2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit4Makingthenews（含解析）新人教版必修5

必修5Unit4Makingthenews李仕才Ⅰ.阅读理解AGoldenGateLocatedinSanFrancisco,theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957,theBrooklynTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStates,openedintheyear1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1,825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridge,theGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwo­levelsuspensionbridge.MackinacThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8,038meters.ThearchitectofthisbridgewasDr.DavidB．Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954andopenedtothepublicin1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoLocatedinArizona,thisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927,endingtwoyearslater,costing$390,000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1．WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itconsistsoftwobridges.B．Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C．Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Ittakesabout4yearstopletetheconstruction.答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。2．Whichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliest?A．GoldenGateB．BrooklynC．GeorgeD．Navajo答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。由题干关键词“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。3．WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridge?A．Havetopaysomemoney.B．Usethesecondbridge.C．Covernearly250meters.D．SeethestatueofDr.DavidB．Steinman.答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。BChinesepapercuttingor"jianzhi"istheartofcuttingpaperdesigns,andthecutoutsarealsousedtodecoratedoorsandwindows,sotheyaresometimescalled"chuanghua".PapercuttinghaslongbeenasymbolofEasterncharm.Therearesymmetrical(对称的)designsthatareusuallycreatedbysomefoldingandcutting.Whenunfolded,itformsasymmetricaldesign.Chinesecutoutsarenormallysymmetricalandareusuallyinanevennumberseriesof2,4,24,etc.Theoldestsurvivingpapercutoutisasymmetricalcirclefromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China.Fromthe7thto13thcentury,papercuttingbecamepopularespeciallyduringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe14thcentury.ThroughouttheQingDynastymanypapercuttingskillsweredevelopedincludingdraftingandtheuseofsmokedpapers.BytheendoftheQingruling,however,papercuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.TheRepublicofChinalatertriedtoToday,papercutoutsarechieflydecorative.Theydecoratewalls,windows,doors,columns,mirrors,lampsandlanternsinhomesandarealsousedonpresentsoraregivenasgiftsthemselves.Entrancesdecoratedwithpapercutoutsaresupposedtobringgoodluck.Papercutoutsusedtobeusedaspatterns,especiallyforembroidery(刺绣).Therearetwomethodsofmanufacture:oneusesscissors,theotherusesknives.Inthescissormethod,severalpiecesofpaper—uptoeight—arefastenedtogether.Theimageisthencutwithsharp,pointedscissors.Knifecuttingsarefashionedbyputtingseveralpaperonarelativelysoftfoundationconsistingofamixtureofoilandashes.Skilledcrafterscanevencutoutdifferentdrawingsfreelywithoutstopping.1.Whencantheexistingoldestpapercuttingdatebackto?A.about1500yearsago. B.about1600yearsago.C.about1400yearsago. D.about600yearsago.2.Theunderlinedword"revive"inParagraph3canbereplacedby"_______".A.survive B.restore C.copy D.fix3.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestsummarizethelastparagraph?A.History. B.Origin. C.Uses. D.Process.4.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.Paper—theEasternCharmB.TheHistoryofPaperCuttingC.ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCuttingD.PaperCutting—UnbelievableSkilledCrafters【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。中国的剪纸艺术源远流长，距今已有1500多年的历史。如今的剪纸主要用于装饰。剪纸过程简单但具有一定的文化特色。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的首句中的关键信息"Theoldestsurvivingpapercutout...fromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China"可知，该艺术始于六世纪早期，即500年左右，故用2017年减去500年，即可推知距今约1500年。3.D【解析】段落大意题。最后一段介绍了剪纸的两种方法，具体使用什么工具和怎样操作。由此可推知本段讲的是剪纸的过程，故用process概括此段较为合适。4.C【解析】标题归纳题。全篇从中国剪纸艺术的历史、用途以及过程等全方位阐述了PaperCutting，故用ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCutting作为文章标题最合适。二、七选五Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.1Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.2Betweentheagesofabout12and50,womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility(生育能力).Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.3Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygersicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.4Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency(倾向)toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.5A.However,

women,

on

average,

live

longer.B.The

biological

factor

plays

an

important

part.C.

Women

are

also

helped

by

their

female

genes.D.

The

female

hormones

also

protect

the

body

in

another

way.E.

Recent

research

seems

to

support

both

of

these

possibilities.F.

Therefore,

women

are

more

healthy

than

men

and

can

live

a

better

life.G.

Hormones

are

chemicals

which

are

produced

by

the

body

to

control

carious

body

functions.【语篇解读】本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因。1.A根据空格下一句＂一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年＂可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选A。2.G根据空格上句＂男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久＂可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质。故选G。3.D根据下句＂它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染＂可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选D。5.E根据空格前两句＂一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向＂可知E项＂最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能＂符合题意。故选E。三、短文改错(2018·山东六校联考)ThedaybeforeMother'sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.However,Iwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay,soIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,whatwereveryuseful,andIreaditcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother,however,Ihadthefeelthatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.答案：ThedaybeforeMother'sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwaseq\o(∧,\s\do14(the))mostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerseq\o(were,\s\do14(was))whatmoststudentswoulddo.However,Iwantedtodosomethingeq\o(differently,\s\do14(different)).AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay,Idecidedtocallherandeq\o(sent,\s\do14(send))hermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,eq\o(what,\s\do14(which))wereveryuseful,andIreadeq\o(it,\s\do14(them))carefully.WhenIcalledmymother,however,Ihadtheeq\o(feel,\s\do14(feeling))thatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveeq\o(in,\s\do14(up))andjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhereq\o(to,\s\do14(for))allshehaddoneforme.四、语法填空MusicfestivalsarepopularacrossAfrica.ButthisseemssomethingfewwouldhaveimaginedpossibleinGoma.Foryears,thecity1(link)towars.Theyoungpeopleweretiredofyearsof2(violent),andayouthgroupsetouttoorganizeamusicfestival3peaceintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.Theydecidedtoholdtheeventinthe4(east)cityofGoma.Theirfirstattemptin2013wascancelled5Gomacameunderattack.Butlastyear,25,000peoplecametothecitytoheartheirfavoriteartistsplay.Andthisyear,someofAfrica’stopmusiciansdecidedtoattend.Thecrowdcheered6HabibKoitearrivedforhisperformance.Thesmokemachinesfiredup.Some