersMetrobasebringsanewstorywithChineseelements.Ittellsthestoryofa750-million-year-oldcarrobottriestosavetheworld.Visitorswillbecomemembersofanarmytojoinhim.OtherpartsoftheparkhaveChineseelementsaswell.TheshoppingstreetCityWalkborrowsChinesebuildingstyles,suchasBeijing’sHutong.Redandgoldareusedinthelightsandgroundalongthewalk.11．WhatcanyoudointheKungFuPandaland?A．Ridedragons. B．Havelunch.C．Savetheworld. D．Playrolesfrommovies.12．HowmanyUniversalStudiosthemeparksarethereintheworld?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.13．WhatdoweknowaboutthecarrobotattheTransformersMetrobase?A．Heisoneofthedesigners. B．Hecausestroubleforvisitors.C．Heisaflyingrobot. D．Hehashadaverylonglife.14．Whatdoestheunderlineditinparagraph1referto?A．China. B．Themovie.C．Thethemepark. D．TheKungFuPandaLand.15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUniversalBeijingResort?A．ItisfullofChineseculture. B．ItisthebiggestparkinChina.C．Itismainlyforforeignvisitors. D．Itonlyhaselementsfrommovies.【答案】11．B

12．D

13．D

14．C

15．A【导语】本文主要介绍了在北京的世界上第五个环球影城主题公园，这个主题公园充满了中国文化元素。11．细节理解题。根据“TheKungFuPandaLandofAwesomenessisUniversal’sfirstthemedareaabouttheKungFuPandamovies...TherestaurantslooklikeChinesestylebuildings,sellingChinesefood”可知在功夫熊猫之地你可以吃午饭，故选B。12．细节理解题。根据“TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.”（北京环球影城度假区是全球第五家环球影城主题公园，也是最新的一家。）可知世界上有5个环球影城主题公园。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据“ThethemedareaTransformersMetrobasebringsanewstorywithChineseelements.Ittellsthestoryofa750-million-year-oldcarrobottriestosavetheworld.”（变形金刚都市基地的主题区带来了一个具有中国元素的新故事。它讲述了一个七亿五千万年前的汽车机器人试图拯救世界的故事。）可知汽车机器人已经活了很久了。故选D。14．词义猜测题。根据“TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.”（北京环球影城度假区是全球第五家环球影城主题公园，也是最新的一家。作为中国的第一家，它有中国文化的元素。）可知“it”指的是“主题公园”，故选C。15．细节理解题。根据“AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.”以及“OtherpartsoftheparkhaveChineseelementsaswell.TheshoppingstreetCityWalkborrowsChinesebuildingstyles,suchasBeijing’sHutong.Redandgoldareusedinthelightsandgroundalongthewalk.”可知北京环球度假区充满了中国文化，故选A。D（2022·湖北·武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）七年级期末）Peopleusesayingseveryday.Youmayaskanunhappyfriendwhyshe’s“feelingblue.”Ifyou’vedoneonlyasmallpartofabigjob,youmightcallit“adropinthebucket.”Thesesayingsdon’tmeanexactlywhatthewordssay.Butit’seasytotellwhyweusethem.Blueisacool,quietcolor.Soit’sagoodwordfor“sad”.Abucketholdstoomanywaterdropstocount.Sojustonedropisverylittle.Othersayingsaremoredifficulttounderstand.Whenyouareabouttogotobed,youaregoingto“hitthehay(干草).”Thissayingdoesnotmakemuchsenseunlessyouknowwhereitcamefrom.Itwasfirstusedinthe1930s.Atthattime,manyAmericanswereoutofwork.Somewentfromplacetoplace,lookingforjobs.Atnighttheywereverytired.Theyoftenmadeabedofhayinafieldorbarn(谷仓).Assoonastheirheads“hitthehay,”theyfellasleep.Hereisanothersaying.Whenyouaresick,youmightsayyouare“undertheweather.”Butwhy?Thissayingismorethan200yearsold.Itbeganinthedayswhenmanypeoplewentfromplacetoplacebyboat.Whenthestormwindsrocked(使摇摆)theboat,peopleoftenfeltsick,Theboatwassailing“undertheweather.”Oldsayingslikethesecanbehardforkidstounderstand.Butnewsayingscomealongeveryday.Kidsoftenunderstandnewsayingsbetterthanolderpeopledo.That’swhyyourgrandmothermightnotknowwhatyoumeanwhenyousay“chillout”or“givemefive”.Shemightthinkyou’re“offyourrocker”.16．Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthispassage?A．Sports. B．Culture. C．People. D．Science.17．Whichsayingismorethan200yearsold?A．“hitthehay” B．“adropinthebucket”C．“givemefive” D．“undertheweather”18．Whatdoesthephrase“offyourrocker”probablymean?A．Youareclever. B．Youaremyfriends. C．Youarecrazy. D．Idon’tbelieveyou.19．Accordingtothepassage,itisclearthat________.A．“feelingblue”meansapersonissickB．oldpeopledon’tknowanynewsayingsC．peoplepreferoldsayingstonewsayingsD．kidscan