商务英语阅读（第3册）（第二版）课件 Unit 6 Business Innovation

商务英语阅读3UNIT6BUSINESSINNOVATIONLearningObjectivesUnderstandtheimportanceofbusinessinnovation.Learnaboutthewayshowtrainersareproducedcurrently.

ExplorethemeasuresNikehastakeninresponsetotheintensecompetitionfromthemarket.

UnderstandAdidas’smotivationforbuildingtheSpeedfactories.Learnaboutthemeasurestoencourageandimplementbusinessinnovation.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesTheNewManufacturingFootprintTextAWarmingupWhatisbusinessinnovation?2.Howimportantisinnovationtoabusiness?WordsandExpressionsramp…up:

tomakesth.increaseinamount使…的数量增加Producerscanquicklyrampupproduction.WordsandExpressionsspringup:

appearordevelopquicklyand/orsuddenly迅速出现；突然兴起Fast-foodrestaurantsarespringingupallovertown.WordsandExpressionsrollout:

toofficiallymakeanewproductavailableorstartanewpoliticalcampaign

正式推出（新产品）；开展（新的政治运动）ThenewmodelistoberolledoutinJuly.WordsandExpressionsoutsource

v.toarrangeforsb.outsideacompanytodoworkorprovidegoodsforthatcompany交外办理；外购(GMAT)

Weoutsourceallourcomputingwork.WordsandExpressionsloom

v.toappearimportantorthreateningandlikelytohappensoon显得突出；逼近(CET6;TEM4)

Aneconomiccrisisisloomingonthehorizon.WordsandExpressionswherewithaln.

themoney,thingsorskillthatyouneedinordertobeabletodosth.（做某事的）所需资金，必要的设备，所需技术Someofthecompaniesillegallysentthewherewithalformakingchemicalweapons.WordsandExpressionsmonotonousadj.

Somethingthatismonotonousisveryboringbecauseithasaregular,repeatedpatternwhichneverchanges.单调的(CET6;TEM4)

It’smonotonouswork,likemostfactoryjobs.WordsandExpressionsretoolv.

tochangeorreplacethemachinesortoolsinafactory更换，重新装配（机器设备）Eachtimetheproductchanges,themachineshavetoberetooled.WordsandExpressionsreplenishv.

tomakesth.fullagainbyreplacingwhathasbeenused补充；重新装满(TEM8;IELTS;GRE)

Theinsurancefundwillneedtobereplenished.WordsandExpressionssimulatev.

tomakeorproducesomethingthatisnotrealbuthastheappearanceorfeelingofbeingreal模拟，模仿(CET6;TEM8;GRE;GMAT)

Interviewscanbesimulatedintheclassroom.WordsandExpressionsarmyn.

alargenumberofpeopleorthings,especiallywhentheyareorganizedinsomewayorinvolvedinaparticularactivity大批；大群(CET4;TEM4)

Armiesofshoppersarelookingforbargains.WordsandExpressionssyntheticadj.

artificial;madebycombiningchemicalsubstancesratherthanbeingproducednaturallybyplantsoranimals人造的；（人工）合成的(CET4;TEM4;GMAT)

Bootsmadefromsyntheticmaterialscanusuallybewashedinamachine.WordsandExpressionscustomisev.

tomakeorchangesth.tosuittheneedsoftheowner订制，订做，改制（以满足顾主的需要）Youcancustomisethesoftwareinseveralways.WordsandExpressionsbespokeadj.

(ofaproduct产品)madespecially,accordingtotheneedsofanindividualcustomer订做的(GRE)

Inthebasementfifteenemployeesarebusymakingbespokecoats.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainIdeaParas.1-6Adidaspreparesahigh-techplanttobringproductionoftrainersbacktoGermany.Paras.7-12Inacompetitiveandtrend-drivenmarket,bothAdidasandNiketakemeasurestomaketheirproductslookandperformdifferently.NotesonTextA1.Bavaria:Afreestateandoneof16federalstatesofGermany.LocatedintheGermansoutheastwithanareaof70,548squarekilometers,BavariaisthelargestGermanstateandGermany’ssecondmostpopulousstate.Munich,Bavaria’scapitalandlargestcity,isthethirdlargestcityinGermany.NotesonTextA巴伐利亚州，位于德国南部，面积约占德国国土面积的五分之一，是德国幅员最大的联邦州。首府慕尼黑是该州的文化、经济中心，是德国的第三大城市。NotesonTextA2.Ansbach:AcityintheGermanstateofBavaria.安斯巴赫，是德国巴伐利亚州的一座直辖市。

NotesonTextA3.3Dprinting:Alsoknownasadditivemanufacturing(AM).Itreferstoprocessesusedtocreateathree-dimensionalobjectinwhichsuccessivelayersofmaterialareformedundercomputercontroltocreateanobject.Objectscanbeofalmostanyshapeorgeometryandareproducedusingdigitalmodeldatafroma3DmodeloranotherelectronicdatasourcesuchasanAdditiveManufacturingFile(AMF)file.NotesonTextA3D打印,，又称增材制造，是一种以数字模型文件为基础，运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。3D打印通常是采用数字技术材料打印机来实现的，常在模具制造、工业设计等领域被用于制造模型，后逐渐用于一些产品的直接制造。NotesonTextA4.Biosteel:Anartificialsilkfibermadefromrecombinantlyproducedsilkproteins.ThesilktechnologyhasbeendevelopedbyAMSilkGmbH,aGermanindustrialbiotechnologycompany.Itisreportedly7-10timesasstrongassteelifcomparedforthesameweight,andcanstretchupto20timesitsunalteredsizewithoutlosingitsstrengthproperties.Italsohasveryhighresistancetoextremetemperatures,notlosinganyofitspropertieswithin-20to330degreesCelsius.Biosteel纤维（仿造天然丝线），是一种纤维材料，可以100%自然生物降解。NotesonTextA5.Beaverton:AcityinWashingtonCounty,intheU.S.stateofOregon.TheNikeCompanyisheadquarterednearthiscity.比佛顿，美国俄勒冈州西北一城市，位于波特兰西部。DiscussionForabusiness,whatcanbedonetoencourageinnovation?ExercisesI.ReadingComprehension1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheSpeedfactories?A.TheAnsbachSpeedfactoryisbeingconstructedwithalocalfirmmanufacturingequipment.B.AnotherSpeedfactoryisbeingbuiltnearAtlanta.C.ProductionoftheSpeedfactorieswillincreaseto500,000pairsoftrainersayear.D.TheincreaseoflabormakesAdidasbuildtheSpeedfactories.Exercises2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredabouttheAdidas’snewproductionsystem?A.Somedetailsoftheproductionsystemhavebeenreleased.B.Themachinesusedinthissystemwillbehighlyefficient.C.Materialsusedtomakenewtrainersmustbeordered.D.Themachinesusedinthissystemcannotchangerapidlyfrommakingonethingtoanother,becausetheyhavetoreceiveinstructionsfromacomputer-designprogram.Exercises3.WhichofthefollowingproceduresinmakingnewtrainerscannotbefinishedautomaticallyintheSpeedfactories?A.Finalshaping.B.Additivemanufacturing.C.Computerizedknitting.D.Roboticcutting.Exercises4.“Adidas’sarchrivalNikewillnotjustsitonthetouchline.”(Para.12)Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmean?A.Sitonthesideoftheplayingfield.B.Lookonanddonothing.C.Takecountermeasures.D.Befacedwiththecompetition.Exercises5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Trainer-makingindustryhasbeenfullyautomated.B.TwoSpeedfactorieshavebeenbuiltbyAdidas.C.Competitioninthesportsshoesmarketisbecomingincreasinglytough.D.Thetechniqueof3DprintingisonlyadoptedinAdidas’sSpeedfactories.ExercisesII.A1-5:DBCCA 6-10:CABCBExercisesII.B1.tookshape 2.springingup 3.dueto 4.leavingbehind5.keepup

6.comingupwith7.workedup8.rollout 9.fashionedfrom10.builtupExercisesIII.1-5:CIHFM

6-10:KJNOD

ExercisesIV.Translation1.Bybringingproductionhome,thisfactoryisouttoreinventanindustry.这家工厂通过将生产线引入国内，正试图重塑这个行业。Exercises2.Thenumbersaretinyforacompanythatmakessome300mpairsofsportsshoeseachyear.YetAdidasisconvincedtheSpeedfactorywillhelpittotransformthewaytrainersarecreated.对于每年生产约3亿双运动鞋的公司来说，这些数字很小。然而阿迪达斯确信，Speedfactory将有助于改变运动鞋的生产方式。Exercises3.Peoplewantfashionableshoesimmediately,butthesupplychainstrugglestokeepup.人们想立刻买到时尚的鞋子，但供应链勉强能满足需求。Exercises4.Thedesignprocessitselfisincreasinglydonedigitally.Thetrainersarenotjuststyledonacomputerscreenbutcanalsobetestedbythecomputerforthingslikefitandperformance.设计过程本身日益数字化。运动鞋不仅在计算机屏幕上进行设计，还可以通过计算机测试适合度及性能等。Exercises5.Insuchacompetitiveandtrend-drivenmarket,onethingiscertain:Adidas’sarchrivalNikewillnotjustsitonthetouchline.在这样一个竞争激烈、时尚驱动的市场中，有一点是确定的：阿迪达斯的主要竞争对手耐克也不会坐以待毙。ANewModeltoSparkInnovationInsideBigCompaniesTextBWordsandExpressionsscrappy

adj.

havinga

determinedcharacter

andalwayswillingto

compete,

argue,orfight

好争斗的；争强好胜的(GRE)NaturalathleteRolloandhis

scrappy

rivalPicklehavehadafewweeksofpracticeandarenowexpertracers.WordsandExpressionsintrapreneur

n.someonewhoworksforalargecompanyandwhose

job

isto

develop

new

ideas

orwaysofdoing

businessforthatcompany

内部企业家(在大公司内负责开发新计划和新的经营方式)WordsandExpressionsprowess

n.

greatskillatdoingsth

非凡的技能；高超的技艺；造诣(TEM8;GRE)

He‘salwaysbraggingabouthis

prowess

asacricketer.WordsandExpressionsstringentadj.(ofalaw,rule,regulation,etc.)

verystrictandthatmustbeobeyed

（法律、规则、规章等）严格的；严厉的(TEM8;GRE)

Heannouncedthattherewouldbemorestringentcontrolsonthepossessionofweapons.

WordsandExpressionsuphillbattlesomethingthatisdifficulttowinandtakesalotofeffortoveralongperiodoftime

漫长而艰难的、费力的战斗It’san

uphill

battlebutIthinkwe’regoingtowin.WordsandExpressionsupside

n.themorepositiveaspectofasituationthatisgenerallybad

（糟糕局面的）好的一面，光明的一面，正面(CET6)

TheupsideofthewholethingisthatwegotafreetriptoJamaica.WordsandExpressionschafe

v.

tofeelannoyedandimpatientaboutsth,especiallybecauseitlimitswhatyoucando

（尤指因受限制而）恼怒，烦恼，焦躁(CET6;GRE)

Hesoonchafedattherestrictionsofhissituation.WordsandExpressionsstratosphericadj.

extremelyhighorgreat

极高的；极大量的；极高水平的The

stratospheric

surgeofAmericansseekingunemploymentbenefitscontrastswiththesituationinwesternEurope.WordsandExpressionsincrementaladj.increasinginamountorvaluegraduallyandbyaregularamount增加的；递增的(GRE)

Weareseeking

continuous,incrementalimprovements,notgreatbreakthroughs.WordsandExpressionsacquisitionn.acompany,pieceofland,etc.boughtbysb,especiallyanothercompany;theactofbuyingit

购置物；收购的公司；购置的产业；购置；收购(CET4;TEM4;GRE)TheyhavemadeacquisitionsinseveralEUcountries.WordsandExpressionsbloatedadj.

If

you

describe

an

organization

asbloated,youmeanthatitistoobiganddoesnotworkeffectively（机构）臃肿的(GRE)

Thecompanytrimmedits

bloated

labourforce.WordsandExpressionshigh-profileadj.attractingalotofattentionandinterestfromthepublicandnewspapers,television,etc.

经常出镜（或见报）的；备受关注的；高姿态的Tony

has

now

been

thrust

into

the

limelight,with

a

high-profile

job.WordsandExpressionsequityn.thevalueofacompany’sshares;thevalueofapropertyafterallchargesanddebtshavebeenpaid

（公司的）股本；资产净值(CET6;TEM4;GRE)

Tocapturehisequity,Murphymusteithersellorrefinance.

WordsandExpressionsincentiven.somethingthatencouragesyoutodosth

激励；刺激；鼓励(CET6;TEM4;GRE;GMAT)Thereisnoincentiveforpeopletosavefuel.WordsandExpressionsseasonedadj.(ofaperson)

havingalotofexperienceofaparticularactivity

富有经验的；老于此道的(CET4;CET6;GRE)

Artiewasbythenaseasonedmusicianwithsixalbumstohiscredit.WordsandExpressionsdeathknellaneventthatmeansthattheendordestructionofsth.willcomesoon

丧钟；死亡的征兆；预示毁灭的事件ThelossofGeorgiawouldsoundthedeathknellofRepublicanhopes.WordsandExpressionssupplantv.totaketheplaceofsb/sth(especiallysb/stholderorlessmodern)

取代，替代（尤指年老者或落后于时代的事物）(TEM8;GRE)

Barkerwassoonsupplantedaspartyleader.WordsandExpressionsmaverick

n.

apersonwhodoesnotbehaveorthinklikeeveryoneelse,butwhohasindependent,unusualopinions

持不同意见者；独行其是者；言行与众不同者(TEM8;GRE)

He’salwaysbeenabitofamaverick.WordsandExpressionssapv.

tomakesth/sbweaker;todestroysthgradually

使虚弱；削弱；逐渐破坏(TEM4;GRE)

HerlongillnesswasgraduallysappingCharlotte’sstrength.WordsandExpressionsincumbent

n.apersonwhohasanofficialposition

在职者；现任者(CET6;TEM8;GRE)

IntheJuneelections,Morriseasilydefeatedtheincumbent,TomSmith.WordsandExpressionsfraughtadj.

filledwithsthunpleasant

充满（不愉快事物）的(CET6;TEM8;GRE)

Theirmarriagehasbeenfraughtwithdifficulties.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsParas.1-4Thebackgroundagainstwhichadifferentfundingmechanism--VBOemerged.Paras.5-7TheadvantagesthatVBOshaveoverLBOs.Paras.8-12TherewardsofVBOsoutweighthechallengestheyface.NotesonTextB1.VC(venturecapital):moneythatisinvestedinanewcompanytohelpitdevelop,whichmayinvolvealotofrisk

风险资本（投入新公司的资金，风险很大）NotesonTextB2.GeneralCatalyst:

Itisaventurecapitalfirmthatmakesearlystageandtransformationalinvestments.GeneralCatalystbacksexceptionalentrepreneurswhoarebuildinginnovativetechnologycompaniesandmarketleadingbusinesses,includingAirbnb,BigCommerce,ClassPass,Datalogix,Datto,Demandware,Gusto(fkaZenPayroll),TheHonestCompany,HubSpot,KAYAK,Oscar,Snap,Stripe,andWarbyParker.TheGenralCatalystteamleveragesitsbraodexperiencetohelpfoundersbuildextraordinarycompanies.IthasofficesinCambridge,MA,PolaAlto,CAandNewYorkCity.NotesonTextB通用催化风险投资公司，是一家进行早期和转型投资的风险投资企业，针对建立技术型公司的企业家进行投资，这些企业将领导创新和对行业产生变革作用。NotesonTextB3.leveragedbuyout(LBO):Whenacompanywantstomakean

acquisition

butdoesn’thavethe

workingcapitaltopay

cash

—orprefersnotto—itcanusealeveragedbuyouttoclosethedeal.Aleveragedbuyoutisusuallyfinancedusingahigh

debt-to-equity

ratio(thesharepaidforbyborrowingversusboughtoutright).Whentheacquiringcompanytakesoutloans,ittypicallyusestheassetsandexpectedcashflowofthetargetcompanyascollateral(anassetusedtosecurealoanthatcanbeseizedincaseofdefault).NotesonTextBCompaniesoftenuseleveragedbuyoutstoprivatizepubliccompaniesortobuylargecompaniesandbreakthemupintosmallerfirms.Thisstrategycanhelptheacquiringcompanymakethepurchasewithoutcommittingalotofitsownfundsbutalsocomeswithrisks.杠杆收购,指收购者用自己很少的本钱为基础，然后从投资银行或其他金融机构筹集、借贷大量、足够的资金进行收购活动，收购后公司的收入（包括拍卖资产的营业利益）刚好支付因收购而产生的高比例负债，这样能达到以很少的资金赚取高额利润的目的。NotesonTextB4.High-yieldbond:High-yieldbonds(alsocalled

junkbonds)arebondsthatpayhigherinterestratesbecausetheyhavelowercreditratingsthan

investment-grade

bonds.High-yieldbondsaremorelikelytodefault,sotheypayahigheryieldthaninvestment-gradebondstocompensateinvestors.高收益债券,由产业公司、金融机构、公用事业机构发行并被至少一家独立的信用评级机构列为投资等级以下、且其票面收益率高于投资等级的债券。DiscussionHowshouldacompanyimplementinnovation?ExercisesII.ReadingComprehension1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.HowVBOisdifferentfromLBO.B.Onewayinternalstartupsovercomesomeofthedisadvantagestheyfaceisbyseekingoutexternalfundingfromventurecapitalfirms—VBO.C.VBOhasmanyadvantagesoverLBO.D.HowVBOcameintobeing.Exercises2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutintrapreneurs?A.Theymustmeetastrictmarkettest.B.Theycanconvincetheircompanytoprovideinitialfunding.C.Theylaunchanewventureinsideanexistingcompany.D.It’salwaysbeenchallengingforthemtolaunchnewventuresinsideanexistingbusiness.Exercises3.WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonwhyLBOswerepraisedfor?A.Abilitytoincreaseefficiencies.B.Abilitytoincreaseearnings.C.Enablingagrowth-centrictransformation.D.abilitytodriveincreasedcashflows.Exercises4.WhichofthefollowingisnotoneoftheadvantagesofVBO?A.Itbringshigh-riskgrowthcapitaltodriveacceler