2022高考英语暑假自选训练(5)及答案

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofIn1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(辐射能).IreneJoliot­CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍居里夫人大女儿IreneCurie的一生。1．WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.B．Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.C．BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.D．Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.答案：B。细节理解题。依据文章第三段可知，第一次世界大战开头后，Irene挂念母亲救助伤员，法国政府以军功章的形式表示对她的贡献的认可。所以选择B项。2．WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?A．AttheCurieInstitute. B．AttheUniversityofC．Atamilitaryhospital. D．AttheCollegeof答案：A。推理推断题。文章第四段说：在1918年，Irene在居里夫人争辩院成为母亲的助手，1924年12月FredericJoliot加入了该争辩院，Irene教给他该项工作要求的技术，不久他们相爱了并于1926年结婚，由此可推断出C项正确。3．WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?A．In1932. B．In1927.C．In1897. D．In1926.答案：A。细节理解题。第四段最终一句表明：他们第一个孩子于1927年诞生，5年后(1932年)其次个孩子诞生，所以A项正确。4．InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuiredifferentfromhermother?A．Ireneworkedwithradioactivity. B．Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.C．IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce. D．Irenediedfromleukemia.答案：C。推理推断题。纵观全文可知，Irene在“与放射性物质打交道/把家庭与事业相结合/死于leukemia”这三方面与母亲相同，不同的是Irene获得一次诺贝尔奖，母亲两次。阅读理解。请阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Onemorningmorethanthirtyyearsago,IenteredtheTrackKitchen,arestaurantwhereeveryonefromthehumblest(卑微的)tothemostpowerfulcameforbreakfast.Inoticedanemptychairnexttoanelderly,unshavenman,wholookedsomewhatdisheveled.Hewaswearingaworn-outhatandwasalone.IaskedifImightjoinhim.HeagreedquietlyandIsatdowntohavemybreakfast.Wecautiouslybeganaconversationandspokeaboutawiderangofthings.Weneverintroducedourselves.Iwasconcernedthathemighthavenomoneyandnotbeabletoaffordsomethingtoeat.SoasIrosetogobacktothecounterandbuyasecondcupofcoffee,Iasked,"MyIgetyousomething?""Acoffeewouldbenice."ThenIboughthimacupofcoffee.Wetalkedmore,andheacceptedanothercupofcoffee,Finally,Irosetoleave,wishedhimwell,andheadedfortheexit.AtthedoorImetoneofmyfriends.Heasked,"HowdidyougettoknowMr.Galbreath?""Who?""Themanyouweresittingwith.HeischairmanoftheBoardofChurchillDowns."Icouldhardlybelieveit.Iwasbuying,offeringafreebreakfast,andfeelingpityforoneoftheworld'srichestandmostpowerfulmen!MyfewminuteswithMr.Galbreathchangedmylife.NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andtomeetanotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincerity.()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disheveled"mean?A.Unfriendly.B.Untidy.C.Gentle.D.Kind.()2.TheauthorboughtcoffeefortheoldmanbecauseA.hethoughttheoldmanwaspoorB.hewantedtostartaconversationC.heintendedtoshowhispolitenessD.hewouldliketothanktheoldman()3.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelafterhetalkedwithhisfriend?A.Proud.B.Pitiful.C.Surprised.D.Regretful()4.Whatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinthestory?A.Weshouldlearntobegenerous.B.Itishonorabletohelpthoseinneed.C.Peopleinhighpositionsarenotlikewhatweexpect.D.Weshouldavoidjudgingpeoplebytheirappearances.【语篇解读】本文叙述了"我"在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人,并且挂念他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的Mr.Galbreath,旨在告知我们不要以貌取人.1.答案B【解析】猜想词义题.由上文中的Inoticedanemptychairnexttoanelderly,unshavenman何下文中的Hewaswearingaworn-outhatandwasalone.可知disheveled在这儿是指仪容不整,穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选B项.2.答案A【解析】细节理解题.依据文中Iwasconcernedthathemighthavenomoneyandnotbeabletoaffordsomethingtoeat.可以推断选A项.3.答案C【解析】推理推断题.依据Icouldhardlybelieveit.Iwasbuying,offeringafreebreakfast,andfeelingpityforoneoftheworld'srichestandmostpowerfulmen!可知,作者在他伴侣告知他那个老人是Mr.Galbreath之后感到很吃惊.由此推断选C项.4.答案D【解析】主旨大意题.依据文章最终一句NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andnomatteranotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincerity.可知,作者想要表达的是不要以貌取人.由此推断选D项.阅读理解。Love,success,happiness,familyandfreedom----howimportantarethesevaluestoyou?Hereisoneinterviewwhichexploresthefundamentalquestionsinlife.Question:Couldyouintroduceyourselffirst?Answer:MynameisMisbah,27yearsold.Iwasborninawar-tornarea.RightnowI'mawebdesigner.Q:Whatareyourgreatmemories?A:Myparentsusedtotakeustohuntbirds,climbtrees,andplayinthefields.Formeitwaslikeaholidaybecauseweweregoingtohavefunalldaylong.Thosearemygreatmemories.Q:Doesyourchildhoodmeanalottoyou?A:Yes.Aslifewasveryhard,Iusedtoworktohelpbringmoneyinforthefamily.Ispentmychildhoodworking,withresponsibilitiesbeyondmyage.However,ittaughtmetodealwithproblemsallalone.Ilearnttobeindependent.Q:Whatchangeswouldyouliketomakeinyourlife?A:IfIcouldchangesomethinginmylife,I'dchangeitsothatmychildhoodcouldhavetakenplaceinanotherarea.Iwouldhavelovedtolivewithmyfamilyinfreedom.Whocareswhetherwehavemuchmoney,orwhetherwehaveabeautifulhouse?Itdoesn'tmatteraslongasIcanlivewithmyfamilyandwearesafe.Q:Howdoyougetalongwithyourparents?A:MyparentssupportedmeuntilIcameofage.IwanttogivebackwhatI'vegot.That'sourway.ButIamworkinginanothercity.Myonlycontactwithmyparentsnowisthroughthephone,butIhateusingit.Itfilters(过滤)outyouremotionandleavesyourvoiceonly.Mydeepestfeelingsshouldbepassedthroughsight,hearingandtouch.()1.InMisbah'schildhood,_______________.A.hewasfreefromworryB.helikedlivinginthecountrysideC.hewasfondofgettingclosetonatureD.heoftenspentholidayswithhisfamily()2.WhatdidMisbahdesiremostinhischildhood?A.Acolorfullife.B.Abeautifulhouse.C.Peaceandfreedom.D.Moneyforhisfamily.()3.HowwouldMisbahprefertocommunicatewithhisparents?A.BychattingontheInternet.B.Bycallingthemsometimes.C.Bypayingweeklyvisits.D.Bywritingthemletters.()4.Iftherewereonlyonequestionleft,whatwoulditmostprobablybe?A.Whatwasyourchildhooddream?B.Whatisyourbiggestachievement?C.Whatisyourparents'viewofyou?D.Whatwasyourhardestexperienceinthewar?【语篇解读】本文通过一个采访,把Misbah这个人的生活,成长呈现给我们.1.答案C【解析】细节理解题.由Myparentsusedtotakeustohuntbirds,climbtrees,andplayinthefields.Formeitwaslikeaholidaybecauseweweregoingtohavefunalldaylong.Thosearemygreatmemories.可知,Misbah宠爱大自然.所以答案选C项.2.答案C【解析】推理推断题.依据文中Iwouldhavelovedtolivewithmyfamilyinfreedom.Whocareswhetherwehavemuchmoney,orwhetherwehaveabeautifulhouse?Itdoesn'tmatteraslongasIcanlivewithmyfamilyandwearesafe.可知,作者憧憬和平自由的生活.故选C项.3.答案C【解析】细节理解题.依据Myonlycontactwithmyparentsnowisthroughthephone,butIhateusingit.Itfiltersoutyouremotionandleavesyourvoiceonly.Mydeepestfeelingsshouldbepassedthroughsight,hearingandtouch.可知,Misbah厌烦在电话里与父母联系,由于它只剩下了声音,而Misbah想要的是与父母面对面的沟通.四个选项中只有C项能够让Misbah与父母面对面.由此推断选C项.4.答案B【解析】推理推断题.其它三个问题在上文中都有所涉及,只有B项没有.所以假如还剩一个问题,很有可能就是B项。完形填空。EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussion(打击乐器)inScotland.Inaninterview，sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloistinspiteofherdisability.“EarlyonIdecidednottoallowthe__1__ofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician.IgrewuponafarminnortheastScotlandandbegan__2__pianolessonswhenIwaseight.TheolderIgot，themoremypassionformusicgrew.ButIalsobegantograduallylosemy__3__.Doctorsconcludedthatthenervedamagewasthe__4__andbyagetwelve，Iwascompletelydeaf.Butmyloveformusicnever__5__me.”“My__6__wastobecomeapercussionsoloist，eventhoughtherewerenoneatthattime.Toperform，I__7__to‘hear’musicdifferentlyfromothers.Iplayinmystockingfeetandcan__8__thepitchofanote(音调凹凸)bythevibrations(振动)Ifeelthroughmybodyandthroughmy__9__.Myentiresoundworldexistsbymakinguseofalmostevery__10__thatIhave.”“Iwas__11__tobeassessedasamusician，notasadeafmusician，andIappliedtothefamousRoyalAcademyofMusicinLondon.Nootherdeafstudenthad__12__thisbeforeandsometeachers__13__myadmission.Basedonmyperformance，Iwas__14__admittedandwentonto__15__withtheacademy'shighesthonours.”“Afterthat，Iestablishedmyselfasthefirstfull­timesolopercussionist.I__16__andarrangedalotofmusicalcompositionssince__17__hadbeenwrittenspeciallyforsolopercussionists.”“Ihavebeenasoloistforovertenyears.__18__thedoctorthoughIwastotallydeaf，itdidn't__19__thatmypassioncouldn'tberealized.Iwouldencouragepeoplenottoallowthemselvestobe__20__byothers.Followyourpassion；followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”1．A.conditions B．opinionsC．actions D．recommendations答案：BEvelynGlennie不允许他人的“观点”阻碍自己成为一名音乐家。2．A.enjoying B．choosingC．taking D．giving答案：C当我8岁的时候就开头上钢琴课，takelessons表示“上课”，为固定搭配，故选C项。3．A.sight B．hearingC．touch D．taste答案：B由下文的“Iwascompletelydeaf.”可以确定选B项。4．A.evidence B．resultC．excuse D．cause答案：D依据上下文可知，医生断定神经的损伤是导致我听力下降的“缘由”，故选D项。5．A.left B．excitedC．accompanied D．disappointed答案：A尽管我12岁时就完全失聪了，但是我对音乐的挚爱却从没有放弃。leave“离开；