2019年高考英语一轮复习专题04Bodylanguage（教学案）新人教版必修4

专题04Bodylanguage【高频单词】1．represent(vt.)代表；象征→representative(adj.)有代表性的(n.)代表；典型2．adult(n.)成人；成年人(adj.)成人的；成熟的3．function(n.)作用；功能；职能(vi.)起作用；运转4．ease(n.)安逸；舒适(vt.)减轻(痛苦、忧虑)5．false(adj.)错误的；假的6．rank(n.)等级；军衔7．dash(vi.)猛冲；突进8．approach(vt.&vi.)接近；靠近；走近(n.)接近；方法；途径9．association(n.)社团；联系；联想→associate(vt.)把……联系起来10．curious(adj.)好奇的→curiously(adv.)好奇地→curiosity(n.)好奇；好奇心11．defend(vt.)保护；保卫→defence(n.)防御；保卫→defensive(adj.)防御性的12．major(adj.)主要的→majority(n.)大多数；大部分13．misunderstand(vt.)误解；误会→misunderstanding(n.)误解；误会→misunderstood(过去式/过去分词)14．spoken(adj.)口语的→unspoken(反义词)(adj.)未说出口的；非口语的15．truly(adv.)真实地；真诚地；真正地→true(adj.)真实的→truth(n.)事实；真理16．statement(n.)陈述；说明→state(vt.)声明；陈述→state(n.)状态；州；国家17．simply(adv.)简单地；只→simple(adj.)简单的；朴素的→simplify(vt.)简化18．anger(n.)怒气；怒火→angry(adj.)生气的→angrily(adv.)愤怒地；生气地19．greet(vi.&vt.)迎接；问候→greeting(n.)迎接；问候；招呼20．subjective(adj.)主观的→subject(n.)学科；主观事物→objective(反义词)(adj.)客观的21．facial(adj.)面部的→face(n.)脸；面部【重点短语】1．defend..._against防御；保卫……以免受……2．be_likely_to很可能……；有希望……3．in_general总的来说；通常4．at_ease舒适；快活；自由自在5．lose_face丢脸6．turn_one's_back_to背对7．in_defence防御；保卫8．on_the_contrary相反9．be_nervous_about对……感到紧张10．in_most_cases在大多数情况下【热点句型】1．特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分？WhatDo_you_think(你认为)isthepurposeoflanguage?2．动词不定式作后置定语The_first_person_to_arrive(第一个到达的人)wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.3．notall...表示部分否定Not_all_cultures_greet_each_other_the_same_way(各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同),noraretheyfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.4.(sb./sth.)belikelytodosth.(某人或某物)可能做某事However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandare_more_likely_to_touch(很可能接触)them.高频考点一单词例1、representvt.代表；象征；表现；描写；描绘；声称Yesterday,anotherstudentandI，representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.(P26)昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们大学的学生会，到首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。【归纳拓展】eq\a\vs4\al(representsb.as/tobe...宣称某人为……,representsth.tosb.向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事,representoneselfas/tobe...自称是……,representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表)【语境助记】①Youmightrepresent_each_letterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.你可以使用数字来代表每个字母，例如，让我们把字母表中的字母按顺序从1排到26。②Hewaspickedoutfromthewholeclassto_represent_themtotheotherschool.他被挑选出来作为全班同学的代表，到另一所学校去。③Herepresented_himself_as/to_beanofficer.他自称是一名军官。④Thechairmanrepresentedtheimportanceofthebilltotheaudience.主席向听众说明法案的重要性。⑤Theassociationissendingrepresentativestotheconference.该协会将派代表出席大会。【易混辨析】represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”、“某种标志代表……”、“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是……”和“把某人/物描绘成……”onbehalfof只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”standfor往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征……”⑥选词填空(represent/onbehalfof/standfor)a．Heacceptedtheinvitationon_behalf_ofthewholeclass.b．TheletterAcanstand_forseveralsoundsinEnglish.c．Hewaschosentorepresentourschoolatthemeeting.例2、curiousadj.好奇的Juliewascurioustofindoutmore,soaftertalkingwithherparentsthatevening,shebookedaflighttoSouthAmerica.朱莉想了解更多，所以那晚与父母交谈之后订了去南美的航班。【归纳拓展】(1)becuriousabout对……感到好奇Becuriousto_dosth.渴望做某事(2)curiosityn.好奇心out_ofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心withcuriosity＝curiously好奇地【语境助记】①Inhighschool,Ibecamecurious_abouttheputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.在高中时，我对电脑感到好奇，并且建立了我的第一个网站。②I'mcuriousto_knowwhathashappenedtohim.我想知道他发生了什么事。③Thelittleboy,out_of_curiosity,_tooktheradiosetapart.这个小男孩出于好奇把收音机给拆了。④Itisgoodtobe_curious_abouttheworldaroundyoubecauseIthinkcuriosityisthebestteacher.对你周围的世界感到好奇是件好事，因为我认为好奇心是最好的老师。3.approachvt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近n．接近；方法；途径TonyapproachedJulia，touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek！托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，并亲了一下她的脸颊！【归纳拓展】(1)attheapproachof在……快要来临的时候anapproachto(doing)sth.做某事的方法(2)approachsth./sb.接近，靠近某物/某人with...approaching随着……的临近【名师点睛】(1)approach表示“接近；靠近”时，为不可数名词；表示“处理、对待……的方法、途径”时，为可数名词，其后常与to搭配。(2)表示“(做)事情的方法”的搭配有：theapproachto(doing)sth.thewaytodo/of(doing)sth.themeansof(doing)sth.themethodof(doing)sth.(3)注意以下不同的介词搭配：withthismethod/inthisway/bythismeans。【语境助记】①Approachingthevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.他们靠近那辆车，看见一个妇女正努力从破损的窗户向外爬。②Thetimeforgraduationis_approaching.毕业的日子即将来临。③Theytookamorereasonableapproach_to_teaching_their_children,_conveyingtothemhowsuccessatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives.他们采取一种更合理的方法教育他们的孩子，向他们传达在学校成功是如何改善他们的生活的。④Manykindsofbirdsflysouthat_the_approach_ofwinter.冬季来临之时，许多种鸟往南方飞。例4、defendvt.保护；保卫defencen．防御；保卫Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.(P26)她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。【归纳拓展】(1)defendsb./sth.from/againstsb./sth.保护某人/某物免受某人/某物的伤害defendoneselfagainststh.为自己辩护(2)indefence(of...)为了保卫(……)insb.'s/sth.'sdefence为某人/某物辩护；在某人/某物的保护下【语境助记】①Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.他们帮助身体对抗某种感染。②Theirdutyistodefend_the_country_againstitsenemies.他们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人的侵袭。③Itissaidthatthemurdererhasemployedafamouslawyerto_defend_himself.据说那个杀人犯聘请了一位著名的律师为他辩护。④Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthefloodin_defence_oftheirownhomes.所有的人，无论男女老幼，都与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。【易混辨析】defend着重指用武力抵御攻击和侵犯protect指采取一定措施，使用某些器具以保护人或物免遭损害，使用范围广泛guard强调通过看守警戒，以确保安全⑤用defend,protect,guard的正确形式填空a．ThesergeanttoldSwifttoguardtheentrancetothebuilding.b．Wemustprotectthechildrenfromharm.c．Weshalldefendourcountry,whatevercostmaybe.高频考点二短语例1、belikelyto很可能……；有希望……However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.(P26)不过，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能(用身体)接触对方。【归纳拓展】(1)sb./sth.belikelyto_dosth.某人/某物可能做某事Itislikelytodosth.做某事是可能的。Itislikelythat...做……是可能的。(主语从句)Notlikely!不可能！(2)unlikelyadj.不太可能的【语境助记】①Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikelyto_bringyourworkhome.如果你在办公室之外发现了你喜欢做的事情，你就不大可能把工作带回家。②Peoplewithstart­upfatiguearemostlikelyto_delaytasks.在开始阶段有疲惫感的人们很有可能会推迟任务。③Youarelikelyto_sufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.＝It_is_likelythatyoucouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果你继续吸烟，很有可能会健康状况不佳。④It'sprettyunlikelythatthey'llturnupnow—it'snearlyteno'clock.他们现在不大可能来了——都快10点了。易混辨析likely指从外表、迹象上进行判断有可能发生。既可以用人也可以用物作主语Itislikelythat...或sb./sth.islikelyto...possible指客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。不能用人作主语Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.或Itispossiblebableprobable的可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。也不能以人作主语It'sprobablethat...不能用It'sprobableforsb.todo这一结构例2、ingeneral总的来说；通常Ingeneral，though，studyinginternationalcustomscancertainlyhelpavoiddifficultiesintoday'sworldofculturalcrossroads！但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难！【归纳拓展】(1)generalknowledge常识asageneralrule一般而言；通常(2)generallyadv.一般地；通常地generallyspeaking通常来说；总的来说(在句中作插入语)(3)onthewhole总的来说＝inaword＝inshort＝inbrief＝allinall＝ingeneral【语境助记】①In_general,_theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.总的来说，她们会比男性多活六、七年。②Generallyspeaking,parentscaremoreabouttheirchildren'shealththanabouttheirown.一般来说，父母关心孩子的健康胜过关心自己的健康。③Asageneralrule,themoreexpensivetheputeris,thebetteritis.一般来说，电脑越贵越好。例3、loseface丢脸；失面子Thereareunhappysmiles,suchaswhensomeone“losesface”andsmilestohideit.(P30)还有不愉快的微笑，比如说当某人“丢脸”时，他们用微笑来掩盖。【归纳拓展】(1)saveone'sface挽回面子makeaface做个鬼脸(2)befacedwith面对(3)face_to_face面对面in(the)faceof面对(问题、困难、危险等)【语境助记】①You'dbettermakegreateffortstoachieveit,otherwiseyouwilllose_face.你最好全力以赴去实现它，否则你会颜面尽失的。②I'venevermetherface_to_face.We'veonlytalkedonthephone.我从来没有和她见过面。我们只在中交谈过。③[2016·天津高考]Weshouldnotloseheartin_face_of_difficulties.Ifweworkhard,wewillfindawayout.在面对困难之时，我们不应该泄气，如果我们继续努力，我们就会找到出路。④Ratherthanadmitfailure,Frankmade_a_faceinordertosave_his_face.弗兰克为了保全面子，没有承认失败，而是做了个鬼脸。⑤Faced_with_difficulties,_wenevergiveupbuttryourbesttofindawayout.面对困难时，我们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。例4、atease舒适；快活；自由自在Themostuniversalfacialexpressionis,ofcourse,thesmile—itsfunctionistoshowhappinessandputpeopleatease.微笑当然是最通用的面部表情，它的作用是表达快乐和安人心境。【归纳拓展】(1)withease轻易地；毫不费力地feel/lookatease感到/看上去心情放松putsb.atease使某人放松takeone'sease休息；轻松一下(2)easesb.ofsth.减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)【语境助记】①Hedidn'tfeelpletelyat_easeinthestrangesurroundings.他在陌生的环境中感到不那么自在。②Whenyoufeelnervous,you'dbetterlistentosomelightmusicto_put_yourself_at_ease.当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松下来。③Hepassedtheexamwith_ease.他轻而易举地通过了考试。④Themedicineeased_him_ofthepain.这药减轻了他的疼痛。高频考点三句型Thefirstpersonto_arrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱丽娅·史密斯。【归纳拓展】toarrive是不定式作后置定语。(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，next,only,last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰抽象名词，常见的有：ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,attempt,way等。(3)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。【语境助记】①In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomanto_wintheNobelPeacePrize.在1931年，亚当斯成为美国第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的女士。②ZhangMengxuewasthefirstChineseathleteto_winthegoldmedalinthe31thOlympicGames.张梦雪是在第31届奥运会上第一位获得金牌的中国运动员。③Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilityto_producebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(肾)failureanddeath.这影响了它们的神经系统和繁殖能力，还会导致肾衰竭和死亡。④Theabilityto_expressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。⑤MrLiboughtafortableflatto_live_in.李先生买了一套舒适的公寓住。高频考点四语法动词­ing形式作定语和状语一、动词的­ing形式作定语1.表示名词的属性、作用或用途。Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.2.表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于一个定语从句。Theboystudyingintheclassroomisourmonitor.(＝Theboywhoisstudyingintheclassroomisourmonitor.)3.当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在该名词后。Iwassatisfiedwiththeexcitingspeech.Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.二、动词的­ing形式作状语动词的­ing形式在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况等。Turningaround,Isawacardrivingup.Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Icouldn'tgetintouchwithhim.Workinghard,you'llmakegreatprogress.Thesnowlastedaweek,resultinginaserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.【2018·全国III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.___36___WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.____37____It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."___38___"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges.“They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile._____39_____”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.____40____Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,etoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenWhenI'mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingpletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.【答案】36.B37.D38.A39.F40.E【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。36.根据后文WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.等可知，这里是说在美国到处有人跳舞，从佛罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，故选B。38.根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。39.根据前句theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile,所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。40.根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。【2018·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubeeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoacplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould._____31_____Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.____32____Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag._____33_____Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.______34______Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.______35______Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybeeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoueacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly【答案】31.G32.F33.E34.B35.C【解析】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。32.考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的户内户外环境，F项中keepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人，与本段意思一致，故选F。33.考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃圾袋，E项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选E。34.考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项：好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人，符合本段内容，故选B。35.考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中consideratebehavior是下文内容的概括，故选C。1.【2017·新课标I】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turningleft!