2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5HumansandNaturePartⅣLesson3RacetothePole学案北师大版必修第二册

PartⅣLesson3RacetothePole学习目标话题语境人与自然及地球奇妙探究课时词汇explorer,preparation,ski,boot,captain,polar,base,anxiously,ambition,exploration,cheerful,prove,distant,continent,honesty,sincerity,bravery常用短语ontheway(to),inpreparationfor,makeprogress(in),breakdown,puton,atonetime,havedifficultyin(doing)sth.,carryon,failto(do),leavefor,fornothing典型句式moreandmore＋adj./比较级＋and＋比较级越来越……Ⅰ.核心单词拼法练习：请依据所给的词性和词义写出单词1．________________n.志向，雄心；追求，夙愿2．________________n.探险；探究3．________________adj.兴奋的，兴致勃勃的4．________________vt.证明；证明5．________________adj.久远的；遥远的6．________________n.探险者；勘察者7．________________n.预备，准备8．________________adj.极地的，地极的9．________________n.基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地10．________________adv.焦虑地；担忧地Ⅱ.阅读单词拼法练习：请依据所给的单词和词性写出词义1．continentn.________________2．honestyn.________________3．sincerityn.________________4．braveryn.________________5．skin.________________vi.________________6．bootn.________________7．captainn.________________On1June,1910,CaptainRobertFalconScottleftLondontobeginhisjourneytoAntarctica.Whilehewasonthewayto[1]Antarctica,hereceivedamessagefromtheNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsenwhichsaidhewasgoingsouth,too[2].ThentheracetotheSouthPolebegan![1]在去……的路上[2]which引导定语从句Duringthepolarsummerof1910—1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.[3]ScottandAmundsenwaitedanxiouslyforspring.[3]Then＋谓语动词＋主语．(倒装)Amundsenwasthefirsttoleaveon8September,1911.Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledges[4]andallhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.Scottlefton1Novemberandsoonhadproblems.First,histwosledgesbrokedownandthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.Afterawhile,Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledgesthemselves.[4]have＋宾语＋宾补(现在分词短语)：使……始终做……AmundsenreachedthePoleon14December,1911andputaNorwegianflagthere.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.Amundsenandhisteamarrivedsafelybackrotheirstartingbaseon25January,1912aftertendaysaheadoftheirplanned[5]schedule.[5]过去分词作定语ScottfinallyarrivedatthePolewithfourteammemberson17January,1912.TheywereshockedwhentheysawtheNorwegianflag.Scottwroteinhisdiary：“Well,wehavenowlostthegoalofourambitionandmustface800milesofhardpushing—andgoodbyetomostofourdreams.”Thereturnjourneywasoneoftheworstinthehistoryofexploration.Themenweresoonverytiredandwererunningoutoffood.Theweatherconditionswereterrible.Scottstartedtorealisetheirhopelesssituation：“Weareverycheerful,butwhateachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.Puttingonourshoesinthemorningisgettingslowerandslower.”However,ontheirwaybacktheyfoundtimetolookforrocks.Theycarriedtwentykilosofrocksallthewaywiththem.Later,theserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpast,thecontinentofAntarcticawascoveredbyplants.Thendisastercame.EdgarEvanshadaterriblediseaseanddiedafterabadfall.ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking[6].Scottrecordedhisdeath：[6]who引导非限制性定语从句“Hesaid,‘Iamjustgoingoutsideandmaybesometime.’...WeknewthatpoorOateswaswalkingtohisdeath,butthoughwetriedtostophim,weknewthatitwastheactofabravemanandanEnglishgentleman.Weallhopetomeettheendwithasimilarspirit,andcertainlytheendisnotfar.”Scottandtwoofhisteammemberscarriedonandgotwithinelevenmilesofoneoftheirfoodbases.Butthenaterriblestormstartedandtheycouldnotleavetheirtent.Scottspentsomeofhislasthourswriting.HewrotealetterfullofsadnesstohiswifeKathleen：“Icouldtellyoulotsandlotsaboutthisjourney.Whatstoriesyouwouldhavefortheboy...butwhatapricetopay.”Scott'sdiaryalsotoldthestoryoftheirend：“Wearegettingweakerandweakerandtheendcan'tbefar.Itseemsapity,butIdonotthinkIcanwritemore.”ThenewsofScott'sdeathshockedtheworld.EvenAmundsenwasmovedbyScott'sdeathsaying“CaptainScottleftarecord,forhonesty,sincerity,forbravery,foreverythingthatmakesaman[7]”.ScotthadfailedtowintheracetothePole,butthegreatcourageshownbyScottandhismen[8]madethemheroes.[7]that引导定语从句[8]过去分词短语作定语1910年6月1日，罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校离开了伦敦，起先了去南极洲的旅程。在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一条信息，信息中说他也要去南极洲。于是，奔向南极的赛跑就起先了！在1910—1911年极地的夏季，两支队伍都建了食品储备基地，为来年的旅程做准备。极地的冬季来临，四周一片黑暗。斯科特和阿蒙森着急地等待着春天的到来。1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一个动身。他用几队狗拉雪橇，全部的队员都在滑雪板上行进。因此，他行进速度很快。11月1日，斯科特动身，很快就出现了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹起先在大雪和寒冷的天气下出现严峻问题。过了一阵子，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇。1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达极点，在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他为返程做准备。1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的团队比支配的行程提前10天平安抵达了他们动身的基地。1912年1月17日，斯科特和四名队员最终到达了极点。当看到挪威国旗时，他们特别震惊。斯科特在日记中写道：“好吧，我们现在已经失去了对奋斗目标的追求，而且必须要面对800英里的艰苦行进——并且要跟我们大多数人的幻想说再见。”他们的返程是探险史上最糟糕的旅程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气条件特别糟糕。斯科特起先意识到他们的境况令人无望：“我们很兴奋，但每个人心里的感受我只能揣测。大家早上鞋子穿得越来越慢。”然而，在回去的路上，他们还花时间去找寻了岩石。他们一路上带着二十千克的石头。后来，通过这些石块证明，在遥远的过去，南极大陆曾经被植被覆盖。然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了一种可怕的疾病，重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。斯科特登记了他的死亡：“他说，‘我要出去一下，可能会待上一会儿。’……我们知道可怜的奥茨正走向死亡。尽管我们试图阻挡他，但我们都知道这是一个英勇的人、一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最终，我们也的确快走到最终了。”斯科特和两名队员接着向前，到达了一处距离食品储备基地不足11英里的地方。但随后爆发了一场可怕的风暴，他们无法离开帐篷。斯科特在他生命的最终几个小时写下一些文字。他写了一封充溢哀痛的信给他的妻子凯瑟琳：“关于这次旅行我有太多太多的事情想告知你。很多你情愿给孩子讲的故事……但付出了多大的代价啊。”斯科特的日记也讲解并描述了他们的结局：“我们越来越虚弱，终点可能不远了。特别缺憾，但我想我无法接着写下去了。”斯科特死亡的消息震惊了世界。甚至阿蒙森也被斯科特的离世触动了，他说：“斯科特上校将永载史册，因为他诚恳、真诚、英勇，并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得到达极点的竞赛，但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大志气使他们成了英雄。►第一版块：重点词汇(1)preparationn．预备，准备preparev．准备(教材P36)Whatpreparationsdotheyneedtomake?他们须要做什么准备？[合作探究]体会preparation及其相关词的用法和意义They'vesoldtheirhouseandcarinpreparationforleavingthecountry.他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。Mrs.Whiteisbusymakingpreparationsforherdaughter'swedding.怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。Motherispreparingusameal.Wemaywashourhandsandprepareforthemeal.妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。makepreparationsfor为……做准备inpreparationforsth.为某事做准备beinpreparation在准备中preparesb.forsth.使某人为某事做好准备preparetodosth.准备做某事bepreparedtodo/forsth.对(做)某事有所准备比较eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(preparesth.准备某物,prepareforsth.为某事而做准备（for表示对象）))即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Inordertomake________(preparation)forthecomingcompetition,hedevoteshissparetimetoreadingeveryday.②—Whenwillthepartybeheld?—Itisstillin________(prepare).③—I'msureAndrewwillwinfirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He________(prepare)foritformonths.④Alltheprofessorsare________________________(为……做准备)thecomingacademicexchange.⑤Heispractisingeveryday________________________(为……做准备)theWorldFigureSkatingChampionships(世界花样滑冰锦标赛).⑥Thebirthdaypartyis________________(在准备中).⑦Ican'tgowithyoutothecinematonight.Ihaveatest________________(为……做准备).⑧Please________________(准备午饭)fortheguestsafterthevisit.(2)basen．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地(教材P36)Duringthepolarsummerof1910—1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。[合作探究]体会base的用法和意义Youshouldbaseyourconclusionon/uponcarefulresearch.你应当以审慎的探讨为基础而下结论。ThemovieASmileIsBeautifulisbasedon/uponthepopularnovelofthesamename.电影《微微一笑很倾城》是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。atthebaseof...在……底部anairbase空军基地haveabroadbaseofthemasses有广泛的群众基础base...on/upon...＝bebasedon以……为基础/依据baseone'sopinionsonfacts以事实为依据发表观点bebasedonfacts以事实为依据词语积累basicadj.基本的，基础的；初级的；必需的→basicallyadv.基本上；从根本上说即学即练完成句子/单句语法填空①我们在山脚下露营。Wecamped________________________themountain.②这个故事是基于历史事实创作的。Thestory____________________historicalfacts.③我们的观点应当以事实为依据。Weshould________________________________．④Theysettleddown________thebaseofthemountain.⑤Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports________(base)onthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.⑥________(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.⑦He________(basic)justsitsthereanddoesnothingallday.(3)anxiouslyadv.焦虑地；担忧地anxiousadj.忧患的，担忧的，渴望的(教材P36)ScottandAmundsenwaitedanxiouslyforspring.斯科特和阿蒙森着急地等待春天的到来。[合作探究]体会anxious的用法和意义Mymotheralwaysgetsabitanxiousifwedon'tarrivewhenwesaywewill.假如我们不能在我们所说的时间到达，母亲总是有点焦虑。Shewasanxioustofinishschoolandgetajob.她渴望毕业找份工作。Heisstillabsent.I'manxiousforhim.他仍旧未到，实在让我担忧。Wewereanxiousforhissafereturn.我们盼望他平安归来。waitanxiouslyfor着急地等待……lookanxiouslyat忧虑地看着……词语积累anxiousadj.焦虑的→anxiouslyadv.beanxiousaboutsth.为……担忧beanxiousthat...担忧……beanxiousfor渴望得到……/为某人担忧beanxioustodosth.渴望/急于做某事即学即练完成句子/单句语法填空①I________________________(急盼)yourreplytomyemail.②Tom________________________(担忧地望着)hertoseeifshewasupset,butsheremainedcalm.③Studentsarewaiting________(anxious)fortheresultofthefinalexam.④Sheisanxious________notpassingthecollegeentranceexamination.⑤Thoseanxious________reformsaythatthepresentsystemistoonarrow.⑥Shewasanxious________(finish)schoolandgetajob.(4)provevt.证明；证明(教材P37)Later,theserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpast,thecontinentofAntarcticawascoveredbyplants.后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。[合作探究]体会prove的用法和意义Thedifficultywashowhecouldprovehisideastootherscientists.困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证明他的想法。Theyprovethemselves(tobe)wiseandbrave.他们证明自己机灵英勇。Heproved(tobe)anhonestman.后来证明他是一个诚恳的人。Itisprovedthatthismethodiseffective.据证明这种方法是行之有效的。provesth.tosb.向某人证明某事proveoneself(tobe)...证明自己是……prove(tobe)＋n./adj.原来是；证明是Itisprovedthat...据证明……名师点拨prove作“证明是；结果是；事实说明”解时，用作连系动词，无被动语态。可用于以下句型：prove＋形容词prove＋名词prove＋介词短语或副词prove＋动词不定式即学即练单句语法填空①Sheproved________(her)tobeanablesecretary.②By1914Einstein'stheoryproved________(be)correct.③Ithasbeenprovedagainandagain________whatissaidintheadsgreatlyaffectspeople'simpressionoftheproducts.④Canyouproveyourtheory________us？(5)ambitionn．志向，雄心；追求，夙愿(教材P37)Well,wehavenowlostthegoalofourambition...好吧，我们现在已经失去了我们奋斗的目标……[合作探究]体会ambition的用法和意义Hisambitionistobecomeanactor.他的志向是成为一名演员。alackofambition缺乏志向befullofambition充溢野心achieveone'sambition实现志向词语积累ambitionn．→ambitiousadj.有志向的，雄心勃勃的；有野心的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①He'savery________(ambition)youngpersonandhewantstoplayatthehighestlevel.②Hersonis________(ambition)tobecomeagreatinventor.③Theexplorer________________________(充溢野心)andwantedtowintheracetotheSouthPole.④She________________________(实现了自己的志向)tobecomethefirsttorunthe10，000metreswithin30minutes.(6)cheerfuladj.兴奋的，兴致勃勃的(教材P37)Wewereverycheerful...我们很兴奋……[合作探究]体会cheer及相关词的用法和意义Shetoldmetobecheerfulandlookonthebrightside.她劝我兴奋点，要看到乐观的一面。ThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出现时，人群高声欢呼。WhenI'mfeelingsad,mymothertellsmefunnystoriestocheermeup.当我感到悲伤时，我母亲就给我讲好玩的故事让我兴奋起来。acheerfulface笑脸acheerfulcolor令人兴奋的颜色词语积累cheern．欢呼声，喝彩声→cheerfuladj.cheer...on(在竞赛中)为……加油，为……打气cheer...up使……兴奋起来，使……振作起来即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Sarahpretendedtobe________(cheer),sayingnothingabouttheargument.②Withthehelpofhissister,theshyboyseemstobe________________(更加兴奋).③Itdoesmegoodtosee____________________(一张笑脸).►其次版块：核心短语(1)makeprogress取得进步(教材P36)Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.因此，他进展很快。[合作探究]体会progress短语的意义和用法Makeswiftprogresstowardthedestination.朝目的地快速前进。Pleasedonotentertheclassroomwhilealessonisinprogress.上课时请勿进入教室。Thankstoherhelp,Imadegreatprogressinmystudy.多亏她帮忙，我在学习上取得了巨大的进步。inprogress在进行中；在进展中makegreatprogressin...在……方面进步巨大makerapidprogress取得快速的进步makegreatprogress取得巨大进步makesomeprogress取得一些进步makemuchprogress取得很大的进步makesteadyprogress取得稳定的进步误区警示progress是不行数名词，可以用rapid,great,some,much等修饰，但不能说makeaprogress。即学即练完成句子①Itishardtoimagine________________________(他们取得的进步)inthepastfewmonths.②Thereportshowsthatweare________________________(取得快速的进步),butweneedtomakegreaterefforts.③____________________(在……的帮助下)theteachersandhisclassmates,LiLeihasmadeaprogressinhisstudy.(2)breakdown停止运转；出故障；（身体等）垮掉；失败；使分解(教材P36)First,histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹起先应付不了大雪和寒冷的天气。[合作探究]体会broke短语的用法和意义Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.昨晚与商界领导人的谈判失败了。Everybodywasalarmedatthenewsthatwarmightbreakout.听到斗争可能爆发的消息人人感到恐慌。Thepolicecamerunningandbrokeupthecrowd.警察跑过去把人群驱散了。breakaway(from)脱离(政党等)；打破(陈规等)breakdown坏掉；(谈判等)失败；(身体等)垮掉；把……分类/分解breakin插话；闯入breakinto...破门而入；突然……起来breakoff中止；中断；打断；折断breakout(斗争、火灾、疫病等)突然爆发breakthrough冲破，突破breakup裂开；(关系)裂开；疏散，(被)分解名师点拨break是及物动词，有被动语态breakdown是不及物性词组，不能被动。如：ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.Ourcarbrokedownontheway.即学即练写出句中breakdown的含义/完成句子①Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.________________②IleftLondonwhenmymarriagebrokedown.________________③ThecarbrokedownjustnorthofParis.________________④Foodisbrokendowninthestomach.________________⑤Angrypeople________________(冲过)thebarriersdespiteofwarningsfromthepolice.⑥Twoworldwars__________________(爆发)inourplanetsofar.(3)havedifficultieswith...应付……有困难(教材P36)．..andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.……后来马匹起先在大雪和寒冷的天气下出现严峻问题。[合作探究]体会difficulty短语的意义和用法Wewillfacemanydifficultiesinthefuture.将来我们将面临很多困难。Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehadsolvingtheproblem.你无法想像我们解决这个问题有多么困难。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(havetrouble/difficultywithsth.,havetrouble/difficulty（in）doingsth.))做某事有困难havenotrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.毫不费劲地做某事withdifficulty有困难学法点拨difficulty表示抽象的“困难，费劲”时，是不行数名词。difficulty表示详细的“困难，难处”时，是可数名词。误区警示关于difficulty之后接的介词，有时候in和with都是对的，只是意思不同。havedifficultyinthework(inthework表示“在工作中”)havedifficultywiththework(withthework表示“在应对/处理这项工作方面”)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①She'shavingalotoftrouble________thenewcomputer,butshedoesn'tknowwhomtoturnto.②—Howwasyourtriptothesmallvillage?—Youcan'timaginethedifficultywehad________(walk)throughtheheavyrain.③I__________________(有些困难)gettingusedtothelifehere.④Shedefendedherself________________(有困难).⑤Iam________________________(学……有些困难)Englishatpresent.⑥Theyhadmuchtrouble(in)________________(救人)buriedinthebuilding.⑦Theoldman________________________(闲聊毫不费劲)ontheInternet.⑧Thebookis________________________(充溢难点).(4)carryon接着进行；坚持下去，开展；经营(教材P37)Scottandtwoofhisteammemberscarriedonandgotwithinelevenmilesofoneoftheirfoodbases.斯科特和两名队员接着向前，到达距离食品储备点不足11英里的地方。[合作探究]体会carry短语的意义和用法Wemustcarryontillsuccessinspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.尽管条件极其困难，我们必需坚持下去，直到胜利。Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.实施这个支配我有些困难。Hiscouragewillcarryhimthrough.他的志气会帮他渡过难关。Thecollegeteamcarriedoffalltheprizesofthetabletennis.高校代表队囊括了乒乓球竞赛的全部奖项。carryonwithsth./doingsth.接着(做)某事/坚持(做)某事carryaway/off拿走；冲走，夺走carryout执行；实施carrythrough贯彻；使渡过难关短语辨析carryout/carryoncarryout意为“执行、实行”carryon表示(接着)进行，进行下去，强调坚持例如：HehadlearnedenoughGermantocarryonaconversation.他已学了足够的德语来进行会话。Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeetwith,carryoutyourplan.不管你遇到什么困难，都要执行支配。即学即练完成句子①Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malwaystoobusyto________________(接着)aconversationwithher.②Althoughfacedwithsomanydifficulties,theystill________________(接着)theirresearch.③Thesupportofhermother________JaneGoodall________(使……渡过难关)andshedevotedherselftothestudyofchimps.④Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehisidentitywhenhewentto________________(执行)thesecrettask.⑤Theteamwillhaveto________________(接着)withoutme.(5)spend...（in）doingsth.花费……做某事(教材P37)Scottspentsomeofhislasthourswriting.在他生命的最终几个小时，斯科特花时间写下一些文字。[合作探究]体会spend短语的意义和用法Hespendstoomuchtimeonhisstudy.他在学习上花费的时间太多了。Wespenthoursstudyingthestructureofleavesunderthemicroscope.我们花了好几个小时在显微镜下探讨叶子的结构。Theladyspendstoomuchmoneyonclothes.这女士在做服装上花的钱太多了。spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间/金钱spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事spendmoney(on)doingsth.花费金钱做某事词语辨析spend/pay/cost/take(1)人＋spend＋时间＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(on＋物,（in）doing))人＋spend＋金钱＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(on＋物,（on）doing))(2)人＋pay(＋金钱)＋for＋物(3)物＋cost(＋人)＋金钱(4)Ittakes＋人＋时间＋todosth.即学即练单句语法填空/辨析填空(spend/pay/cost/take)/同义句转换①Mysisterspentmuchofhertime________literature.②Ihatetospendalongperiodoftime________(play)computergames.③________tooktheassistantawholedaytocompletethesummary.④Shepaid$20________anEnglish­Chinesedictionary.⑤Ittookhimalongperiodoftime________(finish)hisrevision.⑥Themealcookedbyanexpert________usabout$50.⑦Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme________forthisbook.⑧It________her10monthstofinishthetranslationofthisnovel.⑨Moremoneyshould________onhealthcareandeducation.⑩Ispentmuchtime(in)searchingforusefulinformationonthewebsite.→________________________________________________________________________(take)►第三版块：重点句式(1)完全倒装句式(教材P36)Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。[句式解读]该句为完全倒装语序，主语为thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter，谓语为came。[合作探究]体会倒装句的用法Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Incametheheadmaster.校进步来了。Gonearethedayswhenwewerelookeddownupon.我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。Intheyardstandsatalltree.院子里有一棵大树。[用法总结](1)表示地点的副词here,there,up,down,out,in,away；表示时间的副词now,then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。(2)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come,go,lie,stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。(3)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。(4)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。学问拓展英语中完全倒装的状况：(1)“Here/There/Now/Then＋come(或be等)＋主语”结构。①除了then引导的句子用过去式以外，其余的均用一般现在时，表示一种生动的描述。②假如主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。(2)表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首，要用完全倒装。(3)表语/地点状语(多为介词短语)＋连系动词/实义动词＋主语(名词)。(4)分词短语置于句首时。(5)Thereis/lives/lies/stands/remains/appears/exists...(there是引导词，本身没意义)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver________(lie)Chongqing,oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.②ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadplayedonthestage.Infrontofthestage________(be)myexcitedschoolmates.③Foramomentnothinghappened.Then________________(传来声音)allshoutingtogether.④Inthedarkforests________________________(有很多湖泊),somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.⑤—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,there________________________(我们其余的客人来了)!⑥________________________(藏在门后的)weresomenaughtychildren.⑦________________________(有一座漂亮的城堡)bathedinthesunshine.⑧________________________(在楼前耸立着)amarblestatue.(2)have＋宾语＋宾补(教材P36)Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，全部人都坐在雪板上。[句式解读]本句运用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。[合作探究]体会have句型的用法Theytriedtohavehertalking,butnouse.他们想让她说话，但没用。ShehadplannedtohaveherdaughtermarryLaurie.她本准备让女儿嫁给劳里。Asweleftwehadaphotographtakentogether.临走时，我们一起照相了。[用法总结]该句型用法有以下几种：(1)havesb./sth.doing让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)(2)havesb.do让某人做某事(3)havesth.done让/请别人做某事；遭遇到学法点拨have＋宾语＋宾补do(1)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事，宾语与宾补之间为主动关系。(have＝let)(2)havesb.doingsth.多用于否定句，与can't或won't连用，表示不能容忍某人做某事。(have＝stand容忍)(3)havesth.done的两层含义：①使某事被……(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能请别人做)；②遭遇，经验(不好的事)。误区警示(1)havesth.todo有某事要做，have作“有”讲，动词不定式作后置定语。(2)havesth.todo结构中，句子的主语须与动词不定式之间为主动关系，否则动词不定式要用被动形式。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtohaveyourcar________(wash).②Youmusthaveyourhomework________(do)beforegoingouttoplay.③Iwon'thaveyou________(tell)mewhattodo.④—Youlookupset.What'sthematter?—Ihadmyproposal(提议)________(turn)downagain.⑤Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________(catch).⑥Shetoldmeshe________________________(找人把她的房子粉刷了).⑦You'dbetter________________________________(找人把这些旧桌椅搬出)ourclassroom.⑧Myparentshave__________________(重要的事情要做)todayandleavemeinchargeofthehouse.(3)现在进行时表将来(教材P37)Iamjustgoingoutsideandmaybesometime.我要出去一下，可能会待上一会儿。[句式解读]此句是现在进行时表将来的句子。[合作探究]体会现在进行时表将来的用法Weareleavingearlytomorrowmorning.我们明天一早动身。Let'shurryup.Itisbeginningtorain.快点，要下雨了。Areyoudoinganythingtomorrowafternoon?明天下午你有什么事吗？We'regettingmarriedonApril10thisyear.我们今年4月10日要结婚。[用法总结](1)位移动词的进行时表将来现在进行时表将来主要表示按支配或支配将要发生的事。这种用法比较生动，给人一种期盼感。此时所运用的动词多是表示位置移动的动词(词组)，如come,go,gooff,leave,arrive,fly,start,travel,walk,ride,drive,takeoff等。(2)非位移动词的进行时表将来除运用表示位置移动的动词(词组)外，还可运用某些非位移动词，如do,buy,meet,play,publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。点拨现在进行时表将来常指“意图”“支配”或“准备”。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期盼感。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①When________you________(go)offforyourholiday?②She________(leave)forSingaporetonight.③Hisplane________(take)offat9：20.④“Themoment________(come)soon，”hethoughttohimself,waitingnervously.⑤Jack________________(要去见)hisgirlfriendthisafternoon.⑥I________________(支配出版)abookthisyear.⑦Myuncle________(come)backfromabroadnextmonth.⑧She________(leave)earlytomorrowmorning.Ⅰ.练单词—记坚固A．请依据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空1．Iamgoingtolearnto________(滑雪)duringthewinterholiday.2．Mymotherboughtmeapairof________(靴子)asmybirthdaygift.3．Iammakingeveryefforttobe________(兴奋的)everydaywhateverhappens.4．Shefinallyachievedher________(志向)ofbecomingawriter.5．Makefulluseoftodayandmakeagood________(准备)fortomorrow.6．Astheclimatewarmsup,thep________icewillbegintomelt.7．TheysayIamtooyoungbutIwillp________thattheyareallwrong.8．Hetravelledalonethewholec________ofAfricafromeasttowest.9．Wemadehimthec________ofourschoolfootballteam.10．Tohaveacarofmyownseemstobead________dream,butitisnotsofaraway.B．用准用活：请依据句子语境，用所给提示词的正确形式完成句子Group1:anxiously1．Itwaslateandtheparentswere________aboutthesafetyoftheirchildren.2．Ifyouareworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyour________withyourdoctor.Group2:ambition1．Tobeawriterofchildren'sliteraturewasherlifelong________．2．Mothersarealwayshighly________fortheirchildren.Group3:cheerful1．Let'sgivea________tothekidswhohavepassedthetest.2．Thefanswereshoutingand________whentheteamscoredanothergoal.3．OurEnglishteacherishumorousandwehavea________atmosphereinhisclasses.Group4:distant1．Thetimewespenttogetherisa________memory.2．Whatisthe________betweenBeijingandGuangzhou?Group5:explorer1．Ourcountryhasexpresseditswishto________andusethespacepeacefully.2．Thespaceshipcarriedoutalotoftasksforthefuture________ofthespace.Group6:preparation1．Itishardformetogiveaspeechwithout________．2．Wehaveto________forthegamebutbecarefulaboutinjuries.Group7:base1．Itisnecessaryforustostrengthenthe________skillsofreadingandwriting.2．Successmustbe________onacleargoalandhardwork.Ⅱ.练短语—记坚固请依据所给中文写出相应的短语1．曾经；一度________________2．在某方面有困难________________3．接着________________4．未能做成________________5．前往；动身去________________6．免费；徒然________________7．在……途中________________8．为……做准备________________9．取得进步________________10．停止运转，出故障________________11．穿上；上演；增加________________Ⅲ.练句子—用活用准短语请依据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子1．休息了许久之后，我们得打起背包奔向新的目的地。Afteralongrest,wehavetopackupand________________anewdestination.2．全部的额外努力都白费了，因为他们已经取消了支配。Alltheextraeffortscount________________，sincetheyhavecancelledtheplan.3．假如你改掉坏习惯，你就能在学习上取得进步。Ifyoubreakfreefromyourbadhabits,youwill________________inyourstudy.4．我得离开几天，球队将不得不在没有我的状况下接着竞赛。Ihavetobeawayforseveraldaysandtheteamwillhaveto________________withoutme.5．我在新单词发音方面总有困难，现在我必需多加练习。Ialways________________pronouncingnewwordsandnowImustpractisemore.6．不幸的是，我的自行车今日早上在上学路上坏了，所以我迟到了。Unfortunately,mybike________________onmywaytoschoolthismorning,soIwaslate.7．出门前记着穿上校服。Rememberto________________yourschooluniformbeforegoingout.8．我从不错过早餐，要么在家吃，要么在上学的路上吃。Inevermissbreakfast,soIeithereatathomeoreat________________toschool.9．这座古老的教堂曾经是当地孩子们的学校。Theoldchurch,________________，servedasaschoolforthelocalchildren.10．我的父母总是能给我一个有意义的生日。Myparentsnever________________surprisemewithameaningfulbirthday.11．筹备这次家庭聚会花费了很多钱。Alotofmoneyhasbeenspent________________thefamilyget­together.Ⅳ.单句写作请依据句意和提示短语翻译句子1．你再这样工作下去会把身体弄垮的。(breakdown;carryon)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．看上去这个小孩自己穿袜子有点困难。(havedifficultyin)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．现在就起先努力学习，我信任你将来会取得进步的。(makeprogress)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．这些岩石证明，南极大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。(atonetime)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．爸爸说他可能在下班回家的路上丢了钥匙。(ontheway)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅴ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheracetotheSouthPolewasbetweenCaptainScottandtheNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.CaptainScottleftLondontobeginhisjourneytoAntarcticaon1June,1910.OnhiswaytoAntarctica,hereceivedamessagefromAmundsen1.________saidhewasgoingsouth,too.Thentheracebegan.Togetpreparedfortheirjourneysthenextyear,bothteamsorganisedtheirfood2.________(base)duringthepolarsummerof1910—1911.Thencamethetotal3.________(dark)ofthepolarwinter.Thetwoexplorerswaited4.________(anxious)forspring.ThefirsttoleavewasAmundsen,whosetoffon8September,1911,withteamsofdogs5.________(pull)thesledges.Allhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.On1November,Scottleftandsoon6.________(have)problems.Histwosledgesbrokedownandthenthehorseshaddifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.As7.________result,Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledges8.________(them).So,whenScottandhisfourteammembersfinallyarrivedatthePole,theywereshockedtoseetheNo