专题17 9BU1-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）

专题179BU1-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析单元话题AsiaReading重点词汇、词组和句型GrammarIt的各种用法知识点囊括知识点囊括一、重点词组、句型1.tiringadj.使人疲劳的，累人的用来形容一件事，Climbingthestepsistiring.tiredadj.疲倦的，困倦的用来形容人的感觉，Iamverytired.2.stepn.台阶；梯级climbthestepvi.踏，踩，走step-by-step逐步的，逐渐的3.chopsticksn.复数名词筷子apairofchopsticks4.raisingn.升高theraisingoftheflagraisevt.提升，增加，养育，筹集raisemoneyforcharityraisetheirhands5.wondern.奇迹oneofthewondersoftheworldvi.想知道Iwonderwhetheryoulikeher.6.lievi.位于MountainFujiliesinthewestofTokyo.躺lielaylainShelaydownonthebed.说谎lieliedliedYouwillneverbehappyifyoulie.n.谎言tellalie7.shapen.形状，外形inunusualshapesoutofshape不成样，变样vt.塑造；体现 whatdoyouthinkwillshapeyourfuture?8.hangvi.Vt.垂下；悬挂hanghunghungsomehangdown. Ihungthewashingintheyardyesterday.绞死 hanghangedhangedThecriminalwashanged.9.pointvi.指，指向 pointatsb/sthn.分数 points10.easternadj.东部的，东方的easternChinaeastn.东方 intheeastofChina11.service n.服务；工作ahighlevelofserviceservevt&vi.服务；任职wemustservethepeopleheart.12.Japaneseadj.日本的 it’sJapanese. n.日本人 someJapanese13.Wow,theGreatWallisamazing,isn’tit?反义疑问句的用法：前肯后否是自然，前否后肯也常见；短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯。还有一点要注意，短句主语代词填；回答反义疑问句，答案含义是依据，肯定事实用yes,否定事实要用no;前后时态要一致，人称和数要相符。14.We’dbetterkeepmoving.hadbetterdosthhadbetternotdosthkeepdoingsth或keepondoingsthkeepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事15.Wakemeuponyourwayback.onone’s/thewayonone’s/thewayto与way有关的其他短语：inthisway用这种方式intheway挡道ontheway在路上bytheway顺便说一下16.InthemiddleoftheancientcityofBeijingisthePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity.inthemiddleof与inthecentreofinthemiddleof指在。。。。。（时间、长度、过程等）的中间，可用于谈论时间，如：inthemiddleofthenight在半夜；也可用于指狭长之物，如：inthemiddleoftheline在那条线的中间。inthecentreof则强调在中心，在中央Iliveinthecentreofthecity.我住在市中心。17.TheemperorsoftheMingandQingdynastiesusedtolivethere.usedtodosth过去做某事beusedtodosth被用来做某事，相当于beusedfordoingsthbeusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事18.It’swellworthavisit.beworth值得，其后常接名词或动名词Itcanbeworththeefforthowever.然而这份努力可能是很值得的。19.AnotherfamousattractionistheGreatWall.another又一，再一，可用来修饰单数或复数名词theother另一个，另一部分，可用来特指两者中的另一个或者两部分当中的另一部分。theothers其他的。。。。。。单独使用，特指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部other另外的，其他的，用作定语，用来修饰单数或复数名词others其他的，单独使用，泛指其他人或其他事物20.Itrunsforover6,000kilometresacrossnorthernChina,withwatchtowerseveryfewhundredmetres.across表示横穿；穿过，着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边，也就是说从物体的表面穿过through意为穿过，指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，也就是说从物体的内部空间穿过、穿越21.ManyvisitorscomeandvisitGuilinbecauseofitsfantasticlandscape.becauseof介词短语，后接名词、名词性短语或代词，在句中作原因状语because连词，后接句子，构成原因状语从句22.Somethingthatfillsyouwithsurprise.that此处用作关系代词，代替先行词something,在定语从句中作主语，此时不能用which进行替换。fill…with……用....充满befilledwith被......充满=befulloftoone’ssurprise（n.）使某人惊讶的是23.Thelakeisverybig------ittakesupthreequartersofthearea.takeup占据（空间）；占用（时间）threequarters四分之三，表示分数时，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，分子大于1，分母应使用复数形式。onethirdtwofifths24.Therearemanystonelionsoneithersideofit.either意为（两者中的）任何一个either…or…或者。。。。或者。。。。。either作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句末。either作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。25.Ifeltalittlecoldwhenwewentout.alittle一点，稍微alittle还可以用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级Lilyisalittletallerthanhersister.alittle还可以用于修饰不可数名词，表示数量Thereisalittlemilkinthebottle.alittle还可以用于修饰单数名词，意为“小的”Tooursurprise,heissuchalittleboy.26.Manypeoplefinditpleasanttotravelaround.findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事是。。。。的，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。pleasant形容词，“令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的”，常作定语，用于修饰物pleased形容词“高兴的，满意的”，常作表语，主语通常是人pleasure名词“快乐，乐事”，作“快乐”讲，是不可数名词，作“乐事”讲，是可数名词27.Theyprovideahighlevelofservice.他们提供了高水平的服务。providesthforsb.=providesbwithsthoffersbsth=offersthtosb28.MilliewouldliketosuggestIndia,andshehaspreparedsomenotesofit.米莉想建议印度，她已经准备了关于印度的一些笔记。wouldlikesthwouldliketodosthwouldlikesbtodosthfeellikedoing想要做某事prepare…..for…….为。。。做好准备29.Thesecondlargestpopulationintheworld世界上第二大人口population“人口”在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式当population与分数或百分数连用，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，可用某国或某城市+hasapopulationof…….用large与small来表示人口的多与少对人口数量进行提问时用what/howlargeWhat’sthepopulationofthecity?=Howlargeisthepopulationofthecity?二、语法GrammarIt的用法1：It用作形式主语

当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

e.g.Itiswrongtotellalie.

Itisnousearguingaboutit.

(争吵是没用的。)〔It为arguingaboutit的形式主语〕

Itisuncertainwhowillcome.

(谁要来还不确定。)〔It为whowillcome的形式主语〕It作形式主语的常见句型：

①It+be+形容词+todosth./doing/that….

e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.

Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.

Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.

②It+be+名词词组+doing/that….

e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.

Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterday.

ItisatruththattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.

③It+be+过去分词+that….

该句型常见动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.

e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.

ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.

Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.

④It+seems/appears/happens等不及物动词+that….

e.g.Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.

ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.

⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。

e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon’tcometomorrow?

Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?

⑥It+takes+(sb.)+sometime+todosth.

这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（todosth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。

e.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials.

IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.

HowlongdoesittakeyoutogotoBeijingfromQingdaobytrain?

Iamnotsure,butIthinkittakesatleastninehourstogetthere.

2：It用作形式宾语

当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语：

①当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等）；

e.g.TheyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.

Idon’tfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish.

Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.

Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.

②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；

e.g.Idon’tlikeitthathe’ssolazy.

Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.

③that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；

e.g.Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.

Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly?

Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocent.

④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。

e.g.Ileaveittoyourownjudgementwhetheryoushoulddoit.

Weoweittoyouthattherewasn’taseriousaccident.三、词组归纳1.inthemiddleof在--中央2.ineasternChina/intheeasternpartofChina/intheeastofChina在中国东部3.beturnedintoanattraction/findherattractive被改成一个景点/觉得她有吸引力的4.bewellworthavisit//visiting值得参观5.watchtheraisingofthenationalflag//raisetheflag观看升国旗仪式//升旗6.oneither/eachsideof--//onbothsidesof--在--任何/每一侧//在--两侧7.inunusualshapes//anundergroundcave以独特的形状//一个地下洞穴8.hangdown/pointupwards倒挂/向上伸展9.bepraisedastheancientcityofculture被誉为文化古城10.findit/it’spleasanttohireabicycle觉得租辆自行车是令人愉快的11.Thewatchtowerisopentothepublic.这瞭望塔对公众开放12.Thecitystatetakesupthreequartersofthearea.这个国家城市占据四分之三的区域13.provideahighlevelofservice//servethepeople提供高水平服务//为人民服务14.havethesecondlargestpopulationintheworld有世界第二大人口15.It’stiringtoclimbthesteps./betiredofdoingsth爬台阶是累人的/厌烦做某事16.emperorsoftheMingandQingdynasties明清两朝皇帝17.What’sthepopulationofChina?It’sover1.3billion.中国人口有多少?13多亿18.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.中国人口比美国多19.awonder//wonder(wanttoknow)//wonderfulwonderfully一个奇迹//想知道20.acrossnorthernChina横跨中国北部21.every......每隔……22.bepraisedas....被赞誉为易错题分析易错题分析语法部分：单项选择1.Is_______necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?

A.thisB.thatC.itD.he

2.Idon’tthink_______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.

A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it

3.Does_______matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?

A.thisB.thatC.heD.it

4.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_______didn’thelp.

A.heB.whichC.she

D.it

5._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

6.Ihate_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

A.itB.thatC.theseD.them

7.Don’t_______thatallthosewhogetgoodgradesintheentranceexaminationwillprovetobethemostsuccessful.

A.takeasgrantedB.takethisforgrantedC.takethatforgrantedD.takeitforgranted

8.Ilike_______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

A.thisB.thatC.itD.one【答案】1-8CDDDDADC词汇句型部分：一、翻译句子1．有些饭店有必要提高它们的服务水平。_____________________________________________________________________________2．地铁每十分钟来一趟。_____________________________________________________________________________3．我想看天安门前的升旗仪式。_____________________________________________________________________________4．印度是世界上第二人口大国。_____________________________________________________________________________5．那个男孩占据了四分之三的座位。_____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Itisnecessaryforsomerestaurantstoimprove/raisetheirlevelofservice.Theundergroundcomeseverytenminutes.IwouldliketoseetheraisingofthenationalflaginTian’anmenSquare.Indiahasthesecondlargestpopulationintheworld.Theboytakesupthreequartersoftheseat.二、选择题()1.Onthewall______twolargephotos.A.hangingB.hangedC.hangD.hangs()2.—What'stheweatherliketoday?—___________issunnyandwindy.A.ThatB.ItC.TheweatherD.This()3.—Bill,pleaseturndownthemusic,________Mum________Dadaresleeping.—Sorry,I'lldoitrightaway.A.neither;norB.either;orC.both;andD.Notonly;butalso()4.—IwillgotoHongKongDisneylandwithmyparentstomorrow.—________!A.MypleasureB.HaveanicetripC.AllrightD.Congratulations()5.Nearourschool__________somebookshopsandinourschool_______abiglibrary.A.are,isB.is,areC.are,areD.is,is()6.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemoviebyZhaoWei?—Fantastic.Ilike___verymuch.A.itB.himC.herD.you()7.—Whowasknockingatthedoorjustnow?—_________wasmycousin.A.HeB.SheC.TheyD.It()8.Thepriceofcottonhas___alot.Asaresult,thefactoriesplanto____thepriceoftheircottonclothes.A.raised,raiseB.raised,riseC.risen,raiseD.risen,rise()9.Thecave____“theArtPalaceofNature”.A.isthoughtB.issetC.ispraisedforD.ispraisedas()10.Infrontofthehouse_____abigtree.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are()11.—What'sthecostofthedictionary?—_________issixty-three.A.ThisB.ItC.ThatD.He()12.__________wasMarywhopickedupthewallet.A.HeB.SheC.TheyD.It()13.—Canaplanefly__________theAtlanticOcean?—Yes,butitneedstogo_______thecloudsforhours.A.across,throughB.through,acrossC.across,acrossD.through,through()14.Itis_______tocyclearoundGuilin.A.agreatfunB.afunC.greatfunD.agreatfunny()15.Youcanparkon____sideoftheroad.Lookatthesign“Noparking”.A.eachB.noneC.eitherD.neither()16.Whatalongway_________isfromBeijingtoLondon!A.thisB.itC.thatD./()17.About____ofthestudentsinGradeNinethisyearwereborninthe______.A.three-five,1996B.three-fifths,1990sC.third-fifth,1997D.third-fifths,1990s()18.Themuseumwillnot______peopletodaybecauseit’sbeingrepaired.A.beclosedtoB.beopentoC.bepopulartoD.beopenedto()19.Ifyouprefertheredeveningdress,you’llhavetopay_____30dollars,becauseit’smadeofsilk.A.otherB.theotherC.moreD.another()20.—Whichhobbydoyouthink____theleasttime?A.takesupB.putsupC.givesupD.makesup()21.Sheusedto____anundergroundtoschool,butnowsheisusedto____toschool.A.taking,walkB.take,walkC.taking,walkingD.take,walking()22.Nanjinglies__JiangsuProvince,anditlies____thesouthofLianyungang.A.to,onB.to,inC.in,onD.in,to()23.Actually,Idon’tthinkSpidermanIIisasinterestingasthefirst,_____?A.doesitB.doesn’titC.isn’titD.isit()24.Beijingisin_____ChinaandChinaisa(n)______country.A.North,WesternB.Northern,EasternC.South,EasternD.East,West()25.Everyoneattheparty_____themusicplayedbylittleMozart.A.amazedbyB.wasamazedwithC.amazedtoD.wasamazedat【答案】CBCBAADCDCBDACDBBBDADDDBD三、单词填空A.根据括号中所给的汉语提示写出单词，每空一词.1.Atfirst,Marywasn'tusedto_____________(筷子).2.Iamvery_______(累的)tolookaftertwopre-schoolchildrenathome.3.Inancienttimes,the____________(皇帝)haveveryhighpower.4.Ithinkit’snotpoliteto________(指向)atothers.5.The_____________(风景)oftheGreatWallislikeadragon.6.Theyhadbuilt______________(暸望塔)toprotectthevillagefromrobbers.7.Itisasuitable____________(地点)foranewschool.8.Large______________(洞穴)isalreadyknownforthousandsofyears.9.Onlya_____________(四分之一)oftheearthisland.10.Ourhometown________(位于)betweenthemountainandthelake.11.Televisionis