2025届中考英语复习分层进阶练习册（外研版广西专用）07-主题七 生活百科

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趋势主题题组练主题七

生活百科一、选择型阅读理解Passage

1（2024广东改编）文体：说明文

词数：约250词难度：★★★★☆

建议用时：8

mins

People

know

animals

do

have

feelings,

but

they

are

not

sure

if

these

feelings

are

correctly

understood.

In

recent

years,

scientists

have

done

research

about

the

feelings

of

cows,

frogs

and

pandas.▲

It

says

that

humans

can

tell

whether

a

chicken

is

happy

or

sad

by

listening

to

its

calls.

The

researchers

put

a

bowl

behind

a

door.

Inside

the

bowl,

sometimes,

there

was

something

chickens

love

to

eat,

such

as

rice

or

insects.

Sometimes,

there

was

nothing.

When

the

chickens

saw

food

behind

the

door,

they

seemed

happy

and

produced

fast

and

loud

sounds,

known

as

food

calls.

When

there

wasn’t

food,

the

chickens

made

low

and

long

noises

to

express

disappointment.

The

researchers

recorded

all

these

sounds

and

studied

their

waves.

Then

the

researchers

chose

16

recordings

of

such

chicken

noises.

Half

were

from

the

chickens

seeing

the

food

and

half

were

from

the

chickens

finding

no

food.

The

recordings

were

played

to

194

volunteers.

Sixty-nine

percent

of

the

volunteers

correctly

understood

whether

the

chickens

were

feeling

happy

or

not,

and

some

of

them

even

had

no

experience

of

taking

care

of

chickens.

The

result

shows

that

humans

have

the

natural

ability

to

understand

the

feelings

of

chickens.

Hopefully,

this

finding

can

bring

about

new

technology

to

help

with

chicken-raising,

a

big

industry

in

many

countries.

Some

scientists

are

already

working

on

a

smart

computer

program

that

can

identify

chickens’

feelings.

This

is

good

news

for

farmers

who

want

to

make

the

birds

happier

and

healthier.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。一个研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。1.信息还原题

Which

of

the

following

can

be

put

in

“▲”

in

Paragraph

1?(

)

CA.

Humans

may

not

like

animals.B.

Scientists

know

nothing

about

it.C.

A

new

study

adds

chickens

to

the

list.【解析】信息还原题。空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项C

“一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单”适合还原到文中。2.跨学科试题

Which

is

most

probably

the

sound

wave

of

a

happy

call

by

a

chicken?(

)

C【解析】跨学科试题。根据第二段第四句可知当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。选项C符合

“快速而响亮的声音”

这一描述。3.How

did

the

volunteers

help

with

the

research?(

)

AA.

By

listening

to

the

chicken

calls.B.

By

taking

care

of

the

chickens.C.

By

finding

food

for

the

chickens.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫来帮助这项研究。4.What

does

the

underlined

word

“identify”

probably

mean

in

Paragraph

4?(

)

CA.

Throw

away.

B.

Give

up.

C.

Find

out.【解析】词义猜测题。划线句句意为“一些科学家已经在研究一种可以____鸡的情感的智能计算机程序”,联系前文可知是为了查明鸡的感受，与find

out含义相同。5.What

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?(

)

BA.

Chickens’

Food

CallsB.

Happy

Chickens,

Sad

ChickensC.

Farmers’

Best

Choice【解析】标题归纳题。本文介绍了研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤，所以选项B“快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡”适合作为文章标题。Passage

2文体：说明文

词数：约250词难度：★★★★☆

建议用时：8

mins

Have

you

ever

seen

a

colorful

rainbow

in

the

sky

right

after

it

rains?

That

happens

when

the

sunlight

goes

through

the

water

in

the

air.

The

sun

shines

again

after

rain,

and

you

see

red,

orange,

yellow,

green,

blue,

indigo,

and

purple

light

in

the

sky—a

rainbow.

The

sun’s

light

is

actually

madeupof

many

colors

that

don’t

all

move

the

same

way.

When

this

light

goes

into

a

raindrop,

it

bends（弯曲）

a

bit

and

splits

into（裂成）

all

these

colors

like

red,

orange,

yellow,

green,

blue,

indigo

and

purple.

As

these

colors

come

out

of

the

raindrop,

they

bounce

off

（弹回）

the

inside

back

of

the

drop.

This

makes

them

bend

again

and

spread

out,

making

a

shape

like

part

of

a

circle,

which

is

the

rainbow

we

see.

Purple

bends

a

lot,

but

red

not

so

much.

So,

why

do

rainbows

look

like

a

curve?

It’s

because

the

raindrops

are

not

all

the

same

distance（距离）

from

us.

They

make

a

circle

shape

around

a

line

from

the

sun

to

our

eyes,

creating

that

curve.

Stand

with

your

back

to

the

sun

and

search

the

sky,

because

a

rainbow

appears

opposite

the

sun.

If

the

sun

is

too

high,

no

rainbow

can

appear.

But

sometimes,

you

might

even

see

two

rainbows

at

once!

That’s

when

the

sunlight

bounces

twice

inside

the

raindrops.

Next

time

you

see

a

rainbow,

remember

it’s

just

the

sun

and

rain

working

together

to

make

something

really

special

and

pretty

in

the

sky.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了彩虹的成因以及关于彩虹的一些其他事实。6.细节排序题

What

is

the

correct

order

of

the

process

that

creates

a

rainbow?(

)

B①The

sunlight

splits

into

many

colors.②Sunlight

goes

into

a

raindrop.③The

colors

bend

again

and

spread

out.④Colors

bounce

off

the

inside

back

of

the

drop.A.

①→②→③→④

B.

②→①→④→③

C.

②→③→①→④【解析】细节排序题。根据第二段第二句和第三段前两句可知阳光先穿过雨滴，这时光线分裂成很多颜色，接着颜色从水滴的内侧反弹回来，最后它们再次弯曲并展开，形成圆形的一部分，这就是我们看到的彩虹。7.Where

does

a

rainbow

usually

appear

in

the

sky?(

)

CA.

Right

above

you.B.

Close

to

the

sun.C.

Opposite

the

sun.【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知彩虹通常出现在天空中与太阳相对的地方。8.图片理解题

What

does

the

underlined

word

“curve”

mean?(

)

AA.

B.

C.

【解析】图片理解题。根据“They

make

a

circle

shape

around

a

line

from

the

sun

to

our

eyes,

creating

that

curve.”可知它们会形成一个圆形的形状，由此可推知“curve”意为“弧线”。9.写作手法题

How

does

the

writer

develop

the

whole

text?

(

)

CA.

By

giving

advice.B.

By

telling

stories.C.

By

describing

facts.【解析】写作手法题。通读全文可知作者通过描述一些与彩虹相关的事实来推进全文情节。10.What

does

the

text

mainly

talk

about?(

)

AA.

The

causes

of

the

rainbow.B.

The

importance

of

the

rainbow

and

sunlight.C.

The

reason

why

people

like

watching

rainbows.【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍彩虹的成因。二、选词填空文体：说明文

词数：约220词难度：★★★★☆

建议用时：8

minslearn

task

team

their

howdivide

little

or

by

simply

Scientists

who

studied

the

influences

of

gardening

found

that

taking

part

in

the

activity

twice

a

week

can

improve

mental

（精神的）

health.

A

1.______

from

the

University

of

Florida

studied

32

women

who

did

not

have

any

health

problems.

None

of

the

women

have

gardened

before.

The

researchers

2.________the

women

into

two

groups.

The

women

either

took

part

in

gardening

3.____took

art

teamdividedorlearn

task

team

their

howdivide

little

or

by

simplyclasses.

Both

groups

4._______

took

part

in

their

own

activities

twice

a

week

for

four

weeks.

During

the

gardening

activities,

the

women

did

5.______such

as

planting

and

digging.

After

finishing

the

tasks,

the

women

answered

questions

about

6.______worries,

sadness

and

so

on.

Also

their

blood

pressure

（压力）

and

heart

rate

（率）

were

tested

7.____the

scientists.simplytaskstheirbylearn

task

team

their

howdivide

little

or

by

simply

While

both

groups

experienced

improved

mental

health,

the

group

who

gardened

had

a

little

more

advantages,

reporting

8._____

stress

and

sadness.

The

research

team

hopes

to

9.______

more

about

how

gardening

and

mental

health

are

connected.

“At

the

end

of

the

study,

many

of

them

were

saying

not

just

10._____

much

they

enjoyed

the

activities

but

also

how

they

planned

to

keep

gardening,”

said

Charles

Guy,

one

of

the

study’s

scientists.lesslearnhowlearn

task

team

their

howdivide

little

or

by

simply【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过两组实验证明了参加园艺活动可以改善精神健康。1.______team【解析】空处应填名词，作主语。根据下文“The

research

team…”及备选词可知，此处指的是