04 人类非遗代表古琴-2023年英语热点材料题型专练

04人类非遗代表古琴2023年英语热点材料题型专练感悟非遗·古琴制作技艺古琴是中国传统乐器中最古老、最有代表性的乐器之一，至今已有3000多年的历史。古琴要经由选料、上漆、调音等100多道工序制作而成，一把上好的古琴需要两三年才能制作完成。2003年，古琴艺术被联合国教科文组织列入人类口头和非物质文化遗产代表作名录。新华社发（罗星汉摄）人类非遗代表古琴热点专题题型专练篇目内容篇目内容备注完形填空阐述了我们的传统艺术——古琴的相关内容。阅读理解A介绍了中国传统独奏乐器——古琴22·辽宁铁岭·模拟预测阅读理解B讲述了一位古琴爱好者杨岚先生接触古琴并学习古琴技艺的事迹。22·江苏常州·二模阅读理解C讲述了俞伯牙和钟子期的故事，详细地介绍了两个人相见恨晚，成为知音的一段故事。21·安徽·淮北市模拟阅读理解D介绍了被联合国教科文组织确定为世界文化遗产之一的洪村，介绍了它美丽的景色以及文化艺术等。21·鄂尔多斯·中考真题阅读理解E介绍了中国的七弦古琴，包括它的来历，弹琴的环境氛围以及现在的状况。21·四川南充·中考真题阅读判断讲述了战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的感人故事22·四川成都·二模阅读填表B中国七弦琴—又称古琴。与围棋、书法和绘画齐名。最早出现在3000多年前，代表了中国独奏乐器的传统19·江苏·中考真题多任务混合阅读A介绍了中国的七弦琴，包括它的来历，演奏氛围，曲目和现在的状况多任务混合阅读B介绍了中国传统独奏乐器——古琴阅读还原本文主要讲的是俞伯牙和钟子期的故事21·山东泰安·中考真题短文首字母填空介绍了中国古琴的历史发展和文化短文综合填空介绍一种有1000年历史的唐代乐器——古琴22·福建·模拟预测一、完形填空OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin.Itisoneofthefour____1____—alongwithgo(围棋),calligraphy(书法)andpainting.Itfirst____2____over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings(弦),meaningthefiveelements(元素)ofmetal,wood,water,____3____andearth.LaterinZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhou____4____asixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstring.____5____hispurposeismainlytoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(气氛)wasimportantinplayingthegugin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublic____6____.Ancient____7____enjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.The____8____oftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountainsuntilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoan____9____activityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,a_____10_____withmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),a_____11_____talentedmanintheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guginpiecesareusuallythreetoeight_____12_____long,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.Other_____13_____piecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin_____14_____andperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreduced_____15_____onlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人类非物质文化遗产)in2003.1．A．things B．inventions C．arts D．places2．A．found B．appeared C．missed D．created3．A．fire B．bamboo C．paper D．silver4．A．bought B．added C．drew D．made5．A．Or B．But C．If D．So6．A．conversation B．discussion C．performance D．protection7．A．artists B．teachers C．pupils D．persons8．A．color B．sound C．size D．light9．A．expensive B．interesting C．important D．enjoyable10．A．day B．morning C．night D．moment11．A．highly B．deeply C．secretly D．quickly12．A．hours B．minutes C．seconds D．weeks13．A．useful B．meaningful C．famous D．helpful14．A．players B．professors C．engineers D．actors15．A．to B．with C．for D．of【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们阐述了我们的传统艺术——古琴的相关内容。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【解析】句意：它和围棋，书法及画画分别是四大艺术形式之一。things东西；inventions发明；arts艺术；places地方。根据“go,calligraphyandpainting”可知应是艺术之一，故选C。2．【答案】B【解析】句意：它首先出现在3000多年前并且代表着中国的独奏乐器传统。found发现；appeared出现；missed错过；created创造。根据“Itfirst...over3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.”结合备选词汇应是首先出现，故选B。3．【答案】A【解析】句意：首先，古琴仅有五根弦，意为金，木，水，火和土。fire火；bamboo竹子；paper纸；silver银。根据“metal,wood,water”和“earth”可知是五行缺火，故选A。4．【答案】B【解析】句意：后来在周朝，周文王为他的儿子加了一个第六弦。bought买；added加；drew画；made制作。根据上题可知古琴原有五弦，此处应是加了一弦，故选B。5．【答案】B【解析】句意：但是他的目的主要是为了鼓励他的军队和商朝战斗。Or或者；But但是；If如果；So所以。前后语境是表转折，即改造六弦琴并不是艺术目的，而是为了打仗，故选B。6．【答案】C【解析】句意：通常，它被在一个安静的环境中练习而从不是为公众的表演。conversation对话；discussion讨论；performance表演；protection保护。根据“public”可知应是公众表演，故选C。7．【答案】A【解析】句意：古代的艺术家喜欢在山里的溪水旁演奏。artists艺术家；teachers老师；pupils学生；persons人。根据“musician”可知应是艺术家，故选A。8．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴的声音与来自于丛山的回音混合直到音乐家感觉他与大自然融为一体。color颜色；sound声音；size尺寸；light光。根据“theechoesfromthemountains”可知应是琴音，故选B。9．【答案】D【解析】句意：对于相信古琴是世界上最纯洁的乐器的古代艺术家来说，在雪里弹古琴也是一个愉悦的活动。expensive贵的；interesting有趣的；important重要的；enjoyable愉悦的。根据“whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld”可知这些艺术家应是追求精神上的愉悦，故选D。10．【答案】C【解析】句意：而且，对于弹奏古琴，一个月光皎洁的晚上被认为是精彩的。day天；morning早晨；night晚上；moment片刻。根据“withmoonlight”可知应是晚上，故选C。11．【答案】A【解析】句意：王维，一个唐朝非常有才能的人，最喜欢在月夜的竹林里弹古琴。highly非常；deeply深地；secretly秘密地；quickly快地。根据“WangWei”可知王维是大才之人，故选A。12．【答案】B【解析】句意：古琴曲子通常三到八分钟长。hours小时；minutes分钟；seconds秒；weeks周。根据“withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知应用分钟计量，故选B。13．【答案】C【解析】句意：其它著名的曲子包括《梅花三弄》《平沙落雁》和《胡笳十八拍》。useful有用的；meaningful有意义的；famous著名的；helpful有帮助的。根据“PlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNormadFlute.”可知是名曲，故选C。14．【答案】A【解析】句意：现如今，有不到一百个训练有素的古琴演奏者和也许不超过五十个当代大师。players演奏者；professors教授；engineers工程师；actors演员。根据“Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqin”可知是指演奏者。故选A。15．【答案】A解析】句意：起初几千首曲子的数量已锐减到今天的仅仅一百曲作品。to到；with和；for为了；of表所属。reduceto“减少到”符合语境，故选A。二、阅读单选A（2022·辽宁铁岭·模拟预测）Haveyouastonishedbytheamazingdance“TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting”（《只此青绿》）ontheChineseSpringFestivalGala.Alongwithitsperfectperformance,thebackgroundmusicwhichwasplayedbytheancientinstrument—Qinwasalsoahighlight.OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither（弦）,alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandrepresentsChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.AmbiencewasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredideal（理想的）forplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements（《梅花三弄》）,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbank（《平沙落雁》）andEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute（《胡笳十八拍》）.Now,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas_________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inparagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．环境氛围 C．天气状况 D．弹奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin_________isarightchoice.A．ataquietrestaurant B．atawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统独奏乐器——古琴。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据“OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither”可知，古琴有七个弦，故选D。2．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，在安全的环境里练习，所以这是指环境氛围，故选B。3．【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Usually,itwaspracticedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，是在安静的环境中进行的，不在公开场合表演，故选C。4．【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong”可知，最长的是广陵诗，故选C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，介绍了中国传统独奏乐器——古琴，故选A。B（2022·江苏常州·二模）Aftertakingariskbydroppingoutofschoolattheageof16,twodecadeslater,YangLanhaslivedacomfortablelifebyplaying,teachingandmakingguqin.WhenYangLanfirstbecameinterestedinguqin,hewas16andhedidn’treallyknowmuchaboutit.Itwas2003andapoetic（充满诗情画意的）sceneinafilmattractedhim.Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.InthesameyearthatYangdevelopedaninterestinit,guqinmusicwasseenasanintangibleheritage（非物质文化遗产）ofhumanitybyUNESCO.Yanggottoknowstoriesrelatedtotheinstrument.Theboywasfurtherattractedbytheculturalconnotations（内涵）oftheancientinstrument,thoughheadmitstheattractionismoreaboutimagination,insteadoftheinstrumentitself.Buttheimaginationreallybuiltarelationshipbetweenhimandguqin.Afteryearsofexploration,hefinallymakesalivingbyplayingandmakingguqin,andhehasjustpublishedabookabouthisexperiencewiththeinstrument.At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（顿悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.HetoldhisparentshewouldgotoBeijingandbecomearockmusician.But,actuallyhewantedtomovetoShaolinTempletolearnguqin.Hisparentstriedtopreventhimquittingschool,buttheyfailed.Intheautumnoftheyear,Yanglefthome.“Youdon’tconsidertheresultsofyourdecisionsat16.Iwassimplyattractedbysomethinganddrawntostartajourneytofindit.”saysYang.Afternearly20years,Yang,now35,sayshedoesnotregrethischoiceashehassatisfiedwithhiscurrentlife,but,sometimes,hefeelscuriousabouthowhislifewouldhaveturnedoutifhehadtakenanotherpath.1．Canyouguessthemeaningof

“dropoutofschool”accordingtothepassage?A．gotofurtherstudy B．leaveschool C．pickanotherschool D．gotoschoolafterarest2．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．YangLan’sparentssupportedhisideas.B．YangLanwantedtogotoBeijingtolearnguqin.C．Guqinmusicbecameanintangibleheritageofhumanity35yearsago.D．Guqinhasahistoryofmorethan3000years.3．Wherecanweseethispassage?A．Asciencebook B．Anovel C．Newspapers D．Astorybook【短文大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位古琴爱好者杨岚先生接触古琴并学习古琴技艺的事迹。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据第五段“At16,shortlyafterhisepiphany（顿悟）,Yangdecidedtodropoutofschoolandpursueamusiccareer.”可知他16岁的时候应是还在求学期间，但他毅然放弃学业转而追求把音乐当成一种职业，因此dropoutofschool应是指“辍学”，即leaveschool。故选B。2．【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Guqinhasexisted（存在）forover3,000years.”可知古琴已经存在超过3000年了，换句话说，古琴有着3000多年的历史。故选D。3．【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。全文讲述的是杨岚先生在他16岁的时候接触古琴后开始刻苦钻研学习古琴技艺的人物故事，因此这篇文章的出处很可能是报纸。故选C。C（2021·安徽·淮北市模拟）DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.Heplayedguqinverywell.Manypeopleenjoyedhismusic.ZhongZiqiwasoneofthem.Oneday,Boyacamebackfromatriptothemountains.Heplayedguqintoexpresshisloveforthemountains.ZhongZiqistoodbesideBoyaashewasplayingguqin.Zhongsaid,“Howbeautifullyyou’replayingguqin!WhenIlistentoyouplayingguqin,Icanalmostseethemountainsinfrontofmyeyes.”BoyawaspleasedtohearZhong’swords.Thenheplayedanotherpiece.Zhongcheeredagain,“Whatabeautifulpieceitis!Iseemtoimaginehundredsofboatsaresailingdown(顺流而下)bigrivers.”BoyawassurprisedatZhong'scomments(评价).HedecidedtoplaymorepiecesforZhong.Wheneverheplayedanewpiece,ZhongcouldtellwhatBoyawasthinkingabout.Afterthat,theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant,AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.Fromthestory,wecanlearnalessonfromthestory.Itishardtofindatruefriend.Ifyoufindyourtruefriends,lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.1．WhowasYuBoya?A．HewasaZhongZiqi’sguginteacher.B．HewasamusicianduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.C．Hewasamountainclimbinglover.D．Helikedtoplayguqinduringthetriptothemountains.2．WhydidBoyabreakhisguqinafterZhongdied?A．Becausehewastoooldtoplayguqinanymore.B．Becausehemadeanothertruefriendthatwashelpful.C．Becausehelostthefriendthatunderstoodhismindmost.D．Becausehewasinterestedinotherinstruments.3．Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusthroughthestory?A．Goodfriendsshouldhelpeachother.B．It’seasytofindfriendsthroughmusic.C．Realfriendshipsshouldbecareddeeply.D．Goodfriendsshouldbelikeamirror.【短文大意】短文讲述了俞伯牙和钟子期的故事，详细地介绍了两个人相见恨晚，成为知音的一段故事。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod，therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.”可知俞伯牙是春秋时期的一位音乐家。故选B。2．【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Afterthat，theybecameclosefriendsbecauseonlyZhongunderstoodwhatthemusicmeant，AfterZhong’sdeath.Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.”可知钟子期死后，伯牙摔坏了他的古琴，因为他失去了最了解他想法的朋友。故选C。3．【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文中“Ifyoufindyourtruefriends，lovethemandcherish(珍惜)realfriendships.”可知作者想通过这个故事告诉我们：应该非常珍惜真正的友谊。故选C。D（2021·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·中考真题）Hongcun,withahistoryofabout900years,isanextremelybeautifulvillageinAnhuiProvince.LocatedunderMountHuang,thevillagehaskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromancienttimes.It’salsooneofUNESCO（联合国教科文组织）WorldHeritageSites（世界文化遗产）.Wanderalongtheoldstonestreetsandlanes,andyouwillfeelliketravellingbackintime.AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.OnthefrontgateofeachhouseholdisdottedwithredChineseknotsandlanterns.Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds,surroundedbydarkgreenmountains.It’salivingwater-inkpicture.Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin,fillsupthehouseandfloatsintoyourhearts,asifyouhearbirdssinging,pines（松）whistlingandriversflowing.Youwillbelostinaworld,fullofpeaceandpleasure.Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（层）willcomeintoyoursight:Nodustisrisingontheroad,wetwithmorningrain,Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Walkoutoftheteahouse,andgototheopen-airtheatre.Theactorswithcolouredmake-ups（脸绘）areperformingonthestageinspecialclothes.It’salocaloperacalledHuangmeiOperaanddifferentfromothers,suchasKunOpera,BeijingOperaandYueOpera.Also,youcanenjoyafeastofvarietiesofquyi:crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.1．Fromthepassage,weknowthatHongcun________.A．isanoldbeautifulvillagewithahistoryofabout600yearsB．istheonlyoneUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteinChinaC．liesunderMountHuainShaanxiProvinceD．haskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromtheMingandQingDynasties2．What’sthecorrectmeaningoftheunderlinedword“reflected”inthepassage?A．倒映 B．反射 C．衬托 D．映衬3．Inthevillageteahouse,whatelements（元素）ofChinaarementioned?①Chineseknots

②pingshu

③classicalmusic④poems

⑤HuangmeiOpera

⑥teaA．①③⑤ B．②④⑥ C．①③⑥ D．③④⑥4．ThroughthedescriptionofHongcun,thepassageshowsus________.A．theinfluenceofChineseliterature B．thebeautyofChinesecultureC．theimportanceofChinesecustoms D．thehistoryofChineseart【短文大意】文章介绍了被联合国教科文组织确定为世界文化遗产之一的洪村，介绍了它美丽的景色以及文化艺术等，建议人们去参观。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据“AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.”可知，洪村所有的灰色屋顶和白色墙壁的房子都建于明清时期，即保留了明清时期的中国主要风格，故选D。2．【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Allofthemareoutlinedagainsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds”可知，所有这些都在蓝天的映衬下轮廓分明，映在清澈的河流、湖泊和池塘里，所以单词“reflected”指的是“倒映”，故选A。3．【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin...Holdingtheteacup,somelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer（层）willcomeintoyoursight”可知，在茶馆提到了古典音乐、茶以及诗，故选D。4．【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据“IfyouwanttofeelmoreabouttheuniquecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.”及整个文章的理解可知，文章介绍洪村主要是为了展示中国文化之美，故选B。E（2021·四川南充·中考真题）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheguqin,oneofthefourarts—alongwithgo,calligraphy（书法）andpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000yearsagoandstandsforChina’ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguqinhadonlyfivestrings（弦）,meaningthefiveelements（元素）ofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later,inZhouDynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson.KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambiencewasimportantinplayingtheguqin.Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes（回音）fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfelthewasatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoanenjoyableactivityforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also,anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredwonderfulforplayingtheguqin.WangWei（701—761）,ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangDynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguqinplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyonehundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in2003.1．Today,theguqinhas________strings.A．four B．five C．six D．seven2．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“Ambience”inParagraph3?A．演奏技巧 B．环境氛围 C．天气状况 D．弹奏曲目3．Accordingtothepassage,playingtheguqin________isarightchoice.A．ataquietrestaurant B．atawelcomepartyC．inapeacefulyardwithflowers D．onadarknightwithrainstorm4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Theguqinhasahistoryoflessthan3000years.B．Thestringsmeanmetal,wood,water,fireandstone.C．ThelongestguqinpieceisGuanglingVerse.D．Theguqinisverypopularandmanypeoplecanplayit.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theguqinanditsmusic. B．Theguqinanditsplayers.C．FourChinesetraditionalarts. D．Thedevelopmentofguqinmusic.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了中国的七弦古琴，包括它的来历，弹琴的环境氛围以及现在的状况。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据“KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang”可知，现在古琴是有七根弦，故选D。2．【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance…”可知，本段主要讲述的就是弹琴的环境氛围，所以Ambience表示“环境氛围”，故选B。3．【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Usually,itwaspracticedinaquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance”可知，弹奏七弦古琴需要在安静的地方，且不是公开表演，故选C。4．【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Guqinpiecesareusuallythreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.”可知，最长的是《广陵诗》，C表述正确，故选C。5．【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了古琴和它的音乐，以及它的演奏环境，故选A。三、阅读判断（2022·四川成都·二模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。

Theword“zhiyin”,whichmeansclosefriends,comesfromthestoryofYuBoyaandZhongZiqiintheWarringStatesPeriod.Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.Afteralongtalk,theybecamegoodfriends.SinceBoyahadtoreturntohisstate,theyagreedtomeetagaininthefollowingyear.

Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.BoyawassosadandinfrontofZiqi’stomb,heplayedagainthemusichehadplayedwhentheyfirstmet.Thefeelingofthemusicwassostrongthatitwasasiftheriversandthemountainswerecrying.Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.Fromthenon,Boyaneverplayedagain.PeopleintheSongDynastybuilttheGuqinTaiinWuhantomemorizethedeepfriendshipbetweenBoyaandZiqi,whichbecameanimportantpartofthelocalculture.

Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.41．YuBoyawasplayingGuqinonaboatwhenhefirstmetZhongZiqi.________42．ZhongZiqiwasafishermanandhewasgoodatguqin,too.________43．ZhongZiqihadbeenkilledinthewarbeforeYuBoyacamebacktovisithim.________44．YuBoyabrokehisguqinbecausehewantedtoshowhissadnessoflosingagoodfriend.________45．Thestory“zhiyin”hasbecomeasymbolofdeepfriendshipinChineseculture.________【短文大意】本文讲述了战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的感人故事。【答案解析】1．【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Boyawasgoodatplayingguqin.Oneday,hewasplayingmusiconhiswayhomeontheboat.ToBoya’ssurprise,Ziqi,awoodcutterwhohappenedtopassby,couldunderstandexactlywhathewantedtoexpressthroughhismusic.”可知俞伯牙第一次见到钟子期时，他正在船上演奏古琴。故填A。2．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章介绍是伯牙擅长弹古琴，子期能够听出琴声表达的意境，可知钟子期是个渔夫，他也擅长古琴是错误的。故填B。3．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately,whengettingbacktovisitZiqi,Boyaheardthathisfriendhaddiedfromanillness.”可知在俞伯牙回来探望钟子期之前，钟子期已经在战争中阵亡是错误的，是生病死的。故填B。4．【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Whenfinishingplaying,Boyabrokehisguqinintopieces.”可知俞伯牙打破了他的古琴，因为他想表达失去一个好朋友的悲伤。故填A。5．【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据“Zhiyinculturehasnewdevelopmentinthenewperiod.ThefamousancientChineseclassicalmusicpieceGaoshanLiushui,alsoknownasHighMountainandFlowingWater,isusuallyperformedinsomeinternationalmeetings.ItnotonlyshowsthebeautyoftraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesChina’swillingnesstodevelopisfriendshipwithpeoplefromallaroundtheworld.”可知“知音”这个故事已经成为中国文化中深厚友谊的象征。故填A。四、阅读填表（2019·江苏·中考真题）OnecannotdiscussChinesemusicwithoutmentioningtheChineseseven-stringzither(七弦琴),alsoknownastheguqin,oneofthefourarts-alongwithgo,calligraphyandpainting.Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.Atfirst,theguginhadonlyfivestrings,representingthefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth.Later.intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.Ambience(环境气氛)wasimportantinplayingtheChinesezither.Usually,itwaspractisedinquietsettingandneverforpublicperformance.Ancientartistsenjoyedperformingbyastreaminthemountains.Thesoundofthequqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.Playingitinsnowwasalsoafavoritepastimeforancientartists,whobelievedtheinstrumentwasthepurestofitskindintheworld.Also.anightwithmoonlightwasconsideredidealforPlayingtheguqin.WangWei(701-761),ahighlytalentedmanoftheTangdynasty,likedplayingitinabambooforestonnightswithmoonlightmost.Guqinpiecesareusuallyaroundthreetoeightminuteslong,withthelongestbeingGuanglingVerse,whichis22minuteslong.OtherfamouspiecesincludePlumBlossomsinThreeMovements,WildGeeseLandingontheSandbankandEighteenSongsofaNomadFlute.Nowadays,therearefewerthanonethousandwell-trainedguginplayersandperhapsnomorethanfiftylivingmasters.Theoriginalnumberofseveralthousandpieceshasgreatlyreducedtoonlyahundredworksbytoday.TheguqinanditsmusicwasaddedtothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(人类非物质文化遗产)in2003.Title:TheGuilinandItsMusicMainPartsDetailedinformationIntroductiontotheguqin

Asoneofthefourarts,ithasa___1___of3,000yearsandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.

Thestrings

Atfirst,therewerefivestrings,whichrepresentedfiveelements.

Later,kingsintheZhoudynastyadded____2____morestringstothem.Theambience

Inquietsetting,notforpublicperformance.1.Byastreaminthemountains.The___3___soundoftheguqinanditsechoescouldmakemusiciansfindthemselves–atonewithnature.2.Insnow.Itwasbelievedtobethepurestinstrumentintheworld.3.Onanightwithmoonlight.WangWei's____4____wastoplaytheguqininabambooforestonanightfullofmoonlight.Thepresent_5_

Notmanyplayers,mastersandworks-arealivenowadays.

TheguqinanditsmusicenteredthelisttheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityin2003.

【短文大意】本文介绍了中国七弦琴——又称古琴。古琴是四大艺术之一，与围棋、书法和绘画齐名。它最早出现在3000多年前，代表了中国独奏乐器的传统。古代艺术家喜欢在山间小溪中表演。古琴的篇幅一般在三到八分钟左右，最长的是广陵诗，长22分钟。其他著名的作品包括梅花三乐章、雁落沙洲、游牧长笛十八首。如今，训练有素的古琴手、大师和作品不多。2003年，古琴及其音乐被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。【答案解析】1．【答案】history【解析】句意：作为四大艺术之一，它有着3000年的历史，代表着中国独奏乐器的传统。根据Itfirstappearedover3,000agoandrepresentsChina'ssolomusicalinstrumenttradition.它最早出现在3000多年前，代表了中国独奏乐器的传统。可知，古琴有着3000年的历史了。故答案为history。2．【答案】two

【解析】句意：后来，周朝的国王又增加了两条弦。根据intheZhoudynasty,KingWenofZhouaddedasixthstringforhisson,KingWuofZhou,addedaseventhstringtoencouragehisarmytofightwiththeShang.周朝时，周文王为儿子周武王增加了第六根弦，又增加了第七根弦，以鼓励他的军队与商作战。可知，古琴在后来又增加了两条弦。所以答案为：two。3．【答案】mixed【解析】句意：古琴的声音和山上的回音混合在一起，可以让音乐家们发现自己与大自然是一体的。根据Thesoundoftheguqinmixedwiththeechoes(回音)fromthemountains,untilthemusicianfoundhimselfatonewithnature.古琴的声音和山上的回音混合在一起，直到乐师发现自己与大自然融为一体。themixsoundof：混合的声音。故