《土木工程专业英语 第2版》 课件 Unit5 Composite Construction_第1页
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Unit5CompositeConstructionEnglishforCivilEngineering——Teacher:Prof.ZhengLuE-mail:luzheng111@(SchoolofCivilEngineering,TONGJIUNIVERSITY)Unit5CompositeConstruction5.1Overview(概述)5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeam(钢-混凝土组合梁)5.1.2CompositeSlabs(组合楼板)5.1.3SteelReinforcedConcrete(SRC)(型钢混凝土)5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)Columns(钢管混凝土)5.2Pre-stressedConcreteCompositeSlabs(预应力混凝土组合楼板)5.2.1Introduction(简介)5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlate(预应力混凝土组合楼板综述)5.2.3TheResearchandApplicationofPre-stressedCompositeSlabs(预应力组合楼板的研究及应用)5.2.4Conclusion(结论)In1988,BankofChinaTowerinHongKong(Fig.5-1)wascompleted.ThismagnificentbuildingwasthetallestbuildinginAsiaatthattime.Thebuildingwasconstructedusingcompositesteel-concretestructures,whichisanimportantmilestonesincethedevelopmentofthecompositeconstruction.中银大厦是组合结构史上的里程碑compositesteel-concretestructures钢-混凝土组合结构;milestone里程碑5.1OverviewCompositeconstructionisamethodofconstructionthatisusedinavarietyofengineeringandbuildingapplications.Employingdissimilarcomponents,suchasconcreteandsteelorfiberglassandfoam,forasingleuseorstructureiscalledcompositeconstruction.Thegoalisunifyingoftheindividualcomponentpropertiestocreateacompositematerialthatpossessesthedesiredpropertiesofallcomponentpieces.组合结构定义dissimilar不同的;fiberglass玻璃纤维;foam泡沫橡胶;unify统一;possess具有5.1OverviewInstructuralengineering,compositeconstructionexistswhentwodifferentmaterialsareboundtogethersostronglythattheyacttogetherasasingleunitfromastructuralpointofview.Whenthisoccurs,itiscalledcompositeaction.Onecommonexampleinvolvessteelbeamssupportingconcretefloorslabs.Ifthebeamisnotconnectedfirmlytotheslab,thentheslabtransfersallofitsweighttothebeamandtheslabcontributesnothingtotheloadcarryingcapabilityofthebeam.However,iftheslabisconnectedpositivelytothebeamwithstuds,thenaportionoftheslabcanbeassumedtoactcompositelywiththebeam.Ineffect,thiscompositecreatesalargerandstrongerbeamthanthesteelbeamalone.Thestructuralengineermaycalculateatransformedsectionasonestepinanalyzingtheloadcarryingcapabilityofthecompositebeam.如何实现组合作用concretefloorslabs混凝土楼板;stud铆钉;beassumedto假定为;stud铆钉5.1OverviewCommonstructuralmembersofcompositeconstructioninclude①Steel-ConcreteCompositeBeams(Steel-ConcreteFloorCompositeStructure),②CompositeSlabs,③SteelReinforcedConcrete:SteelReinforcedBeams,SteelReinforcedColumns,SteelReinforcedWalls,④ConcreteFilledTube.组合结构分类5.1OverviewCompositesteel-concretebeamismadeupofsteelbeamandslabbyshear

connector.Inthistypeofcompositebeam,concreteandsteelbeamhavejointstressandcompatibilityofdeformation,whichmakefulluseofthecompressivestrengthofconcreteandthetensilestrengthofsteel.Soitremarkablyraisesthestiffnessandstabilityofbeams.钢-混凝土组合梁的组合形式shear

connector剪力连接键;joint共同的5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamCompositesteel-concretebeamshavebeendevelopedveryfastinrecentyears,andmoreandmorewidelyusedasthehorizontalelementscarryingheavyloadsinbuildingsandbridges,obtainingnotableeconomicandsocialbenefits.组合结构定义horizontalelements水平构件5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamAdvantagesofcompositebeams:1. Theconcreteandsteelisutilizedeffectively.2. Moreeconomicalsteelsectionisusedincompositeconstructionthanconventionalnon-compositeconstructionforthesamespanandloading.3. Depthandweightofsteelbeamrequiredisreduced.So,theconstructiondepthalsoreducesincreasingtheheadroomofthebuilding.组合梁的优点utilize利用;conventional传统的;headroom净空5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeam4. Compositebeamshavehigherstiffness,thustheyhavelessdeflectionthansteelbeams.5. Compositebeams(Fig.5-2)cancoverforlargespacewithouttheneedofanyintermediatecolumns.6. Compositeconstructionisfasterbecauseofusingrolledsteelandpre-fabricatedcomponentsthancast-in-situconcrete.7. Encasedsteelbeamhavehigherresistancetofireandcorrosion.组合梁的优点intermediatecolumns中柱;rolledsteel轧制钢;pre-fabricatedcomponents预制构件;cast-in-situconcrete现浇混凝土;encasedsteelbeam内置钢梁;corrosion腐蚀5.1.1CompositeSteel-ConcreteBeamCompositeslabscommonlyreferstosteeldeckreinforcedcompositeslabs(Fig.5-3)whichareformedbypouringconcreteonthesteelplateofdifferentkindsofconcaveandconvexribsordifferentkindsgrooves.Theyrelyonvariousformsofconcaveandconvexribsorgroovesandthensteelandconcretewillbeconnectedtogether.组合板steeldeck钢板;concaveandconvexribs凹凸肋;groove凹槽5.1.2CompositeSlabsSteelreinforcedconcrete(Fig.5-4)compositestructures(shortastheSRCcompositestructure)ismadeupofprofilesteel,longitudinalreinforcement,stirrupsandconcrete.Thatisconcretestructurewithprofilesteelinthecoreofstructurecomponentsandwithstirrupsandappropriate

verticalreinforcementoutofstructurecomponents.Itisdividedintotwotypesofstructure:allstructurecomponentsaresteelreinforcedconcretecompositestructuresandpartofstructurecomponentsaresteelreinforcedconcretecompositestructures.型钢—钢筋混凝土组合结构的组成成分profilesteel型钢;longitudinalreinforcement纵向钢筋;stirrup箍筋;appropriate适量的;verticalreinforcement竖向钢筋(应为纵向钢筋);5.1.3SteelReinforcedConcrete(SRC)Concrete-filledtubecolumnsconsistofasteeltubefilledwithconcrete.Theconcretecoreaddsstiffnessandcompressivestrengthtothetubularcolumnandreducesthepotentialforinwardlocalbuckling.Conversely,thesteeltubeactsaslongitudinalandlateralreinforcementfortheconcretecorehelpingittoresisttension,bendingmomentandshearandprovidingconfinementfortheconcrete.钢管混凝土柱的组成及优点inwardlocalbuckling向内的局部屈曲;lateralreinforcement侧向支承;confinement约束5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsDuetothebenefitofcompositeactionofthetwomaterials,theCFTcolumnsprovideexcellentseismiceventresistantstructuralpropertiessuchashighstrength,highductilityandlargeenergyabsorptioncapacity.Also,circularhollowsectionspossessmanyadvantagesoveropensections,includingaestheticappearanceandeconomyintermsofmaterialcosts.钢管混凝土柱抗震性能好ductility延性;aestheticappearance美观5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsDuetothecomplexityofconnectionsbetweensteelbeamsandcircularhollowsections,theiruseinstructuralsteelworkislimited.Thisisbecausetheuseofstandardboltingisnotfeasibleandcostlyunpopularweldedconnectionsarethenormalsolutions.Concrete-filledsteeltube(CFT)columnscombinetheadvantagesofductility,generallyassociatedwithsteelstructures,withthestiffnessofaconcretestructuralsystem.钢管混凝土柱同时具有钢结构和混凝土两种材料的优点,不过不能使用常规螺栓进行连接feasible可行的5.1.4ConcreteFilledTube(CFT)ColumnsInallkindsoffloors,concreteslabsoccupythedominantposition.Concreteslabscanbedividedintotwomajorcategories,thecast-in-placeslabandtheprecastslab.Thecast-in-placeslabhasgoodstructuralintegrity,however,itneedson-siteconcretepouringprocedure,largeconcretewetconstruction,instableconstructionquality,morescaffoldingandtemplates,highcostsandlongconstructionperiod.Theprecastslabisproducedinthefactoryandhasadvantagesoflessconcretewetconstruction,stableconstructionquality,lessscaffoldingandtemplates,lowconstructionnoise,reducibleengineeringcostandshortconstructionperiod.Butitsstructural

integrityneedstobeimproved.Therefore,compositeslabswhichcombinetheadvantagesofcast-in-placeslabsandprecastslabsbecomepopular.Itsbottompanelismanufacturedinfactoryandassembledonthespot.Thentheconcreteispouredinplacetoformthecompositeslab.Thisslabisprovidedwithadvantagesofgoodstructuralintegrity,lessscaffoldingandtemplates,shortconstructionperiod,goodeconomicefficiency,soithaspromisingdevelopmentprospects.组合楼板结合了现浇板和预制板优点dominantposition主导地位;category类别;on-siteconcretepouringprocedure现场混凝土浇筑;scaffolding脚手架;template模板;structuralintegrity结构完整性;bottompanel底板;spot现场5.2.1IntroductionThecompositeslabwithpre-stressedbottompanelisthemostwidelyusedcompositeslab.InChina,thepre-stressedthinslabwasproducedupto1957.In1970s,thepre-stressedcompositebeamandslabwasproducedwithcold-drawnlow-carbonsteelwires.In1980s,thestandarddrawingofpre-stressedcompositeslabswascompiled.Nowadays,thecompositeslabhasbeenwidelyusedinthehousingconstruction.Integratedprefabricatedhyperstaticstructureswithcompositecomponents,formedbypre-stressedcompositeslabsandpre-stressedhollowcompositebeams,havebeenappliedintallbuildings.组合板的发展cold-drawnlow-carbonsteelwires冷拔低碳钢丝;standarddrawing标准图册;compile编制;integratedprefabricatedhyperstaticstructures整体预制的超静定结构;pre-stressedhollowcompositebeams预应力空心组合梁5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompanelofcompositeslabsmostlyemploysthefirst-tensionedpre-stressedpanel.Thebottompanelcanalsobeusedaspermanentformworks.Accordingtowhetherornotthebracesaresetunderbottompanels,thecompositeslabcanbesortedintoone-stageloadingcompositeslabandtwo-stageloadingcompositeslab.组合板分类first-tensionedpre-stressedpanel先张拉预应力板;permanentformworks永久性模板;one-stageloadingcompositeslab一阶段加载组合板;two-stageloadingcompositeslab两阶段加载组合板5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateTheone-stageloadingcompositeslabhasslenderbottompanel,soitshouldbesupportedbytemporarybracesbeforethebottompanelsareassembled.Thepost-pouredconcretelayerandbottompanelbegintoworktogetherafterpost-pouredconcreteishardened.Theone-stageloadingcompositeslabissimilarwiththecast-in-placeslabinmechanicalbehavior.一阶段加载组合板的做法及特点temporarybraces临时支撑;bottompanels底板5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompaneloftwo-stagecompositeslabhasenoughbendingstiffnessandneedsnotemporarybracesduringconstruction.Soconstructiondurationcanbeshortenedandtheprojectcostcanbereduced.Differentfromthecast-in-placeslab,thecross-sectiondimensionsandreinforcementsofthecompositeslabaredecidedbyconstructionstage,notbyservicestage.Beforethepost-pouredconcretelayerishardened,itbearsnoloads.Inthemeanwhile,thebottompanelitselfbearsitsdeadweight,post-pouredconcrete’sdeadweightandconstructionloads.Afterthepost-pouredconcretelayerishardened,itbeginstoworktogetherwithbottompaneltoformcompositeslab,whichbearsthedeadweightofpost-pouredconcretelayer,floorsurfaceandceilingandliveloadduringservicestage.两阶段加载组合板的做法及特点cross-sectiondimensions截面尺寸;reinforcement配筋5.2.2OverviewofPre-stressedConcreteCompositePlateThebottompanelpatterndeterminesthebondingbehaviorofthecompositeslabandtheedgejointdetailsinfluencesitscrackresistance.Theroughnessofbottompanelsurfacecanaffectthebondforceofcompositeslabs.Accordingtoroughness,thebottompanelcanbedividedintonaturalroughbottompanel,artificialroughbottompanelandshear-resistantreinforcedbottompanel.Accordingtocrosssection,thebottompanelcanbeclassifiedintoflatbottompanel,precastribbedbottompanel,hollowbottompanelandsandwichbottompanel.组合板根据底板粗糙程度和截面形状分类bottompanelpattern底板形状;bondingbehavior粘结性能;crackresistance抗裂性能5.2.3TheResearchandApplicationofPre-stressedCompositeSlabsComposite

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