2021成都高考英语阅读理解、完形填空三月课外小练(4)答案

2021成都高考英语阅读理解、完形填空三月课外小练（4）答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Mostmornings,thelinebeginstoformatdawn:scoresofsilentwomenwithbabiesontheirbacks,bucketsbalancedontheirheads,andineachhandabright-blueplasticjug.Ongooddays,theywillwaitlessthananhourbeforeawatertankergoesacrossthedirtpaththatservesasaroadinKesumPurbahari,aslumonthesouthernedgeofNewDelhi.Onbaddays,whenthereisnoelectricityforthepumps,thetankersdon’tcomeatall.“Thatwaterkillspeople,”ayoungmothernamedShobasaidonerecentSaturdaymorning,pointingtoarowofpailsfilledwiththick,caramel(焦糖)-coloredliquid.“Whoeverdrinksitwilldie.”Thewaterwasfromapipesharedbythousandsofpeopleinthepoorneighborhood.Womenoftenuseittowashclothesandbathetheirchildren,butnobodyisdesperateenoughtodrinkit.Thereisnostandardforhowmuchwaterapersonneedseachday,butexpertsusuallyputtheminimumatfiftylitres.ThegovernmentofIndiapromises(butrarelyprovides)forty.Mostpeopledrinktwoorthreelitres—lessthanittakestowashatoilet.Therestistypicallyusedforcookingandbathing.Americansconsumebetweenfourhundredandsixhundredlitresofwatereachday,morethananyotherpeopleonearth.MostEuropeansuselessthanhalfthat.ThewomenofKesumPurbaharieachhopedtodragawayahundredlitresthatday—twoorthreebuckets’worth.Shobahasahusbandandfivechildren,andthatmuchwaterdoesn’tgofarinafamilyofseven,particularlywhenthetemperaturereachesahundredandtendegreesbeforenoon.Sheoftenmakesupthedifferencewithbottledwater,whichcostsmorethanwaterdeliveredanyotherway.Sometimesshejustbuysmilk;it’scheaper.Likethepoorestpeopleeverywhere,thepeopleofNewDelhi’sslumsspendafargreaterpercentageoftheirincomesonwaterthananyoneluckyenoughtoliveinahouseconnectedtoasystemofpipes.1Theunderlinedword“slum”mostlikelymeans______.A.avillageB.asmalltownC.anareaofatownwithbadly-built,over-crowdedbuildingsD.thepartofatownthatlackswaterbadly2.Sometimesthewatertankerdoesn’tcomebecause______.A.theweatherisbadB.thereisnoelectricityC.thereisnowaterD.peopledon’twantthedirtywater3.Apersonneedsatleast________litresofwateraday.A.ahundredB.fourhundredC.fortyD.fifty4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.ahundredlitresofwateradayisenoughforShoba’sfamilyB.AmericansusesthelargestamountofwatereachdayC.inKesumPurbaharimilkischeaperthanbottledwaterD.Shobahasafamilyofsevenpeople5.Thepassagemainlytellsus______.A.howwomeninKesumPurbaharigetstheirwaterB.howmuchwateradayapersondeedsC.thatIndialackswaterbadlyD.howIndiagovernmentmanagestosolvetheproblemofwater【参考答案】1—5、CBDAC阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Youknoweatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.Butdoyouknowitcanalsomakeyoulookgood?Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.ScientistsatStAndrewsFruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(类胡萝卜素)，whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventage－relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.Butwhileitwasknowneatingextremeamountsofcertainvegetablessuchascarrotscouldturnskinorange，itwasnotknownasmallincreasewasperceptible(被觉察)toothers－andwasseenasappealing.Acamerameasuredchangestotheskin’sredness,yellownessandlightness,andfounditsignificantlychangedinpeoplewhonaturallyincreasedtheirintake.Thesechangeswerenotevidentinthreeweeks.Usinglightsensors,theresearchersshowedtheseredandyellowhueswerelinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsintheirskin.Therearehundredsofcarotenoidsbutthosethoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectarelycopene(番茄红素)，whichgivestomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourandbeta－carotenefoundincarrotsaswellasbroccoli,squash,andspinach.Skincolourisalsoaffectedbychemicalscalledpolyphenols(多元酚)，foundinapples,blueberriesandcherries,whichcausebloodrushtotheskinsurface.4．Whatdoweknowfromtheresearch?A．Ifyoutakeinalittlemorefruitandvegetables,youwillobviouslylookmoreattractiveinthreeweeks.B．Theresearcherstookthepicturesofthe35peopleintheresearchatdifferentstages.C．Increasingyourintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaycangreatlyimproveyourhealth.D．Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeofgreensby3.3portionsadaywerefoundthemostattractiveaftersixweeks.2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofcarotenoids?A．TheycanprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays.B．Theycanpreventheartdiseaseandcancer.C．Theycanpreventage－relateddiseases.D．Theycankeepyouingoodhealth.3．WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．We’vealreadyknowneatingextremeamountsofcarrotscanturnskinorange.B．Weknewinthepastthateatingafewmorecarrotscouldmakeuslookappealing.C．Theresearchshowedtheimprovementinskinislinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsinit.D．Amonghundredsofcarotenoids,lycopeneisthoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectontheskin.4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________A．skin’sredness,yellownessandlightnessmakeapersonlookmorehealthyandattractiveB．carotenoidshavethesameeffectaslycopeneC．itiscarotenoidsthatgivetomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourD．bothbeta－caroteneandpolyphenolsaffectskincolourbycausingbloodrushtotheskinsurface[解题导语]本文主要论述了吃水果和蔬菜不仅让我们的身体健康，而且还能使人看起来更秀丽。1．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据Theymonitoredthefoodintakeof35peopleandtookpicturesoftheirfaces,armsandhandsusingasensitivecameraatthestart,andafterthreeandsixweeks.故选B。2．解析：选D。细节理解题。依据Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(类胡萝卜素)，whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventage­relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.没有提到选项D的内容，故选D。3．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据全文都是说现在的争辩发觉的内容，没有提到过去的状况，故选B。4．解析：选A。推理推断题。依据Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.可以推出皮肤发红、发黄、轻快让人看起来更健康和有吸引力。故选A。【2021高考复习】完形填空ItwasunusuallyquietintheemergencyroomonDecember25.Ididn’tthinktherewouldbeany__1__，sighingabouthavingtoworkonChristmas.Justthenfivebodies__2__atmydesk，apalewomanandfourchildren.“Areyouall__3__？”Iasked.“Yes，”shesaidweaklyandloweredherhead.Butwhenitcameto__4__oftheirproblems，thingsgotalittleuncertain.Twoofthechildrenhadheadaches，twochildrenhadearaches，__5__onlyonecouldtellmewhichearwasaffected.The__6__complainedofacoughbutseemedtoworktoproduceit.Ididn’tsayanythingbut__7__thatitmighthealittlewhile__8__adoctorcouldseeher.Sheresponded，“__9__yourtime；it’swarminhere.”Then，Icheckedtheirchart.Noaddress—theywere__10__.Thewaitingroomwaswarm.Iwentbacktothenursesstationandmentionedwehadahomeless__11__inthewaitingroom.Thenurses，complainingof__12__onChristmas，turnedtosympathyforafamilyjusttryingtoget__13__onChristmas.Theteamwentintoaction，muchaswedowhenthere’sa__14__emergency.ButthiswasaChristmasemergency.Wewereall__15__afreemealonChristmasDay，sowetookbackthatmealandpreparedabigdinnerforour__16__.Weneededpresents.We__17__fromdifferentdepartmentscandies，fruitsandotherthings__18__thatcouldbepresents.Asseriouslyaswemetthe__19__needsofthepatients，ourteamworkedtomeettheneedsofafamilywhojustwantedtobewarmonChristmas.Later，asthefamilywalkedtothedoorto__20__，thefour­year­oldboycamerunningback，gavemeahugandwhispered，“Thanksforbeingourangelstoday.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。圣诞夜，当我们这些护士为还要连续工作而埋怨时，一家五口来急诊。当我们了解状况后，纷纷伸出救济之手，让无家可归的一家人度过了一个温存的圣诞节。1.A.customers B．patientsC．workers D．tourists解析customer意为“顾客”；patient意为“病人”；worker意为“工人”；tourist意为“游客”。依据下文内容可知，此处是医院，“我”想着圣诞节应当不会再有病人了。答案B2．A.showedup B．tookinC．cameout D．lookedon解析showup意为“毁灭”；takein意为“吸取；哄骗”；comeout意为“出版；结果是”；lookon意为“旁观”。依据上下文内容可知，是五个人毁灭在“我”的办公桌前。答案A3．A.eager B．hungryC．sick D．warm解析由语境可知，此处是在医院，因此我询问他们是不是都病了。答案C4．A.descriptions B．commentsC．instructions D．results解析description意为“描述”；comment意为“评论”；instruction意为“说明”；result意为“结果；成果”。由语境可知，当他们开头描述他们的病情时，事情就有点让人摸不着头脑了。答案A5．A.so B．forC．thus D．but解析由语境可知，两个孩子说头疼，两个孩子说耳朵疼，但只有一个能告知“我”是哪只耳朵疼。这里表示一种转折关系。答案D6．A.mother B．childrenC．nurses D．doctor解析依据上文内容可知，母子共五人来看病，其中四个孩子都说了自己的问题，只剩下母亲没有说了，因此是孩子的母亲说自己咳嗽了。答案A7．A.answered B．imaginedC．explained D．analysed解析answer意为“回答”；imagine意为“想象”；explain意为“解释”；analyse意为“分析”。由语境可知，“我”也没说什么，只是解释说，过会儿医生才会来给她检查。答案C8．A.after B．sinceC．before D．when解析由语境可知，在医生来之前还得有一会儿。答案C9．A.Make B．TakeC．Care D．Spend解析make意为“使得；形成”；take意为“拿；取”；care意为“在意”；spend意为“度过”。由语境可知，她回答说：“不焦急，这里挺温存的。”takeone’stime意为“不焦急”，符合语境。答案B10．A.lonely B．greedyC．clever D．homeless解析lonely意为“孤独的”；greedy意为“贪欲的”；clever意为“聪慧的”；homeless意为“无家可归的”。由语境可知，“我”查了下他们的登记表，但登记表上没有写地址，因此他们是无家可归的。答案D11．A.family B．holidayC．woman D．Christmas解析由语境可知，回到护士室，“我”叙述了候诊室里这无家可归的一家子人的事。答案A12．A.operating B．interruptingC．managing D．working解析operate意为“手术；操作”；interrupt意为“中断”；manage意为“管理”；work意为“工作”。由语境可知，原本埋怨圣诞节还要上班的护士们，都转而怜悯起在圣诞节只祈求温存的这家人了。答案D13．A.present B．warmC．relief