专题09 创新是发展的不竭动力 是强国的基石-备战2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练（解析版）

专题09创新是发展的不竭动力是强国的基石备战2022-2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练A（2022·福建福州·福州华伦中学校考三模）Notechnologyisperfect;eachinnovation(创新)hasadvantagesanddisadvantages,asthefollowingtwoexamplesshow.Manypeoplepredictthatwe’llbeabletotaketotheskiesinourownpersonalflyingcar.Thistechnologywouldallowtotalfreedomofmovement.Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,avoidingtrafficlightsandbusyroads.However,somebelievetherewillbeproblemswithtrafficcontrol.Ifthecarsbecomepopular,thereislikelytobeairtrafficcongestion(拥堵).Andwhatifthecarsbreakdown?AlsoimaginehavingyourownIronMan(钢铁侠)suit.Severalcompaniesaretryingtobuildapracticalrobotexoskeleton(外骨骼).Thisisanelectronicsuitwithrobotarmsandlegswhichfollowsthewearer’smovements.Itallowsyoutoliftheavyobjects,walklongdistancesandevenpunch(穿洞)throughwalls!Itwillbeofgreathelpforarmies,rescueworkersanddisabledpeople.Thesuitmighthelppeoplewalkagainafterdiseaseorharm.However,onedisadvantageatpresentisthecost.Evenasimpleexoskeletoncancosthundredsofthousandsofpounds.Anotherproblemisthataheavysuitlikethisneedsalotofpowerbutbatterylifeisshort.Theseproblemswillnodoubtbesolvedaslightweightplasticsuitsbecomeavailable.Lookingahead,it’snotdifficulttoimagineafuturewhenwewillbeabletoflytowork,orliftacaraboveourheads.Althoughtherearesomeproblemstosolvebeforeallofthesearepossible,wecancertainlydreamofaworldwheretechnologymakeslifeeasierandsaferformillionsofpeople.1．Wecanlearnthatflyingcarsmightallowusto_______.A．avoidreceivingspeedingtickets B．avoidtrafficcongestionintheairC．avoidtrafficcongestionontheroads D．avoidlosingtrafficcontrolonbusyroads2．Theunderlinedword“It”probablyrefersto“_______”.A．therobotexoskeleton B．thewearer’smovementC．theelectronicIronMansuit D．therobotwitharmsandlegs3．Thewriterissurethattherobotexoskeletonwillbecomemore_________inthefuture.A．uncomfortable B．expensive C．available D．impossible4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthemedicaluseofrobotsuits?A．Itallowsthewearerstoliftheavythingseasily.B．Itmighthelpthewearertowalklongdistances.C．Itmightbeabletohelpdisabledpeoplewalkagain.D．Itmakesitpossibleforthewearerstopunchthroughwalls.5．Thewritertakestheflyingcarandtherobotexoskeletonasexamplesto_________.A．offerreadersthelatestinformationaboutdevelopmentofnewtechnologyB．showit’simpossibletoputthesetwokindsoftechnologytopracticaluseC．leadreaderstobuytheproductsofnewtechnologyassoonaspossibleD．supporthisopinionthattechnologyhasadvantagesanddisadvantages【答案】1．C

2．A

3．C

4．C

5．D【导语】本文主要讲述了每一个技术都有其优缺点。1．细节理解题。根据“Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,avoidingtrafficlightsandbusyroads.”可知，我们可以以每小时480公里的速度飞行，避开红绿灯和繁忙的道路。故选C。2．词义猜测题。根据“Severalcompaniesaretryingtobuildapracticalrobotexoskeleton.Thisisanelectronicsuitwithrobotarmsandlegswhichfollowsthewearer’smovements.”可知，几家公司正在尝试制造一种实用的机器人外骨骼。这是一种拥有机器人手臂和机器人腿的电子服装，可以跟随穿着者的动作；因此“it”指代“robotexoskeleton”。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据“Theseproblemswillnodoubtbesolvedaslightweightplasticsuitsbecomeavailable.”可知，随着轻型塑料宇航服的问世，这些问题无疑将得到解决；因此机器人外骨骼在未来会越能够利用。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据“Thesuitmighthelppeoplewalkagainafterdiseaseorharm.”可知，这种服装可能会帮助人们在疾病或伤害后再次行走。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据“Notechnologyisperfect;eachinnovationhasadvantagesanddisadvantages,asthefollowingtwoexamplesshow.”可知，作者通过举例来论证自己的观点。故选D。B（2022·四川资阳·统考一模）Boysandgirls,havealookandseeifyouareinterestedintheamazingevents.YangzhouHorticulturalExpoWhatdogardensaroundtheworldlooklike?Nowyouhavethechancetofindoutatthe2021InternationalHorticulturalExposition（博览会）.TheexpoisplannedtobeheldfromApril8toOctober8inYangzhou,Jiangsu.AccordingtoChinaNews,thereare74parksonshowinthecitiesfromChinaandabroad.Tianwen1Probe（探测器）ChinasuccessfullysenttheMars（火星）probeTianwen1fromWenchang,HainanonJuly23,2020.TheprobeisplannedtoreachtheRedPlanetinMayorJunein2021,ChinaDailyreported.Itwillstaythereforthreemonthsbytakingpictures，studyingthesoilandweatherandlookingforwater.DubaiWorldExpoTheWorldExpoisaglobalfairforpeopletodevelopbusinessandshareinnovation（创新）.ThelatestexpoisgoingtobeheldinDubaifromOctober1,2021toMarch31,2022.Theexpowillshowspecialculturefromdifferentcountriesaroundtheworld,aswellasdeliciousfoodandthemostadvancedtechnologyofourtime.Youcanvisit________in2021ifyouareinterestedingardens.A．Dubai B．Wenchang C．Beijing D．Yangzhou7．Tianwen1probecandothefollowingthingsonMarsEXCEPT（除…之外）________.A．takingpictures B．buildingparks C．studyingthesoil D．lookingforwater8．Wecanlearnaboutspecialcultureandadvancedtechnologyin________.A．June,2021 B．July,2021 C．March,2022 D．October,20229．Youcanprobablyfindthepassagesfroma________.A．newspaper B．storybook C．movieposter D．carmagazine【答案】6．D

7．B

8．C

9．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲三个了不起的事件。6．细节理解题。根据“TheexpoisplannedtobeheldfromApril8toOctober8inYangzhou,Jiangsu.”及“Whatdogardensaroundtheworldlooklike?Nowyouhavethechancetofindoutatthe2021InternationalHorticulturalExposition（博览会）.”可知对花园感兴趣，要去扬州，故选D。7．细节理解题。根据“Itwillstaythereforthreemonthsbytakingpictures，studyingthesoilandweatherandlookingforwater.”可知Tianwen1探测器将拍照，研究土壤和天气并寻找水，不会建造公园。故选B。8．细节理解题。根据“Theexpowillshowspecialculturefromdifferentcountriesaroundtheworld,aswellasdeliciousfoodandthemostadvancedtechnologyofourtime.”及“ThelatestexpoisgoingtobeheldinDubaifromOctober1,2021toMarch31,2022.”可知了解特殊文化和先进的科技是在2021年10月1日至2022年3月31日。故选C。9．推理判断题。文章主要介绍博览会，探测器等了不起的事件，应处在报纸中。故选A。C（2022·天津西青·统考二模）Itmightbestrangetowearclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Butinfact,someclothingcompaniesarealreadymakingclotheslikethese.FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjumpsuits,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfillsandoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose(分解).Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelpimprovetheenvironment,”saidAliaJuma,thecompany’sdesignerdirector.Manyotherfashioncompaniesarefindingsimilarwaystosaveourplanetthesedays.Theprocessisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremeltedandshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(线).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.AccordingtoJuma,ittakes67,000bottlestocreateItonofthread.Thisreducescarbonemissions(碳排放)by4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tonscomparedwiththenormalwayofmakingthread.“Fourbottlescanmakeonepillowcase(枕套).Fivecanmakeashirt,10dresses,and20ashortcoat,”Jumasaid.Somepeoplemighthavedoubts(疑问)aboutwearingsomethingmadeoutofplasticbottles.ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(创新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldevenbebetterthannylonandpolyester(聚酯纤维).Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures(织物),suchascotton,silk,orevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.10．WhatclothesinplasticdidJUMAshowatitsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai?A．Dresses,jumpsuitsandshoes. B．Jackets,shirtsandjumpsuits.C．Shirts,dressesandhats. D．Pants,jacketsanddresses.11．WhydoesJUMAmakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?A．Plasticbottlesareveryfashionable.B．JUMAmadeeighteenclothesoutofplasticbottles.C．Plasticbottlesareeasytomakeclothes.D．Tohelpimprovetheenvironment.12．Howdoesaplasticbottlebecomeathread?A．Theplasticbottlesaremeltedtoformthread.B．Theplasticbottlesarecutintosmallpieces,shapedintosmallballsandmeltedtoformthread.C．Theplasticbottlesareusedtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.D．Theplasticbottlesarecutintosmallpiecesandmeltedagaintoformthread.13．Howmanyplasticbottlesdoesashortcoatneed?A．4. B．5. C．10. D．20.14．Whatdocsthewriterthinkoftheinnovation?A．Itisboring. B．Itisbad. C．Itisuseful. D．Itisstrange【答案】10．B

11．D

12．B

13．D

14．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了目前为了减少塑料瓶对环境的危害，许多公司研究制造了用回收的塑料瓶做的服装。10．细节理解题。根据“FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjumpsuits,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.”可知JUMA在上海的一家作坊里展示了用回收塑料瓶制作的衣服，包括连体裤，夹克衫，衬衫和裙子。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfillsandoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose.Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelpimprovetheenvironment”可知用回收的塑料瓶做衣服可以帮助改善环境。故选D。12．细节理解题。根据“First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremeltedandshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread”可知塑料瓶制成线的步骤是洗干净——切成小片——融化并塑形成小球——再次融化制成线。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据“Fivecanmakeashirt,10dresses,and20ashortcoat,”可知5个塑料瓶能制成一件衬衫，10个能制成一件裙子并且20个能制成一件短上衣。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures,suchascotton,silk,orevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.”可知这项创新可能引领一个时尚的更绿色的未来。故选C。D（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模）HaveyoueversearchedtheInternetforsomeinformationwhenyoufeeluncomfortable?AnewstudyfindsthatmorethaneightypercentofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.SusannahFoxfromthePewInternetProjectsaysdoctorsarestillmainsource(来源)ofhealthinformationwhenpeoplegetsick.Butthestudyfindsthatsearchingonlineisoneoftheleadingwaysthatpeoplelookforasecondopinion.Hesays,“Ourstudiesshowthatforty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonlinewhentheyneedadiagnosisorareplanningatreatmentdesign(治疗方案).Two-thirdsofInternetuserslookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalconditiononline.”TheInternethasalsobecomeanimportantsourceofspiritual(精神上的)supportforpeoplewithhealthproblems.SusannahFoxsaysoneinfiveInternetusershasgoneonlinetofindotherpeoplewhohavethesamecondition.Adiseaseisconsidereduncommonifitinfluencesfewerthan200,000peoplearoundtheworld.Theriseofsocialnetworking(社交网络)hasmadeiteasierforpeoplewithuncommondiseasestoconnectwitheachotherandfeellesslonely.Socialnetworkingisalsochangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachother.Dr.JeffLivingstonoperatesamedicalcenterforwomeninTexas,America.HismedicalcenteralsohassomepagesontheInternet.HesaystheInternethaslowedcostsandimprovedrelationswithpatients.Ithasjustchangedthewaytheydohealthcare.根据短文内容选择最佳答案。15．Theunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph“diagnosis”means“_______”inChinese.A．护理 B．诊断 C．创新16．Anewstudyfindsthatover_______ofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.A．2/3 B．44% C．80%17．Thepeoplewhohavehealthproblemscan_______online.①lookfordoctorsorotherproviders②lookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalcondition③findotherpeoplewhohavethesameconditionsothattheycangetspiritualsupport④connectwiththepeoplewhohavethesameconditionandgetthetreatmentdesignfromthemA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④18．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Adiseaseisconsidereduncommonifitinfluencesfewerthan20,000peoplearoundtheworld.B．Patientswillbetreated(治疗)bydoctorswithoutgoingtothehospitalsoon.C．Nowsocialnetworkingischangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachotheraswell.19．Thepassagemainlytellsus_________.A．theInternethasimprovedrelationsbetweendoctorsandpatientsB．theInternetischangingtheworldgreatlyC．theInternethasplayedanimportantpartinthelifeofpeoplewithhealthproblems【答案】15．B

16．C

17．A

18．C

19．C【导语】本文主要讲述了互联网在有健康问题的人们的生活中扮演了重要的角色。15．词句猜测题。根据“Ourstudiesshowthatforty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonlinewhentheyneedadiagnosisorareplanningatreatmentdesign(治疗方案).”可知，44%的人在需要诊断或计划治疗设计时，实际上是在网上寻找医生或其他提供者，因此“diagnosis”意为“诊断”，故选B。16．细节理解题。根据“AnewstudyfindsthatmorethaneightypercentofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.”可知，超过80%的美国互联网用户在网上搜索健康信息，故选C。17．细节理解题。根据“forty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonline”；“Two-thirdsofInternetuserslookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalconditiononline.”和“oneinfiveInternetusershasgoneonlinetofindotherpeoplewhohavethesamecondition.”可知，有健康问题的人会再在网上搜索信息或者寻找医生或者寻找其他有同样症状的人，故选A。18．细节理解题。根据“Socialnetworkingisalsochangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachother.”可知，社交网络正在改变一些医生和病人之间的沟通方式，故选C。19．主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了互联网在有健康问题的人们的生活中扮演了重要的角色，故选C。E（2022·江西赣州·统考一模）Itmightbestrangetowearclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Butinfact,someclothingcompaniesarealreadymakingsuchclothes.FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfills(垃圾填埋场)andoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose(分解).Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelptheenvironment,”saidAliaJuma,thecompany’sdesigndirector.Manyotherfashioncompaniesarefindingsimilarwaystosaveourplanetthesedays.Theprocessisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(线).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.AccordingtoJuma,ittakes67,000bottlestocreate1tonofthread.Thisreducescarbonemissions(碳排放)by4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tonscomparedwiththenormalwayofmakingthread.“Fourbottlescanmakeonepillowcase(枕套).Fivecanmakeashirt,10adressand20ashortcoat,”Jumasaid.Somepeoplemighthavedoubtsaboutwearingsomethingmadeoutofplasticbottles.ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(创新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldbeevenbetterthannylon(尼龙)andpolyester(聚酯纤维).Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures(材质),suchascotton,silkorevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.20．WhydidJUMAmakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?A．Tocompetewithothercompanies. B．Tocreateanewfashion.C．Tohelptheenvironment. D．Tomeettheneedsoftheirdesigndirector.21．Howtomakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?Choosetherightorder.①theyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.②peopleusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.③theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.④theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(线).A．③④①② B．③①④② C．②③①④ D．②③④①22．AccordingtoCauseartist,clothesmadefromplasticbottles________.A．willcausedoubts B．arestrangetowear C．areofbetterquality D．needtobegreener23．What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Clothesmadefromplastics. B．Theprocessofmakingclothes.C．Thereasonformakingplasticclothes. D．Saveourplanet.【答案】20．C

21．B

22．C

23．A【导语】本文主要讲的是将废弃的塑料瓶重复利用，用来制作衣服，创建环保社会的事。20．细节理解题。根据“Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelptheenvironment”可知我们认为我们应该用它们来创造我们的服装，帮助环境。即为了帮助保护环境。故选C。21．细节理解题。根据“First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(线).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.”首先，清洗塑料瓶并将其切成小块。然后，它们被融化并成形成小球。这些球再次融化成线。然后人们可以用这根线做不同种类的衣服。可知正确的顺序应该是③①④②。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据“ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(创新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldbeevenbetterthannylon(尼龙)andpolyester(聚酯纤维).”可知，用塑料瓶制成的衣服质量更好。故选C。23．最佳标题题。本文主要讲的是将废弃的塑料瓶重复利用，用来制作衣服，创建环保社会的事。所以最好的标题是:Clothesmadefromplastics“塑料制成的衣服”。故选A。F（2022·河北保定·统考二模）Nationalmedalsandhonorarytitles(荣誉称号)areusuallyawardedeveryfiveyears.Asapartofthecelebrationofthe70thanniversary(周年)ofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),42peopleareawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,theFriendshipMedalandnationalhonorarytitles.Theycomefromdifferentbackgrounds,includingscientists,lawmakers,educators,artists,modelworkersandsixnon-Chinesepeople.Allhavemadebigcontributionstothenation’sconstructionanddevelopment.Herearesomeofthepeoplewellknow.ChinesescientistTuYouyouisoneoftheeightwhowereawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.Tu,whowonthe2015NobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofthemalariadrugartemisinin(抗疟药物青蒿素),isthefirstChinesecitizentowinaNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Shehassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide.Shehasalsomadeimportantscientificinnovations(创新)intraditionalChinesemedicine.NanRendong,beforehisdeathin2017,ledtheresearchanddevelopmentofChina’sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope(FAST,500米口径球面斑电望远镜),theworld’slargestradiotelescope.He