中考英语名词考点复习课件+

中考英语名词考点梳理考点1名词的单数与复数单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：(1)一般情况在词尾加-s.如：book—books,girl—girls,boy—boys,pen—pens,doctor—doctors.(2)以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es.如：bus—buses,class—classes,box—boxes,watch—watches,brush—brushes.(3)以ce,se,ze,（d)ge结尾的名词加-s.如：orange—oranges.(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es.如：city—cities,factory—factories,country—countries,family—families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加-s。如：boy—boys,day—days.(5)以o结尾的词且有生命的加-es.如:hero—heroes,potato—potatoes，tomato—tomatoes,虽以o结尾，但没生命的只加s.如：zoo—zoos,radio—radios,photo—photos，piano—pianos.(6)以f或fe结尾的词，变f为v再加-es.如：knife—knives，leaf—leaves,half—halves.(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式.如：man—men，woman—women，tooth—teeth，foot—feet，child—children，mouse—mice.【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women.如：anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans.man,woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：menworkers,womenteachers.有个别名词单复数一样。如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等.但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾.(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people,police等.(9)数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符.如：ten-minutewalk,an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk.(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式.如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors.(11)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：科学名词：physics,mathematics/maths专有名词：theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls其他名词：news,falls考点2名词的数量不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1)用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少。如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney．Thereissomemilkinthebottle．Isthereanywaterintheglass？Idon’tlikewinterbecausethere’stoomuchsnowandice．考点2名词的数量(2)用apieceof这类定语.如：apieceofpaper,apieceofwood,apieceofbreadabottleoforange,aglassofwater/milk,acupofteaabagofrice,threebagsofrice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数.如：twocupsoftea,fourpiecesofpaper,threeglassesofwater不可数名词也可用alotof,lotsof,some,any,much等来修饰.考点3名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系.1.表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s’.如：astudent’sroom,students’rooms,father’sshoes.如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's.如：Children’sDay.2.在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's.如：atwentyminutes’walk，tenmiles’journey，aboat’slength，twopounds’weight,tendollars’worth.考点3名词的所有格3.无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构.如：amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers.4.双重所有格.如：afriendofmyfather’s.【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”.如：John’sandMary’srooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom’sandMary’sbikes（两人各自的自行车).考点3名词的所有格两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”如：JohnandMary’sroom（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；TomandMary’smother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）.名词考点复习一.根据汉语提示写出单词，注意用其正确形式.1.Iwanttolearnsomenew____(技能）formyfuture.2.Shanghaiisoneofthemostbeautiful____(城市）inChina.3.Look!Thatelephantiseatingtree____(叶).4.Therewereaboutfifteenpeopleintheroom,andhalfofthemwere____(男性）.5.Wecangetalotof____(信息）fromtheInternet.6.Howmany____(人）arethereinyourcity?7.____(跑步）isagoodwaytorelax.8.Mysisterpreferstosee_____(女性）doctors.9.Therearemanybooksonthe____(老师）desk.10.Hehaslostallhis____(钱）.二.选择正确的名词数.1.___theworkersinthisfactoryisabout600andonefourthofthemare___workersA.Anumberof;menB.Anumberof;manC.Thenumberof;menD.Thenumberof;man2.Therearefew___inthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggs3.Everyoneshouldprotectthe___.Iagree.Ioften___upwastebottlesinthestreetandthrowthemintothedustbin.A.environment;pickedB.environment;pickC.environment;picksD.environments;picks4.Allthe___teachersand___studentsarehavingameetingthere.A.woment;girlsB.woment;girlC.woman;girlsD.woman;girl5.InternationalWomen'sDayiscoming.I'lldosomethingformyteachers.Canyougiveme____?Ok.Noproblem!Youcanbuysomeflowersfor____.A.someadvices;womanteachersB.somesuggestion;womenteachersC.someadvice;womenteachersD.anyadvice;womanteachers6.Roberthasbecomeveryrich.Hegainedhis____bywritingalotofpopular_____.A.wealth;workB.wealth;worksC.work;wealthD.works;wealth三.选择正确的名词所有格1.Areyousurethisisaphoto____,thefamouscomedyactress?A.JiaLingB.JiaLing'sC.ofJiaLingD.ofJiaLing's2.Ireadin____newspapersthat____Shantougotthehostingrighttothe2021AsianYouthGames.A.today;ChinaB.today's;ChinaC.today;China'sD.today's;China's3.Thethemeparkisabout____ridefromthemuseum.Youshouldstartoutri