2024秋高中英语Unit1Art同步练习含解析新人教版选修6

PAGE1-Unit1Art【导语】蒙娜丽莎的微笑是神奇的，每年吸引着数以百万计的游客。然而，蒙娜丽莎是谁以及达·芬奇是如何描绘她的仍是个未知的世界。It'sreportedthatthehealthofthefamouspainting，theMonaLisa，paintedbyLeonardoDaVincibetween1503and1506，isgettingworsebytheyear.“Thethin，woodenpanel(嵌板)onwhichtheMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago，”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedchangesbutrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrentchemicalstate.NowtheMonaLisaishousedintheLouvreMuseum.Nearly6millionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear，manyattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“Itisveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather，sheseemstobesmiling，andthenyoulookatherandshestops，”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvisionisexcellentatpickingupdetail，butlesssuitedtolookingatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However，theactualhistoryoftheMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim，untilitwassoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisⅠin1519.In1911，thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvrebyaformeremployee，whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarⅡ，theFrenchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies，theMonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.【词海拾贝】1．currentadj.现在的；当前的2．housevt.把……贮存在……内3．pickup捡起；获得；整理；(汽车、飞机)乘载4．employeen．雇员；雇工【问题思索】True(T)orFalse(F)：1．TheMonaLisaisgettingworseanditisdifficulttorepair.()2．Thepaintingisinasmalltownnow.()答案：1.T2.FⅠ.重点单词分类记★拼法高频单词1．________n．目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力2________adj.典型的；有代表性的3．________adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的4．________n．努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图5．________vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt.将……上诉n．呼吁；请求6．________n．画像；身材；数字7________adv.所以；因而8．________n．名声；名誉答案：1.aim2.typical3.superb4.attempt5.appeal6．figure7.consequently8.reputation★联想拓展单词1．________n．信任；信念；信念→________adj.忠实的，忠诚的→________adv.忠实地2．_______adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的→_________n．惯例；习俗3．________adj.明显的；明白的→________adv.明显地，明显地→________n．证据，证明4．________vt.接受；接受；收养→________n．接受；收养5．________vt.拥有；具有；支配→________n．(尤作复数)全部；财产6．________vt.预言；预报；预料→________n．预报；预言7．________n．展览：陈设；展览会→________vt.展览，展出→________n．参展者8．________n．宠爱；偏爱→________vt.更宠爱；宁愿9．________n．文明；文化；文明社会→________vt.使文明；教化；使开化10．________n．署名；签字→__________n．迹象；符号；记号v.签署；签名→________n．信号答案：1.faithfaithfulfaithfully2.conventionalconvention3．evidentevidentlyevidence4.adoptadoption5．possesspossession6.predictprediction7．exhibitionexhibitexhibitor8.preferenceprefer9．civilizationcivilize10.signaturesignsignal★识记阅读单词1．abstractadj. ________________n. ________________2．techniquen. ________________3．coincidencen. ________________4．shadown. ________________5．ridiculousadj. ________________6．controversialadj. ________________7．specificadj. ________________8．delicateadj. ________________9．allergicadj. ________________10．aggressiveadj. ________________11．fragileadj. ________________12．visualadj. ________________13．permanentadj. ________________答案：1.抽象的；深邃的摘要2.技术；方法；技能3．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合4.阴影；影子5．荒谬的；可笑的6.争辩的；争议的7.准确的；特定的8．脆弱的；简单生病的；精致的9.过敏性的；过敏的10．敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的11.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的12．视觉的；看得见的13.永久的；长久的Ⅱ.重点短语快速记1．________________巧合地2．________________活着的；本人3．________________大量4．________________取决于，达到5．________________因此；结果6．________________(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感爱好7．________________瞄准8．________________(可是)另一方面9．________________使某人信任某事10．________________尝试做某事11．________________逃脱；摆脱；脱离12．________________集中；用心于13．________________更宠爱……；有……的偏好答案：1.bycoincidence2.intheflesh3.agreatdeal4．upto5.asaconsequence6.appealto7.aimat8．ontheotherhand9.convincesbofsth10.attempttodosth11.breakawayfrom12.concentrateon13．haveapreferenceforⅢ.经典句式应用记1．________________________(你情愿有)ChineseorWesternstylepaintingsinyourhome？(wouldrather＋动词原形)2．________(这是因为)theImpressionistsencouragedartiststolookattheirenvironmentinnewways.(because引导表语从句)3．__________________[没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法]，we__________________(就不能看到)themanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.(without短语表示含蓄虚拟条件)4．________________________(在这些画家中)whobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting________________________(是印象派艺术家们)，wholivedandworkedinParis.(表语部分提前，引起倒装)答案：1.Wouldyouratherhave2.Thisisbecause3．Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechniquewouldnotbeabletosee4.AmongthepaintersweretheImpressionistsⅠ.Fast­readingSkimthetextandthenchoosethebestanswer.1.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Howreligiouspaintingsdeveloped.B．Howoilpaintingsdeveloped.C．HowImpressionists'paintingsdeveloped.D．HowWesternartdeveloped.答案：D2．ReadthepassagetofindorconcludeatopicsentenceforeachperiodofWesternpainting.(1)TheMiddleAges：______________________________________________________________________________________(2)TheRenaissance：______________________________________________________________________________________(3)Impressionism：________________________________________________________________________________________(4)ModernArt：_____________________________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)DuringtheMiddleAges，themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.(2)DuringtheRenaissance，newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.(3)DuringImpressionism，theImpressionistsbrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingandtheywerethefirstpainterstoworkoutdoors.(4)Atthetimetheywerecreated，theImpressionistpaintingswerecontroversial，buttodaytheyareacceptedasthebeginningofwhatwecall“modernart”．Ⅱ.Careful­readingReadthetextcarefullyandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Atfirst，mostpeoplehatedtheImpressionists'styleofpainting，becausetheythought________．A．theirpaintingswereveryabstractB．theirpaintingswereveryrealisticC．theydidn'tbreakawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingD．theirpaintingswereveryridiculous2．DuringtheRenaissance，painters________．A．paintedreligiousscenesinamorerealisticstyleB．focusedmoreonreligionthanonhumansC．begantopaintoutdoorsD．returnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart3．________discoveredhowtomakepaintingslookmorerealbyusingperspective.A．GiottodiBondone B．MasaccioC．ClaudeMonet D．PabloPicasso4．Accordingtothepassage，artisinfluencedlesslikelyby________．A．agriculture B．faithofapeopleC．socialchanges D．thecustoms答案：1.D2.D3.B4.AⅢ.Study­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.[句式分析][尝试翻译]______________________________________________________________________________________________2．AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis.[句式分析]①本句是一个倒装句。②正常语序为：TheImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis，wereamongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting.③句中有两个由关系代词who引导的定语从句，前一个定语从句修饰先行词________，后一个定语从句修饰先行词Impressionists，关系代词who在两个从句中都作________。[尝试翻译]______________________________________________________________________________________________3．Atthetimetheywerecreated，theImpressionistpaintingswerecontroversial，buttodaytheyareacceptedasthebeginningofwhatwecall“modernart”．[句式分析]①本句是一个由________连接的并列复合句。②前一个分句中Atthetimetheywerecreated作状语，其中theywerecreated是省略了关系词when的定语从句，修饰先行词time。③后一个分句中what引导________从句，且在从句中作call的宾语。[尝试翻译]______________________________________________________________________________________________4．Ontheonehand，somemodernartisabstract；thatis，thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes，butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject，usingcolour，lineandshapetorepresentthem.[句式分析]thatis为________；asweseethemwithoureyes为方式状语从句；usingcolour，lineandshapetorepresentthem为现在分词短语作________。[尝试翻译]______________________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.但是，很明显在13世纪时(人们的)思想正经验着改变，像乔托这样的画家们起先以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。2．painters主语在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。3．but宾语在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。4．插入语方式状语一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不准备把我们眼睛看到的东西照实地画出来，而是集中体现物体的某些品质特性，用色调、线条和形态把它们呈现出来。Ⅳ.Intensive­readingReadandfinishthepassagecarefully.Artisinfluencedbythecustomsand1.________ofapeople.StylesinWesternarthavechangedmanytimes.DuringtheMiddleAges，whenthemain2.________ofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes，aconventionalartistwasnotinterestedinshowing3.________andpeopleastheyreallywere.IntheperiodoftheRenaissance，newideasand4.________graduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudeto5.________．Painterstriedtopaintpeopleandnatureas6.________reallywere.Fromthelate19thtotheearly20thcentury，itwasthetimefor7.________．Atthattime，someofthepaintersbrokeawayfromthe8.________styleofpainting，andbecamethefirstonestowork9.________，showinghowlightandshadowfellonobjectsat10.________timesofday.Andthepaintingsofthisperiodareacceptedasthebeginningofwhatwecall“modernart”today.答案：1.faith2.aim3.nature4.values5.life6.they7．Impressionism8.traditional9.outdoors10.different如何写好建议信建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告。建议信有可能是写给个人，就对方遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。一、基本结构建议信一般实行“三段式”结构。首段：表明意图，陈述事由。主体段落(中段)：应当首先确定对方的优点，然后再写须要改进的地方或针对详细状况提出详细建议或忠告。通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或tobegin/startwith，then，later，lastbutnotleast等依次陈述建议。结尾段：礼貌地总结或表示期盼回复。二、留意事项1．留意结构。通常以“三段式结构”行文。2．客观地提出建议，针对对方的问题，给出你的观点。3．语言要委婉、精练，同时要简洁、清晰。【常用句式】1．建议信首段常用句式：①Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsabout/concerning...②Youhaveaskedmeformyadviceon...，andIwilltrytomakesomesuggestions.③Itismypleasuretoofferyousomeadviceon...2．建议信中段常用句式：①Iwouldliketosuggest/recommendthat...②IfIwereyou，Iwould...③Inmyopinion，itwouldbewisetotakethefollowingactions.④Ithinkitwouldbemorebeneficialifyoucould...⑤Whenitcomestosuchasituation，Iwouldliketosuggestthatyoucan...⑥Iwonderifyouhaveconsideredthefollowing...⑦Asto...Isuggestthatyoushould...⑧AsfarasIamconcerned.../Inmyopinion...⑨Foronething...foranother...⑩Tobeginwith...Besides...Lastbutnotleast...3．建议信尾段常用句式：①Intheend，Iwillbeverygladifyoufindmysuggestionsuseful.②Thanksforreadingmyletter.Ihopeyouwillconsidermysuggestions.③Ibelieveyouwilltakemyadviceintoaccount/consideration.④Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposals/suggestionspractical/useful/helpful.⑤Pleaseletmeknowwithouthesitationifyouneedanyhelp.为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开拓了“HEART­TO­HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日简单发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。内容要点如下：1．表示理解并赐予劝慰；2．提出建议并说明理由。留意：1.词数80左右；2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：tempern．脾气；心情【范文点评】范文点评Hi，Worried，I'msorrytoknowthatyou'rehavingsuchabadtimeatthemoment.Lifeisnotalwaysfilledwithsunshineandflowers，soitisofvitalimportancetocontrolyourtemperandhaveacorrectattitudetofaceuptoyoursituation.①Firstofall，ifyouhavepainsorpuzzlesinmind，communicatewithyourfriends，parentsorteachers.Secondly，totakeexerciseregularlyeverydayisgoodforhealthinordertofreeyourselffromyouranger.②Lastbutnotleast，youshouldnothesitatetoaskapsychologicalconsultantforhelp.③Onlyinthisway，canyoureduceyourstress，andyouwillbecomeastrongandconfidentpersonintheend.④IhopewhatIsayherecanhelpyoualot.Yours，Jamie作者严格依据提示要点和题目要求进行写作。文章语言流畅，内容充溢，让文章在微小处呈现不俗。倒装句式的恰当运用，展示了作者广泛的涉猎和老到的文笔，是一篇值得仿照和学习的中学生佳作。①以it作形式主语的运用丰富了文章的句式，增加了文章的文采，充分展示了作者娴熟运用高级困难句子结构的实力。②Firstofall以及后面的Secondly等其他过渡词的运用，增加了文章的层次感。freeyourselffromyouranger意思是“宣泄心情”，takeexerciseregularly意思是“定期参与体育熬炼”，这几个短语的运用，简约出彩。③Lastbutnotleast过渡词的合理运用使行文更加流畅，shouldnothesitatetodo意思是“应当坚决果断做某事”，psychologicalconsultant均是高级词汇。④only引出的状语置于句首，后面用了倒装。此句属于一个高级句型假定你是李华，你的挚友张柯发e­mail给你，就买什么样的英语词典想听听你的建议。请依据下列提示，用英语给他回一封80词左右的e­mail。1．便利、快捷；2．内置多部词典，能发音；3．能储存资料；4．其他。留意：可适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯(开头结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数)。DearZhangKe，Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlaste­mail，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyanelectronicdictionary.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withsomanyadvantages，whynotbuyone?Idohopemysuggestionwillbeusefultoyou.Yours，LiHua答案：DearZhangKe，Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlaste­mail，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyanelectronicdictionary.Tobeginwith，itisconvenientforyoutocarryitwherevergoing.Additionally，youcangetwhatyouwantintheelectronicdictionaryassoonaspossible，forconsultingthiskindofdictionaryisreallyapieceofcake.Whenmeetingwiththeusefulmaterial，youcanstoreitasmuchaspossiblebecausethereismuchRAM(内存)init.Whatmakesitoutstandingfromavarietyofothers，Ithink，isthatitcangiveyouavivid，clearandcorrectpronunciationjustlikeateacherstandingbyyou.Withsomanyadvantages，whynotbuyone?Idohopemysuggestionwillbeusefultoyou.Yours，LiHuaA级基础过关Ⅰ.依据语境及首字母写出正确的单词1．Thistellsyouthatthereisas________distinctionbetweentherightandthewrong.2．Theopene________onpictureswillallowlocalartiststoshowtheirtalents.3．Thecentralf________inthepaintingistheartist'sdaughter.4．ThepeaceinSyriaisveryd________atpresent.5．Somepatientsarea________topenicillin，sothereisatestbeforeinjection.6．Animalscanbecomeunusuallya________whentheyareupsetbyasuddenenvironmentchange.7．Yournameexactlyappearsonyourp________residentcard.8．Whenhewasachild，heusuallyhadap________forcartoys.9．Thejudgehasagoodr________forhisjusticeandkindness.10．Hehaddevotedhiswholelifetothestudyofc________art.答案：1.specific2.exhibition3.figure4.delicate5．allergic6.aggressive7.permanent8.preference9．reputation10.contemporaryⅡ.选词填空upto；bycoincidence；agreatdeal；intheflesh；beallergicto；ontheotherhand；aimat；appealto1．____________，similargoodsareofferedinthismarket.2．IhaveseenherperformonTV,butnever____________．3．Sendusataleaboutthestrangebehaviourofuniquepetsorwildlifein________________300words.4．Iwanttogototheparty,but______________________，Ioughttostaystudying.5．Wetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesor________________ouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.6．IlikecatsbutunfortunatelyI________________them.7．Insayingthis,I'mnot______________________you.8．IhavelongbeeninterestedinspaceexplorationandIbelieveIcouldlearn______________fromhimaboutit.答案：1.Bycoincidence2.intheflesh3.upto4．ontheotherhand5.appealto6.amallergicto7．aimingat8.agreatdealⅢ.依据汉语完成句子1．______________________/________________________，youwouldn'thavefailedintheexamination.假如你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。2．Iwishyou______________________________tomorrow.但愿你明天跟我们一块去。3．I'dratherwe__________________________thisevening.我宁愿我们今晚不去看电影。4．Ifhehadfollowedmyadvice，he____________________．假如他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。5．Thankyouforremindingmeofthetime，orI____________yesterday.感谢你提示我时间，不然昨天我就迟到了。答案：1.Hadyoutakenmyadvice/Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice2.wouldgowithus3.didn'tgotoseeafilm4．wouldn'thavelosthisjob5.wouldhavebeenlateB级实力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)ForWesterndesigners，ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners，”saysAmandaHill，chiefcreativeofficeratA＋ENetworks，aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows.Earlierthisyear，theChinaThroughaLookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina­inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart，withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance，showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook，”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld，whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse，notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina，someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang，AlexanderWang，JasonWuaretakingonGalliano，Albaz，MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales，”addsHill.ForHill，itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese，soarethemodels，andsoaretheconsumers，”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket；inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday，youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences，itsdirection，itsbreathtakingclothes，andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”【语篇解读】本文以国外视角介绍中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，呈现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A．Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B．Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C．ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D．ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance，showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences”可知，这次在纽约的展览拥有破纪录的出席人数，故选B。答案：B2．WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A．Theyaresettingthefashion.B．Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C．Theyadmiresupermodels.D．Theydobusinessallovertheworld.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld，whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement”可知，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，她们还是时尚发展的核心。据此可知答案为A。答案：A3．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inParagraph4mean?A．learningfrom B．lookingdownonC．workingwith D．competingagainst解析：词义揣测题。依据第四段最终一句中的“VeraWang，AlexanderWang，JasonWuaretakingonGalliano，Albaz，MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales”可知，三位中国最优秀的时装设计者在设计和销量方面击败了三位顶尖西方设计师，据此可推知takeon在该句中表示“与……较量”，故选D。答案：D4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB．AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC．DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD．ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends解析：标题推断题。本文主要介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，呈现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。故选D。A项(向世界推销幻想的年轻模特)与文章内容不符；B项(在纽约举办的一次中国艺术展)以偏概全；C项(东西方美学的差异)范畴过大。答案：DⅡ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weusuallythinkofbacteriaasbeingdangerousandacauseofhumandiseases.__1__Certaintypesofbacteriaactuallyplayaveryimportantrolebothinsideourbodiesandintheenvironmentaroundus.Somespeciesofbacteriadomakeussick，butothersmayactuallypreventusfromgettingsick.Ourbodieshavewhatdoctorscalla“normalflora(正常菌群)”．Thebacteriainournormalfloraareharmless，andmostofthetimewedon'tevenknowthatthesebacteriaarethere.Whenourbodiesareinvadedbysomedangerousbacteria，thenormalfloracanpreventthesebacteriafromhurtingus.__2__Bacteriahelpusdigestfoodandproducevitamins.Thenormalflorainthegut(肠道)canbehelpfulbybreakingdownfoodthatcan'tbedigestedbyourbodies.__3__Besides，somebacteriainthegutcanproduceasmallamountofBvitamins.Whenplantsandanimalsdie，itisbacteriathatbreakdowntheremainsandreturnfoodtothesoil.__4__Withouttheactionofbacteria，soilwouldnotbeabletohelpplantsgrowanddeadorganismswouldnotbebrokendown.__5__Fermentation(发酵)ofmilkintocheeseandyogurt，forexample，wouldnotbepossiblewithouttheactivityofsomebacteria.Thesebacteriaarealsosometimesusedinmakingwine.A．Thishelpsusgetmoreenergyfromwhatweeat.B．However，thetruthisthatbacteriacanalsobegood.C．Manyfoodproductionprocessesneedthehelpofbacteria.D．Therearemorebacteriainyourmouththantherearepeopleintheworld.E．Somespeciesofbacteriacanbeusefulinagricultureandotherindustries.F．Thebenefitsofcertainbacteriaonecologicalbalanceareattractingattention.G．Theydothiseitherbycrowdingouttheinvadersorbykillingthebadbacteria.【语篇解读】提到细菌，我们都认为它们有害无益，其实还有许多有益菌的存在。1．解析：本空前后两句之间是转折关系，B项承上启下，引出有益菌。答案：B2．解析：本段讲的是我们体内的一些菌群能爱护我们免受其他细菌的损害，G项是对上句的说明说明。答案：G3．解析：本空是对上句的进一步说明，肠道的有益菌帮助我们消化食物，这样我们就能从食物中获得更多的能量。答案：A4．解析：本空承上启下，指出了细菌对维持生态平衡的作用。答案：F5．解析：本空为本段的主旨。依据该空后面的内容可知，一些食物的制作过程也须要某些菌群的参与。答案：CⅢ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastnightmyhusbandandIwerewalkinginanearbyparkingarea，whenwesawamanbentoverontheground，crushing(碾碎)somethingwitharock.Hewassofocusedonhis__1__thathedidn'tlook__2__atanyonepassingby.Wekept__3__himandwonderedwhathecouldbe__4__．Ithoughthewascrushingstonestomakesand，but__5__wouldhedothat?__6__，wedecidedtogoupandspeaktohim.Hewascrushingpiecesofleftoverbreadthathehad__7__topreparefoodforthebirdsthatcomethereearlymorning.Thelargepiecesofbreadwouldbe__8__forthebirdstoeatsohecrushedthemintopowder.Every__9__，aftercominghomefromhisjobasatailor，he__10__aroundhishouse，collectingleftoverbreadfromallhishousemates.Hetheneatsaquickmealandcomeshere，and__11__thenext1­2hourscarefullycrushingeachpieceandmakesaneatpileforthe__12__．Hehasbeendoingthisforthelast3to4years.What__13__usmorewasthathewas__14__thatwewereeventakinganinterestinthis，sinceforhimitwasn'tabig__15__．Whenweaskedhimwhatmadehimdothisactof__16__，hesaid，“It'sjustsomething__17__，sothattheleftoverbreaddoesn'tgointothetrashandthebirdsgetfood.”We__18__hisstorywiththehopethatitwouldremindustobe__19__ofleftoverstooandthatitmight__20__someonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，题材为日常生活类。晚上，作者漫步的时候发觉一个人在用石头将面包碾碎以便于小鸟啄食。1．A.idea B．planC．speech D．task解析：由“crushing(碾碎)somethingwitharock”可知，此处指他用石头将面包碾碎的这一任务。答案：D2．A.up B．downC．around D．through解析：由“amanbentoverontheground”可知，他低着头，没有抬头看路过的行人。答案：A3．A.doubting B．ignoringC．noticing D．helping解析：由上下文“wesawaman”和“wedecidedtogoupandspeaktohim”可知，作者和丈夫接着视察着他。答案：C4．A.thinking B．doingC．saying D．picking解析：由下文“Hewascrushingpiecesofleftoverbread”可知，此处应指他正在做什么。答案：B5．A.how B．whenC．where D．why解析：由“Ithoughthewascrushingstonestomakesand”可知，作者在想此人为什么要将石头碾碎成粉呢？答案：D6．A.Finally B．SuddenlyC．Immedia