湖南省名校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期12月大联考英语试题

2024年秋季高二检测卷英语本试题卷共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdoesEmilyoftengotowork?A.Bysubway. B.Bycar. C.Onfoot.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Emilytookthesubwaytoherofficetoday.WhenIwaswalkingpastthestation,Isawherhurryingovertothepany.M:Yes,herworkmateDavidusuallydriveshertotheoffice,butthenhewasoutoftownonbusiness.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanthinkofthetest?A.Tough. B.Easy. C.Interesting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkourmathstestwastoodifficult?M:Well,IwishIcouldjustgetapassingmark.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$30. B.$40. C.$50.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Isthisthechairyouadvertised?M:Yeah,it’sourregularthirtydollarchaironsaletodayfortwentydollarseach.W:Allright,I’lltaketwo.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthestreet. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inthepostoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?W:It’sonPenny’sRoad.Gopastthepostofficeandit’sonyourleft.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdidPauldo?A.Hetookatest. B.HefixedaTVset. C.Hedesignedamedal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tknowhowyoudidit,Paul,buttheTVworksbeautifullynow.Youshouldgetamedalforyourwork.M:Itwasn’thardatall.Itwasmucheasierthanpreparingforthetest.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdoesPeterusuallydoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents. B.Gotothecinema. C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Peter. B.Samsara. C.Peter’sparents.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:SoPeter,whatdoyouoftendoontheweekend?M:IoftengotomovieswithfriendsonFridaynight.Howaboutyou,Samara?W:Well,IloveseeingmusicalplaysonBroadwaywithmyfriends.Haveyoubeentomany?M:Notreally.IsawonewhenImovedtoBostonandanotherwhenmyparentscametovisit,butnoteversince.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8WhyisAndrewleavingearly?A.Toenjoythesceneryontheway.B.Tobuysomegiftsforhisfamily.C.Toavoidgettingstuckintraffic.9.WhatdoesJessicaoftendoattherailwaystation?A.Readbooks. B.Makeatodolist. C.Lookaroundtheshops:10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattodonextyear. B.Wheretogoforvacations. C.Howtopassthewaitingtime.【答案】8.C9.C10.C【解析】【原文】W:Areyouleavingfortherailwaystationnow,Andrew?It’ssoearly.M:Justavoidingtherushhour.Idon’twanttobelate.W:Soyouhavetowaitforabouttwohours.Idon’tthinkthere’sscenerytolookat.M:Don’tworry.I’lltakeabookwithme.W:It’stoonoisytoreadintherailwaystation.Iwouldusuallylookaroundtheshopswhilewaitingforthetrain.M:ButI’vealreadygotallthegiftsformyparentsandsisters.Idon’tneedtobuyanything.IfIreallycan’tfocusonthebook,ImayphoneupsomefriendsIhaven’ttalkedtoinawhile.W:That’saniceidea.Annatoldmelasttimethatsheoftenspentthewaitingtimewritingatodolistsothatshe’dnotmissanythinginthedaystoe.M:That’sanawesomeidea.I’llsurelydothat.Thankyou,Jessica.Seeyounextyear.W:Bye.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Gray. B.Green. C.Red.12.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?A.Toeattheminasafeplace.B.Tomaketheirownershappy.C.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.13.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Curious. B.Serious. C.Humorous.【答案】11.A12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Weletoourprogramme,DoctorPeterson.Let’sseewhatquestionswe’vegotforyoutoday.Hereisone,cancatsseecolours?M:Sortof.Inthewild,manycatshuntatnightbecausetheireyesaredesignedforlowlight.Yourcatcan’tseebrightcolorssuchasredandgreen,butitpicksupmoreshadesofblue,yellowandgraythanhumansdo.W:Andwhydocatsgivedeadbirdstotheirowners?M:Whenyourcatdropsadeadbirdatyourfeet,sheisn’tbringingyouapresent.Mostcatsjustdragfoodhomebecauseit’sasafeplacetoeat.Acat’smomalsobringshomethingstoherchildrentohelpthempractisehunting.Soafemalecatwithoutchildrenmaybringthesetreatstoherownerinstead.Youmaynotlikethem,butatleastyoudon’thavetowriteherathankyounote.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren’sbooks?A.Hiswife. B.Elizabeth. C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNorman’sstorybasedon?A.Apainting. B.Awoman. C.Abook.16.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl. B.Theman’spet. C.Afictionaldog.17.WhatwasitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess. B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain. C.Hiseditor’sdisagreement.【答案】14.A15.A16.C17.A【解析】【原文】W:Abigdogcelebratesabigbirthdaythisyear.CliffordTheBigRedDogfirstappearedsixtyyearsago,alongwithEmilyElizabeth,alittlegirlwholoveshim.TodaywehaveNormanBridwelltotalkwithNBR’sreporteronhisdog’ssixtiethbirthday.SoNorman,tellushowitallstarted.M:Well,itwas1962andIwasstruggling.NotverysuccessfulartistinNewYork.MywifesuggestedthatItrymyhandatpaintingforchildren’sbooks.SoIdidtenpaintingsandtookthemtothepublishers.Iwasturneddowneverywhereexceptatonepublisher,whereayoungwomantoldmeIwasn’tverygood.SoifIwanttopaintforabook,Ineedtowriteoneonmyown.W:Soyoudid.M:Oh,thewomanpointedtoapaintingIhaddone.Alittlegirlwiththebigreddogandshesaidmaybethat’sthestory.AndIwenthomeandoverthatweekendIwrotethestoryCliffordtheBigRedDogandIwasshocked.Itwasacceptedforpublication,becauseIneverwroteanythingbefore.W:Iseehowwonderful.M:Yes,itwas.Mywifewasalsoinshockwhenshedidrealizeitwasn’tadream,butitwasjustluck.W:ButthatluckturnedintoninetyCliffordbooks.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Localevents. B.Diseasecontrol. C.Governmentservices.19.WhatisprohibitedatpresentinOxton?A.Wateringgardens. B.Washingcars. C.Smokingoutdoors.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthefire?A.Itdestroyedabuilding. B.Itcausedseriousinjuries. C.Itwasquicklyputout.【答案】18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:ThisisRadioOxton.It’steno’clockandhereisthelocalnews.Thehot,dryweatherisstillcausingproblems.Ithasn’trainedforsixweeksandwaterisinshortsupply.Thepolicehaveaskedthelocalpeoplenottowatertheirgardensmorethanonceaweek.Duringtheemergencyperiod,washingcarsispletelybanned.Thetemperatureat2p.m.yesterdaywasarecord32degrees.Hospitalshavereportedalargenumberofcasescausedbytheextremeheat.Oldpeopleandbabiesaremostatrisk.Unfortunatelytheweatherforecastsaysthehot,dryweatherwillcontinueforthreeorfourmoredays.WhosaysitalwaysrainsinEngland?TherehasbeenasmallfireatOxtonGeneralHospital.Morethantwentypatientsweremovedawayfrompartofthebuildingasfiremenwentforthefire.Thefirewasnotserious.Thefiremenstoppeditinacoupleofminutesandeverythingnowisbacktonormal.Well,that’sthenewsatteno’clock.Thenextnewswillbeintwohoursatmidday.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAHundredHorsesbySarahLeanType:MysteryPlot:ThewoodenhorseNellbringsalongduringhervisittoherauntandcousinsisstolenbyagirlnamedAngel.AsNellfindsoutAngel’strueidentity,abondgrowsbetweenthemandagroupof99horses.Wordhasitthatthe100thhorseismagical.Butwhereisit?Nelldoesn’tknow,butAngelmightknow.Targetedreaders:Kidswholikeanimalsandnaturewillbesuretofindthisbookexciting.HowtoCatchaBoglebyCatherineJinksType:FantasyPlot:Birdieisanorphan(孤儿)whoisgoodattrappingmonsterswithhersingingvoice.Sheistheonlygoblin(小妖精)hunterintheworld.Whenkidsgomissing,it’suptohertofigureoutwhy.Targetedreaders:Anyonewhoislookingformonsterswilltakegreatpleasureinthisbook.OpheliaandtheMarvelousBoybyKarenFoxleeType:FantasyPlot:WhenOpheliamovestoastrangecitywhereitneverstopssnowing,shediscoversaboylockedawayfor75yearsinamuseum.ShemusthelptheboybeforetheSnowQueenfreezestheworld.Alongtheway,Ophelialearnshowtobelieveinthingsshecannotsee.Targetedreaders:Peoplewholikefairytaleswouldenjoythisbook.IEvenFunnier:AMiddleSchoolStorybyJamesPattersonandChrisGrabensteinType:FictionPlot:AfteracaraccidentJamieloseshisfamily,andthenhemovesinwithhisaunt,uncleandhiscousinStevie,whosebasicaimistotrickJamie.ButJamiecontinueshavingapositiveattitudeandrunningafterhisgoals.HewasrecentlyhonoredwiththeFunniestKidicofNewYorkState.Targetedreaders:Thisbookwouldbegreatforanyonewhoisfondofhumorousbooks.21.Whichstorymightfansofnaturelike?A.AHundredHorses. B.HowtoCatchaBogle.C.OpheliaandtheMarvelousBoy. D.IEvenFunnier:AMiddleSchoolStory.22.Whokeepsgoingevenwhenlifeishard?A.Nell. B.Ophelia. C.Birdie. D.Jamie.23.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwefindsuchapassage?A.Culture. B.Business. C.Sports. D.Literature.【答案】21.A22.D23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了面向读者的四本书，分别是幻想类，疑案类，与小说类书籍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据AHundredHorses中“Kidswholikeanimalsandnaturewillbesuretofindthisbookexciting.(喜欢动物和大自然的孩子一定会发现这本书令人兴奋)”可知，AHundredHorses对于喜欢动物和自然的孩子们很有吸引力，故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据IEvenFunnier:AMiddleSchoolStory中“AfteracaraccidentJamieloseshisfamily,andthenhemovesinwithhisaunt,uncleandhiscousinStevie,whosebasicaimistotrickJamie.ButJamiecontinueshavingapositiveattitudeandrunningafterhisgoals.(在一场车祸之后，杰米失去了他的家人，然后他搬去和他的阿姨，姨父和他的表弟史蒂夫住在一起，他们的基本目的是欺骗杰米。但杰米仍然保持着积极的态度，继续追求他的目标)”可知，Jamie在生活艰难的时候继续前进。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据这篇文章主要介绍了面向读者的四本书，分别是幻想类，疑案类与小说类书籍，推测会出现在文学版块中。故选D。BSaraThompsonshowedgreateffortingettingadegreeinteaching,somethingthatnotmanystudentscando.ShewasveryhappywhenshefinishedschoolattheStateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffalo,andshewasthefirstinherbigfamilytogetacollegedegree.SaragrewupwitheightotherbrothersandsistersonafarminBuffalo,NewYork.Herdadhadajobthatwasn’tonthefarm,andhermomtookcareofthefarmwiththekids.Upongraduatingfromhighschool,Sarawenttoaschoolclosebytolearnskills,andsheworkedparttimetopayforherclassesbecauseherfamilydidn’thaveextramoneyforcollege.Aftershefinishedthatschool,shekeptworkingtohelpheryoungerbrothersandsisterspayfortheireducation.Now,Saraismarriedandhasthreekids.Shedecidedtogobacktoschooltogetabetterjobandtohelpherfamilybetter,whiledoingsomethingshereallylikes:teaching.ShechosetheprogramattheStateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffalobecauseitwasclosetoherhome.Shecoulddrivetoherclassesandbebackhomeintheeveningtotakecareofherkids.Sara’sfamilyhelpedheralotwhileshewasstudying:herhusbandworkedextrajobstopayforthings,andhermom,whowas65,sometimeslookedafterthekids.Eventhoughitwashard,shedidwellinschoolandgraduatedwithgoodgrades.Sarahadtogiveupsomethingstoreachhergoal,likespendingtimewithherkidsandattendingimportantfamilyevents.“Therewerenightswhenitwasveryhardtochoosebetweenbeingwithmykidsandstudyingfortestsorwritingpapers,”shesays.Butherkidslearnedalotfromseeingtheirmomgetherdegree.Saraisthefirstinherfamilytograduatefromcollege,andsheisagreatexampleforherfamily—sheshowsthatyoucandoanythingifyouworkhard.24.WhatdidSaradoafterhighschool?A.Sheworkedwithherdad. B.Shefundedherowneducation.C.Shemanagedthefarmalone. D.Shetaughtherbrothersandsisters.25.WhydidSarachoosetheBuffaloprogram?A.Tosavemoneyforherfamily. B.Tolearnfromtopteachers.C.Tofindahighpayingjob. D.Tocareforherkidseasily.26.WhatdidSaragiveupforherstudies?A.Herhealth. B.Hersociallife. C.Herfamilytime. D.Hercareerchances.27.What’sthelessonwecanlearnfromSara’sstory?A.Effortbringsrewards. B.Timeequalsmoney.C.Loveoveresall. D.Schoolingiskeytosuccess.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了SaraThompson通过自身努力获得教学学位，成为家族中第一个大学毕业生，并为了家庭和孩子选择就近上学，最终成功毕业且给家人树立了榜样的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Upongraduatingfromhighschool,Sarawenttoaschoolclosebytolearnskills,andsheworkedparttimetopayforherclassesbecauseherfamilydidn’thaveextramoneyforcollege.(高中毕业后，Sara去附近的一所学校学习技能，她兼职支付学费，因为她的家庭没有多余的钱供她上大学)”可知，Sara高中毕业后自己支付学费。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ShechosetheprogramattheStateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffalobecauseitwasclosetoherhome.Shecoulddrivetoherclassesandbebackhomeintheeveningtotakecareofherkids.(她选择了纽约州立大学布法罗分校的课程，因为它离她家很近。她可以开车去上课，晚上回家照顾孩子)”可知，Sara选择布法罗项目是为了方便照顾孩子。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sarahadtogiveupsomethingstoreachhergoal,likespendingtimewithherkidsandattendingimportantfamilyevents.(Sara为了达成目标不得不放弃一些东西，比如和孩子相处以及参加重要的家庭活动)”可知，Sara为了学习放弃的是和家人相处的时间。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butherkidslearnedalotfromseeingtheirmomgetherdegree.Saraisthefirstinherfamilytograduatefromcollege,andsheisagreatexampleforherfamily—sheshowsthatyoucandoanythingifyouworkhard.(但她的孩子们从看到妈妈获得学位中学到了很多。Sara是家族中第一个大学毕业生，她是家人的好榜样——她表明，如果你努力，你可以做任何事)”可推知，从Sara的故事中我们可以学到努力就会带来回报。故选A项。CInthepastfewyears,moststateshavemadeitagainsttherulesforpeopletotypemessagesontheirphoneswhiledriving.Theyhavealsorunmanypubliccampaignstotrytogetpeopletostopusingtheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Buttheproblemseemstobegettingworse.PeopleintheUnitedStatesarestilltypingmessages,usingsocialmedia,andtakingpictureswhiledriving.Thenumberofcaraccidents,whichhadbeengoingdownforyears,isnowgoingupdramatically.Thisispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thepersoninchargeoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saidthatdrivingwhilenotpayingattentionwas“onlyincreasing,unfortunately”.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork’shandsfreedrivinglaws.“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople’sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate’s2001banonhandhelddevicesbydrivers.“IftheTextalyzerbillbeeslaw,”headded,“peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthesmartphone.”28.Whatisthebestdescriptionoftheprohibitionondrivers’textingintheUS?A.Demanding. B.Unsuccessful. C.Irregular. D.Unreasonable.29.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpthepolicefindout?A.Thedrivingspeed. B.Thedrivingdestination.C.Driversonthephone. D.Drivers’arrivaltime.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice. B.Laws. C.Instructions. D.Knowledge.31.WhatisFélixW.Ortiz’sattitudetowardtheTextalyzer?A.Approving. B.Indifferent. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国各州禁止司机开车时使用发短信的规定以及这一规定并未取得显著成效，同时介绍了纽约立法者提出的使用Textalyzer设备来检测司机开车时是否使用的新想法。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inthepastfewyears,moststateshavemadeitagainsttherulesforpeopletotypemessagesontheirphoneswhiledriving.(在过去的几年里，大多数州都规定司机开车时用发短信是违法的)”和第二段中“Buttheproblemseemstobegettingworse.PeopleintheUnitedStatesarestilltypingmessages,usingsocialmedia,andtakingpictureswhiledriving.(但这个问题似乎越来越严重。在美国，人们仍然在开车时打字、使用社交媒体和拍照)”可知，尽管美国大多数州都禁止司机开车时使用发短信，但这一问题并未得到解决，反而似乎越来越严重，由此可推断出，对美国禁止司机发短信的最好描述是“不成功的”。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork’shandsfreedrivinglaws.(纽约立法者的一个想法是给警察一种叫做Textalyzer的新设备。它的工作原理是这样的：到达事故现场的警察可以要求司机交出，并使用Textalyzer检查操作系统中的最近活动。这项技术可以确定司机是否刚刚发过短信、电子邮件或做过纽约免提驾驶法律不允许的其他任何事情)”可知，Textalyzer可以帮助警察检查司机的，确定司机是否在开车时进行了不允许的活动，如发短信或电子邮件等，由此可知，Textalyzer可以帮助警察找出“开车时使用的司机”。故选C项。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“‘Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople’sbehavior,’saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate’s2001banonhandhelddevicesbydrivers.(我们需要一些书面上的东西来改变人们的行为，”FélixW.Ortiz说，他推动了该州2001年禁止司机使用手持设备的规定)”和“‘IftheTextalyzerbillbeeslaw,’headded,‘peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthesmartphone.’(“如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，”他补充说，“人们将更害怕把拿在手里。”)”可知，FélixW.Ortiz提到需要一些书面上的内容来改变人们开车时使用的行为，并举例说如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们就会更害怕使用，由此可推断出，他所说的“something”指的是能够约束人们行为的“法律”。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中FélixW.Ortiz的话“‘IftheTextalyzerbillbeeslaw,’headded,‘peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthesmartphone.’(“如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，”他补充说，“人们将更害怕把拿在手里。”)”可知，FélixW.Ortiz认为如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们就会更害怕使用。由此可推断出，他对Textalyzer持“支持”的态度。故选A项。DTheadvantagesofphysicalactivityarewidelyrecognized,andthere’sanadditionalbenefittoaddtotheextensivelist.Studieshaveuncoveredthatmiddleagedwomenwhomaintainahighlevelofphysicalfitnessmayreducetheirriskofdevelopingdementia(失智症)bynearly90percentintheirlateryears.Moreover,iftheydodevelopdementia,itislikelytooccuradecadelaterparedtolessactivewomen.Dr.HelenaHorderfromtheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,wholedtheresearch,said,“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatmakingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)systemfitterinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenstopthemfromgettingdementia.”Intheresearch,191womenwithanaverageageof50didabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereverytiredtofindouttheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwas103watts.Outofthese,40womenqualifiedashighlyfit,achievingacapacityof120wattsormore.Meanwhile,92womenwerecategorizedasmoderatelyfit,and59wereconsideredtohavealowleveloffitness,withapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,ortheirtestswerestoppedduetohealthissues.Thesewomenwerelatermonitoredfordementiasixtimesinthenextfortyyears.Duringthistime,44womengotdementia.Only5%ofthehighlyfitwomengotdementia,while25%ofthemediumfitwomenand32%ofthelowfitwomengotit.“Nevertheless,thisstudydoesnotestablishacausalrelationshipbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia;itonlyindicatesacorrelation,”Hordernoted.“Furtherresearchisnecessarytodetermineifimprovedfitnesscouldpositivelyinfluencetheriskofdementiaandtoidentifythemostcriticalperiodinone’slifeformaintainingahighfitnesslevel.”Shealsoacknowledgedthestudy’slimitations,includingasmallsamplesizeandthefactthatallparticipantswerefromSweden,whichmaylimitthegeneralizabilityofthefindings.32.Whatadditionalbenefitislinkedtohighphysicalfitnessinmiddleagedwomen?A.Improvedheartratecontrol. B.Reduceddementiarisk.C.Superiorathleticperformance. D.Absenceofdementiarisk.33.Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomentodothebicycleexercise?A.Tochangetheirexercisehabits. B.Tofigureouttheirhighestheartrate.C.Tojudgetheircardiovascularcapacity. D.Todetecttheirhiddenhealthproblems.34.WhatcanweknowaboutDr.Horder’sstudy?A.Collectingdatatookalongtime. B.Someparticipantsleftthestudy.C.Theresultswerequitesatisfactory. D.Itaimedtocuredementiaeffectively.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.MiddleAgedWomenNeedMoreExercise B.MoreWomenExercisetoAvoidDementiaC.BikingBettersWomen’sCardiovascularSystem D.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoHaveDementia【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现中年女性保持高水平的身体锻炼可能会显著降低晚年患痴呆症的风险。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Studieshaveuncoveredthatmiddleagedwomenwhomaintainahighlevelofphysicalfitnessmayreducetheirriskofdevelopingdementia(失智症)bynearly90percentintheirlateryears.(研究发现，保持高水平身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的风险可能会降低近90%)”可知，中年妇女身体素质高可以降低痴呆风险。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Intheresearch,191womenwithanaverageageof50didabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereverytiredtofindouttheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.(在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了一项自行车运动测试，直到她们非常疲劳，以找出她们的心血管能力峰值)”可知，研究人员要求这些女性做自行车锻炼是为了判断她们的心血管容量。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thesewomenwerelatermonitoredfordementiasixtimesinthenextfortyyears.(在接下来的40年里，这些女性被监测了6次是否患有痴呆症)”可知，研究收集数据花了很长时间。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studieshaveuncoveredthatmiddleagedwomenwhomaintainahighlevelofphysicalfitnessmayreducetheirriskofdevelopingdementia(失智症)bynearly90percentintheirlateryears.Moreover,iftheydodevelopdementia,itislikelytooccuradecadelaterparedtolessactivewomen.(研究发现，保持高水平身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的风险可能会降低近90%。此外，如果她们真的患上痴呆症，与不太活跃的女性相比，她们的发病时间可能要晚10年)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现中年女性保持高水平的身体锻炼可能会显著降低晚年患痴呆症的风险。由此可知，D选项“健康的女性患痴呆症的可能性更小”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Makingyourselfinterestingatagatheringisnotahardjob,asissuggestedbyJessicaHagy,writerof“HowtoBeInteresting”.____36____,ifyouareinanewplaceorvisitingsomeone’shomeforthefirsttime.Themainthingistoewithacuriousmindandtrynewthings,likenewfoodsandtalkingtonewpeople.Almosteveryonelikestotalkabouthis/herownlives.Ifyoustartaconversationwithaquestionlike“Whatisyourjob?”,it’sverylikelytocreateanawkwardsilence.____37____,itmightleadtostorieslike“Icamehereinmyoldcar”or“Imetfunnypeopleonthebus.”Thisway,theconversationcangoinmanydirections.____38____?Ifyoucan’ttakeawaytheirdrink,maybeyoucanfindawaytotakeawaytheirchancetotalkalot.Ifyouaretheonehosting,youcouldaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenandmovethemtoadifferentplace.____39____.Andwhataboutwhenthere’snotalkingatagathering?Whenthere’saquietmoment,thebestwaytogetpeopletalkingagainisbysayingsomethingniceaboutthehost.____40____.Itisadvisabletosay,“Thisfoodisreallygood,andIwanttoknowhowyoumadeit.”Thus,beinginterestingatagatheringisnotthatdifficult.A.ThefirststepistogoexploringB.Ifyouask“Howdidyouehere?”C.HowdoyouknowthepersonwhoinvitedusD.BereadytotalktopeopleyouknowquitewellE.WhataboutthosewhodrinktoomuchortalktoomuchF.HeorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingthatawkwardnessthemostG.Orchangethesubjecttosomethingtheydon’thavemuchtosayabout【答案】36.A37.B38.E39.G40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何在聚会上让自己变得有趣。【36题详解】根据后文“ifyouareinanewplaceorvisitingsomeone’shomeforthefirsttime.Themainthingistoewithacuriousmindandtrynewthings,likenewfoodsandtalkingtonewpeople.(如果你是在一个新的地方或第一次拜访别人的家。最重要的是要有一个好奇的头脑，尝试新事物，比如新的食物，和新的人交谈)”可知，本段为第一个建议，且后文主要建议去拜访别人的家，即建议外出探索新事物。故A选项“第一步是去探索”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据后文“itmightleadtostorieslike“Icamehereinmyoldcar”or“Imetfunnypeopleonthebus.”(它可能会导致诸如“我开着我的旧车来这里”或“我在公共汽车上遇到了有趣的人”这样的故事)”可知，后文主要列举了关于如何来的问题是回答，即本句与乘坐交通工具有关。故B选项“如果你问‘Howdidyouehere?’”符合语境，故选B。【38题详解】根据后文“Ifyoucan’ttakeawaytheirdrink,maybeyoucanfindawaytotakeawaytheirchancetotalkalot.Ifyouaretheonehosting,youcouldaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenandmovethemtoadifferentplace.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，也许你可以想办法拿走他们多说话的机会。如果你是主人，你可以让他们在厨房帮你，把他们移动到另一个地方)”可知，后文提到拿走对方的酒或者多说话的机会，即本句与遇到喝酒太多、说话太多的人有关。故E选项“那些喝得太多或话太多的人怎么办”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据上文“Ifyoucan’ttakeawaytheirdrink,maybeyoucanfindawaytotakeawaytheirchancetotalkalot.Ifyouaretheonehosting,youcouldaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenandmovethemtoadifferentplace.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，也许你可以想办法拿走他们多说话的机会。如果你是主人，你可以让他们在厨房帮你，把他们移动到另一个地方)”可知，介绍了如何转移那些说太多话的人注意力的方法，下文没有给出内容，但是结合上下文语境，本空需要补充一个继续转移其注意力的方法，故G选项“或者把话题转移到他们没什么可说的事情上”符合语境，故选G。【40题详解】根据上文“Andwhataboutwhenthere’snotalkingatagathering?Whenthere’saquietmoment,thebestwaytogetpeopletalkingagainisbysayingsomethingniceaboutthehost.(如果聚会上没人说话怎么办？在安静的时候，让人们重新说话的最好方法就是说一些主人的好话)”以及后文“Itisadvisabletosay,“Thisfoodisreallygood,andIwanttoknowhowyoumadeit.”(你可以这样说：“这食物真的很好吃，我想知道你是怎么做的。”)”可知，上文描述了让聚会继续下去的一个方法，后文建议是在夸赞主人的食物好吃。由此可知，当聚会陷入安静时，主人应该会感到很尴尬，故F选项“他或她是最感到尴尬的人”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,BridgetWillisrolledintoarestaurantinawheelchair.Whensheapproachedthedoor,thewaiterAlex____41____herandledhertoatable.Duringtheirconversation,Alexlearnedthattheoldladycamehereforaspecial____42____.However,toAlex’ssurprise,allshe____43____werejusttwoapples,anitemthatwasnotlistedonthe____44____.Nevertheless,Alexwentoutofhiswayto____45____herrequest.Being____46____byherunusualbehavior,Alexdecidedtoreportthemattertotheboss,JackHolt.Hecametothediningarea,andwas____47____whenhesawthewomansittingthere,bitinganapple.“Itcan’tbe…”Jackwhisperedas____48____floodedback…Bridgetwasthebusdriverwhousedtotakehimtoschoolwhenhewasten.Theydevelopedagreat____49____.Jackalwaysbroughtherapplesfromhishome,andtheysharedtheapplesduringthefewminutestheywerealoneonthebus.However,everything_____50_____oneday.ThatdayBridget_____51_____thebusaftershetoldthekidstostayinthebusasshethoughtsomethingwaswrongwiththefrontwheel.ButJackinsistedo