初二英语语法短句单选题100道及答案解析

初二英语语法短句单选题100道及答案解析1.There________afootballmatchnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.was答案：C解析：Therebe句型的将来时结构为：Thereis/aregoingtobe或Therewillbe。afootballmatch是单数，所以用Thereisgoingtobe。2.He________toBeijinglastyear.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.willgo答案：B解析：lastyear是过去的时间，要用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。3.Mysister________fortwohours.A.hasbeensleepingB.sleptC.issleepingD.sleeps答案：A解析：fortwohours表示一段时间，要用现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在并且可能还在继续的动作。4.Ifit________tomorrow,we'llgoskating.A.doesn'tsnowB.won'tsnowC.didn'tsnowD.isn'tsnowing答案：A解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。5.We________Englishforfiveyears.A.havelearnedB.learnedC.havelearnD.willlearn答案：A解析：forfiveyears是一段时间，要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，learn的过去分词是learned。6.Heaskedme________Iwasbusywiththosedays.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.what答案：B解析：if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。7.Theteachertoldusthattheearth________aroundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.goingD.togo答案：A解析：客观真理用一般现在时，地球绕着太阳转是客观真理。8.Idon'tknow________hewillcometomorrow.________hecomes,I'lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;IfD.whether;If答案：D解析：第一空“是否”用if或whether都可以；第二空if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。9.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereisthepostofficeB.wherethepostofficeisC.howcanIgettothepostofficeD.howIcangettothepostoffice答案：B解析：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，A、C选项是疑问句语序，B选项wherethepostofficeis是陈述句语序。10.Heis________thanhisbrother.A.tallB.tallerC.thetallestD.moretall答案：B解析：than是比较级的标志，tall的比较级是taller。11.Thisbookis________ofthetwo.A.thinnerB.thethinnerC.morethinnerD.thethinnest答案：B解析：ofthetwo表示“两者中”，比较级前要加the。12.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan________inShanghai.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one答案：A解析：that指代前面提到的不可数名词weather。13.—________doyougotothemovies?—Onceamonth.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowfarD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Onceamonth表示频率，对频率提问用Howoften。14.—________isitfromyourhometotheschool?—It'sfivekilometers.A.HowfarB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch答案：A解析：Fivekilometers表示距离，对距离提问用Howfar。15.It'simportant________Englishwell.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned答案：B解析：It's+adj.+todosth.表示“做某事是......的”，是固定句型。16.Myfatherenjoys________newspapersafterdinner.A.readingB.readC.toreadD.reads答案：A解析：enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事。17.You'dbetter________toomuchmeat.It'sbadforyourhealth.A.noteatB.nottoeatC.don'teatD.tonoteat答案：A解析：hadbetter(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事。18.Pleasestop________.It'stimeforclass.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked答案：C解析：stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事；stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事。这里是上课时间，要停止说话，用stoptalking。19.Theboyistooyoung________toschool.A.togoB.goingC.goesD.go答案：A解析：too...to...太......而不能......，to后跟动词原形。20.—________beautifuldress!—Thankyou.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa答案：B解析：中心词是dress名词，用What引导感叹句，dress是可数名词单数，前面要加a。21.—________carefulyouare,________mistakesyouwillmake.—Thankyouforyouradvice.A.Themore;thefewerB.Themore;thelessC.Theless;thefewerD.Themore;themore答案：A解析：“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越......，越......”。careful的比较级是morecareful，mistakes是可数名词复数，用fewer修饰。22.NeitheryounorI________adoctor.A.amB.areC.isD.were答案：A解析：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，I与am连用。23.BothTomandMary________hard.A.studiesB.studyC.isstudyingD.arestudying答案：B解析：both...and...连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，study的复数形式是study。24.Notonlyhebutalsohisparents________toBeijing.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.havebeenD.havegone答案：D解析：notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，hisparents是复数，用have；havegoneto表示“去了某地（还没回来）”，havebeento表示“去过某地（已经回来）”，这里是去了北京，用havegone。25.Thereare________peopleintheparkonSundays.A.muchB.alotC.alotofD.lotof答案：C解析：people是复数名词，much修饰不可数名词，alot修饰动词，alotof修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。26.—Howmany________arethereintheroom?—Therearefive.A.womanB.womenC.boyD.man答案：B解析：howmany后接可数名词复数，woman的复数是women。27.Ihavetwo________andthreebottlesof________here.A.orange;orangeB.oranges;orangesC.oranges;orangeD.orange;oranges答案：C解析：第一空two后接可数名词复数oranges；第二空orange作“橙汁”讲是不可数名词。28.Thispairofshoes________nice.A.lookB.looksC.areD.be答案：B解析：Thispairofshoes作主语，中心词是pair，是单数，谓语动词用looks。29.TheSmiths________havingdinnernow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were答案：B解析：TheSmiths表示“史密斯一家人”，是复数，now表明是现在进行时，用are+doing。30.LucyandLily________inthesameclass.A.isB.areC.amD.be答案：B解析：LucyandLily是两个人，作主语时谓语动词用are。31.Here________somebooksforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：B解析：Herebe...表示“这里有......”，somebooks是复数，用are。32.There________somemilkinthebottle.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：A解析：milk是不可数名词，用is。33.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch?—________noodles.A.I'dlikeB.IlikeC.IwilllikeD.Iwant答案：A解析：“Whatwouldyoulike...?”的回答用“I'dlike...”。34.—Wouldyoulike________coffee?—No,thanks.Idon'tlike________.A.some;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some答案：C解析：在表示请求或建议的疑问句中，用some不用any；在否定句中用any不用some。35.Mymother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgiveB.givesC.gaveD.hasgiven答案：A解析：onmynextbirthday是将来的时间，用一般将来时。36.—Shallwegoshoppingthisafternoon?—________.A.GoodideaB.That'srightC.Yes,weshallD.No,wedon't答案：A解析：“Shallwe...?”表示建议，“Goodidea”表示“好主意”，是对建议的肯定回答。37.—HappyNewYear!—________A.Thankyou.B.Thesametoyou.C.You'rewelcome.D.That'sallright.答案：B解析：别人祝你新年快乐，你也应祝对方新年快乐，用Thesametoyou.38.—MerryChristmas!—________A.Thankyou.B.That'sOK.C.Thesametoyou.D.You'rewelcome.答案：C解析：MerryChristmas是圣诞节的祝福语，回答用Thesametoyou.39.—________?—It'sMonday.A.What'sthedatetodayB.WhatdayisittodayC.What'sthetimeD.Howareyou答案：B解析：It'sMonday.回答的是星期，对星期提问用Whatdayisittoday?40.—________?—It'sJune1st.A.What'sthedatetodayB.WhatdayisittodayC.What'sthetimeD.Howareyou答案：A解析：It'sJune1st.回答的是日期，对日期提问用What'sthedatetoday?41.He________toschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo答案：A解析：everyday是一般现在时的标志，主语he是第三人称单数，动词用goes。42.Look!Thegirls________intheclassroom.A.danceB.aredancingC.dancedD.dances答案：B解析：Look!是现在进行时的标志，结构是be+doing，主语thegirls是复数，用aredancing。43.She________herhomeworkathomeyesterday.A.didn'tB.doesn'tdoC.didn'tdoD.doesn't答案：C解析：yesterday是过去的时间，否定句用didn't+动词原形，doone'shomework是固定短语。44.—________didyougolastweekend?—Iwenttothezoo.A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.When答案：B解析：根据回答“Iwenttothezoo.”可知是问地点，用Where。45.—________didyoustayinBeijing?—Fortwoweeks.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Fortwoweeks表示一段时间，对一段时间提问用Howlong。46.—________didyoucometoschoolthismorning?—Bybike.A.WhatB.HowC.WhenD.Where答案：B解析：Bybike表示方式，对方式提问用How。47.Theboyis________tocarrythebox.A.strongenoughB.enoughstrongC.toostrongD.sostrong答案：A解析：enough修饰形容词放在形容词后面，strongenough表示“足够强壮”。48.Themathproblemis________difficultforme________workout.A.too;toB.so;thatC.enough;toD.such;that答案：A解析：too...to...表示“太......而不能......”，Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.这道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出来。49.Heis________alovelyboy________wealllikehim.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案：A解析：such+a/an+adj.+n.+that...表示“如此......以至于......”，such修饰名词；so+adj.+a/an+n.+that...，so修饰形容词。这里是suchalovelyboy。50.Thisis________interestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.A.soB.suchC./D.suchan答案：D解析：such+an+adj.+n.表示“如此......的一个......”，interesting是以元音音素开头，用an。51.—________doyouhaveanartfestivalinyourschool?—Onceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowmanyC.HowlongD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Onceayear表示频率，对频率提问用Howoften。52.—________studentsarethereinyourclass?—Fifty.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar答案：A解析：students是可数名词复数，对数量提问用Howmany。53.—________istheruler?—It'stwoyuan.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar答案：B解析：It'stwoyuan.回答的是价格，对价格提问用Howmuch。54.—________haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreeyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：A解析：Forthreeyears表示一段时间，对一段时间提问用Howlong。55.—________willyoucomeback?—Inaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：C解析：Inaweek.表示“在一周后”，对将来的时间提问用Howsoon。56.Myfather________whenIgothome.A.cooksB.wascookingC.iscookingD.cooked答案：B解析：whenIgothome表示过去的一个时间点，主句用过去进行时，was/were+doing，主语myfather是第三人称单数，用wascooking。57.WhileI________TV,thebellrang.A.watchB.waswatchingC.watchedD.amwatching答案：B解析：while引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。58.They________afootballgamefrom8to10lastnight.A.werewatchingB.watchC.watchedD.arewatching答案：A解析：from8to10lastnight是过去的一段时间，用过去进行时。59.Whentheteachercamein,thestudents________.A.talkB.weretalkingC.talkedD.aretalking答案：B解析：When引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。60.I________myhomeworkwhilemyparents________TVlastnight.A.did;watchedB.wasdoing;werewatchingC.did;werewatchingD.wasdoing;watched答案：B解析：while连接两个同时进行的动作，都用过去进行时。61.Theboywithhisparents________tothemuseumonceamonth.A.goB.goesC.goingD.togo答案：B解析：Theboywithhisparents中心词是theboy，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用goes。62.EitheryouorI________right.A.amB.isC.areD.be答案：A解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，I与am连用。63.Theteachertoldusthatlight________fasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveledC.wastravelingD.willtravel答案：A解析：“光比声音传播得快”是客观真理，用一般现在时，light是不可数名词，谓语动词用travels。64.Notonlymyparentsbutalsomysister________toBeijing.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.havegoneD.hasgone答案：D解析：notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，mysister是第三人称单数，用has；have/hasgoneto表示“去了某地（还没回来）”，have/hasbeento表示“去过某地（已经回来）”，这里是去了北京，用hasgone。65.TheGreens________Chinaforfiveyears.A.havecometoB.havebeeninC.havebeentoD.hasgoneto答案：B解析：forfiveyears表示一段时间，要用现在完成时，且动词要用延续性动词，come是短暂性动词，beenin表示“在某地待了一段时间”，TheGreens表示“格林一家人”，是复数，用havebeenin。66.Howlong________you________thisbook?A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.have;hadD.did;have答案：C解析：howlong提问要用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，have是延续性动词，其过去分词是had。67.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?—No,notyet.Ithinkit'lltakeme________halfanhour.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother答案：A解析：another+数词+名词，表示“再......，又......”，anotherhalfanhour表示“再半个小时”。68.Wehavetworooms________,butIcan'tdecide________.A.tolive;tochoosewhichoneB.lived;choosewhichoneC.tolivein;whichonetochooseD.live;whichone答案：C解析：havesth.todo有某事要做，live是不及物动词，接宾语时要加in；“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语，whichonetochoose表示“选哪一个”。69.Theoldmanisill.He________tothehospital.A.mustsendB.mustbesentC.willsendD.willbesent答案：B解析：老人是被送去医院，要用被动语态，must表示“必须”，被动语态结构是be+过去分词，所以是mustbesent。70.English________inmanycountries.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspokenD.speak答案：C解析：English与speak是被动关系，要用被动语态，English是不可数名词，be动词用is。71.Theflowers________everyday.A.shouldwaterB.shouldbewateredC.shouldbewaterD.shouldwatered答案：B解析：花是被浇水，要用被动语态，should后接动词原形，被动语态结构是be+过去分词，所以是shouldbewatered。72.—Doyouknowtheman________istalkingwithyourfather?—Yes,he'sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom答案：B解析：先行词theman是人，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用who。73.Thebook________Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.what答案：A解析：先行词thebook是物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用that或which。74.Thisisthebestfilm________Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：A解析：先行词被最高级修饰时，关系词用that。75.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./答案：C解析：先行词theman是人，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用who。76.I'llneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheLeague.A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.onthat答案：B解析：先行词theday是时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，关系词用when。77.Thisistheroom________welivedlastyear.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.that答案：B解析：先行词theroom是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词用where或inwhich。78.—Couldyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting答案：D解析：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A、B选项；根据语境，会议是过去开的，要用一般过去时。79.—Doyouknow________?—Nextyear.A.whenhecamehereB.whendidhecomehereC.whenhewillcomehereD.whenwillhecomehere答案：C解析：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；根据回答Nextyear可知是问将来的时间，用一般将来时。80.Idon'tknowifhe________tomorrow.Ifhe________,I'lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.willcome;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcome答案：C解析：第一句中if表示“是否”，tomorrow是将来的时间，用一般将来时；第二句中if表示“如果”，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。81.—________fineweatheritis!—Let'sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa答案：A解析：weather是不可数名词，感叹句用What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！82.—________fasttheboyisrunning!—Yes,heisagoodrunner.A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa答案：A解析：fast是副词，感叹句用How+副词+主语+谓语！83.Mybrotherhas________fortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beenanarmyC.becomeasoldierD.beeninthearmy答案：D解析：fortwoyears是一段时间，要用延续性动词，join、become是短暂性动词，beinthearmy表示“在军队里”，是延续性的。84.Thebushasleft.Youhavetowaitforthenextone.A.fiveminutesagoB.forfiveminutesC.sincefiveminutesD.fiveminutesbefore答案：B解析：“hasleft”是现在完成时，“for+时间段”用于现在完成时。85.I'msorryI________myexercisebookathome.A.forgotB.leftC.missedD.lost答案：B解析：leavesth.+地点，表示“把某物落在某地”。86.—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,you________.Youcandoittomorrow.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案：B解析：Must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用No,youneedn't.或No,youdon'thaveto.87.—MayIsmokehere?—________,you________.It'sdangerous.A.Yes;canB.No;can'tC.Yes;mayD.No;maynot答案：B解析：根据“It'sdangerous.”可知不允许抽烟，用No,youcan't.88.You________crosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.shouldn'tD.maynot答案：A解析：交通灯是红灯时禁止过马路，mustn't表示“禁止”。89.Weshouldkeepourclassroom________.A.cleaningB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleaned答案：B解析：keep+sth.+adj.表示“使某物保持某种状态”，clean作形容词表示“干净的”。90.—________isthepopulationofChina?—About1.4billion.A.Ho