国际市场营销学 （原书第18版）测试题答案 Chapter 5 Culture,Management Style,and Business Systems-answerkey

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InternationalMarketing,18e(Cateora)

Chapter5Culture,ManagementStyle,andBusinessSystems

1)Adaptationrequiresbusinessexecutivestoforsaketheirwaysandchangetolocalcustoms.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Adaptationdoesnotrequirebusinessexecutivestoforsaketheirwaysandchangetolocalcustoms;rather,executivesmustbeawareoflocalcustomsandbewillingtoaccommodatethosedifferencesthatcancausemisunderstandings.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

2)KylerecentlytransferredtoNorwayandisworkingwithBrittonamarketingidea,buttheirdifferentapproacheshavecreatedaquandary.IfKyledoesn'tunderstandBritt'scustoms,heismorelikelytoevaluateBritt'sbehaviorbyrelyingonwhatisfamiliartoher.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Theself-referencecriterion(SRC)isespeciallyoperativeinbusinesscustoms.Ifwedonotunderstandourforeigncounterpart'scustoms,wearemorelikelytoevaluatethatperson'sbehaviorintermsofwhatisfamiliartous.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

3)Electivesarebusinesscustomstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Businesscustomscanbegroupedintoimperatives,customsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated;electives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

4)Inordertobesuccessful,abusinessshouldrecognizeandaccommodateanyculturalimperativesassociatedwithaforeignentity.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Imperativesarebusinesscustomsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated.Apartfromimperatives,businesscustomscanbegroupedintoelectives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

5)Themajorityofbusinesscustomsfitintotheculturalelectivecategory.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Culturalelectivesrelatetoareasofbehaviorortocustomsthatculturalaliensmaywishtoconformtoorparticipateinbutthatarenotrequired.Themajorityofcustomsfitintothiscategory.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

6)The"masterofdestiny"philosophyisbasedontheideathatindividualsarenotincontroloftheirownfuturesbutareatthemercyofdecisionsmadebybusinessandgovernment.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:The"masterofdestiny"philosophyisfundamentaltoU.S.managementthought.Simplystated,peoplecansubstantiallyinfluencethefuture;theyareincontroloftheirowndestinies.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

7)TheacceptanceoftheindependententerpriseasaninstrumentofsocialactionisafundamentalconceptofU.S.corporations.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:TheacceptanceoftheideathatindependententerpriseisaninstrumentforsocialactionisthefundamentalconceptofU.S.corporations.Acorporationisrecognizedasanentitythathasrulesandcontinuityofexistenceandisaseparateandvitalsocialinstitution.Thisrecognitioncanresultinstrongfeelingsofobligationtoservethecompany.Indeed,thecompanymaytakeprecedenceoverfamily,friends,oractivitiesthatmightdetractfromwhatisbestforthecompany.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

8)Thenotionthatcompetitioniscrucialforefficiency,improvement,andregenerationisfundamentaltoWesternmanagementpractices.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:PerhapsmostfundamentaltoWesternmanagementpracticesisthenotionthatcompetitioniscrucialforefficiency,improvement,andregeneration.AdamSmithinhisTheWealthofNationswroteoneofthemostimportantsentencesintheEnglishlanguage:"Bypursuinghisowninterestshefrequentlypromotesthatofthesocietymoreeffectuallythanwhenhereallyintendedtopromoteit."

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

9)HighPowerDistanceIndexcountriesaremoreegalitarianthanlowPowerDistanceIndexcountries.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:InhighPowerDistanceIndex(PDI)countriessuchasMexicoandMalaysia,understandingtherankandstatusofclientsandbusinesspartnersismuchmoreimportantthaninmoreegalitarian(lowPDI)societiessuchasDenmarkandIsrael.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

10)Thethreetypicaldecision-makingpatternsaretop-levelmanagementdecisions,decentralizeddecisions,andcommitteeorgroupdecisions.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Althoughtheinternationalbusinesspersonisconfrontedwithavarietyofauthoritypatternsthatcancomplicatedecisionmakingintheglobalenvironment,mostareavariationofthreetypicalpatterns:top-levelmanagementdecisions,decentralizeddecisions,andcommitteeorgroupdecisions.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

11)Family-runbusinessesaremorelikelytofollowthepatternoftop-levelmanagementdecisionmaking.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Top-levelmanagementdecisionmakingisgenerallyfoundinsituationsinwhichfamilyorcloseownershipgivesabsolutecontroltoownersandbusinessesaresmallenoughtoallowsuchcentralizeddecisionmaking.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

12)Inthecommitteedecisionsetup,everycommitteemembermustbeconvincedofthemeritsofthepropositionorproductinquestion.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Committeedecisionmakingisbygrouporconsensus.Inthecommitteedecisionsetup,everycommitteemembermustbeconvincedofthemeritsofthepropositionorproductinquestion.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

13)Workersincountrieshigherinindividualismandlowerinpowerdistanceshowmorecommitmenttotheircompaniesthanworkersincountrieswithlowerindividualismandhigherpowerdistance.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Researchhasshownthatcommitmentofworkerstotheircompaniestendedtobelowerincountrieshigherinindividualism(IDV)andlowerinpowerdistance.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

14)High-contextculturesplacegreatimportanceontheverbalaspectsofcommunication.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Communicationinahigh-contextculturedependsheavilyonthecontextual(whosaysit,whenitissaid,howitissaid)ornonverbalaspectsofcommunication,whereasthelow-contextculturedependsmoreonexplicit,verballyexpressedcommunications.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

15)Businesspeopleinlow-contextculturesusee-mailmoreoftenthanthoseinhigh-contextcultures.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:E-mailuseandusageratesbymanagersarealsoaffectedbyculture.Thatis,businesspeopleinhigh-contextculturesdonotusethemediumtothesameextentasthoseinlow-contextcultures.Muchofthecontextualinformationsoimportantinhigh-contextculturessimplycannotbesignaledviathecomputer.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

16)MostNorthAmericansoperateonmonochronictime.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:M-time,ormonochronictime,typifiesmostNorthAmericans,Swiss,Germans,andScandinavians.TheseWesternculturestendtoconcentrateononethingatatime.Theydividetimeintosmallunitsandareconcernedwithpromptness.M-timeisusedinalinearway,anditisexperiencedasalmosttangible,inthatonesavestime,wastestime,bidestime,spendstime,andlosestime.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

17)Polychronictimeischaracterizedby"agreatinvolvementwithpeople."

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:P-time,orpolychronictime,ismoredominantinhigh-contextcultures,wherethecompletionofahumantransactionisemphasizedmorethanholdingtoschedules.P-timeischaracterizedbythesimultaneousoccurrenceofmanythingsandby"agreatinvolvementwithpeople."P-timeallowsforrelationshipstobuildandcontexttobeabsorbedaspartsofhigh-contextcultures.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

18)Beingdirectandwantingtogettothepointarecharacteristicsofabusinesspersonwhooperatesinpolychronictime.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:TheAmericandesiretogetstraighttothepointandgetdowntobusinessisamanifestationofanM-timeculture,asareotherindicationsofdirectness.TheP-timesystemgivesrisetoloosertimeschedules,deeperinvolvementwithindividuals,andawait-and-see-what-developsattitude.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:SocialCulture

LearningObjective:05-02Howandwhymanagementstylesvaryaroundtheworld.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

19)Currentlyinmostinternationalbusinesses,womenrepresentasmallpercentageoftheemployeeswhoarechosenforaninternationalassignment.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Althoughwomennowconstitute57percentoftheprofessionalandtechnicalU.S.workforce,theyrepresentrelativelysmallpercentagesoftheemployeeswhoarechosenforinternationalassignments—lessthan20percent.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-03Theextentandimplicationsofgenderbiasinothercountries.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

20)Thebusinesscommunity'sdefenseagainstpayoffswasthattheywereawayoflifethroughouttheworld.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Theissuetookonproportionsgreaterthanthatofnondisclosurebecauseitfocusednationalattentiononthebasicquestionofethics.Thebusinesscommunity'sdefensewasthatpayoffswereawayoflifethroughouttheworld:Ifyoudidn'tpaybribes,youdidn'tdobusiness.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

21)Thedistinctionbetweenbriberyandextortiondependsonwhethertheactivityresultedfromanofferorfromademandforpayment.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Thedistinctionbetweenbriberyandextortiondependsonwhethertheactivityresultedfromanofferorfromademandforpayment.Voluntarilyofferedpaymentbysomeoneseekingunlawfuladvantageisbribery.Itisextortionifpaymentsareextractedunderduressbysomeoneinauthorityfromapersonseekingonlywhatheorsheislawfullyentitledto.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

22)Subornationpaymentsaccompanyrequestsforapersontodoajobmorerapidlyormoreefficiently.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Lubricationpaymentsaccompanyrequestsforapersontodoajobmorerapidlyormoreefficiently;subornationisarequestforofficialstoturntheirheads,tonotdotheirjobs,ortobreakthelaw.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

23)Theformofbriberyknownaslubricationiscommoninsomecountriesandinvolvesgivingasmallsumofcashoragifttoalow-rankingpublicofficial.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Lubricationpaymentsaccompanyrequestsforapersontodoajobmorerapidlyormoreefficiently.Lubricationinvolvesarelativelysmallsumofcash,agift,oraservicegiventoalow-rankingofficialinacountrywheresuchofferingsarenotprohibitedbylaw.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

24)Utilitarianethicsistheethicalprinciplethatfocusesontheoptimizationofthe"commongood."

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Threeethicalprinciplesalsoprovideaframeworktohelpthemarketerdistinguishbetweenrightandwrong,determinewhatoughttobedone,andproperlyjustifyhisorheractions.Theyareasfollows:Utilitarianethics:Doestheactionoptimizethe"commongood"orbenefitsofallconstituencies?Andwhoarethepertinentconstituencies?Rightsoftheparties:Doestheactionrespecttherightsoftheindividualsinvolved?Justiceorfairness:Doestheactionrespectthecanonsofjusticeorfairnesstoallpartiesinvolved?

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:EthicalDecisionMaking

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

25)WhencomparingperformanceofAmerican,German,andJapanesefirms,inlessindividualisticcultures,laborandmanagementgenerallydonotgetalong.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Inthelessindividualisticcultures,laborandmanagementcooperate—inGermanylaborisrepresentedoncorporateboards,andinJapan,managementtakesresponsibilityforthewelfareofthelaborforce.TheindividualisticAmericanapproachtolabor–managementrelationsisadversarial—eachsidetakescareofitself.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

26)AdistinguishingcharacteristicofthetypeofcapitalismcommoninChinesecultureistheemphasisonguanxiasthecoordinatingprincipleamongfirms.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:AfourthkindofcapitalismiscommoninChinesecultures.Itsdistinguishingcharacteristicsareamoreentrepreneurialapproachandanemphasisonguanxi(one'snetworkofpersonalconnections)asthecoordinatingprincipleamongfirms.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

27)ChineseculturesarehighonPowerDistanceIndexandlowonIndividualism/CollectiveIndex.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:ChineseculturesarehighonPowerDistanceIndex(PDI)andlowonIndividualism/CollectiveIndex(IDV),andthestrongreciprocityimpliedbythenotionofguanxifitstheavailabledatawell.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-04Theimportanceofculturaldifferencesinbusinessethics.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:Ethics

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

28)High-contextculturesscorehighonpowerdistanceandlowonindividualism.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Low-contextAmericanculturescoresrelativelylowonpowerdistanceandhighonindividualism,whereashigh-contextArabculturesscorehighonpowerdistanceandlowonindividualism.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-05Thedifferencesbetweenrelationship-orientedandinformation-orientedcultures.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

29)Themostmanageriallyusefulaspectofthesynthesisofculturaldifferencesisthatitallowsustomakepredictionsaboutunfamiliarcultures.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Themostmanageriallyusefulaspectofthissynthesisofculturaldifferencesisthatitallowsustomakepredictionsaboutunfamiliarcultures.Managerswhocandoso—andmanageuncertaintywell—havebeenshowntobemuchmoreeffectiveincross-culturalsituations.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-05Thedifferencesbetweenrelationship-orientedandinformation-orientedcultures.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

30)Japanisconsideredarelationship-orientedculturebecauseitachievesefficiencythroughcompetitionandislinguisticallydirect.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Japanisconsideredarelationship-orientedculturebecauseitislinguisticallyindirectandbackgroundfocused.Japanesecultureishighcontext,collectivistic,highpowerdistance,farfromEnglish,polychronic(inpart),linguisticallyindirect,andbackgroundfocused,anditachievesefficiencythroughreductionoftransactioncosts.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-05Thedifferencesbetweenrelationship-orientedandinformation-orientedcultures.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

31)Whatisacriterionforadaptationwhendealingwithindividuals,firms,orauthoritiesinforeigncountries?

A)abilitytoresistvaryingtempos

B)zerotolerance

C)hypersensitivity

D)flexibility

E)lackofcuriosity

Answer:D

Explanation:Asaguidetoadaptation,allwhowishtodealwithindividuals,firms,orauthoritiesinforeigncountriesshouldbeabletomeet10basiccriteria:(1)opentolerance,(2)flexibility,(3)humility,(4)justice/fairness,(5)abilitytoadjusttovaryingtempos,(6)curiosity/interest,(7)knowledgeofthecountry,(8)likingforothers,(9)abilitytocommandrespect,and(10)abilitytointegrateoneselfintotheenvironment.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

32)MarileeunderstandsthatifshewantsherU.S.-basedcompanytoflourishinItaly,shemustbetolerantofItaliancustomsandnormsthatmightdifferfromwhatshedealswithintheUnitedStatesandalsobehumbleandnotassumethathercurrentwayofdoingbusinessistheonlywaytodobusiness.WhatcharacteristicisMarileedemonstrating?

A)adaptation

B)dissonance

C)distancing

D)concession

E)empathy

Answer:A

Explanation:Adaptationisakeyconceptininternationalmarketing,andwillingnesstoadaptisacrucialattitude.Marileeisdemonstratingadaptabilitybybeingtolerantandhumble.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:BasicDecisionsforEnteringForeignMarkets

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Apply

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

33)Whatarethethreecategoriesofbusinesscustoms?

A)rigid,flexible,andnegotiables

B)internals,externals,andconsensualcustoms

C)imperatives,electives,andexclusives

D)national,foreign,andinternational

E)unilateral,bilateral,andmultilateral

Answer:C

Explanation:Businesscustomscanbegroupedintoimperatives,customsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated;electives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

34)ReggieownsasmallstationerycompanyinTennesseeandplanstoentertheFrenchmarkettosellhislineoffinelinenpapers.HerealizesthattherearemanybusinesscustomshewillneedtounderstandandconformtoinordertosucceedinFrance.WhattypeofbusinesscustomisReggieconcernedwith?

A)culturalexclusives

B)businesstruism

C)globalprotocols

D)businessaxioms

E)culturalimperatives

Answer:E

Explanation:Culturalimperativesarethebusinesscustomsandexpectationsthatmustbemetandconformedtooravoidedifrelationshipsaretobesuccessful.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Apply

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

35)Businesscustomsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodatedarecalled

A)imperatives.

B)electives.

C)exclusives.

D)exceptional.

E)constraints.

Answer:A

Explanation:Businesscustomscanbegroupedintoimperatives,customsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated;electives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

36)Jennadoesnotdrinkalcoholandwhenshemeetsclientsfordinnersheknowsthatwhiletheclientmightenjoyaglassofwinewiththemeal,sheisnotrequiredto.Whattypeofbusinesscustomdoesthisillustrate?

A)imperatives

B)electives

C)exclusives

D)individualisticaxioms

E)standardizedaxioms

Answer:B

Explanation:Businesscustomscanbegroupedintoimperatives,customsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated;electives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Apply

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

37)Businesscustomsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipatearecalled

A)imperatives.

B)electives.

C)exclusives.

D)absolutes.

E)statutes.

Answer:C

Explanation:Businesscustomscanbegroupedintoimperatives,customsthatmustberecognizedandaccommodated;electives,customstowhichadaptationishelpfulbutnotnecessary;andexclusives,customsinwhichanoutsidermustnotparticipate.

Difficulty:1Easy

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Remember

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

38)________wouldmostlikelybecharacterizedasbeinganimperativebusinesscustominmanycultures.

A)Establishingfriendships

B)Knowingtospeakandwritethenativelanguage

C)Adheringtolocalfoodhabits

D)Conformingtothenativereligions

E)Havingknowledgeofthelocalsport

Answer:A

Explanation:Establishingfriendshipisanimperativeinmanycultures.Iffriendshipisnotestablished,themarketerrisksnotearningtrustandacceptance,thebasicculturalprerequisitesfordevelopingandretainingeffectivebusinessrelationships.

Difficulty:2Medium

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Understand

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

39)ManuelTores,aseniormanageratCrawfordExportLogistics,goestoFrancetonegotiateadealwiththecompany'sFrenchpartners.Hedressescasuallyinat-shirtandjeans.HisFrenchcounterpartscalloffthemeetingandaccusehimoftakingacasualattitudetowardnegotiations.Inthisscenario,dressingformallyduringbusinessmeetingsisprobablyacultural________fortheFrench.

A)imperative

B)elective

C)exclusive

D)oddity

E)rarity

Answer:A

Explanation:ManuelToreshastodressmoreformallyforthenegotiationmeetingbecauseitisaculturalimperativeforhisFrenchcounterparts.Culturalimperativesarethebusinesscustomsandexpectationsthatmustbemetandconformedtooravoidedifrelationshipsaretobesuccessful.

Difficulty:3Hard

Topic:ElementsofCulture

LearningObjective:05-01Thenecessityforadaptingtoculturaldifferences.

Bloom's:Apply

AACSB:ReflectiveThinking

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

40)NinaMcRidderbecameanembarrassmenttohercompanywhenshejokedabouttherulingmonarchyinEnglandinfrontofagroupofvisitingEnglishbusinesspeople.Sheshouldhaveknownthatpoliticalridiculebyaforeignerisrarelyaccepted.Ms.McRidderhasvio