专题03 预防欺凌 从身边小事做起-备战2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练（解析版）

专题03预防欺凌从身边小事做起备战2022-2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练A（2022·重庆开州·统考一模）Alishaisa12-year-oldgirlandshefeelsupsetthesedays.Shedoesn’twanttogotoschoolortalkwithanyoneelse.That’sprobablybecauseshewassufferingtheschoolbully(校园欺凌).JustlikeAlisha,manyyoungChinesestudentsarehavingthesameproblems.Theymayfeellonelyandworried.What’sworse,theymayevenwanttokillthemselvestogetawayfromthebadsituation.Schoolbullyoftenhappensbetweenstudentsagedfrom8to18intheirdailylife.Andithasbecomeaserioussocialproblemalloverthecountry.Schoolbulliesmaycomeinmanydifferentreasons:theymayhappenjustbecausesomeoneissearchingfor“freshandnew”feelings;orTHEYmayjustcomeoutofnoreasons;orbigguysjustwanttodoit.Afteralargenumberofreportsandacarfulresearchonthefurtherreasonsofschoolbully,manyexpertssaythatbeingshortof(缺乏)parents’loveandguidancemaybethemaincauseforthissocialproblem.Howcanwedealwithschoolbully?Manyotherdevelopedcountries,includingtheUSandtheUK,havemadeverystrictlawstostopschoolbully.AfterreportedbythelocalTVsandradios,threeChinesegirls,studyingintheUS,whobulliedoneoftheirclassmatesveryseriously,havepaidanenormous(巨大的)pricefortheirbehavior.1．Accordingtothepassage,Alisha________.A．is13yearsold B．wantstogotoschoolC．feelsupsetthesedays D．wantstotalkwithothers2．Theword“THEY”inparagraph2means________.

A．Chinesestudents B．schoolbullies C．reports D．schoolbullyreasons3．IfyoubullyyourclassmateseriouslyintheUS,you________.A．mayfeellonelyB．loseyourparents’loveC．maybebulliedbythisclassmateD．maypayanenormouspriceforthebehavior4．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．agirlcalledAlisha B．theschoolbully C．threeChinesegirls D．theschoollife【答案】1．C

2．B

3．D

4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过Alisha的例子引出了校园欺凌这种现象，并对校园欺凌行为进行分析，许多国家为杜绝这种现象而进行的努力。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Alishaisa12-year-oldgirlandshefeelsupsetthesedays.”可知，Alisha这些天感到沮丧。故选C。2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Schoolbulliesmaycomeinmanydifferentreasons”可知，此处的“they”指的是校园欺凌。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Afterreported...

threeChinesegirls,studyingintheUS,whobulliedoneoftheirclassmatesveryseriously,havepaidanenormous(巨大的)pricefortheirbehavior.”可以推断出，如果在美国校园欺凌其他同学，欺凌者将会为他们的行为付出巨大代价。故选D。4．主旨大意题。本文通过Alisha的例子引出了校园欺凌这种现象，并对校园欺凌行为进行分析，许多国家为杜绝这种现象而进行的努力，文中所有内容均与校园欺凌有关，因此这篇文章主要是关于校园欺凌的。故选B。B（2022·河北保定·统考一模）Atsomepointinlife,manypeopledevelopamental(精神)problem.Whilemostpeoplegetoverit,forothersitdoesn’tgoawayeasily.TheWHOsaysthatabout20percentofteenagersworldwidesufferfrommentalillness.It’sthoughtthatthenumberofteenagerswithmentalillnessaroundtheworldwillincreasebyhalfby2020.Itwillbecomeoneofthemaincausesofillness,andevendeath.InChina,thepictureisn’tbright,either.Aboutonetenthofteenagersundertheageof17haveamentalhealthchallenge.Theworldischangingfast.Studyandrelationshipshavealwayscausedstress,buttodaythestressismuchhigherthanbefore,theWHOsaid.AresearchcentreinOxfordUniversitysaysthatyoungpeopletodayhavebigstressesatschool.Forexample,theyexperiencebullying(欺凌).Ina2017report,thecentrenotedthattheInternetwasaspecialsource(渠道)ofstress.Online,youngpeopleoftensee“messagesaboutperfection”andthiscausestheyoung“greatuncertaintyabouttheirfutures”,saysthecentre.Also,accordingtoChinaDaily,Chinesepeopledon’taskforhelpwiththeirmentalproblems.Theyfearthatotherswillthinklessofthemiftheysaythattheyareinmentaltrouble.ElainePeng,aUSmentalhealtheducator,makesasimilarpoint.AndintheUK,overthreequartersofyoungpeoplebelievetheirmentalproblemshaveasocialstigma.Itisreportedin2017thataquarterofyoungUKpeoplewouldn’taskforhelpiftheydevelopedamentalproblem.Youngpeoplewhodon’taskforhelpfortheirconditionmaybecreatingproblemsforthemselvesinthefuture.ElainePengwarnedthat,“Ifwehideourmentalhealth,itmayremainaproblemforever.”“Mymessageforyoungpeopleis,ifyoufeelsomethingiswrongwithinyou—askforhelp,”hetoldChinaDaily.5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecauseofstressaccordingtothepassage?A．Heavyschoolwork. B．SomeinformationfromtheInternet.C．Beingbulliedatschool. D．Certaintyaboutthefuture.6．Whydon’tChinesepeopleaskforhelpwiththeirmentalproblems?A．Theydon’tthinkthemserious. B．Theycangetoverthemintime.C．Theycankeeptheirmentalhealthsecret. D．Theyareafraidofbeinglookeddownupon.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stigma”mostprobablymeaninChinese?A．shame B．advantage C．help D．pride8．ElainePengadvisedtheteenagerswithmentalillnessto________.A．thinklessofthemselves B．avoidbeingbulliedC．askforhelpassoonaspossible D．stayawayfromtheInternet9．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．askresearchcentersforhelp B．showsomedifferentopinionsfromdifferentcountriesC．tellaboutteenagers’stresses D．callpublicattentiononteenagerswithmentalillness【答案】5．D

6．D

7．A

8．C

9．D【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年心理疾病的问题，希望引起大众的注意。5．细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，学习压力、校园欺凌以及网络信息是压力原因。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据“Also,accordingtoChinaDaily,Chinesepeopledon’taskforhelpwiththeirmentalproblems.Theyfearthatotherswillthinklessofthemiftheysaythattheyareinmentaltrouble.”可知，中国人在心理问题上不寻求帮助。他们害怕如果他们说自己有精神问题，别人会看轻他们。故选D。7．词句猜测题。根据“Itisreportedin2017thataquarterofyoungUKpeoplewouldn’taskforhelpiftheydevelopedamentalproblem.”可知，有些人出现心理问题不去寻求帮助，说明把它看成是一种社会耻辱，因此“stigma”意为“耻辱”，与“shame”同义。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据“Mymessageforyoungpeopleis,ifyoufeelsomethingiswrongwithinyou—askforhelp,”hetoldChinaDaily.”可知，建议青少年觉得自己内心有问题，就去寻求帮助。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据“Atsomepointinlife,manypeopledevelopamental(精神)problem.”和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了青少年心理疾病的问题，希望引起大众的注意。故选D。C（2022·湖北咸宁·统考二模）Haveyourschoolmateseverthreatened(威胁)totakeyourmoney?Haveyoueverbeenpunched(揍)orkickedbysomeoneatschool?Thesearesomeformsofbullying(欺凌).Butinfact,verbal(口头的)bullyingisthemostcommonkindofbullying.OnNov12,2018,Guangdongprovinceannouncednewguidelinestodealwithschoolbullying.Besides(除……外)physicalbullying,itincludesotherkindsofbullyingsuchascallingpeoplenamesandinsulting(侮辱)themonsocialmedia,ChinaWomen’sNewsreported.Peoplehavepointedoutthatinsultslikethesecanhavealifelongnegativeimpact(负面影响).“Iwascalledshortandfatinmiddleschool,andIstillfeelbadwheneverIhearthosewords,”ausercalledMingxinwroteonSinaWeibo.However,somepeoplewonderhowwecanknowwhethersomethingisinsultingornot.“Itshouldbejudgedbythepersonwhoisbeingtargeted(针对).Ifone’sfeelingsarebadlyhurtbyanickname(绰号),thenitisaninsultingone,”professorHuangYafutoldChinaYouthDaily.ButYangDewei,alawyerinBeijingbelievesthatthespecificsituationshouldalsobeconsidered.Somenicknamesmayjustbeharmlessjokes.Ifyoueverfeellikeyou’rebeingbullied,eitherphysicallyorverbally,firsttellthebullytostop.Ifthisdoesn’twork,tellyourparentsorteachersaboutit.AccordingtotheGuangdongguidelines,schoolswillhave10daystosolvebullyingcasesandworkoutproperpunishments.Ifaschoolfailstohandlecasescorrectly,thepeoplewhoruntheschoolcouldbepunishedbythegovernment.10．Howmanykindsofbullyingarementionedinthepassage?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.11．Thenewguidelineswereannouncedto______.A．mentionotherkindsofbullyingB．pointoutwhatinsultspeopledislikeC．stopschoolbullyingD．showthenegativeimpactofbullying12．WhatkindofsituationisNOTinsulting?A．Xiaomingfeelsterriblewhenotherscallhisnickname.B．SomestudentsalwaysplaytricksonMary.C．TomandPeterlikemakingjokesabouteachother.D．Ericiscalledfatandstupidbyotherstudentsatschool.13．Whatcanwedoifwearebullied?A．Tellthebullytostop. B．Letourparentspunishthebully.C．Hidethefactsofbeingbullied. D．Filealawsuitagainsttheschool.14．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Whybullyinghappensinschools. B．Thehistoryofbullying.C．Thekindsofpeoplewhosufferfrombullying. D．Whatbullyingisandhowtostopit.【答案】10．B

11．C

12．C

13．A

14．D【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是欺凌以及如何制止欺凌。10．细节理解题。根据“verbal(口头的)bullyingisthemostcommonkindofbullying.”和“Besides(除……外)physicalbullying”可知，本文一共提到了两种欺凌方式。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据“OnNov12,2018,Guangdongprovinceannouncednewguidelinestodealwithschoolbullying.”和“AccordingtotheGuangdongguidelines,schoolswillhave10daystosolvebullyingcasesandworkoutproperpunishments.”可知，广东省新的处理校园欺凌的指导方针是来解决欺凌案件，停止欺凌。故选C。12．推理判断题。根据“Itshouldbejudgedbythepersonwhoisbeingtargeted(针对).Ifone’sfeelingsarebadlyhurtbyanickname(绰号),thenitisaninsultingone.”可知，由被针对的人来判断，如果这个人面对绰号很受伤，那就是一种欺凌。结合选项可知，只有C项“汤姆和彼得互相开玩笑”没有涉及到严重伤害，不属于欺凌。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据“Ifyoueverfeellikeyou’rebeingbullied,eitherphysicallyorverbally,firsttellthebullytostop.”可知，如果受到了欺凌，不管是身体的还是口头的，首先要让欺凌者停止欺凌行为。故选A。14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了校园欺凌现象，其中口头欺凌是最常见的一种欺凌方式；此外，本文还介绍了广东省教育厅发布新的指导方针，该方针定义了什么是欺凌，以及面对欺凌应该如何处理。因此，本文主要讲述了什么是欺凌，以及应该如何停止欺凌。故选D。D（2022·北京东城·统考一模）Kidscanmakeadifferencetotheworld.Herearestoriesaboutfouramazingkids.CashDaniels,12,clearsrubbishfromlocalrivers.25kidsoftenjoinhimfortheclean-ups.Theyhavecollectedover11,000poundsofrubbishfromtherivers.Cashalsorunsarecyclingprogramtocollectcansfrombusinesses.Sofar,hehasrecycledover2,000poundsofthem.OrionJean,11,startedtodogooddeedstoothersafterwinningtheNationalKindnessSpeechCompetitionin2020.Heorganizeseventstoprovidefood,toysandbooksforpeopleinneed.Hehascollectedover500,000booksforkids,andover100,000mealsforlocalfamilies.LinoMarrero,14,inventedtheKineticKickz2.0.It’ssomethingthatfitsintothesole（鞋底）ofashoe.Itcollectswastedenergyfromwalking.Thenpeoplecanuseittopowerupmobilephones.Linoencouragesotherstocomeupwithideasforinventionswhilesolvingeverydayproblems.SamirahHorton,13,isknownasDJAnnieRed.Shestartedtoperformwhenshewas6.Throughhermusic,shehelpskidsofallagestostanduptobullying（欺凌）.ShealsoreadsherbookTheBullyStoptokids.It’sbasedonhersongNo,YouWon’tBullyMe.Whohelpscleanuplocalrivers?A．CashDaniels. B．OrionJean. C．LinoMarrero. D．SamirahHorton.16．HowmanybookshasOrionJeancollectedforkids?A．Over2,000. B．Over11,000. C．Over100,000. D．Over500,000.17．WhatdoesLinoMarreroencourageotherstodo?A．Helppeopleinneed. B．Inventnewthings.C．Joinrecyclingprograms. D．Standuptobullying.【答案】15．A

16．D

17．B【导语】本文主要介绍了四个对世界产生影响的孩子。15．细节理解题。根据“CashDaniels,12,clearsrubbishfromlocalrivers”可知CashDaniels帮助清理河流。故选A。16．细节理解题。根据“Hehascollectedover500,000booksforkids”可知他为孩子收集了50多万本书。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据“Linoencouragesotherstocomeupwithideasforinventions”可知他鼓励其他孩子有发明创意。故选B。E（2022·广东茂名·统考二模）Bulling（欺凌）canhappentoanyone.Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear.Buttherearethingsthatcanbedonetohelp.Whatisbullying?Bullyingiswhensomeonemakesyoufeelbadorhurtsyouagainandagain.Bullyingcanhappenatschool,outofschoolandonline.Bullyingincludes:*callingpeoplemean（恶意的）names*laughingatpeople*tellingliesaboutpeople*takingsomeone’sthingswithoutpermission（允许）*notlettingsomeoneplayinagroupWhatiscyberbullying?Cyberbullyingincludes:*sendingbadmessagesonline*sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission*notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroupWhatcanyoudo?*Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknowandlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.*Ifyougetbadmessages,don’treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamilyorthepolice.Askanadultforhelp.Don’tshareanythingbeforeyoumakesureitistrue.Thatwillhelpstopthecyberbullying.*Talktoyourparentsorteacheroranadultifyouarebulliedorifyouareworriedaboutafriend.*Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Andalwaysremember:thinkabouthowtobekindinthefuture.Formoreinformation,visitourhomepageatwww.kidsworld.com.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingarebullyingEXCEPT________.A．laughingatpeople B．tellingliesaboutpeopleC．sendingbadmessagesonline D．askingsomeone’sthingswithoutpermission19．Cyberbullyingmeansbullying________.A．athome B．online C．inpublic D．atschool20．Ifyouarebullied,talktoyour________.A．classmate B．friend C．brother D．teacher21．Thereare________suggestionsforbullying.A．3 B．4 C．5 D．822．Thepassageisprobablyfoundin________.A．aschoolmagazine B．astorybook C．atextbook D．anotice【答案】18．D

19．B

20．D

21．B

22．A【导语】本文主要叙述了当下“儿童欺凌事件”频繁，危害极大，并针对欺凌问题给孩子们提出了具体的应对建议。18．细节理解题。根据“Bullyingincludes:callingpeoplemeannames”“laughingatpeople”“tellingliesaboutpeople”“takingsomeone’sthingswithoutpermission”“notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup”可知，欺凌并不包括未经允许就要他人的物品。故选D。19．细节理解题。根据“Cyberbullyingincludes:sendingbadmessagesonline；sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission；notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroup”可知，cyberbullying指“网络暴力”。故选B。20．细节理解题。根据“Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknowandlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher”可知，如果遇到欺凌可求助我们信任或熟悉的成人如父母或老师等。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据“Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou...”“Ifyougetbadmessages...”“ifyouarebulliedorifyouareworriedaboutafriend”及“Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone”可推断作者给出了四种建议。故选B。22．推理判断题。根据开篇“Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear”可知本文关于“儿童欺凌”，由“Formoreinformation,visitourhomepageatwww.kidsworld.com.”可知文章是“儿童世界网站”对“关注儿童欺凌”的呼吁和建议，故这篇文章最可能出现在“校园刊物”上。故选A。F（2022·重庆綦江·校考模拟预测）Bullyinginschools(校园暴力)hasbeenaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.Moreandmoreparentsareworriedaboutbullying.Herearesometypesofbullying.Herearesomeactivitiestoteachstudentsaboutbullying.Internetorlibraryresearch,suchaslookinguptypesofbullying,andhowtopreventitPresentations,suchasaspeechorrole-playonstoppingbullyingDiscussionsabouttopicslikereportingbullyingCreativewriting,suchasapoemorastoryspeakingoutagainstbullyingArtworks,suchasapaintaboutrespectortheinfluenceofbullyingClassroommeetingstotalkaboutrelationshipsbetweenstudents23．Bullyinghasbeenaproblem________.A．onlyinChina B．onlyontheInternet C．aroundtheworld D．inourclassroom24．Accordingtothepictures,usingtheInternettospreadsomethingbadis________.A．verbalbullying B．emotionalbullying C．cyberbullying D．physicalbullying25．Toknowaboutbullying,wecandothefollowingaccordingtothepassageEXCEPT________.A．havingsomediscussionaboutbullying B．doingsomeartworksaboutrespectC．doingsomecreativewriting D．watchingsomemoviesaboutbullying26．Youmayfindthematerialina________.A．schoolmagazine B．sciencereport C．personaldiary D．storybook【答案】23．C

24．C

25．D

26．A【分析】校园暴力一直是一个严重的世界难题，本文介绍了一些欺凌的类型和关于教学生关于欺凌的一些活动。23．细节理解题。根据“Bullyinginschoolshasbeenaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.”可知，校园暴力一直是一个严重的世界难题，故选C。24．细节理解题。根据第三幅图可知，利用互联网传播不好的东西是cyberbullying，故选C。25．细节理解题。根据“Discussionsabouttopicslikereportingbullying”，“Artworks,suchasapaintaboutrespectortheinfluenceofbullying”和“Creativewriting,suchasapoemorastoryspeakingoutagainstbullying”可知，文章没提到观看一些关于欺凌的电影，故选D。26．推理判断题。本文介绍了一些欺凌的类型和关于教学生关于欺凌的一些活动，所以推测可能在学校杂志上看到这篇文章，故选A。G（2022·云南曲靖·模拟预测）Bullying（欺凌）canhappentoanyone.Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear,buttherearethingsthatcanbedonetohelpWhatisbullying?Bullyingiswhensomeonemakesyoufeelbadorhurtsyouagainandagain.Bullyingcanhappenatschool,outofschoolandonline.Bullyingincludes:·callingpeoplemean（恶意的）names·laughingatpeople·tellingliesaboutpeople·takingsomeone'sthingswithoutpermission（允许）·notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup·hittingpeople.Whatiscyberbullying?Cyberbullyingincludes:·sendingbadmessagesonline·sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission·notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroup·spreadingliesonline.Whatcanyoudo?Ifsom