2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit2ExploringEnglishSectionⅡUsinglanguage学案外研版必修第一册

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.contactvt.联系；联络n．联系；接触❶Youcancontactusbye­mail.你可以通过电子邮件和我们联系。❷ContacttheTouristInformationBureauforfurtherdetails.更多详情请联系旅游信息局。❸Hefailedtomakeradiocontact.他未能进行无线电联络。❹DoctorsIcameintocontactwithvoicedtheirconcern.我接触到的医生都表示了他们的担忧。❺Youmustleaveyourfullnameandcontactdetailswhenyouphone.打电话时你必需留下全名与联络信息。[归纳探究](1)contactsb.immediately/directly马上/干脆与某人联系contactsb.bye­mail/telephone通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系(2)makecontactwithsb./getincontactwithsb.与某人取得联系be/stay/keepincontactwithsb.与某人保持联系losecontactwithsb.与某人失去联系bringsb.intocontactwithsth.使某人接触某物beincontactwithsb.与某人联系beoutofcontactwithsb.与某人失去联系physical/eyecontact身体/目光接触[一言助记]Areyouwillingtocutoffthecontactwiththeworld,andthenliveinseclusion？你是否情愿切断与世俗的联系，过安宁静静的隐居生活呢？[联想拓展]与contact意义相近的词：connectv.联系；连接touchv.联系；接触linkv.联系[即学即练]单句语法填空①Atpresent,it'seasy________(contact)witheachotherwiththehelpofWeChat.②Theyare________contactwitheachotherforfiveyears,sotheyknoweachotherverywell.③Severaldaysago,presidentBasharAssadgotincontactwithPutininMoscow.→Severaldaysago,presidentBasharAssad____________________PutininMoscow.④Ithasbeenseveralyearssincegraduation,andIhavelostcontactwithmanyclassmates.→Ithasbeenseveralyearssincegraduation,andIhavebeen________withmanyclassmates.2.likelyadj.可能的，可能发生的❶Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.这些发展可能会使我们目前的机器人电话问题更加严峻。❷It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging.因为交谈是尴尬的而且有难度的，可能我们没有人起先。❸Delayedflightcouldhappenbutit'snotlikelyatthemoment.航班误点的状况有可能发生，但在目前看来好像不太可能。[归纳探究](1)belikelytodosth.可能做某事It'slikelythat...……是可能的(2)unlikelyadj.不大可能的beunlikelytodosth.不大可能做某事Itisunlikelythat...……不大可能[学法点拨]“Itis/waslikely＋that从句＝Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.”，意为“很可能……”，主语既可以是人也可以是物。Itiseq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(possibleforsb.todosth.,possible＋that从句,probable＋that从句))possible和probable作表语时不能用人作主语[即学即练]单句语法填空①Most________(like)hisattemptwillfail.②________islikelythatyou'llonlyhavethisonechancetomakeagoodimpression.③Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesoutoftheirwindowarelikely________(recover)atafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.3.additionn．增加物，添加物；增加，添加❶Theproductsareofhighquality.Inaddition,thepriceislow.这些产品质量很好。另外，价格也很低。❷There'sapostageandpackingfeeinadditiontotherepaircharge.除修理费之外还有邮寄和包装费。❸Inadditiontothetractor,wehaveacquiredanewricetransplanter.除了拖拉机，我们又添加了一台新的插秧机。[归纳探究]inaddition“除此之外，另外”，是副词性短语，单独作状语。inadditionto“除……之外(还)”，是短语介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。[学法点拨]inaddition可用于句首、句中或句末，用于句首或句中时，通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。[即学即练]选词填空/单句语法填空inaddition/inadditionto①Icanposttheletterforyou.__________，doingsomewalkingdoesmegood.②____________thenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.③____________theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.④Inadditionto________(swim),shelikesplayingtheguitar.4eacross偶然发觉；偶然遇见；被理解❶PerhapsIwillcomeacrosshiminFrance.或许我会在法国偶遇他。❷IcameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstoreinLondon.我在伦敦的一个旧店偶然发觉了这本书。❸Howdiditcomeabout？这件事是如何发生的？❹Anewplancameupatthemeetingyesterday.一个新的安排在昨天的会议上被提出。[归纳探究]comeout出现；开花；出版；发表；透露cometo合计；总共comeupwith提出，想出cometrue实现，成真comeover过来；顺便来访comeon快点，起先comefrom来自；诞生于comeabout发生(常与how连用)[名师点津]表示“偶然遇见”的短语还有：runacross,meetwith,happentomeet,runinto,meet...bychance[即学即练]完成句子①他讲了很久，但并没有人理解他的意思。Hespokeforalongtime,buthismeaningdidnotcome________．②沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了戴维，我们已有好几年没见了。Whenwalkingdownthestreet,I________________David,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.③我们须要想出详细的措施去解决这个问题。Weneedto________________specificmeasurestosolvethisproblem.5.(教材P18)Americansliveinanapartment,whiletheBritishliveinaflat.美国人住在“apartment”里，而英国人住在“flat”里。[句式解构]while用作并列连词该句是并列句。while在此处作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示对比。while作并列连词时，表示对比，意为“但是，而”，用来连接两个并列分句。❶Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.我喜爱喝茶，而她喜爱喝咖啡。❷Heisbusywithhishomeworkwhilehisbrotherisplayingcomputergames.他在忙着做家庭作业，而他弟弟在玩电脑嬉戏。while作连词的其他用法：(1)作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。MywifekeptsilentwhileIwaswriting.当我写作的时候，我妻子总会保持宁静。(2)作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不认为这些问题不能解决。[即学即练]推断下列各句中while的功能与含义①Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverthepast25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.________________②Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone.________________③Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectsarepositive.________________6.(教材P24)It'snotasconfusingasitseems：usuallypeoplefromthetwocountriescanunderstandeachotherfromthecontext.这并不像看上去的那么令人困惑：通常两国人民可以通过语境相互理解。[句式解构]“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as...”表示同级比较，意为“和/像……一样……”；其否定形式为notas/so...as...“不如……那样……”；此结构的常用句式结构有：·as＋adj./adv.＋as...·as＋adj.＋a＋可数名词单数＋as...·as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...·as＋much＋不行数名词＋as...❶HeisasniceaboyasPeter(is).他是个像彼得一样的好孩子。❷ShehasasmanyfriendsasMary(does).她和玛丽有一样多的挚友。❸Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.我能和你搬一样多的纸。,[即学即练]完成句子①但是我发觉我的结果不像我希望的那样好。ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobe________________________________________Ihadhopedtheywouldbe.②我读的书和你读的书一样好玩。Ihaveread____________________________________youhaveread.识登记列短语①unfamiliaradj.不熟识的beunfamiliarwithsth.对……不熟识beunfamiliarto为……不熟识②theotherwayround相反地③calmdown冷静下来④bemadeupof由……组成⑤beshortfor是……的缩写⑥comeupwith想出⑦takethesubway/underground乘地铁⑧inuse在运用中⑨bereferredtoas被称为主动形式referto...as...把……称之为……⑩fromthecontext通过语境⑪keepupwiththetimes与时俱进构词法一、语法现象感知①pineapple菠萝eggplant茄子seasick晕船的airsick晕机的carsick晕车的homesick想家的penfriend笔友highway马路motorway高速马路②invisible看不见的subway地铁unlike不像dislike不喜爱incorrect不正确的③sculpture雕刻作品，雕像opposing相反的，对立的harmless无害的，不致伤的shameless无耻的，不知羞愧的shameful可耻的，丢脸的behavior举止，行为confusing令人困惑的creativity创建性，创建力achievement成果，成就④rain雨/下雨snow雪/下雪二、语法规则理解1．①组中的单词是将两个单词合并在一起，形成一个新的单词。这种构词法被称为________。2．②组中的单词是在各自的词根前加了不同的________缀，如in­，un­，dis­，sub­等。3．③组中的单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的________缀，如­ure，­ing，­less，­ful，­or等。4．②③组中的单词的构词法被称为________。5．④组中的单词所展示的构词法被称为________。根据肯定的语言规律创建新词的方法叫做构词法。英语构词法主要有转化法、合成法、派生法、首尾缩略法等。一、转化法英语中一个词由一种词类转到另一种或几种词类而不发生词形的变更，称为转化法。1．名词转化为动词(1)身体部位Whenthefamousstarcamein,allpeopleeyedher.当那位著名明星进来时，全部的人都凝视着她。Manyofhisfriendsbackedhisplan.他的许多挚友支持他的安排。I'dliketoliveinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.我想居住在窗户朝南的屋子里。(2)身份职业Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.她照料丈夫复原了健康。Thedogwasguardingitsowner'sluggage.狗守护着主子的行李。AlthoughIamnolongerachild,motherstillmothersme.尽管我已经不是小孩了，但母亲对我依旧悉心照料。(3)地点场所Thegovernmenthasbuiltnewhousestohousethehomelesspeople.政府建了新居子给无家可归的人供应住处。(4)工具装置Shepennedafewwordsofthanks.她写了几句致谢的话。Thecompanyshipsitsgoodsallovertheworld.公司把货物运往世界各地。Theseorangeswereboxedandsentoffquickly.这些橘子被装箱，然后快速地发走。(5)物质名词Thesetreesneedtobewatered.这些树须要浇水。Itwasrainingheavilywhenwearrivedthere.当我们到达那里时正在下大雨。(6)抽象名词Theirwordsangeredmegreatly.他们的话使我特别生气。[名师指津]名词转化为动词后的发音有些名词转化为动词时形式不变，但读音会发生变更。例如：housen．/haʊs/→v./haʊz/usen．/ju：s/→v./ju：z/2．其他三种转化(1)动词转化为名词Let'sgooutforawalk.我们出去散漫步吧。Ourbuildsaresimilar.我们的体形相像。(2)形容词转化为名词Shewasdressedinblue.她穿着蓝色衣服。(3)形容词转化为动词Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage.文化促进了语言的发展。Thetrainsloweddowntohalfitsspeed.火车速度减慢了一半。[即学即用]句型转换①Wehadlunchtogetherafterthemeeting.→We________togetherafterthemeeting.②Let'sfillthewaterintothisbottle.→Let's________thewater.③Youaresofatthatyouhavetogoonadiet.→Youaresofatthatyouhaveto________．④Snowoftenfallsinmyhometowninwinter.→Itoften________inmyhometowninwinter.二、合成法两个单词连在一起合成一个新词，前一个词修饰或限定后一个词。1．合成形容词构成方式例词形容词＋名词＋­ednoble­minded高尚的good­tempered脾气好的形容词＋现在分词good­looking好看的fine­sounding好听的副词＋现在分词hard­working勤劳的far­reaching深远的名词＋现在分词peace­loving酷爱和平的epoch­making划时代的名词＋过去分词state­owned国营的heartfelt由衷的副词＋过去分词well­known著名的widespread广泛流传的形容词＋名词large­scale大规模的high­class高级的名词＋形容词duty­free免税的lifelong终身的，毕生的2.合成名词构成方式例词名词＋名词silkworm蚕bloodtest验血形容词＋名词double­dealer两面派shorthand速记动名词＋名词waiting­room候车室sleeping­pills安眠药动词＋名词pickpocket扒手break­water防水堤名词＋动名词handwriting书法sun­bathing日光浴动词＋副词get­together联欢会break­through突破副词＋动词downfall垮台outbreak爆发3.合成动词名词＋动词sleep­walk梦游副词＋动词overthrow推翻形容词＋动词white­wash粉刷4.合成副词形容词＋副词everywhere到处somehow不知何故副词＋副词however无论如何介词＋副词forever恒久[即学即用]写出下列合成词的汉语①salesman________②snow­white________③warm­hearted________④blacklist________⑤roommate________⑥undergo________三、派生法在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。(一)常用前缀1．表示否定意义的前缀常用的有：dis­，il­，im­，in­，ir­，mis­，non­，un­等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。appear出现→disappear消逝correct正确的→incorrect不正确的2．表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：a­(多构成表语形容词)，anti­(反对；反抗)，auto­(自动)，co­(共同),en­(使)，inter­(相互)，re­(再；又)，sub­(下面的；次；小)，tele­(强调距离)等。alone单独的anti­gas防毒气的Internet互联网subway地铁3．变更词性的前缀有：en­，de­，be­，a­，out­等。en­前缀通常加在形容词或名词前构成动词；de­前缀通常加在名词之前构成动词，其意义大多和原名词相反；be­前缀可加在名词或形容词前构成动词；a­前缀常加在名词或描述性动词之前，构成形容词或副词；out­前缀可加在名词之前构成形容词，加在动词之前构成名词。couragen．志气→encouragevt.激励valuen．价值→devaluevt.降低……的价值(二)常用后缀1．名词后缀形式意义例词­age表状态、性质shortage(缺乏)­ance/­ence指行为、状态performance(演出)，preference(偏爱)­dom指性质、状态freedom(自由)­ee表某物的承受者employee(雇员)，trainee(实习生)­er/­or指人的身份worker(工人)，bachelor(单身汉)­ess表示女性hostess(女主子)­ese表示国籍Chinese(中国人)­hood表身份、性质neighborhood(邻里)，manhood(男子气概)­ian指人的身份musician(音乐家)­ion/­tion表状况、状态fashion(时髦)，tradition(传统)­ist从事……的人dentist(牙科医生)­ment指行为、状态amusement(消遣)­ness表状态、性质kindness(慈爱)­ship表状态、技能hardship(苦难)，workmanship(工艺)2.形容词后缀形式意义例词­al具有……性质的personal(个人的)，regional(地区的)­en有……性质的golden(金色的)，woolen(毛的)­ful充溢……的helpful(有帮助的)，fearful(可怕的)­able/­ible可……的readable(可读的)，accessible(可接近的)­ive有……作用的productive(生产的)，active(主动主动的)­ly像某种举止/性格/外貌般的friendly(友好的)，orderly(整齐的)­ous充溢……的dangerous(危急的)，famous(著名的)­some引起/产生……的troublesome(令人苦恼的)，tiresome(令人厌烦的)3.副词后缀类别例词干脆加­lyclear→clearly清晰地great→greatly很，大大地以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加­lyhappy→happily兴奋地heavy→heavily沉重地词尾为ble/le的形容词，去掉e，再加­yterrible→terribly可怕地；极度地gentle→gently轻轻地词尾为ue的形容词，去掉e再加­lytrue→truly真实地词尾为ll的形容词，干脆加­yfull→fully充分地；完全地dull→dully迟钝地词尾为­ic的形容词，加­allybasic→basically主要地，基本上scientific→scientifically合乎科学地[即学即用]单句语法填空①Themeparksoffermoreeducationalthingsthan________(amuse)parksdo.②Lucyhasalotof________(curious)aboutwhatitisliketoliveinaforeigncountry.③TheweatherinBritainis________(change).Youcanfindthatoneminuteitisrainyandthenextminutethesunisshiningbrightly.④Sometimesunknownthingsappear________(mystery)tous.⑤Ifwehumanbeingskeeponkillingthewildlife,someanimalswill________(appear)completely.四、首尾缩略法首尾缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。veryimportantperson→VIP特别重要的人；大人物television→TV电视TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL托福InformationTechnology→IT信息技术[即学即用]写出下列缩略词①theUnitedStatesofAmerica________美国②WorldWideWeb→________万维网③theVoiceofAmerica→________美国之音④CentralProcessingUnit→________中心处理器Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Herodeabicycleontheroadandcame________alibraryaroundthecorner.2．Tomakealiving,hedidmanykindsofjobs,________(include)teaching.3．Shetalkedwithconfidence,eveniftherewereacrowdof________(familiar)faces.4．Wearebestfriends,andwehavekeptincontact________eachotheraftergraduation.5．Asthenewspaperreported,somepeoplelivearichandvariedlife,________othersdon'thaveenoughtoeat.6．________thenovelisquitetruetolife,themaincharactersinitareimaginary.7．Iwouldrather________(go)outtonight,ifyoudon'tmind.8．Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredto________“white­collarworkers”．Ⅱ.写出下列句子中画线词的词性及汉语意思1．Thecookalwaysbrushesalittleoiloverthetopofthepizzawithabrush．________________2．Thedoctoradvisedhertotakemoreexercise.So,tokeepfit,sheexercisestwiceaday.________________3．Therearealotofpeoplenearthepostoffice.Canyouposttheletterforme？________________4．Hewasillforsomedays,andthenursenursedhimkindly.________________5．IhaveabalanceddietandIdon'thavetodiettoloseweight.________________6．Idreamedaterribledreamlastnight,whichterrifiedmealot.________________7．Hefooledalotofpeopleintobelievingthathewasnoble­minded．________________8．Afterwork,thesaleswomandidn'theadstraighthome.________________9．Themiddle­agedwomanisgoingtovisithermotherthisafternoon.________________