2022高考英语唐山市路南区阅读短文复习单词暑假练习(3)及答案

阅读理解。Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes：“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（排放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogo（标识）inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.()1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.()2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject()3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissionsB.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppersC.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissionsD.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere()4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecostsB.usethesamelogointheirmarketingC.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyactionD.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开头考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动实行措施，削减排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信任，进而获得更好的收益1、答案D。【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns”及最终一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。2、答案A。【解析】词义猜想题。由本段中“whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思3、答案A。解析】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。4、答案C。【解析】推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers”可知，早实行行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[夹叙夹议型完形填空]IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream，whichmeantajob，amortgage(按揭)，creditcards,andsuccess.Iwanteditandworkedtowardsitlikeeveryoneelse,allofus__1__chasingthesamething.Oneyear,throughaseriesofunhappyevents,itallfell__2__．Ifoundmyselfhomelessandalone.Ihadmytruckand$56.I__3__thecountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe__4__possibleamount.IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas__5__，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner,rentedit，andclearedacornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme，butslowly,theystartedteachingmethe__6__ofbeinganeighbour.Theydroppedoffblankets，candles，andtools，andbegan__7__aroundtochat.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina__8__AmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutofneighbourliness.WhatIhadbelievedin,allthosethingsIthoughtwere__9__foracivilizedlife,werenon­existentinthisplace.Uponthemountain,mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy__10__withmyneighbours.Fouryearslater,Imovedbackinto__11__．Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime,__12__theirjobsandhouses.Imanagedtorentabigenoughhouseto__13__ahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse，butovertimeI'vehadninepeoplecomeinandmoveontootherplaces.We'dallbein__14__ifwehadn'tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It'snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformyself；it'sabout__15__wecanallgetbytogether.1．A.separatelyB．equallyC．violentlyD．naturally2．A.offB．apartC．overD．out3．A.crossedB．leftC．touredD．searched4．A.fullestB．largestC．fairestD．cheapest5．A.occupiedB．abandonedC．emptiedD．robbed6．A.benefitB．lessonC．natureD．art7．A.stickingB．lookingC．swingingD．turning8．A.wildB．realC．differentD．remote9．A.uniqueB．expensiveC．rareD．necessary10．A.cooperationB．relationshipsC．satisfactionD．appointments11．A.realityB．societyC．townD．life12．A.creatingB．losingC．quittingD．offering13．A.putinB．turninC．takeinD．getin14．A.yardsB．sheltersC．campsD．cottages15．A.whenB．whatC．whetherD．howC【要点综述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主题是关于美国梦的，叙述作者在患病一系列不幸后，在乡村的经受使其对美国梦有了深刻的生疏。1．A考查副词辨析。依据本句中thesamething的提示可知，作者和其他人都在各自(separately)追赶同一个幻想。2．B考查副词辨析。依据前半部分“经受了不快活的大事”以及后面一句话“‘我’发觉自己无家可归、独身一人”可知，此处指作者的生活变得一团糟。fallapart意为“裂开，土崩瓦解”。故选B项。3．D考查动词辨析。依据本句可知，作者在乡下查找能租住的地方。search意为“查找”，符合语境。4．D考查形容词最高级辨析。依据前一句“Ihadmytruckand$56.”以及后面一句中“Icameuponashabbyhouse…”可知，作者身上没有多少钱，所以要租最廉价的房子。故选D项。5．B考查动词辨析。依据house的修饰词shabby和fullofbrokenglassandrubbish可知，这幢房子没人居住，是被遗弃的。故选B项。6．D考查名词辨析。依据第三段最终一句可知，他们认为邻里间应友好相处，由此说明他们教作者的是邻里间相处的艺术(art)。7．A考查动词辨析。依据本句中chat可知，他们送来毛毯、蜡烛、工具之后连续留下来谈天。stickaround意为“逗留，在原地”，符合语境。8．C考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，作者理解的美国梦就是取得个人成就，而这里他们认为的幻想是邻里之间友好相处，因此是不同的。故选C项。9．D考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，作者之前认为的那些东西如工作、按揭、信贷、成功，是在文明生活中必需具备的，而在这个地方则完全不存在。与non­existent相对的是necessary。10．B考查名词辨析。依据第三段最终一句中“…butofneighbourliness.”的提示可知，在这座山上，作者最有价值的财宝便是与邻居间的关系。relationship关系。11．C考查名词辨析。依据其次段可知，作者在乡下居住；依据本句中的movedback可知，现在是回到城里。故选C项。12．B考查动词辨析。依据本句前半句的提示可知，很多人过着困难的生活，说明他们失去了工作和家园。故选B项。13．C考查动词短语辨析。依据下文可知，作者租住的房子最初有4个人，后来又多达9个人，因此，作者租了一间足够大的房子，是为了收留更多的人。takein意为“收留”，符合语境。14．B考查名词辨析。假如不联合起来，作者和其他人就都会在收容所中。shelter收容所，庇护所。15．D考查连接词辨析。现在作者所信仰的“美国梦”是同舟共济，不是能为自己获得什么，而是如何通过共同努力让全部人都有收获。此处表示方式，所以用how。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·辽宁，A)Chinaisalandofbicycles.Atleastitwasbackin1992whenItraveledthecountry.Backtheneveryoneseemedtoberidingabicycle.Millionsofthem,allblack.Carswererare.YetsincemyarrivalinBeijinglastyear,I'vefoundtheoppositeistrue.Therearemillionsofcars.However,peoplestillusetheirbicyclestogetaround.Formany,it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday.Bicyclesalsocomeindifferentcolors—silver,green,red,blue,yellow,whateveryouwant.It'sfunwatchingpeoplebiking.Theyrushquicklythroughcrossroads,moveskillfullythroughtraffic,andrideevenonsidewalks(人行道).Bicyclesallowpeoplethefreedomtomoveaboutthatcarsjustcan'tprovide.EagertobepartofthisaspectofChineseculture,Idecidedtobuyabicycle.Greatweatheraccompaniedmygreatbuy.Iimmediatelyjumpeduponmybicycleseatandstartedhome.Myfirstridehomewasorderly(守秩序的).Tobesafe,Istayedwitha“pack”ofbikerswhilecarsonthestreetscamerunningswiftlyoutofnowhereattimes.Ididn'twanttogethit.SoItooktheridecarefully.Crossingthestreetswasthebiggestproblem.ItwasalotlikecrossingamajorhighwaybackintheUnitedStates.Thestreetsherewerewide,socrossingtooktime,skillandalittlebitofluck.Ifinallymadeithome.Thefeelingonthebicyclewasamazing.Theairhittingmyfaceandgoingthroughmyhairwaswonderful.IwassittingontopoftheworldasIpassedbyplacesandpeople.Bikingmademefeelalive.文章大意：中国是个自行车大国，由于骑自行车便利省钱。作者为了体验中国文化的这一面，亲自骑自行车，结果感觉格外好。1．Accordingtotheauthor,whyarebicyclesstillpopularinChinatoday?A．Becausetheyaretraditionalandsafe.B．Becausetheyareconvenientandinexpensive.C．Becausetheyarecolorfulandavailable.D．Becausetheyarefastandenvironmentfriendly.答案：B推理推断题。从第一段中的Formany,it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday.可知答案。2．Theauthordecidedtobuyabicyclebecauseheintended________.A．torideitforfunB．touseitfortransportC．toexperiencelocalcultureD．toimprovehisridingskills答案：C细节理解题。从第三段的EagertobepartofChineseculture,Idecidedtobuyabicycle.可知答案。3．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisstreetcrossing?A．Itwasboring. B．Itwasdifficult.C．Itwaslively. D．Itwaswonderful.答案：B推理推断题。从文章倒数其次段中的Crossingthestreetswasthebiggestproblem.可知答案。4．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sbikingexperience?A．Theauthorenjoyedshowingoffhisbikingskills.B．Theauthorwasannoyedbytheairwhileriding.C．Theauthorwaspraisedbytheotherbikers.D．Theauthortookgreatpleasureinbiking.答案：D推理推断题。从文章的最终一段的IwassittingontopofworldasIpassedbyplacesandpeople.Bikingmademefeelalive.可知答案。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·辽宁，B)Goinggreenseemstobeafad(时尚)foralotofpeoplethesedays.Whetherthatisgoodorbad,wecan'treallysay,butforthetwoofus,goinggreenisnotafadbutalifestyle.OnApril22,2011,wedecidedtogogreeneverysingledayforanentireyear.Thismeantdoing365differentgreenthings,anditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondtheeasythings.Ratherthanrecycleandreduceourenergy,wehadtothinkof365differentgreenthingstodoandthiswasnoeasytask.Withtheideaofgoinggreeneverysingledayforayear,OurGreenYearstarted.MywifeandIdecidedtoeducatepeopleabouthowtheycouldgogreenintheirlivesandhopedwecouldshowpeopleallthegreenthingsthatcouldbedonetohelptheenvironment.Wewantedtopushthemessagethateverylittlebithelps.OverthecourseofOurGreenYear,wecompletelychangedourlifestyles.Wenowshopatorganic(有机的)stores.Weconsumelessmeat,choosinggreenfood.Wehavegreatlyreducedourbuyingwedon'tneed.Wehavegivenawayhalfofwhatweownedthroughwebsites.Ourhomeiskeptcleanbyvinegarandlemonjuice,withnochemicalcleaners.Wemakeourownbutter,enjoyingthesmellofhomemadefreshbread.Inourhomeofficeanyonecaughtdoingsomethingungreenmightbepunished.OurmindshavebeenchangedbyOurGreenYear.Wearegratefulforthechancetohavebeenabletogogreenandeducateothers.Webelievethatwedohav