寒假预习讲义Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came 人教版英语八年级下册

寒假预习八年级下册Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?一、知识点讲解：重点、考点：（一）重要短语：1.atthetimeof...在...的时候2.aheavyrainstorm一阵强风暴雨3.gooff发出响声4.takeahotshower洗热水澡5.begintorainheavily开始下大雨6.missthebus误了车7.pickup接电话8.bringpeoplecloser致使人们更紧密9.strongwinds强风10.blackclouds黑云11.waitforthebusatthebusstop在公交车站等车12.putpiecesofwoodoverthewindows将木头板覆盖在窗户上13.havetrouble/problems/difficultydoingsth做某事有困难14.beatheavilyagianstthewindows猛烈的敲击着窗户15.playacardgame玩纸牌16.atfirst刚开始17.fallasleep入睡18.diedown逐渐消失19.wakeup醒来20.inamess一团遭21.makesure确保22.beimportanttosb对某人重要23.joinsb加入某人24.break...apart使..支离破碎25.helpeachother彼此相互帮助26.intimesofdifficulty:在困难时期

27.takethecartothecarwash送车去洗28.listentotheradio听收音机29.getkilled=bekilled被杀30.theplaceoftheaccident事故发生地31.havealook(at...)看32.beinbadshape形状不佳34.Areyoukidding?你开玩笑了？35.bythesideoftheroad在马路边上36.walkby路过37.makeoneway(to...)前往...38.pointsthouttosb向某人指出39.stopbreathing停止呼吸40.calloutthewinner大声喊出赢家41.lookoutof向外面看去42.beshockedtodosth做某事感到震惊43.atthattime在那时44.becompletelyshocked完全被震惊了45.therestof剩余的...46.insilence安静地47.betakendownbyterrorists被恐怖分子摧毁48.havemeaningtosb对某人有意义49.tellthetruth讲实话rememberdoingsth记得做过了某事（二）、句型归纳：1.bebusydoingsth忙着做某事例：Hewasbusyingstudyingforatest.他正忙着为考试而学习。2.bebusywithsth忙于某事例：Shewasbusyingwithherhomework.她正忙着做作业。3.seesb/sthdoingsth看见某人或某物正在做某事4.begin/starttososth开始做某事例：Ibegintostudyit.=Istarttostudyit.我开始学习它。5.trytodosth努力做某事例：Shetriedtofixitup.她尽力把它修好。6.trydoingsth尝试做某事例：Hetrieddoingit.他试着做它。7.havetrouble(in)doingsth=haveproblems(in)doingsth=havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难例：Wehavetrouble/problem/difficulty(in)finishingthework.我们完成这项工作有困难。8.feellikedoingsth想要做某事例：Shedidn’tfeellikeeatinganything.她不想吃任何东西。9.Itisreportedthat+从句据报道…例：It’sreportedthatit’scloudytomorrow.据报道，明天天气多云。（三）、重点句型：1.—Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight? 昨晚8点你在干什么？—Iwastakingashower. 我在洗淋浴。Whenitbegantorain,Benwashelpinghismommakedinner. 当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3.—WhatwasJennydoingwhileLindawassleeping? 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？—WhileLindawassleeping,JennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。考点讲解：1、Iwaswaitingforthebuswhenitbegantorainheavily.当开始下大雨时，我正在等公共汽车。1)begin意为“开始”，过去式began,过去分词begun,现在分词beginning，其同义词start。其后可接名词、代词、todosth或doingsth。例：Let’sbegintowork.咱们开始工作吧。Hebegantolearn/learningFrenchtwoyearsago.他两年前开始学法语。【拓展】begin后接动词不定式或动词ing形式，在许多情况下，二者可以互换。但在以下三种情况下，通常接动词不定式。①主语是物而不是人时例：Theicebegantomelt.冰开始融化了。②begin本身为ing形式时例：Heisjustbeginningtodrawthepicture.他刚开始画那副画。③begin后的宾语是与感情、想法有关的表示心理活动的动词，如understand,know,feel等时。例：Ibegantounderstandit.我开始明白这件事了。2)heavily副词，意为“大量地；在很大程度上”，其形容词形式为heavy。例：Itsnowedheavilyyesterday.昨天雪下得很大。2、Icalledatsevenandyoudidn’tpickup.我7点给你打电话，你没有接。pickup为“动词+副词”结构的短语，意为“接电话”，相当于pickupthephone.【拓展】pickup还可意为“捡起；接(某人)”。例：Myrulerisunderyourdesk.Pleasepickitupforme.我的尺子在你的桌子底下。请帮我捡起来。Canyoupickmeupattheairport?你能到机场接我吗？3、Icalledagainateightandyoudidn’tanswertheneither.我8点又给你打电话，你那时也没接。【辨析】either,also,too与aswellEither“也(不)”，用于否定句，一般放在句末。Ididn’tcometoschoolyesterdayeither.我昨天也没来学校。Also“也”，一般用于肯定句，常放在句中。ShespeaksEnglishandshealsowritesEnglish.她说英语，也写英语。Too“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句，常放在句末，经常前加逗号。Areyougoingtoworktoo?你也要去上班吗？aswell“也”，用于肯定句，位于句末。Icanswimaswell.我也会游泳。4、Ben’sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.本的爸爸正在把一块块木头钉在窗户上，而他的妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。1)wood此处作不可数名词，意为“木：木头；木材”。apieceofwood“一块木头”例：Heputsomewoodinthefire.【拓展】wood作可数名词，常用复数，意为“树林”。例：Sheisafraidtowalkthroughthewoodsatnight.她害怕晚上经过那片树林。2)makesure意为“务必；确认；弄清”，后常接that从句或of短语。例：Makesurethatyouputdowneverywordshesays.你务必几下她说的每一个字。Wemustmakesureofit.我们必须把这件事弄明白。5、Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhenthetrainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindows.当雨开始对着窗户猛烈敲打时，本在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。1)beat(过去式beat,过去分词beaten)作不及物动词，意为“敲打；(心脏、脉搏等)跳动”。例：Therainisbeatingheavilyagainstthewindows.雨在猛烈地敲打着窗户。Hisheartstoppedbeating.他的心脏停止了跳动。【拓展】beat作及物动词，意为“打败”。例：Webeatthemby3:2.我们以3比2打败了他们。2)against作介词，意为“碰；撞；倚着；靠着”。例：Putthepianothere,withitsbackagainstthewall.把钢琴放在那里，使它的背靠着墙。【拓展】against作介词，还可意为“反对”。例：Theyareagainsttheplan.他们反对这个计划。6、Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.在大约凌晨3点风逐渐变弱使他终于睡着了。【辨析】asleep,sleepy与sleepingasleep“睡着”，常作表语Heisasleeponthesofa.他在沙发上睡着了。sleepy“要睡的；困倦的”，可作表语和定语Ifeelsleepy.I’mgoingtobed.我感到困了，要去睡觉了。sleeping“睡着的”，作定语；还可表示与睡有关的东西，如sleepingbags(睡袋)，sleepingpills(安眠药)Ayoungwomanwithasleepingbabyinherarmsgotonthebus.一个年轻的妇女，怀里抱着一个睡着的孩子，上了公共汽车。7、Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.当他醒来时，太阳正冉冉升起。【辨析】rise与raiserise不及物动词着重指“上升；升高”主语通常是升高的物体本身Thesunrises.太阳升起来。raise及物动词着重指“抬起，举起，提起”强调把某物从较低处抬(举、提)到较高处。它可以用于比喻，如提高价值、名誉、地位、工资等Thegirlraisedtheboxtothecar.女孩将箱子搬到车上。8、Theroadswereicybecauseoftheheavysnowfromthenightbefore.由于前天晚上的大雪，路面是结满冰的。icy形容词，意为“覆盖着冰的；冰冷的”，其名词形式为ice(冰)。例：Itisnoteasytowalkontheicyroads.在结满冰的路面上行走不容易。【拓展】在英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀-y可构成相应的形容词：fog雾→foggy有雾的cloud云→cloudy多云的 rain雨→rainy下雨的snow雪→snowy下雪的 wind风→windy有风的sun阳光→sunny晴朗的9、You’rekdding!你在开玩笑吧！kid动词，意为“开玩笑”。例：Don’tgetmad.Iwasonlykidding.别生气，我只不过是在开玩笑。【拓展】1)kid作动词，还可意为“欺骗”。例：Don’tkidyourself!别自欺欺人了！2)kid还可用作名词，意为“孩子”。例：Hehastwokids.他有两个孩子。10、IwassoscaredthatIcouldhardlythinkclearlyafterthat.我是那么害怕以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事了。【辨析】hardly与hardhardly副词，意为“几乎不”HehardlywatchesTV.他几乎不看电视。hard作形容词，意为“难的，硬的”Shefoundithardtodecide.她发现难以决定。作副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”Weshouldworkhard.我们应当努力工作。11、Whilemybrotherwaslaughing,thetelevisionnewsreportedthatotherpeoplehadseenthelightaswell.当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道别人也看见了亮光。hadseen为过去完成时，过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生或完成了的动作，由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。例：IrealizedthatIhadleftmyhomeworkathome.我意识到我把家庭作业忘在家里了。Thefilmhadbegunwhenhegottothecinema.当他到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。难点、易错点：语法讲解：过去进行时定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作.构成：其构成形式为was/were+动词的现在分词。常用的时间状语:atthattime、atthistimelastnight、thismorning、at10；30yesterday、thewholemorning、alldayyesterday、fromninetotenlastevening等等,或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。Theywerereadingbooksfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候他们在读书。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么?WhenIsawhimhewascleaninghisroom.当我看见他的时候他正在打扫他的房间.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.他边等车边看报.（两个动作都是延续的）4.基本句式：1).肯定句：由“主语+was/were+动词ing+其它”构成Theywerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang.当电话响时，她们正在吃晚饭2).否定句：由“主语+was/werenot+动词ing+其它”构成ThistimeyesterdayIwasnotwatchingTV.昨天这个时候,我不是在看电视。3).一般疑问句：由“Was/Were+主语+动词ing+其它”组成肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were.否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren’t.Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?肯定回答：Yes,Iwas/were.否定回答：No,Iwasn't/weren’t.4).特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday? 你昨天这个时候在干什么？【辨析1】：过去进行时和一般过去时的区别：过去进行时通常表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作正在进行；一般过去时则通常表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，强调过去的动作已经完成。如：Iwasreadingthenewspaperlastnight.我昨晚在看书。(不一定看完)Ireadthenewspaperlastnight.我昨晚看了报纸。(已经看完)【辨析2】：when和while的用法区别：when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。when是atorduringthetimethat,既指时间点，也可指一段时间；在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。如：1）IwasjustwatchingTVwhenmyfathercameintomyroom.当我爸爸走进我房间时,我正在看电视.2）Wereyoureadingabookwhentheteachercamein?老师进来的时候,你在读书吗?2.while是duringthetimethat，只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。因而在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。如：1）WhileTomwasdoinghishomework,LinTaocametoseehim.正当汤姆做作业时,林涛来看他.2）Youcan’tdoyourhomeworkwhileyou’rewatchingTV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业.3.when和while的区别还在于：由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。如：Whentheteachercamein,weweretalking.当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.二、课堂练习：=1\*ROMANI、单项填空。（15分）()1.

Whenthemandownstairsknockedatthedoor,I

_______.

A.

amdoinghousework B.wasdoinghousework

C.weredoinghousework

D.amgoingtodohousework()2.Thereisablackboard

________ourclassroom.Ourteacherwasstanding________theblackboardatthistimeyesterday.

A.infrontof;inthefrontof B.inthefrontof;on

C.inthefrontof;infrontof D.infrontof;in()3.—Look!Thecat________fromthetree.—Yes.It

________thetreejustnow.

A.isjumpingdown;climbedup

B.isjumpingdown;isclimbingup

C.jumpsdown;wasclimbingup

D.jumpsdown;climbed()4.Whatwereyoudoing________

lastSundaymorning?

A.atB.in C.over D./()5.WhileIwasatthe________,Iheardanurse

________Davy’sname.

A.doctors’;call B.doctor’s;tocall

C.doctor’s;calling D.doctors’;called()6.

Theboywithtwodogs________

intheyardwhentheearthquakehitthecity.

A.isplaying B.areplaying

C.wereplaying D.wasplaying()7.Myfatherwasreadinganewspaperwhilemymother________dinner. A.iscooking B.cooks C.wascooking D.willcook()8.Allthestudentsweresleeping_______theyheardaman_______“help”.A.when;shoutingB.while;toshoutC.when;toshoutD.while;shouted()9TherainstormcamewhileAnn________herpurseintheclassroom.A.waslookingforB.lookedforC.islookingatD.looksat()10.._________beautifulparkXiaoyaojinParkis!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()11.“Theyarefillingthebagswithclothes.”meansthey’re________AputtingtheirclothesawayB.puttingtheirclothesintothebagsC.puttingdowntheirclothesD.puttingontheirclothes()12.Mr.Blacktalkedabouthissonwiththeteacherthephone.A.byB.onC.inD.with()13—Whatareyoudoing? —Iamthinkingaboutattheclassmeeting.A.howsayB.whatsayC.howtosayD.whattosay()14.—Dad,couldyoupleasedrive?—Nohurry.Wehaveenoughtimebeforetheplanetakesoff.A.fasterB.fastestC.moreslowlyD.morecarefully()15.Itriedseveraljacketson,but______ofthemlookedgood.A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.neither=2\*ROMANII、完形填空。（10分）MrBlackwasonceapoliceman.Hewasakindperson.Helikedtohaveawalkintheparkafterbreakfast.Itwasverycold16awintermorning.MrBlackwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenheheardacryforhelp.Heturnedaroundbutcouldseenobody.Hestoppedandlookedhereandthere.Atthemoment,aboy17tohim.Theboywasinsuchahurry18hecouldn’tsayawordexceptpointingtowardstheriver.MrBlackrealizedwhathadhappenedandrantotheriverassoonaspossible.19ofthemranalongtheriverandsawagirlinthewater.She20apieceofwood.Itwascarryingheraway.Itwastoo21.Withoutaword,MrBlacktookoffhisclothesas22ashecould,andjumpedintotheriver.He23tothegirlandtookherbacknearthebankandliftedthegirlup,andthentheboyhelped24heroutofthewater.Thentheystoppedacarandtookthegirltothe25.Atlastthegirl’slifewassaved,andshethankedthemverymuch.()16.A.inB.on C.at D.for()17.A.walkedupB.lookedout C.rushedout D.ranup()18.A.soB.and C.that D.but()19.A.AllB.Both C.Neither D.either()20.A.washoldingB.waslifting C.istaking D.ispushing()21.A.heavyB.exciting C.dangerous D.interesting()22.A.slowlyB.carefully C.quickly D.quietly()23.A.swamB.ran C.flew D.walked()24.A.pushB.pull C.bring D.take()25.A.houseB.school C.park D.hospital=3\*ROMANIII、根据短文内容,从方框中选出恰当的单词填空,使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次,有两项多余(10分)strangecallaboutwakefunnywithsilencescarefollowwhilesuddenlysleepYesterday,whenIwas_____1_____inthebedroom,Idreamedastrangedream.Ihadanunusualexperience.WhenIwentintothekitchen,Ifoundtherewasnowaterinthefridge.SoIwantedtobuysomewater.___2____Iwaswalkinginthestreet,____3____aUFOlandedjustinfrontofme.Youcanimaginehow____4____itwas!Analiengotout.I____5____himtoseewherehewasgoing.Suddenly,henoticedme.Iwasso____6____thatIranaway.ThenIsawacaraccident.I____7____thepolice.Someshopownersheard____8_____thething.Theshopsclosed.hewholestreetwasnotsolivelyasusual.Everyonewasin_____9_____.IwassofrightenedthatI____10____upsuddenly.=4\*ROMANIV、单词拼写（10分）A)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。36.Iwascuttingmyhairwhenthes_____________(奇怪的)manpassedthedoor.37.Ben’smomwasputtingsomecandlesandm_____________(火柴)onthetable.38.Wewerehavingfuninthep_____________(操场)whentheschoolbellrang.39.Robertandhisfriendswerec_____________(完全)surprisedtohearthenews.40.ThenewsonTVr_____________(报道)thattherewasarainstorminthearea.B)根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。41.Wewereclimbingupthemountainwhenitbegantorain___________(heavy).42.Bendidn’tfallasleepuntilthewind___________(diedown)ataround3:00a.m.43.Hehadafightwithhisbestfriend,andtheywalkedhomein__________(silent).44.Iwastootiredandstillsleepingwhenmyalarm___________(gooff).45.Katedidn’tthinkherfriendwastellingthe____________(true)abouttheevent课后小结；巩固练习：=1\*ROMANI、单项选择。（10分）1.Hewassleepinglate_______someoneknockedonthedoor.A.when B.while C.as D.after2._____Iwaswalkingtoschool,Isawacatclimbingatree.A.When B.While C.Before D.After3.Marytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey________computergames.A．play B．areplaying C．haveplayed D．wereplaying4.--Whatishedoingatthistimeyesterday? --He_______.A.sleep B.slept C.wassleeping D.sleeping5.--Whydoyoualwayssleep________thelighton?--BecauseI'mafraidofthedark.A．by B．with C．let D．have6.Shewas_______tohearthenews.A.surprised B.surprise C.surprising D.surprises7.Pleaseremember________yournotebookheretomorrow.A.brings B.brought C.bringing D.tobring8.Passmetheglasses,Tom.Ican________watchTVclearly.A.rather B.really C.hardly D.quite9.Aftertheheavyrain，theriver________alot.A.beat B.pushed C.reported D.rose10.We________themand________thefootballmatchyesterdayevening.A.won；beat B.beat；beat C.beat；won D.won；won=2\*ROMANII、完形填空（10分）。Doyouthinkofyourparents?“Yes,ofcourse,”youmayanswer,“Ibuyapresentformymotheron16.AndIgivemyfatherapresentonFather’sDay,17.”thenwhatabouttheotherdaysofayear?Always18tothinkofyourparents,notjustonsomeimportantdays.Ihaveafriendwho19alone,becauseherparentsliveinanothercity.OnedayIwenttoseeher.Wehadnicechat.Thenshewantedtomakea20.Shedialed(拨)thenumber,butthensheputthephone21.Afterabouttenseconds,shedialedthenumberagain.“Hi,Mum…”LaterIasked,“Whydidyoudialthenumber22?”Shesmiled,“Myparentsareold.Theycan’tgetclosetothetelephone23.IalwaysdosowhenIcallthem.Ijustwanttogivethem24timetoanswerthecall.”Myfriendisagoodgirl.Sheisalways25herparents.Youalsowanttobeagoodchild,right?Sowhynotlearnfromher?()16.A.Father’sDay B.Mother’sDay C.Teacher’sDay D.Children’sDay()17.A.too B.also C.either D.yet()18.A.refuse(拒绝) B.forget