考研英语阅读十八计知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋青岛大学

考研英语阅读十八计知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋青岛大学第一章单元测试

【原文】Withinthecomplexsocialstructureofthescientificcommunity,researchersmakediscoveries;editorsandreviewersactasgatekeepersbycontrollingthepublicationprocess;otherscientistsusethenewfindingtosuittheirownpurposes;andfinally,thepublic(includingotherscientists)receivesthenewdiscoveryandpossiblyaccompanyingtechnology.

33.Paragraph3showsthatadiscoveryclaim

becomescredible

afterit

A:hasbeenfrequentlyquotedbypeerscientistsB:hasattractedtheattentionofthegeneralpublicC:hasbeenexaminedbythescientificcommunityD:

hasreceivedrecognitionfromeditorsandreviewers

答案:hasbeenexaminedbythescientificcommunity

第二章单元测试

【原文】TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase"jobseekers’allowance"isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa“jobseeker"whohadnofundamentalrighttoabenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesa“time-limited"allowance,conditionalonactivelyseekingajob.25.Towhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthor

mostprobablyagree?

A:Thejobseekers'allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.B:Osborne’sreformswillreducetheriskofunemploymentC:TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers'lazinessD:Unemploymentbenefits

shouldnotbemadeconditional

答案:Unemploymentbenefits

shouldnotbemadeconditional【原文】Reformingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativetoimplementthem.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifthebarexamistrulyasternenoughtestforawould-belawyer,thosewhocansititearliershouldbeallowedtodoso.Studentswhodonotneedtheextratrainingcouldcuttheirdebtmountainbyathird.28.Hindrance

tothereformofthelegalsystem

originatesfrom

A:lawyers'andclients'strongresistance

B:therigidbodiesgoverningtheprofessionC:non-professionals'sharpcriticism

D:thesternexamforwould-belawyers

答案:therigidbodiesgoverningtheprofession【原文】Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemainoneswereidentifiedbythereport'sauthors.Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutionalsubscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonlinejournaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,whereorganizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternationallaboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.29.Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequired

to

A:completethepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.B:coverthecostofitspublishingC:subscribetothejournalpublishingit.D:allowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely.

答案:coverthecostofitspublishing【原文】The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas"ashockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower."TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona'slawsconflictedwithitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

A:isdependentonthestates'supportB:

outweighsthatheldbythestates

C:rarelygoesagainststatelaws.D:

isestablishedbyfederalstatutes

答案:

outweighsthatheldbythestates

【原文】Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness,"wroteMiltonFriedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,"Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits.ButevenifyouacceptFriedman'spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders'money,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cut.NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompaniesatleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman'sstatementaboutCSR

with

A:uncertainty

B:approval

C:tolerance

D:skepticism

答案:skepticism

第三章单元测试

【原文】TheUS$3-millionFundamentalPhysicsPrizeisindeedaninterestingexperiment,asAlexanderPolyakovsaidwhenheacceptedthisyear'sawardinMarch.Anditisfarfromtheonlyoneofitstype.AsaNewsFeaturearticleinNaturediscusses,astringoflucrativeawardsforresearchershavejoinedtheNobelPrizesinrecentyears.

31.TheFundamentalPhysicsPrize

isseenas

A:ahandsomereward

forresearchB:

anexampleofbankers'investments

C:

apossiblereplacementoftheNobelPrizesD:asymboloftheentrepreneurs'weal

答案:ahandsomereward

forresearch【原文】Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers'responses.Butinsomecases,onemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia——forinstance,whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonItsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.32.AccordingtoParagraph2,soldmediafeature

A:strongusertrafficB:

flexibilityinorganizationC:randomcompetitionD:asafebusinessenvironment

答案:strongusertraffic【原文】Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditional"paid”mediasuchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisementsstillplayamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreate"earned"mediabywillinglypromotingittofriends,andacompanymayleverage"owned"mediabysendinge-mailaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachtheprocessofmakingpurchasedecisionsmeansthatmarketing’simpactstemsfromabroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.31.Consumers

maycreate"earned"mediawhentheyare

A:eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityproductsB:inspiredbyproduct-promotinge-mailssenttothemC:enthusiastic

aboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproductsD:obsessedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites

答案:enthusiastic

aboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproducts【原文】JusticeAnthonyKennedywrotethatthepreviousdecisionswereflawed."Eachyearthephysicalpresencerulebecomesfurtherremovedfromeconomicrealityandresultsinsignificantrevenuelossestothestates,"hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.Kennedywrotethattherule"limitedstates’abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield."38.AccordingtoJusticeAnthonyKennedy,thephysicalpresencerulehas

A:hinderedeconomicdevelopmentB:broughtprosperitytothecountry.C:harmed

fairmarketcompetitionD:boostedgrowthinstates'revenue

答案:harmed

fairmarketcompetition【原文】Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsocietythatallareequalintreatmentbygovernmentisundermined.Goodgovernanceunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourtsrulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.40.Theauthor'sattitudetowardthecourt'srulingis

A:SupportiveB:

skeptical.C:sarcasticD:

tolerant.

答案:Supportive

第四章单元测试

【原文】Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant'ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.21.Priestly

criticizes

herassistant

forher[A]lackofimagination.

[B]poorbargainingskill.

[C]obsessionwithhighfashion

[D]insensitivitytofashion

A:obsessionwithhighfashion

B:

lackofimagination.

C:insensitivitytofashionD:poorbargainingskill.

答案:insensitivitytofashion【原文】Transientinvestors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canhinderafirm'seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeendubbed"quarterlycapitalism”."Thereseemstobeapredominanceofshort-termthinkingattheexpenseoflong-terminvesting,saidCommissionerDanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesandExchangeCommissioninaspeechthisweek.23.Itisarguedthattheinfluenceoftransientinvestment

onpubliccompanies

canbe

A:adverseB:minimal

C:temporaryD:indirect

答案:adverse【原文】Justhowpeoplethinkisstillfartoocomplextobeunderstood,letalonereproduced,saysDavidEagleman,aStanfordUniversityneuroscientist.Wearejustinasituationwheretherearenogoodtheoriesexplainingwhatconsciousnessactuallyisandhowyoucouldeverbuildamachinetogetthere.”32.InDavidEagleman'sopinion,ourcurrentknowledgeofconsciousness

A:inspirespopularsci-fiTVseries

B:canbemisleadingtorobotmakingC:istoolimitedforustoreproduceitD:helpsexplainartificialintelligence.

答案:istoolimitedforustoreproduceit【原文】Thefirststep,asErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeargueinTheSecondMachineAge,shouldberethinkingeducationandjobtraining.Curriculums——fromgrammarschooltocollege——shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsandmoreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.Vocationalschoolsshoulddoabetterjoboffosteringproblem-solvingskillsandhelpingstudentsworkalongsiderobots.Onlineeducationcansupplementthetraditionalkind.Itcouldmakeextratrainingandinstructionaffordable.Professionalstryingtoacquirenewskillswillbeabletodosowithoutgoingintodebt.23.Education

intheageofautomationshouldputmoreemphasison

A:creativepotential

B:IndividualneedsC:job-huntingskills

D:cooperativespirit

答案:creativepotential

【原文】Advertisersarehorrified.Humannaturebeingwhatitis,mostpeoplestickwithdefaultsettings.FewswitchDNTonnow,butiftrackingisoffitwillstayoff.BobLiodice,thechiefexecutiveoftheAssociationofNationalAdvertisers,saysconsumerswillbeworseoffiftheindustrycannotcollectinformationabouttheirpreferences,Peoplewillnotgetfewerads,hesays."They'llgetlessmeaningful,lesstargetedads.”28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

A:goesagainsthumannature.

B:

willnotbenefitconsumersC:failstoaffecttheadindustryD:maycutthenumberofjunkads

答案:

willnotbenefitconsumers

第五章单元测试

【原文】Farlesscertain,however,ishowsuccessfullyexpertsandbureaucratscanselectourpeergroupsandsteertheiractivitiesinvirtuousdirections.It'sliketheteacherwhobreaksupthetroublemakersinthebackrowbypairingthemwithbetter-behavedclassmates.Thetacticneverreallyworks.Andthat'stheproblemwithasocialcureengineeredfromtheoutside:intherealworld,asinschool,weinsistonchoosingourownfriends.25.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthattheeffectofpeerpressureis

A:desirable

B:profound

C:harmful

D:questionable

答案:questionable【原文】TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTSitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.30.Theauthor'sattitudetoward

choosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

A:slighthesitancy.

B:passiveacceptanceC:Severecriticism

D:fullapproval

答案:fullapproval【原文】Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle

forthetext?

A:Science,TechnologyandHumanityB:UncertaintyaboutOurFutureC:

EvolutionoftheHumanSpeciesD:TheEver-brightProspects

ofMankind

答案:TheEver-brightProspects

ofMankind

【原文】Asmuchassomescientistsmaycomplainaboutthenewawards,twothingsseemclear——mostresearcherswouldacceptsuchaprizeiftheywereofferedone.Second,itissurelyagoodthingthatthemoneyandattentioncometoscienceratherthangoelsewhere.Itisfairtocriticizeandquestionthemechanism——thatisthecultureofresearch,afterall——butitistheprize-giversmoneytodowithastheyplease.Itiswisetotakesuchgiftswithgratitudeandgrace.35.Theauthor

believesthatthenewawardsare

A:acceptabledespitethecriticismB:subjecttoundesirablechanges

C:unworthyofpublicattention.D:harmfultothecultureofresearch.

答案:acceptabledespitethecriticism【原文】BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"Webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol.”Coulditreallybethatsimple?

30.Theauthor'sattitude

towardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof

A:indulgence.

B:skepticism

C:understanding

D:appreciation.

答案:skepticism

第六章单元测试

【原文】Comeon——Everybody'sdoingit.Thatwhisperedmessage,halfinvitationandhalfforcing,iswhatmostofusthinkofwhenwehearthewordspeerpressure.Itusuallyleadstonogood——drinking,drugsandcasualsex.21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peerpressureoftenemergesas

A:

astimulustogroupdynamicsB:

anobstacletosocialprogress

C:

acauseofundesirablebehaviorsD:asupplementtothesocialcure

答案:

acauseofundesirablebehaviors【原文】Devotedconcert-goerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Theserecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreover,theycanbe"consumed"atatimeandplaceofthelistener'schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers

A:

ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances.B:exaggeratethevarietyofliveerformances.

C:overestimatethevalueofliveperformances

D:rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances

答案:overestimatethevalueofliveperformances

【原文】"Soifyou'reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping,"Perettisaid."Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.Inotherwords,ifyou'regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit.WhichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear,morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscription.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

A:CherishtheNewspaperStillinYourHandB:MakeYourPrintNewspaperaLuxuryGoodC:KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion

D:ShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllatOnce

答案:MakeYourPrintNewspaperaLuxuryGood【原文】DavidVaux,acellbiologist,saysthatScience'sideatopasssomepaperstostatisticians"hassomemeritbutaweaknessisthatitreliesontheboardofreviewingeditorstoidentify'thepapersthatneedscrutinyinthefirstplace."34.DavidVaux

holdsthatwhatScience

isdoingnow

A:diminishestheroleofreviewersB:hasroomforfurtherimprovementC:addstoresearchers'workloadD:istofailintheforeseeablefuture

答案:hasroomforfurtherimprovement【原文】Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappinessinsteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard.Seniorwritesthat"theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring

A:happinessinretrospectB:temporarydelight.

C:

enjoymentinprogress.D:lastingreward

答案:happinessinretrospect

第七章单元测试

【原文】Criticsalsoarguethatcommercialgenetictestingisonlyasgoodasthereferencecollectionstowhichasampleiscompared.Databasesusedbysomecompaniesdon'trelyondatacollectedsystematicallybutratherlumptogetherinformationfromdifferentresearchprojects.ThismeansthataDNAdatabasemayhavealotofdatafromsomeregionsandnotothers,soaperson'stestresultsmaydifferdependingonthecompanythatprocessestheresults.29.Inthelastparagraph,aproblemcommercialgenetictestingfacesis

A:lackofpatentevaluation.B:excessivesamplecomparison.

C:disorganizeddatacollectionD:overlappingdatabasebuilding

答案:disorganizeddatacollection【原文】WeareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.Inthosefar-offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthatthecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailandatlengthabouttheeventstheycovered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly,likeGeorgeBernardShawandErnestNewman,couldbetrustedtoknowwhattheywereabout.Thesemenbelievedinjournalismasacalling,andwereproudtobepublishedinthedailypress.“Sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtokeeptheirownendupinjournalism,Newmanwrote,“thatIamtemptedtodefine‘journalism'as‘atermofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadtowriterswhoare.’”23.WhichofthefollowingwouldShawandNewmanmostprobablyagreeon?

A:Itiswriters'dutytofulfilljournalisticgoals.B:

Itiscontemptibleforwriterstobejournalists.C:NotallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwritingD:Writersarelikelytobetemptedintojournalism.

答案:Notallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwriting【原文】Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedly

necessaryforthesocial,political,andintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.Thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.31.TheauthorholdsinParagraph1thattheimportanceofeducationinpoorcountries]

A:hasfallenvictimofbias.B:issubjecttogroundlessdoubts.C:hasbeenoverestimated

D:isconventionallydowngraded.

答案:hasbeenoverestimated

【原文】Intheidealizedversionofhowscienceisdone,factsabouttheworldarewaitingtobeobservedandcollectedbyobjectiveresearcherswhousethescientificmethodtocarryouttheirwork.Butintheeverydaypracticeofscience,discoveryfrequentlyfollowsanambiguousandcomplicatedroute.Weaimtobeobjective,butwecannotescapethecontextofouruniquelifeexperiences.Priorknowledgeandinterestsinfluencewhatweexperience,whatwethinkourexperiencesmean,andthesubsequentactionswetake.Opportunitiesformisinterpretation,error,andself-deceptionabound.31.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theprocessofdiscoveryischaracterizedbyits

A:

logicalityandobjectivity

B:misconceptionanddeceptivenessC:systematicnessandregularityD:uncertaintyandcomplexity

答案:uncertaintyandcomplexity【原文】Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker’sallowance."Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon,"heclaimed."We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster."Help?Really?Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith"reforms"toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidiseslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor"fundamentalfairness"——protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.23.Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?

A:Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants

B:AneagernesstoprotecttheunemployedC:passiontoensurefairnessforthepayersD:Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall

答案:passiontoensurefairnessforthepayers

第八章单元测试

【原文】Theuseofprivacylawtocurbthetechgiantsinthisinstancefeelsslightlymaladapted.Thispracticedoesnotaddresstherealworry.It’snotenoughtosaythealgorithmsDeepMinddevelopswillbenefitpatientsandsavelives.Whatmattersisthattheywillbelongtoaprivatemonopolywhichdevelopedthemusingpublicresources.

34.Accordingtothelastparagraph,therealworryarisingfromthisdealis

A:theviciousrivalryamongbigpharmas.B:theuncontrolleduseofnewsoftware.C:themonopolyofbigdatabytechgiantsD:theIneffectiveenforcementofprivacylaw.

答案:themonopolyofbigdatabytechgiants【原文】Butonthegeneraleffectivenessofthesocialcure,Rosenbergislesspersuasive.JointheClubisfilledwithtoomuchirrelevantdetailandnotenoughexplorationofthesocialandbiologicalfactorsthatmakepeerpressuresopowerful.

23.Intheauthor'sview,Rosenberg'sbook

failsto

A:

illustratethefunctionsofstatefundingB:effectivelyevadetheflawsofthesocialcureC:adequatelyprobesocialandbiologicalfactorsD:producealong-lastingsocialeffect

答案:adequatelyprobesocialandbiologicalfactors【原文】Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there'splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper——printingpresses,deliverytrucks——isn'tjustexpensive;it'sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon'thavethe

samesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.36.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringending

itsprinteditionpartlydueto

A:thepressurefromitsinvestors

B:thecomplaintsfromitsreaders

C:thehighcostofoperationD:theincreasingonlineadsales

答案:thehighcostofoperation【原文】In2010,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssentletterstotheAAAsaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenby"federal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandothers"to"maintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongress

requiredthattheAAAsreportonhowto

A:keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducationB:definethegovernment'sroleineducationC:safeguardindividuals'rightstoeducationD:retainpeople'sinterestinliberaleducation

答案:keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation【原文】There’snodoubtthatourpeergroupsexertenormousinfluenceonourbehavior.Anemergingbodyofresearchshowsthatpositivehealthhabitsaswellasnegativeonesspreadthroughnetworksoffriendsviasocialcommunication.Thisisasubtleformofpeerpressure——weunconsciouslyimitatethebehaviorweseeeveryday.24.Paragraph5showsthatourimitationofbehaviors

A:

occurswithoutourrealizingitB:willmisleadbehavioralstudiesC:isharmfultoournetworksoffriends

D:canproducenegativehealthhabits

答案:

occurswithoutourrealizingit【原文】Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis"distasteful"andnasty.Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact,"37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptive

onlyifitinvolves

A:breakingcontractsofficially.B:concretereturnsforgift-givers

C:sizablegainsintheformofgiftsD:leakingsecretsintentionally

答案:concretereturnsforgift-givers

第九章单元测试

【原文】IntheweeksandmonthsthatfollowedMr.Hirst'ssale,spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable.Intheartworldthatmeantcollectorsstayedawayfromgalleriesandsalerooms.Salesofcontemporaryartfellbytwo-thirds,andinthemosttheyweredownbynearly90%intheyeartoNovember2008.Withinweekstheworld'stwobiggestauctionhouses,Sotheby'sandChristie's,hadtopayoutnearlyS200minguaranteestoclientswhohadplacedworksforsalewiththem.22Bysaying"spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable"(Line1-2,Para.3),theauthorsuggeststhat

A:artcollectionasafashion