2024年中考英语复习冲刺过关专题03 非谓语动词（原卷版）

【查补知识漏洞·通关练】专题03非谓语动词（原卷版）一、单项选择1．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes.________thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A．Tocatch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches2．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing3．（2022·西藏·中考真题）________toomuchsweetfoodwillmakepeoplegetfat.A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate4．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．starting C．started D．start5．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）IhavedecidedtogotoBeijingand________oneofmyoldfriendsthere.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit二、单词拼写6．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）Ourgovernmenthastakenaction(make)lifeinthecountrysidebetter.7．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—ProfessorWangwillgiveusatalkonthehistoryofHuai’antomorrow.—Really?Ilookforwardto(attend)it.8．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Don’tgiveup(尝试).I’msureyouwillsucceed.9．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Goandhaveagoodsleep,baby.Letme(worry)aboutthesethings.10．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Thefiremenhadnochoicebut(break)thewindow.考点一不定式1.不定式的构成基本形式:to+动词原形(这里的to是不定式符号,本身无词义,有时可以省略)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not(+to)+动词原形”。动词不定式具有动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,有不同的时态和被动语态,但它没有人称和数的变化。2.不定式的句法功能功能知识拓展例句作主语不定式作主语时,通常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。其结构为:It+be

+adj.

(+for/of

sb.)+动词不定式.It’s

easy

for

me

to

do

it

well.

对于我来说,我可以轻易地把它做好。作宾语①作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。常见的后面接动词不定式的动词(短语):agree(同意)、afford(负担得起)、begin

(开始)、decide

(决定)、expect

(期望)、forget(忘记)、hope/wish(希望)、learn(学习)、manage(完成,应付)、offer(提供)、prefer(更喜欢)、prepare(准备)、

pretend(假装)、

plan(计划)、promise(承诺)、refuse(拒绝)、want/would

like(想要)等②

find、

think等后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在后面You

must

learn

to

look

after

yourself.

你必须学着照顾自己。I

can’t

afford

to

buy

the

ring.

我买不起这枚戒指。作宾语补足语①常见的后面接不定式作宾补的动词(短语)有:

advise(建议)、allow(允许)、ask(要求)、expect

(期望)、force(强迫)、invite(邀请)、teach

(教)、tell(告诉)、warn(警告)②在make、let、see、feel、notice、hear、watch等使役动词、感官动词后,不定式省略to(但在被动语态中to不能省略)Can

you

teach

me

to

swim?你能教我游泳吗?I

saw

him

cross

the

street.

/He

was

seen

to

cross

the

street.

我看见他穿过了街道。作表语多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换为作主语To

see

is

to

believe.

眼见为实。作定语不定式作定语,要放在被修饰词的后面Would

you

like

something

to

eat?你想要些吃的东西吗?作状语表目的I

went

to

the

store

to

buy

some

food.

我去商店买了些食物。表原因I’m

sorry

to

trouble

you.

我很抱歉给你添麻烦了。表结果He

was

too

excited

to

say

a

word.

他太激动以至于一句话也说不出来。和疑问词连用不定式常和疑问词what、which、when、where、how连用,在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分“疑问词+不定式”这一结构常用于tell、know、advise、teach、find

out、decide、discuss等词汇后,

充当宾语I

don’t

know

what

to

say.我不知道该说些什么。I

haven’t

decided

where

to

go

for

my

summer

holiday.

我还没决定去哪里过暑假。考点二动名词1.动名词的构成动名词由“动词原形+-ing”构成。2.动名词的句法功能功能知识拓展例句作主语谓语动词用单数形式Reading

in

the

sun

is

bad

for

your

eyes.

在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。作宾语动名词可作动词或介词的宾语。常见接动名词的词或短语有:avoid(避免)、consider(考虑)、enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、keep(坚持)、practice(练习)、mind(介意)、suggest(建议)等,

be

busy

(忙于),

be

worth(值得),

be/get

used

to(习惯),

can’t

help(情不自禁),

have

fun(开心……),

feel

like(想要),

give

up(放弃),

look

forward

to(期望)We

have

fun

working

together.

我们一起工作很开心。作表语多数情况下,动名词作表语可转换为作主语My

work

is

cleaning

the

house.

=Cleaning

the

house

is

my

work.

我的工作是打扫这个房子。作定语动名词作定语要位于所修饰的词之前She

is

in

the

reading

room.

她在阅览室里。考点三分词1.分词的构成分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”形式构成;过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”,但也有不规则的形式。现在分词表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成。2.现在分词的句法功能功能知识拓展例句作定语分词作定语,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词Do

you

know

the

boy

playing

on

the

playground?你认识在操场上玩耍的男孩吗?作状语现在分词的逻辑主语为句子的主语The

worker

came

into

the

room,

carrying

a

heavy

box.

这位工人搬着一个重箱子进入了房间。作补语现在分词作补语,被补充说明的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系)I

saw

the

boy

dancing

when

I

passed

by.

当我经过的时候,我看到这个男孩在跳舞。3.过去分词的句法功能功能知识拓展例句作状语分词或分词短语作状语时,可表示时间、伴随、原因、结果、让步、条件等The

teacher

came

in,

followed

by

some

students.

老师进来了,后面跟着一些学生。作定语表示被动或完成,单个分词置于所修饰词前,分词短语则后置He

is

an

unexpected

visitor.

他是个不速之客。作表语现在分词表示主语的性质、特征;过去分词表示某种状态The

girl

was

excited

about

the

news.

这个女孩对这则消息感到兴奋。作补语过去分词作补语,被补充说明的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)My

mom

wants

to

have

her

hair

cut.

我妈妈想剪头发。一、单项选择1．（2024·江苏南通·一模）________theMuseum’s90thyear,NanjingMuseumdisplayedmorethan200valuabletreasuresin90groups.A．Celebrate B．Celebrating C．Tocelebrating D．Tocelebrate2．（2024·云南红河·一模）—Lingling,I’dlovetogobikeridingwithyou,butIhavesomehomework________.—Ifyoudon’tgo,neitherwillI.A．finishing B．tofinish C．finished D．finish3．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Youshouldavoid________ontheunderground.It’simpoliteandalsoagainsttherules.A．eat B．eating C．ate D．toeat4．（2024·云南昭通·二模）OnAugust24th,2023,Japanstartedpouringnuclearwastewaterintothesea.Itplanstokeep__________itslowlyforatleast30years,whichcausedpeople’sworriesaroundtheworld.A．pour B．pouring C．poured D．topour5．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Bequick!Thereislittletime________beforethefilmstarts.—OK.Let’sgonow.A．leaving B．toleave C．leaves D．left6．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—WhatelseshouldIpayattentionto________myEnglish?—YoushouldwatchEnglishvideosasoftenaspossible.A．improve B．improves C．improving D．toimprove7．（23-24九年级下·吉林长春·阶段练习）Weshouldusedifferentkindsofwayswecanthinkof________peopleinneed.A．helping B．tohelp C．help D．helped8．（2024·吉林长春·一模）________ingoodhealth,we’dbettereatmorefruitsandvegetables.A．Keep B．Tokeep C．keeping D．Keeps9．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·一模）IntheearthquakeinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,parentsdideverythingtheycan________theirchildren.A．toprotect B．protect C．protects D．protecting10．（2024·湖南怀化·二模）It’ssaidthattheworkersinthefactoryaremade________withAIrobots.A．working B．worked C．work D．towork二、单词拼写11．（2024·甘肃陇南·一模）Alanhasmadeadecision(give)upthechancetogoabroad.12．（2024·西藏昌都·一模）Theteacheralwaystellsus(notswim)intheriver.13．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）Theyarebusyreadyfortheexam.(get)14．（2024·四川成都·二模）Cwithfacetofacecommunication,booksoftentouchpeople’sheartsbetter.15．（2024·甘肃临夏·一模）(wash)handsfrequentlyisagoodhabitforourhealth.16．（2024·甘肃陇南·一模）(collect)stampsismyhobby.17．（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Mycousinborrowedmydictionarywithout(归还)it.18．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Bobremembered(meet)histeacherinBeijinglastmonth.19．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）It’simpoliteforstudentstoenterteacher’sofficewithoutk(敲)atthedoor.20．（2023·安徽宣城·模拟预测）R(阅读)isagoodhabitforpeopleofallages.三、完成句子21．（2023·贵州·中考真题）向他人学习并自我提升对我们极其重要。othersandimprovingourselvesisessentialforus.22．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyouwhenyoucancome.(改为简单句)Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyoucome.23．（2024