2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练(12)及答案(含短文改错)

2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练（12）及答案（含短文改错）语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(原创)We’veheardofpeoplebeingreunitedwiththeirweddingringsafterlosingthem,andoneU.K.woman’sstorymaytakethecake.BrendaCaunterlostherweddingring41yearsago1gardeninginheryard.SheandherhusbandDavesearchedforthering2invain,andDaveendedup3(replace)thenine-caratring,accordingtoTheDailyMail.Butthisweek,morethanfourdecadesaftertheringwent4(miss),itwasreunitedwithitsowner.Davespottedoneoftheir5(neighbor)usingametaldetectorandaskedhimtocheckthearea6Brendalostthering,ontheoffchancethatitmightstillbethere.Andsureenough,itwas.“Whenwegotthephonecalltosayit7(find)Ididn’tknowwhattosay,”saidBrenda,picturedabovewithDaveandthering.Itseemslikelostweddingringshaveawayofturningup,8(especial)whenthey’relostinsomeone’syard.InNovember2022,awomanwasreunited9theringshelostinhersister’syard17yearsprior.Andin2011,10Swedishwomanfoundherweddingringgrowingaroundacarrotinhergarden16yearsaftershelostit.【文章大意】丢失的感情找不回,但丢失的婚戒,即便过去40多年,还是有机会找回的!有一对英国夫妇,妻子41年前在院子里种植花木的时候丢失了婚戒,而最近,借助邻居的金属探测器,戒指找到了回家的路。1.【解析】while。考查连词。句意:41年前,BrendaCaunter在院子里种植花木的时候丢失了她的婚戒。while在……时候,引导时间状语从句。2.【解析】but。考查并列连词。上下文是转折关系,且无逗号与其他部分隔开,应用并列连词but。3.【解析】replacing。考查现在分词。endupdoing最终做某事。4.【解析】missing。考查形容词。gomissing失踪,不见了。5.【解析】neighbors。考查名词单复数。由前面的oneof可知,此处应用名词复数形式。6.【解析】where。考查关系副词。where引导定语从句,修饰area,从句中缺少地点状语,应用where引导。7.【解析】hadbeenfound。考查时态和语态。首先,it和find之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;其次,gotthephonecall是发生在过去的动作,find是发生在gotthephonecall之前的动作,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。8.【解析】especially。考查副词。修饰整个句子whenthey’relostinsomeone’syard,应用副词。9.【解析】with。考查介词。reunite...with...和……重新团聚。10.【解析】a。考查冠词。此处泛指“一位瑞典的女士”,应用不定冠词a表示泛指。【广东省汕头市2022高考英语3月模拟试题】完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，把握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodo1.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseother2whenyouchooseyourfood.Youmay3itbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseit4good.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Different5usedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.Althoughtherearemany6typesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyone7typeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhe8.Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofother9inthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamore10diet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.The1112haveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitis13forus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodswithtoomuch14.Thismakesthemoverweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimal15,suchasbutter,canalsobebadforthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodemlife.1.A.males B.children C.humans D.adults2.A.organs B.senses C.parts D.means3.A.hate B.sell C.like D.fancy4.A.digests B.consumes C.touches D.tastes5.A.creatures B.mammals C.people D.animals6.A.different B.rare C.familiar D.unique7.A.typical B.particular C.special D.unusual8.A.food B.meal C.choice D.diet9.A.flowers B:vegetables C.fruits D.branches10.A.varied B.creative C.random D.nutritious11.A.fish B.fruit C.diet D.insect12.A.Animals B.Chinese C.Humans D.Foreigners13.A.effective B.beneficial C.delicious D.attractive14.A.sugar B.nicotine C.fiber D.alcohol15.A.products B.attachments C.goods D.subscriptions【参考答案】1—15、CBCDDABCBACCBAA阅读理解。PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均匀的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes."WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽视)themouth."AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless."Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.()1.ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners.A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouthB.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliableC.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentwaysD.havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions ()2.Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A.Tomakeafaceateachother. B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures. D.Toobservetheresearchers'faces.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph6referto?A.Theparticipantsinthestudy.B.Theresearchersofthestudy.C.Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.D.Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.()4.IncomparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto.A.dotranslationmoresuccessfullyB.studythemouthmorefrequentlyC.examinetheeyesmoreattentivelyD.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly ()5.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEyeastheWindowtotheSoulB.CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotionsC.EffectiveMethodstoDevelopSocialSkillsD.HowtoIncreaseCross-culturalUnderstanding 【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学争辩发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。1.答案：A考点：细节理解题解析：依据第三段“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽视)themouth.”可以得出答案2.答案：C考点：细节理解题解析：依据第五段“…byrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.”可以推断选C3.答案：A考点：词义猜想解析：依据定语从句“thattheyshow”所修饰的eyemovements在争辩中为theparticipants所作（从theeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeople”可知）可推断选A4.答案：C考点：细节理解题解析：依据第六段“ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners.”可推断选C5.答案：B考点：主旨大意题解析：文章首先指出科学争辩的最新发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍争辩的结构及其争辩过程，最终得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此推断最佳标题应为B。阅读理解。DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.“Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome,’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidformtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款)program.Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.Atthesametime,tuition（学费）continuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust14“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanofJacobsfamilyfail?A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B.Thefatherwasoutofwork.C.Theirsavingranout.D.Thefamilyfellapart.2.HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment.3.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.America’sunemploymentwillfall4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.A.providemoststudentswillscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloa