2025届中考英语复习课件（外研版广西专用）03-一、词类-专题二 动词

第二部分

语法知识精讲练一、词类专题二

动词知识必备

动词的分类和动词的基本形式动词的分类►实义动词：有实在意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语类别用法和结构例句及物动词用法：及物动词本身意义不完整，在句中必须接宾语才能使其意思完整，及物动词有被动语态结构：主语+及物动词+单宾语/双宾语/复合宾语I

like

this

song.I

bought

my

father

a

pen.We

consider

him

an

honest

boy.类别用法和结构例句不及物动词用法：不及物动词本身意思完整，无须接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，“部分不及物动词+介词”相当于及物动词，其后可接宾语结构：主语+不及物动词主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语I

will

arrive

soon.I

will

arrive

in

your

city

soon.续表类别用法和结构例句及物动词&不及物动词同上述结构和用法We

won.We

won

the

game.拓展：实义动词根据是否可以延续还可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词【具体讲解见本册P114】续表►连系动词（含感官动词）：本身有一定意义，但是不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语

类别例词结构例句状态类系动词be，am，is，are，was，were主语+连系动词+表语（名词/形容词）My

sister

is

tall.感官类系动词feel，look，smell，sound，tasteThe

fish

smells

delicious.类别例词结构例句表“变化”类系动词become，get，turn，fall，go，grow主语+连系动词+表语（名词/形容词）Her

face

turned

red

when

she

spoke

in

front

of

the

class.持续类系动词keep，remain，stayHe

keeps

healthy

by

doing

exercise.续表类别例词结构例句表“像”类系动词seem，appear主语+连系动词+表语（名词/形容词）The

man

seems

tired.续表►助动词：本身无意义，只能和它后面的动词一起作谓语，用来帮助构成句子的时态、语态、否定句、疑问句和简略回答例词用法和结构例句be，am，is，are，was，were与其他词一起，构成时态、语态等They

are

doing

their

homework.do，does，did构成各种时态的否定式或疑问式等They

didn’t

finish

their

homework.例词用法和结构例句have，has，had与其他词一起，构成完成时They

haven’t

finished

their

homework.will，would与其他词一起，构成将来时或将来时的被动语态They

will

finish

their

homework

on

time.续表►情态动词：表示说话人对某个动作或状态的看法、态度等，不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形，基本没有人称和数的变化。

例词用法和结构例句can，could，may，might，will，would，must，should等情态动词和实义动词一起构成谓语，基本无人称和数的变化特例：have/hastoI

can

sing

this

song.【情态动词具体讲解见本册P110】动词的基本形式►动词的规则变化类别情况变化规则示例动词原形→第三人称单数一般情况加-shelp→helps

improve→improves以s，x，ch，sh，o结尾加-esguess→guesses

fix→fixesteach→teaches

wash→washesgo→goes以辅音字母加y结尾先变y为i，再加-esfly→flies

study→studies类别情况变化规则示例动词原形→过去式/过去分词一般情况加-edhelp→helped/helpedwalk→walked/walked以不发音的e结尾加-dlive→lived/livedpromise→promised/promised以辅音字母加y结尾先变y为i，再加-edtry→tried/triedcarry→carried/carried续表类别情况变化规则示例动词原形→过去式/过去分词只有1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop→stopped/stopped续表类别情况变化规则示例动词原形→现在分词/动名词一般情况加-ingread→reading

feel→feeling以不发音的e结尾先去e，再加-inglive→living

write→writing以ie结尾的单音节词先变ie为y，再加-ingdie→dying

lie→lying续表类别情况变化规则示例动词原形→现在分词/动名词只有1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节先双写该辅音字母，再加-ingstop→stopping

run→running►动词的不规则变化【具体内容见《教材词句记背册》P104】续表考点1

动词词义辨析（单项选择：6年6考；完形填空：每年1-4道）

解答动词词义辨析类试题时，首先要明确各选项的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或前后的逻辑关系，从而确定正确答案。熟记动词的含义是正确解答此类试题的关键。真题探究（2024广西36题）You

should

___

your

car

slowly

when

passing

by

a

school.AA.

drive

B.

clean

C.

repair【方法点拨】第①步：分析语境：当你经过学校时，你应该缓慢____车；第②步：分析选项：drive驾驶；clean打扫；repair修理；第③步：结合常识及选项可知此处表示“经过学校时，应缓慢驾车”，drive符合语境。1.（2022北部湾经济区36题）—Miss

Yao，may

I

________

your

computer

to

search

for

information?—Of

course.(

)

AA.

use

B.

count

C.

draw2.（2021北部湾经济区36题改编）—

________

here，please.—Sorry，I

will

move

the

car

away

right

now.(

)

CA.

No

swimming

B.

No

smoking

C.

No

parking3.（2020北部湾经济区34题改编）Look!

The

Whites

are________

for

a

big

family

dinner

in

the

kitchen.(

)

CA.

looking

B.

asking

C.

preparing4.（2024武汉改编）—What

a

team!

They’re

always

pulling

together.—Exactly.

No

force

can

________

them.(

)

AA.

separate

B.

push

C.

cost5.（2024梧州二模）Jim

is

going

to

join

the

Sports

Club

because

he

likes

________.(

)

CA.

singing

B.

reading

C.

running6.（2024钦州一模）Joe

invited

me

to

his

birthday

party，but

I

________

him

because

I

had

to

visit

my

grandparents.(

)

AA.

refused

B.

accepted

C.

received7.（2024梧州一模）—Come

home

before

dinner

time，Alvin.—ΟK.

I

________，Dad.(

)

CA.

worry

B.

guess

C.

promise8.（2024贺州一模）Li

Ling

couldn’t

come

back

home

during

the

Spring

Festival，so

she

________

her

family

very

much.(

)

CA.

trusted

B.

minded

C.

missed9.（2024柳州二模）Your

advice

________

good.

I

will

take

it.(

)

CA.

smells

B.

tastes

C.

sounds10.At

the

sports

meeting，our

team

________

the

other

teams

and

got

the

first

place.(

)

A.

trained

B.

beat

C.

preparedB11.—Let’s

get

close

to

nature

this

weekend，David.—Good

idea.

We

can

________

ourselves.(

)

BA.

help

B.

relax

C.

follow12.—Which

bubble

tea

should

I

choose?—Why

don’t

you

________

this

one?

It’s

the

most

popular.(

)

AA.

consider

B.

avoid

C.

hate13.—What

do

you

think

of

Paul?—He

is

honest.

All

of

us

________

him.(

)

AA.

trust

B.

improve

C.

protect14.Sora

is

amazing.

It

is

a

new

text-to-video

tool

________

by

Open

AI

company.

Maybe

it

can

make

our

life

more

colorful.(

)

AA.

created

B.

controlled

C.

repaired15.—There

are

too

many

books

in

your

bag.

It

________

too

much.—That’s

OK，Mum.(

)

CA.

brings

B.

offers

C.

weighs16.—The

flowers

are

very

beautiful

in

the

park.—Yes.

They

________

sweet.(

)

BA.

look

B.

smell

C.

taste考点2

动词短语辨析（单项选择：每年1道；完形填空：6年3考）

解答动词短语辨析类试题时，首先要明确各选项的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或者前后的逻辑关系，从而确定正确答案。熟记动词短语的含义是正确解答此类试题的关键。【动词短语见《教材词句记背册》P93】真题探究（2024广西38题）—Dad，let’s

___

early

to

do

exercise

tomorrow

morning.—OK，no

problem.BA.

look

up

B.

get

up

C.

give

up【方法点拨】第①步：分析语境：——爸爸，我们明天早上早点____做运动吧。——好的，没问题。；第②步：分析选项：look

up查阅，向上看；get

up起床；give

up放弃；第③步：结合语境及选项可知此处表示“早点起床”，get

up符合语境。1.（2023广西39题）—I

think

robots

are

very

helpful.—I

________

you.

They

make

our

life

easier.(

)

BA.

wait

for

B.

agree

with

C.

worry

about2.（2022北部湾经济区39题）—Eric，I

found

a

watch

on

the

playground.—You’d

better

go

to

the

Lost

and

Found

Office

and

________.(

)

AA.

hand

it

in

B.

turn

it

down

C.

look

it

up3.（2021北部湾经济区37题改编）Tony

________

his

grandfather

in

the

hospital

last

summer.(

)

AA.

looked

after

B.

laughed

at

C.

pointed

at4.（2020北部湾经济区38题改编）—Dad，I

want

to

watch

TV.

Could

I________?—Of

course.(

)

BA.

put

it

up

B.

turn

it

on

C.

take

it

off混合型5.（2024齐齐哈尔）We

should

learn

to

be

independent.

We’d

better

not

________

our

parents

too

much.(

)

CA.

keep

on

B.

get

on

C.

depend

on6.（2024桂林二模）Please

________

the

form

if

you

want

to

learn

English

in

Los

Angeles.(

)

CA.

write

about

B.

make

up

C.

fill

out7.Our

English

teacher

often

asks

us

to

________

an

article

quickly

and

then

find

the

main

idea

of

it.(

)

BA.

put

up

B.

look

through

C.

take

away8.After

graduating

from

this

college，he

________

a

company.(

)

AA.

set

up

B.

cared

about

C.

put

on9.—Can

you

help

me

________

who

broke

my

window?—OK.

Wait

a

minute，please.(

)

A.

put

up

B.

find

out

C.

give

upB10.—Playing

in

nature

is

very

important

for

children

to

________.—I

quite

agree.(

)

CA.

look

after

B.

write

down

C.

grow

up11.Look!

There

are

too

many

people

on

this

bus.

Let’s

________

the

next

one.(

)

CA.

call

on

B.

care

about

C.

wait

for同一动词型12.（2019北部湾经济区36题改编）John，please

________

your

dictionary

from

the

schoolbag

and

look

up

the

new

word.(

)

CA.

take

away

B.

take

up

C.

take

out13.（2024达州改编）—Coco，I

can’t

understand

the

meaning

of

this

word.—You’d

better

________

the

word

in

your

dictionary.(

)

BA.

look

for

B.

look

up

C.

look

after14.It’s

nice

of

you

to

help

the

old

man

________

the

bus

and

find

a

seat

for

him.(

)

AA.

get

on

B.

get

up

C.

get

off15.—Your

desk

looks

pretty

tidy.—Thanks.

I

always

________

my

school

things

after

I

use

them.(

)

AA.

put

away

B.

put

on

C.

put

off16.As

long

as

we

work

hard，our

Chinese

Dream

is

sure

to

________.(

)

AA.

come

true

B.

come

out

C.

come

from同一介词/副词型17.（2024南宁二模）It’s

hot

in

the

room.

Why

don’t

you

________

your

thick

coat?(

)

CA.

put

off

B.

turn

off

C.

take

off18.（2024南宁二模）—I

think

English

is

very

interesting

to

learn.—I

________

you.(

)

AA.

agree

with

B.

talk

with

C.

deal

with19.Andrew

is

crazy

about

DIY，and

it

________

most

of

his

free

time.(

)

CA.

picks

up

B.

gives

up

C.

takes

up考点3

情态动词（单项选择：6年3考）►情态动词的基本用法（2023.32;北部湾经济区：2019.38）1.can与could情态动词含义及用法例句can（2023.32）表示能力，意为“能,会”Jim

can

sing

songs.表示请求、允许，意为“可以”Can

I

play

basketball

now？情态动词含义及用法例句couldcan的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示过去的能力Lily

could

swim

at

the

age

of

5.在疑问句中表示委婉的请求Could

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

post

office？表示委婉、客气地提出建议We

could

write

a

letter

to

the

headmaster.续表2.

must与have

to情态动词含义及用法例句must表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”I

must

work

hard.have

to意为“不得不，必须”，多表示客观必要I

have

to

get

up

early

tomorrow.

辨析must与have

to1.must表示说话人的主观意志，意为“必须”，无人称和数的变化；have

to意为“不得不”，强调受到外界客观因素的迫使，可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。如：I

must

finish

my

homework

first.We

didn’t

want

to

go

to

the

party，but

we

had

to.2.must与have

to的肯定形式含义接近，但是否定形式的含义完全不同，mustn’t意为“禁止，不允许”，do/does/did

not

have

to意为“不必”，相当于needn’t。如：You

mustn’t

take

this

book

to

the

classroom.You

don’t

have

to/needn’t

take

this

book

to

the

classroom.3.may与might情态动词含义及用法例句may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”May

I

speak

to

Amy？mightmay的过去式，表示请求、许可，语气比

may

更委婉Might

I

ask

you

a

question？4.

will，would与shall情态动词含义及用法例句will表示意愿或请求，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称Will

you

please

pass

the

book

to

me？would表示建议或个人意愿，表示建议时，语气较委婉Would

you

please

help

me

with

my

maths？情态动词含义及用法例句shall常用于疑问句，多用于第一人称，表示请求或征求对方的意见Shall

we

go

to

the

zoo？续表5.

should，need与had

better情态动词含义及用法例句should意为“应该”，用于肯定句或否定句中时，表示要求、命令、劝告或建议；用于疑问句中时，表示征询意见You

should

come

here

early.Should

I

come

here

early？need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句或疑问句中You

needn’t

come

here

early.情态动词含义及用法例句had

betterhad

better意为“最好”，没有人称和数的变化，常缩写为’d

betterYou’d

better

come

here

early.续表回答情态动词引导的一般疑问句的特殊情况：1.

由may或might引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may/can；否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。如：—May/Might

I

read

this

book?—Yes，you

may/can./No，you

can’t/mustn’t.2.由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must；否定回答常用needn’t/don’t

have

to/doesn’t

have

to/didn’t

have

to（北部湾经济区：2019.38）。如：—Must

I

go

to

that

party?—Yes，you

must./No，you

needn’t/don’t

have

to.3.由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t。如：—Need

I

do

the

work

at

once？—Yes，you

must./No，you

needn’t.4.

回答以could引导的一般疑问句时，用can，不用could。如：—Could

I

use

your

mobile

phone?—Yes，you

can./No，you

can’t.►情态动词表推测的用法（北部湾经济区：2020.39）情态动词含义及用法例句肯定推测must表示非常有把握的肯定推测，意为“一定，肯定”It

must

be

raining

outside.

My

father’s

clothes

are

so

wet.may表示把握不大的肯定推测，意为“有可能，也许”John

may

come

back

at

5：00

pm.情态动词含义及用法例句肯定推测might/could表示没有把握的肯定推测，意为“有可能，也许”，可能性低于mayThe

pencil

might/could

be

Bob’s.续表情态动词含义及用法例句否定推测can’t（北部湾经济区：2020.39）表示十分有把握的否定推测，意为“一定不，不可能”He

can’t

be

having

a

meeting.

I

saw

him

just

now.may

not表示把握不大的否定推测，意为“可能不”Mandy

may

not

come

tonight.续表1.（2023广西32题）—Can

you

speak

English，Lingling?—Yes，I

________.(

)

BA.

must

B.

can

C.

should2.（2020北部湾经济区39题改编）—Is

that

woman

in

the

lab

Ms

Jones?—No.

It

________

be

her.

She

has

gone

to

the

museum.(

)

AA.

can’t

B.

can

C.

mustn’t3.（2019北部湾经济区38题改编）—Must

I

hand

in

the

homework

right

now?—________.

That’s

the

rule.(

)

BA.

Yes，you

canB.

Yes，you

mustC.

No，you

mustn’t4.（2024菏泽）—Whose

volleyball

is

this?—It

________

be

Lucy’s.

She

loves

volleyball.(

)

BA.

can’t

B.

must

C.

mustn’t5.（2024常州改编）When

you

make

a

fresh

salad，you

________

add

your

favorite

fruit

if

you

would

like

to.(

)

AA.

may

B.

should

C.

must6.（2024雅安改编）—Is

that

your

friend

Laura

over

there?—No，it

________

be

Laura.

She

has

gone

to

Shenzhen.(

)

CA.

mustn’t

B.

needn’t

C.

can’t7.（2024柳州一模）—Must

I

stay

here

and

wait

for

you?—No，you

________.

You

can

go

home

now.(

)

AA.

needn’t

B.

can’t

C.

mustn’t8.I’m

surprised

to

know

that

camels

________

live

without

water

for

a

long

time.(

)

AA.

can

B.

must

C.

need9.—Be

careful!

We

________

cross

the

road

when

the

light

is

red.—I

see，Mum.(

)

BA.

needn’t

B.

mustn’t

C.

wouldn’t10.I

think

teenagers

________

share

some

housework

at

home.

It

helps

them

become

independent.(

)

CA.

could

B.

will

C.

should考点4

动词的时态（单项选择：6年5考）►一般现在时一般现在时基本结构1.

主语+am/is/are（+表语）2.

主语+其他系动词原形/其他系动词单三形式+表语3.

主语+动词原形/动词的单三形式（+宾语）一般现在时标志词1.

频度副词：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never，hardly2.

频度词组：onceayear，twiceamonth，threetimesaday等3.

其他词组：onSundays，atweekends，everyday/year…（every系列）一般现在时常见用法及例句1.

表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作，常与频度副词连用。如：Ialwaysgetupearly.2.

表示主语现在的特征或状态等。如：Shehasagoodsenseofhumor.3.

表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。如：The

earth

moves

around

the

sun.注意：如果宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象，即使主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用一般现在时。一般现在时常见用法及例句4.

主将从现：若一个复合句含有由when，after，before，until，as

soon

as等引导的时间状语从句或由if，unless，as

long

as，once等引导的条件状语从句，主句若用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。如：Ifyougotothatparty，Iwillgoaswell.5.

表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，但仅限于start，begin，leave，go，come，arrive等动词。如：The

train

leaves

at

five

thisafternoon.一般过去时基本结构1.

主语+was/were（+表语）2.

主语+其他系动词过去式+表语3.

主语+动词的过去式（+宾语）►一般过去时（2023.38）一般过去时时间标志词1.

ago词组2.

yesterday及yesterday词组3.

last及last词组4.

just

now，in

the

past，in

1920等5.

attheageof…，usedto…6.

oneday，longlongago，onceuponatime一般过去时常见用法及例句1.

表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。如：Igotupearlythismorning.2.

表示过去常常或反复发生的动作，常与频度副词连用。如：WhenNancywasalittlegirl,sheoftenplayedgameswithhersister.3.

有些句子没有明确表示过去时间的状语，但根据语境可知是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。如：—Excuseme,Sir.It'sanon-smokingarea.—Sorry,Ididn'tseeit.一般将来时基本结构1.

主语+will/shall+动词原形（+表语/宾语）2.

主语+am/is/are

goingto+动词原形（+表语/宾语）►一般将来时一般将来时时间标志词1.

tomorrow，soon2.

nextweek/month（next系列）3.

inaweek，in2026，in+一段时间4.

inthe（near）future一般将来时常见用法及例句1.

表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或存在的状态。如：TheywillleaveforShanghainextweek.2.

表示某种必然的趋势。如：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.3.

“begoingto+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事情，表示已决定的、很可能发生的事情或有某种迹象表明要发生的事情。如：Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.（计划）Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.（客观迹象）现在进行时基本结构主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词（+宾语）►现在进行时（2024.39；北部湾经济区：2021.38）现在进行时时间标志词1.

now,rightnow2.

atpresent,atthistime,atthe/thismoment3.

when,while4.

Look!/Listen!现在进行时常见用法及例句1.

表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如：Iamwritinganemailtomycousin.2.

表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行，常用时间状语有：this/these+表示一段时间的名词。如：Jimispreparingforanimportantpaintingcompetitionthesedays.现在进行时常见用法及例句3.

bedoing表示将来，常用这种结构的动词有go，come，leave，stay，start，begin，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。如：MyauntisleavingforShanghaithisafternoon.4.

与always，usually等词连用，表示反复发生的动作，常含有赞扬、不满、厌烦、好奇等感情色彩。如：Youarealwaysforgettingimportantthings.（表示责备）过去进行时基本结构主语+was/were+动词的现在分词（+宾语）►过去进行时（北部湾经济区：2022.38,2019.37）过去进行时时间标志词1.

then2.

atthattime，attenyesterday,atthistimeyesterday3.

when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句过去进行时常见用法及例句1.

表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。如：Iwastakingashowerwhenyoucalledmelastnight.2.

表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。如：WewerewatchingTVfromsixtoeightlastnight.3.

过去进行时常和always等副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。如：Thetwobrotherswerealwaysquarreling.（表示厌烦）现在完成时基本结构主语+has/have+动词的过去分词（+表语/宾语）►现在完成时现在完成时时间标志词1.

already，ever，never，just，yet，still2.

recently，lately，sofar，uptillnow3.

inthepast/last3years/…4.

since1998,since+一段时间+ago5.

for+一段时间现在完成时常见用法及例句1.

表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响。如：Hehasturnedoffthelight.2.

表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，也许还要持续下去，常和for，since连用，动词应用延续性动词。如：Mr.Whitehasworkedinthisfactorysinceitopened.现在完成时常见用法及例句3.

特殊用法：（1）have/hasgoneto已去某地（人未回）have/hasbeento曾去过某地（人已回）have/hasbeenin待在某地（2）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子（3）It/Thisisthe+序数词+time+that从句（用现在完成时）这是第……次……拓展：实义动词还可以根据词汇意义分为：①延续性动词；②非延续性动词。分类定义例词例句延续性动词表示可以持续的动作或状态，可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用live，stay，study，work，keep，teachI

have

studied

in

this

school

for

three

years.分类定义例词例句非延续性动词表示在短暂时间内可以完成的动作，不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用buy，lend，borrow，die，begin，stop，arriveShe

bought

a

nice

watch.续表

若句中含有表示一段时间的时间状语，谓语动词应用延续性动词；如果动词是非延续性动词，则要将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。常见转化见下表：非延续性动词延续性动词（词组）非延续性动词（词组）延续性动词（词组）becomebediebe

deadbegin/startbe

onlosenot

havefinishbe

overmarrybe

married非延续性动词延续性动词（词组）非延续性动词（词组）延续性动词（词组）borrowkeepput

onwear/be

inbuyhavearrive

in/at/reach/get

tobe

incomebe

herecatch

a

coldhave

a

coldgobe

awaybecome

ill/asleepbe

ill/asleep续表非延续性动词延续性动词（词组）非延续性动词（词组）延续性动词（词组）leavebe

away

fromfall

ill/asleepbe

ill/asleepclosebe

closedcome

backbe

backopenbe

openwake

upbe

awake如：I’ve

left

this

school

for

eight

years.（×）I’ve

been

away

from

this

school

for

eight

years.（√）续表1.有的时间状语可用于不同的时态中，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，never等频度副词可用于一般现在时和一般过去时，考生需结合语境确定正确的时态。如：The

girl

is

never

late

for

school.When

my

mother

was

young，she

was

never

late

for

school.2.一般过去时和现在完成时的易混辨析两者都表示过去发生的事情。但一般过去时只强调过去发生的事情本身，不涉及与现在的关系；现在完成时则强调过去的动作对现在造成影响，主要说明现在的情况。如：I

opened

the

door

just

now.

我刚才开了门。（指刚才做了“开门”的动作，但现在门是否开着并未说明）I

have

opened

the

door.

我已经把门打开了。（门现在还开着）3.一般过去时和过去进行时的易混辨析一般过去时表示过去发生过的动作，强调动作结束了，侧重于事实；过去进行时表示动作在过去某时刻或某段时间内正在进行，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。如：I

wrote

a

letter

to

a

friend

last

night.

昨天晚上我给一个朋友写了一封信。（信写完了，强调事实）I

was

writing

a

letter

to

a

friend

at

this

time

last

night.

昨天晚上这个时候，我正在给一个朋友写信。（信不一定完成了，强调动作）有标志词1.（2024广西39题）Listen!

The

birds

________in

the

tree

now.(

)

CA.

sing

B.

sang

C.

are

singing2.（2023广西38题）Yesterday

I

________basketball

with

my

classmates.

We

had

a

good

time.(

)

CA.

will

play

B.

play

C.

played3.（2022北部湾经济区38题）—What

were

you

doing

when

I

called

you

last

night?—I

________

football

with

my

father.(

)

CA.

play

B.

will

play

C.

was

playing4.（2021北部湾经济区38题改编）Look!

The

musician

________

at

the

piano，ready

to

play.(

)

BA.

sat

B.

is

sitting

C.

was

sitting5.（2019北部湾经济区37题改编）—

I

went

to

your

office

at

9:00

yesterday

morning，but

you

were

not

in.—Sorry，I

________with

the

manager

in

the

meeting

room

at

that

time.(

)

BA.

am

talking

B.

was

talking

C.

have

talked有标志词6.（2024乐山）—Hello，may

I

speak

to

Jenny，please?—Wait

a

minute，please.

She

________

in

the

kitchen

now.(

)

BA.

cooked

B.

is

cooking

C.

will

cook7.（2024无锡改编）Hey，John!

What’s

up?

I

________

a

shower

when

you

called.(

)

BA.

have

taken

B.

was

taking

C.

am

taking8.（2024连云港改编）As

a

Chinese

traditional

martial

art

（武术），Taijiquan

________

to

more

than

150

countries

all

over

the

world

so

far.(

)

CA.

spreads

B.

will

spread

C.

has

spread9.The

volunteers

________

a

book

bank

since

a

year

ago

to

encourage

the

kids

in

poor

areas

to

read

more

books.(

)

BA.

built

B.

have

built

C.

will

build10.I

decide

to

go

to

New

Zealand

next

August，and

I

________

in

my

aunt’s

house

for

two

years.(

)

BA.

lived

B.

will

live

C.

have

lived11.Judy

________

the

volunteer

program

two

years

ago.(

)

BA.

joins

B.

joined

C.

is

joining12.Andy

is

a

sweet

and

smart

child，and

he

often

________

praise

from

his

teachers.(

)

AA.

gets

B.

is

getting

C.

will

get13.—Have

you

heard

of

a

new

AI

tool

called

Sora?—Of

course!

I

________

a

video

produced

by

it

last

week.

(

)

AA.

watched

B.

will

watch

C.

am

watching14.Students

in

Grade

Nine

________

a

math

exam

at

this

time

yesterday.(

)

CA.

took

B.

have

taken

C.

were

taking无标志词15.—It’s

quite

noisy

in

the

classroom.—So

it

is.

All

the

students

________

happily

because

of

the

coming

party.(

)

BA.

talk

B.

are

talking

C.

talked16.Look!

The

dress

is

really

beautiful.

My

mother

________

it

for

me.(

)

AA.

bought

B.

buys

C.

has

bought17.—Which

team

________

the

football

match?—I’m

not

sure.

The

two

teams

both

play

well.

Let’s

wait

and

see.(

)

CA.

wins

B.

won

C.

will

win18.—Hurry

up，Alice!

Everybody

________

for

you.—All

right.

I’m

coming

at

once!(

)

CA.

waited

B.

has

waited

C.

is

waiting19.Not

only

I

but

also

she

________

hanging

out

in

the

shopping

mall.(

)

AA.

likes

B.

like

C.

is

liking考点5

动词的语态（单项选择：北部湾经济区：2020.40）

英语的语态表示主语和谓语之间的关系，英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态：1.主动语态中，主语是谓语动作的执行者。如：I

cleaned

the

classroom

yesterday.

我昨天打扫了教室。2.被动语态中，主语是谓语动作的承受者。如：The

classroom

was

cleaned

by

me

yesterday.

教室昨天被我打扫了。

学生应根据句子主语和谓语动词的逻辑关系判断试题考查主动语态还是被动语态。被动语态具体讲解如下：►被动语态的结构

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态构成如下：时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are+doneThe

classroom

is

cleaned

by

us

every

day.时态被动语态结构例句一般过去时was/were+doneThe

classroom

was

cleanedby

us

yesterday

afternoon.一般将来时（北部湾经济区：2020.40）will/shall/be

goingto+be+doneThe

classroom

will

be

cleaned

by

us

this

afternoon.续表时态被动语态结构例句含情态动词情态动词+be+doneThe

classroom

should

be

cleaned

by

us

this

afternoon.续表►主动语态变被动语态的方法

主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况：主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear，see，watch，notice等）和使役动词（如make，let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原。如：

hear/see

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

heard/seen

to

do

sth.make

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

made

to

do

sth.►主动形式表被动意义的情况主动表被动意义的情况例句某些系动词，如look，sound，taste，smell，feel等，可用主动形式表示被动意义The

T-shirt

feels

comfortable.表示主语的特征、状态的动词，如write，read，sell，clean，cook，burn等，与well，easily，quickly等副词连用时，常用主动形式表示被动意义Her

new

novel

sells

well.主动表被动意义的情况例句当open，close，shut，lock，move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性而不强调被执行的动作时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义，此类动词通常与can’t，won’t等连用The

door

won’t

open.续表主动表被动意义的情况例句表示“发生（take

place，happen）”“传播（spread）”“爆发（break

out）”的不及物动词（词组），常用主动形式表示被动The

news

spreads

quickly.续表主动表被动意义的情况例句sth.

be

worth

doing结构中，doing表示被动意义This

book

is

worth

reading.“need/require/want+doing”相当于“need/require/want+to

be

done”，to

be

done

是不定式的被动结构Your

car

needs

washing.=Your

car

needs

to

be

washed.续表不能使用被动语态的情况1.不及物动词（短语）没有被动语态,常见的有happen，take

place，belong

to等;2.

表示状态的动词没有被动语态,常见的有have，own，fail，cost，fit，last（持续）等;3.祈使句一般没有被动语态;4.反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态；5.当及物动词leave，enter，reach等的宾语是表示地点和处所的名词时,不能用被动语态。1.（2020北部湾经济区40题改编）—Have

you

heard

the

news

about

2020

Olympic

Games?—Yes.

Maybe

it

________

next

year

if

everything

goes

well.(

)

CA.

was

held

B.

is

held

C.

will

be

held2.（2024福建）The

photos

are

beautiful.

I

wonder

where

they

________.(

)

CA.

will

be

taken

B.

are

taking

C.

were

taken3.（2024凉山改编）—Do

you

know

the

Spring

Festival

became

a

UN

Floating

Holiday

in

2024?—Yes.

The

Spring

Festival

________

widely

in

the

world

nowadays.(

)

AA.

is

celebrated

B.

was

celebrated

C.

is

celebrating4.Some

free

health

services

________

for

old

people

in

the

countryside

in

the

near

future.(

)

CA.

provideB.

are

providedC.

will

be

provided5.—It’s

too

difficult

to

get

to

the

other

side

of

the

river.—I

think

a

bridge

________

over

the

river.

(

)

AA.

should

be

built

B.

should

build

C.

will

build6.Whenever

we

________

a

difficult

task，we

should

keep

trying

until

we

complete

it.(

)

BA.

give

B.

are

given

C.

will

give7.Many

new

energy

cars

produced

by

Chinese

brands

________

on

the

streets

now.(

)

CA.

ca