2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3TheinternetSectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking学案含解析新人教版必修第二册

PAGEUNIT3THEINTERNET互联网的利与弊Withthedevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,thecomputerhasbeenbecomingthenecessityforpeopleinthe21stcentury.Following,networkisofcloselinkwithourlife,bringingusincomparableconvenienceonourlifeandwork.Throughthenetwork,wecansearchforusefuldataandgettoknowthecurrentevents.Whenyouplaycomputergamesafteralong­timework,itcanrelieveyourpressureandmakeyoufeelrelaxed.Besides,playingonlinegamesisnotallbad,foritcanfulfillstudents'entertainingrequestsaswellaspractisetheirresponseability.However,therestillexistssomedisadvantagesinthenetwork.Theradiationfromthecomputerwilldoharmtopeople'shealthifyoukeeponwatchingthecomputerforalongtime.Andshortsightmaybecausedbyitforyoureyesstaytense.Atpresent,therearetoomanygamesontheInternet,butsomeofthemarenotofgoodqualityandevencontainsomeunhealthycontentlikeviolenceandsoon.Duetothelackofrecognizingsocietyandself­protectionawareness,somestudentsgetaddictedinthegamesandonlinedating.Infact,networkisnotthathorrible,aslongasweknowmoreaboutit,itwillbecomeourrighthandonourstudies.Let'sbuildacleannetworkworldtogether.开启欢乐学习之旅随着科技的发展，电脑在二十一世纪成了人们必要的用品。随之而来，网络与我们的生活休戚相关，给现代人的生活、工作带来了无与伦比的便利。通过网络，我们能查寻有用的资料，了解时事动态等。当你工作了很长时间后去玩电脑嬉戏，它可以减缓你的精神压力，放松你的心情。并且，上网玩嬉戏也不完全是坏事，因为学生玩嬉戏可以熬炼手、脑的反应实力，满意学生消遣须要。但是网络也有弊。长时间看电脑，电脑发出的辐射对人体有很大的害处，眼睛长期处于惊慌状态简洁造成近视。现在的电脑嬉戏众多，某些电脑嬉戏粗制滥造，甚至含有暴力等不健康内容。有的学生由于对社会相识不足和自我爱护意识缺乏，沉迷网络嬉戏，网络交友。事实上，网络并不行怕，只要我们面对网络时多一些相识，网络就会成为我们学习上的有利助手。让我们一起创建一个干净的网络世界吧。模块核心素养导航SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重点单词1．blogn．博客vi.写博客→bloggern．博客作者；博主2．enginen．引擎；发动机；火车头→engineern．工程师3．chatvi.闲聊；闲聊→WeChatn．微信4．streamvt.流播(不用下载干脆在互联网上播放音视频)；流出vi.流淌n.小河；溪流5．identityn．身份；特性→identicaladj.相同的，一样的→identifyvt.确定；辨别→identificationn．身份证明6．convenientadj.便利的；近便的→conveniencen．便利；便利7．cashn．现金；金钱8．updatevt.更新；向……供应最新信息n．更新；最新消息9．databasen．数据库；资料库10．softwaren．软件→hardwaren．硬件11．networkn．(互联)网络；网状系统；人际网vt.将……连接成网络；联播vi.建立工作关系12．stuckadj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)→stickv．刺；插入；粘贴n.枝条；棍状物13．surfvt.&vi.阅读；冲浪→surfingn14．benefitn．好处vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的，有用的15．distancen．距离→distantadj.遥远的16．inspirevt.鼓舞；激励；启发思索→inspirationn．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的17．accessn．通道；(运用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会vt.进入；运用；获得→accessibleadj.可利用的，可获得的18．charityn．慈善；慈善机构(或组织)19．toughadj.艰难的；严厉的20．provincen．省21．conferencen．会议；研讨会；正式会谈22．residentn．居民；(美国的)住院医生adj.(在某地)居住的→residencen．居处；住房；(尤指)宅第，豪宅；居住；定居23．plusconj.而且；此外n．加号；优势prep.加；另加Ⅱ.重点短语1．blogpost博文；博客帖子2．searchengine(互联网上的)搜寻引擎3．identitycard身份证4．keepsb.company陪伴某人5．nowthat既然；由于6．gothrough经验；度过；通读7．beinterestedin对……感爱好8．lookfor找寻9．morethan不仅仅；超过；特别10．lookup(在书中)查找；(形势)好转；探访(某人)11．bytheway顺便问一下12．nolonger不再13．outofwork失业14．afterawhile过了一会儿15．payfor买……；为……交款；为……付出代价16．applyfor申请17．takecareof照料；抚养18．togetherwith和……一起19．makesure确定地，确定地20．raisemoneyfor为……筹集资金Ⅲ.重点句型1．TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.有多数的文章告知我们互联网如何使我们的生活更便利。2．Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimageswheneverweneedthem.我们可以下载软件、文档和图像，无论何时我们须要它们。3．Atage50，shefoundherselfout_ofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。4．Shealsojoinedanonlinegroupwhereshecouldtalkaboutherproblemsandgetsupportandadvicefromothers.她还加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以谈论自己的问题，并从他人那里得到支持和建议。5．ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputersandtheInternet.她受到网友的启发，确定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人学习如何运用电脑和互联网。6．Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.由于他工作并能照看自己，他女儿有时间在高校学习了。7．ShebelievesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.她认为，消退数字鸿沟、确保每人都能运用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是特别重要的。1chatvi.闲聊；闲聊[典型例句]Mykidsspendhourschattingonthephonetotheirfriends.我的几个孩子在电话中和挚友闲聊一聊就是几个小时。He'sbeenonthecomputerallmorning,chattingwithhisfriends.他整个上午都在上网和挚友闲聊。[思维拓展]chataboutsth.闲聊某事chatwithsb.与某人闲聊chatwithsb.aboutsth.与某人聊某事[即学即练]Allthewaywewerechatting(chat)，singingandlaughing，enjoyingthefreshairandthebeautifulscenery.2eq\a\vs4\al(identityn.身份；特性)[典型例句]Thepolicearetryingtofindouttheidentityofthemankilledintheaccident.警方正在设法查明事故中死者的身份。[思维拓展]identicaladj.相同的，一样的identifyvt.确定；辨别identificationn．身份证明[巧学妙记]ident(＝thesame同一)＋­ity(表示性质)→[根义]与……的同一性→[多义]本身；本体；身份[即学即练]Therearenotwoidentical(identity)fingerprints(指纹)intheworld.3eq\a\vs4\al(convenientadj.便利的；近便的)[典型例句]Pleasecomewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.你便利的时候请随时来。Ourhouseisconvenientfortheshops.我们家到商店很便利。Willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow?你明天起先工作便利吗？[思维拓展]beconvenienttosb.对某人便利ifitisconvenienttosb.假如某人便利的话beconvenientforsth.近便的，简洁到达的Itisconvenienttodosth.做某事便利Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.做某事对某人来说是便利的留意：convenient不能以人作主语conveniencen．便利；便利；厕所Thereisapublicconvenienceonthecornerofthestreet.在街道的拐角处有一个公共厕所。forconvenience为了便利atone'sconvenience在某人便利时atyourearliestconvenience尽早toone'sconvenience对某人便利(合适)It'sagreatconveniencetodo...做某事很便利conveniencefood便利食品Ikeptmyreferencebooknearmydeskforconvenience.我把参考书放在书桌旁用着便利。Comebytopickmeupatyourconvenience.在你便利的时候，请来接我。Pleasedeliverthegoodsatyourearliestconvenience.请尽早送货。It'sagreatconveniencetoliveinabigcity.住在大城市很便利。[即学即练](1)WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,manyindividualsfavouronlineshoppingbecauseitismore_convenient(convenient)andcansavetime.(2)Studentsthinkitisextremelyconvenientforthemto_communicate(communicate)withtheoutsideworldusingmobilephones.4eq\a\vs4\al(benefitn.好处vt.使受益vi.得益于)[典型例句]Thenewcreditcardswillbeofgreatbenefittoourcustomers.新的信用卡将对我们的客户特别有益。Weshouldspendthemoneyonsomethingthatwillbenefiteveryone.我们应当把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。I'msureyou'llbenefitgreatlyfromthevisit.我信任，这次访问你将获益匪浅。[思维拓展]beofbenefit(tosb.)(对某人)有益forsb.'sbenefit为帮助某人；为某人的利益Abenefit(s)BA对B有益Abenefit(s)from/byBA从B中获益beneficialadj.有益的；有帮助的bebeneficialto...对……有益[即学即练](1)Thenewhospitalwillbenefittheentirecommunity.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。(2)Ibenefitedmuchfrommyfather'sadvice.我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。(3)Moderateexercisewillbeof_much_benefit_toyou.适度运动对你有许多好处。(4)Shewenttherefor_the_benefit_ofherhealth.她为了健康而去了那里。5eq\a\vs4\al(distancen.距离)[典型例句]Wecanseethemountaininthedistance.我们从远处就可以看到那座山。Nightfell.Thehillsinthedistanceturneddarkblue.夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。Seenatadistance,thepicturelooksmorebeautiful.从远处看，那幅画看起来更美。WhatisthedistancetoLondon?到伦敦有多远？[思维拓展]inthedistance在远处；在远方at/fromadistance稍远处；隔一段距离atadistanceof在距……的地方keepone'sdistancefrom...＝keep...atadistance与……保持距离/疏远distantadj.遥远的；冷淡的Icanseeyouatadistanceof10metres.在10米远的地方，我能看到你。Itishardtoknowherwellbecauseshealwayskeepsothersatadistance.很难了解她，因为她总是和别人保持着距离。Isawsomethinginthedistance.我看到远处有东西。[即学即练](1)Idon'tknowthedistance(距离)fromBeijingtoShanghai.(2)Thehospitalisnot_distant(不远)atall.(3)Theoilpaintinglooksbetterat/from_a_distance(远看起来)．(4)In_the_distance(从远处)，Iwouldseethemwavingtheirhands.6eq\a\vs4\al(inspirevt.鼓舞；激励；启发思索)[典型例句]Herworkdidn'texactlyinspiremewithconfidence.她的工作并没有真正地使我产生信念。Heinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport.他激励了许多年轻人参加这项运动。Anartistwhowasinspiredbythescenepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.一位受这一情景启发的艺术家画下了这幅漂亮的画。[思维拓展]inspiresb.withsth.(＝inspiresth.insb.)激起某人的……inspiresb.todosth.激励某人做某事inspirationn．[U]灵感；鼓舞inspiredadj.品质优秀的；实力卓越的inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的[即学即练](1)Hisencouragingremarksinspired(inspire)confidenceinme.(2)Theruletoofferfreetrainingtoyoungcollegestudentsseemsinspiring(inspire)．7accessn.通道；运用、查阅、接近或面见的机会vt.进入；运用；获得[典型例句]Onlyhighofficialshadaccesstothepresident.只有高级官员才可以面见总统。Youcaneasilygetaccesstohim.你很简洁见到他。Thecourtgavehimaccesstohischildatweekends.法庭准许他周末看看孩子。[思维拓展]have/get/gainaccessto拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入give(sb.)accessto接见；准许(某人)运用accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可运用的(通常作表语)beaccessibleto可接近……，能进入……[即学即练]Thevillagershaveaccesstothecleanrivernearby.8eq\a\vs4\al(toughadj.艰难的；严厉的)[典型例句]Hehasbeenlivingatoughlifelately.他最近的生活始终很艰难。Don'tbetootoughonhim；heisonlyachildafterall.不要过于难为他；终归他只是个孩子。Heseemstobethetoughestofallthechildren.他好像是全部孩子中最健壮的。[思维拓展]toughon/withsb./sth.对某人(事)严厉haveatoughtime(ofit)日子很难受[即学即练]Itisabouttimethatthepolicemenstartedtogettough(toughly)withbullies.考点集训一单句语法填空1．ItisconsiderateofMarytosetupaWeChatgroup,throughwhichalmostalltheclassmatescanspendsometimechatting(chat),sothatwecankeepintoucheasily.2．Ifitisconvenient(convenience)foryou,let'smeetat8：30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.3．BacheletsayssheselecteditforconvenienceandIobservethatitisalsocheap.4．Sunshineandfreshairareofbenefittoyourrecoveryfromillness.5．What'smore,ridingbicyclesisagoodwayforustoexerciseanditisbeneficial(benefit)toourhealth.6．IsawacarinthedistanceandjumpedupasIrecognizedthecar.7．Thatafternoonwesawlandatadistanceof10milesfromus.8．Herfatheradvisedhertokeepherdistancefromthatfellow.9．Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirations(inspire)forgreatinventions.10．TheNankaiSecondarySchoolLibraryisaccessible(access)onlyifyouhaveaStudentCardofNankai.11．Kidsshouldn'thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymightimitatethethingstheysee.1eq\a\vs4\al(morethan不仅仅；超过；特别)[典型例句]AkiraNagataismorethanascientist，heisalsoapoet.永田明不仅仅是位科学家，还是位诗人。[思维拓展]morethan的用法修饰名词时，表示“不仅仅，不止(＝notonly)”。Bambooisusedformorethanbuildings.竹子不仅仅用于建筑。后接数字，表示“超过；多于”。Morethan70percentofourplanetiscoveredbywater.我们的星球有70%以上被水覆盖。修饰形容词、副词、动词、分词或句子时，起加强语气的作用，表示“特别”。Theyweremorethangladtohelp.他们特别乐意帮忙。more...than...与其说……倒不如说……；比……更……Sheismorelazy(不用lazier)thanunintelligent.与其说她不聪慧倒不如说她懒散。[即学即练]Heismorethanhappytoday.2eq\a\vs4\al(lookup在书中查找；形势好转；探访某人)[典型例句]Thingsarelookingup!状况正在好转！Ioftenlookupthenewwordsinthedictionary.我常常在词典中查生词。Dolookmeupthenexttimeyou'reinLondon.你下一次到伦敦，确定来看我。[思维拓展]lookafter照料；照看lookahead展望将来lookaround环顾；四下看lookat看；检查lookbackon回忆lookdownupon瞧不起lookinto调查；审查[即学即练]WhenIlookbackon2024，Iamproudofwhatwehaveachieved.3eq\a\vs4\al(nolonger不再)[典型例句]Thiswordisnolongerinuse.(＝Thiswordisnotinuseanylonger.)这个词现在已经不再运用了。Shecouldnolongerfindherbluedress.(＝Shecouldnotfindherbluedressanylonger.)她再也找不到她那条蓝色的裙子了。留意：nolonger通常用于行为动词之前、be动词之后。[易混辨析]nolonger,nomore等与live,work,stay,support等持续性动词连用，强调过去的状况不再持续，用nolonger,not...anylonger或not...anymore均可，但不行用nomore；强调数量、程度或做某事的次数削减，用nomore或not...anymore，一般与come,go,stand,visit等非持续性动词连用。Shenolongerliveshere.＝Shedoesn'tlivehereanylonger/more.她不在这儿住了。(强调过去的状况不再持续)Hestillsmokes,buthedrinksnomore/doesn'tdrinkanymore.他还抽烟，但不再喝酒了。(强调动作的次数削减)[即学即练]Hedidn'tsmokeanylonger(long)aftertheoperation.4outofwork失业[典型例句]They'reoutofworkandhavetostayathomenow.他们现在失业了，不得不待在家里。Lifewasveryhardsincebothofthemwereoutofwork.他们两个都失业了，生活特别困难。[思维拓展]outofemployment失业loseone'sjob失业[即学即练]IwasworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeoutofwork.

5eq\a\vs4\al(keepsb.company陪伴某人)[典型例句]I'llkeepyoucompanywhileyou'rewaiting.你等待时我会陪着你。[思维拓展]forcompany陪着；陪伴incompanywithsb.与某人一起Hewillgowithustotheairportforcompany.他将陪我们去机场。Shearrivedincompanywiththecaptain.她与船长一起到达。[即学即练]MysisterhascomefromAmericatokeepme(I)companyduringmyillness.6eq\a\vs4\al(payfor买……；为……交款；为……付出代价)[典型例句]Ofcoursewehavetopayforwhatwebuy.我们买东西当然得付钱。Ifyoudon'tworknow,you'llpayforitlaterwhenyoufailyourexams.你现在不好好学，当你考试不及格时就会为此而付出代价。[思维拓展]payoff得到好结果；取得胜利；全部偿还；还清paymoneyforsth.付钱买……payback还钱，偿还；报复Didyourplanpayoff?你的安排胜利了吗？Hepaidmebackbynotcoming.他以不出现的方式报复了我。留意：payoff表示“得到回报”时，没有被动语态，以事作主语；而payback要以人作宾语，表示向某人进行报复。[即学即练](1)Herparentspaid_forhertogotoCanada.她父母出钱送她去加拿大。(2)Theytookahellofariskbutitpaid_off.他们冒了很大的风险，但事情胜利了。7eq\a\vs4\al(applyfor申请；请示得到)[典型例句]Youmayapplyforticketsinpersonorbyletter.需票者可亲自来申请亦可来信索取。[思维拓展]applyv．应用；运用；申请；恳求applytosb./sth.适用于某人或某物applysth.tosth.把某物应用于某物applytosb.for向某人申请applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专注于；用心做某事Whatyousaiddoesn'tapplytome.你所说的并不适合我。Theyhadtoapplytothemediaforhelp.他们只好向媒体恳求帮助。[即学即练]Therulesofsafetydrivingapplytoeveryone，becauselifeisthemostimportant.8takecareof照料；抚养[典型例句]ShepromisedtotakecareofmychildrenwhileIwasaway.她答应在我不在时会照看我的孩子的。We'veaskedmymothertotakecareofthekidswhilewe'reaway.我们已请我母亲在我们外出时照看孩子。Youcanborrowmycameraifyoupromisetotakecareofit.只要你答应把我的照相机保管好就可以借去用。[思维拓展]careabout关切；顾虑，在乎carefor喜爱；情愿；关切，爱惜；照看takecare当心；当心withcare当心地Don'tyoucareaboutourcountry'sfuture?莫非你不为国家的将来担忧吗？Hespentyearscaringforhissickmother.他数年中始终在照看生病的母亲。[即学即练]YuanLongpingisafamousscientistwhodoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.9eq\a\vs4\al(togetherwith和……一起；连同)[典型例句]Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.这位老师连同几个学生正在参观这家工厂。Hesentmethebook，togetherwithaletter.他把书寄给我，还附上了一封信。[思维拓展]主语后面接有togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，except，besides等修饰语时，谓语动词仍与主语保持一样。She，alongwithhermotherandbrother，wasworkingatthesamefactory.她连同她妈妈和弟弟，都在同一家工厂工作。[即学即练]He,alongwithhisfriends，is(be)togocamping.10eq\a\vs4\al(gothrough经验；度过；通读)[典型例句]Howdoesshekeepsmilingafterallshe'sgonethrough?她经验了这一切后怎么还能保持笑容？Someofthestudentshadgonethroughhardshipsbeforetheyenteredtheuniversity.有些高校生在进入高校之前经验过艰苦的生活。[思维拓展]breakthrough冲破getthrough完成，通过livethrough活过……lookthrough阅读cutthrough穿过putthrough接通电话goafter追求；追逐goby过去；消逝goon(with)发生；接着下去goagainst不利于；违反；反对goup上升；上涨goover复习；重温；细致检查goout熄灭；过时；出去[即学即练]Ihadtogothroughalotofdifficultiestobecomestrongenoughtosolveit.考点集训二单句语法填空1．Formany，fishingismorethanasport；itisanart.2．Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand，lookthemupinadictionary.3．Tohiswife'ssurprise，hehasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear.4．Therewasalmostnowind—onlytheflamesofourfireforcompany.5．Ipaidhim20yuanfortheT­shirt.6．Thestatemustcareforthefamiliesofsoldierskilledinthewar.7．InordertoprovethatIcouldtakecareofmyself,Iwashedmyownclothesthesecondafternoon,thoughIcouldwaitforMothertodoit.8．CouldIapplyforthejobformylittlebrother?9．MyfriendAnn，togetherwithme，is(be)goingtodofieldstudy.10．Beingawinnerdoesn'tmeanyou'llalwaysgeteverythingyouwant，butitdoesmeanyou'llgoafteryourgoalsinwaysthatarereliable.1TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.有多数的文章告知我们互联网如何使我们的生活更便利。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Therearecountlessarticles；tellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词articles，其中又包含了how引导的宾语从句。(2)tellingushowtheInternet...为现在分词短语作定语修饰前面的名词articles，表示它与articles之间存在主谓关系。[易混辨析]现在分词和过去分词都可用作定语，它们的区分有两点：①现在分词表示分词与所修饰的名词或代词之间存在主谓关系，过去分词表示分词与所修饰的名词或代词之间存在动宾关系。如：IlikebookswrittenbyZhangAiling.我喜爱张爱玲写的书。(write与books之间为动宾关系)Doyouknowthewomanwearingapairofglasses?你相识那个戴眼镜的妇女吗？(thewoman与wear之间为主谓关系)②现在分词意为“令人……的”，表示被修饰的人或物给别人的感受；过去分词意为“……的”，强调被修饰的人自身的感受。如：We'resurprisedattheastonishingnews.这条令人震惊的消息使我们大吃一惊。(表示消息令人震惊)Didyounoticethepuzzledexpressiononhisface?你留意到他脸上困惑的表情了吗？(表示他很困惑)[即学即练]Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten(write)．2Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimageswheneverweneedthem.我们可以下载软件、文档和图像，无论何时我们须要它们。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimages；后面是whenever引导的时间状语从句。(2)whenever引导状语从句whenever常用来引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句。eq\x(whenever)—eq\b\lc\[\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\x(引导时间状语从句时，意为“每当”),\x(\a\al(引导让步状语从句时，意为“无论何时”，,相当于nomatterwhen))))Whenevershecomes，shebringsapresent.她每次来都带个礼物。(时间状语从句)Whenever(＝Nomatterwhen)youdecidetogo，Iwillkeepyoucompany.无论你确定何时去，我都会陪你。(让步状语从句)[思维拓展]Wherever(＝Nomatterwhere)youare，youcan'tbehappywithoutafriend.无论你在哪儿，没有挚友就不会欢乐。(Wherever在此引导让步状语从句)However(＝Nomatterhow)difficultthetaskmaybe，Iwillfinishitontime.不管这项任务有多困难，我都将按时完成。(However在此引导让步状语从句)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.人们普遍认为，孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的。(whatever在此引导宾语从句)Whoeverleavestheroomatlastoughttoturnoffthelights.无论是谁最终离开房间都应当把灯关掉。(Whoever在此引导主语从句)[即学即练]推断下列句子中“特别疑问词＋­ever”引导的从句类型(1)Buthoweverlongittakes，thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities，forbetterorforworse，dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.让步状语从句(2)Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.宾语从句____(3)Ifyoufeedababywheneverheishungry，youwillhavelessdifficultywhentakingcareofhimlater.时间状语从句3Atage50，shefoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。(1)句式分析：这是一个简洁句。此句结构为“find＋宾语＋宾补”，outofwork和stuckathome是句子的宾语补足语，说明宾语herself的境况。withonlyhercomputertokeephercompany是“with＋名词＋todo”结构，在句中作stuck的伴随状语。(2)find的复合宾语结构find＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(过去分词,现在分词,副词,介词短语,形容词,名词))IfoundmylettertornintopiecesafterIopenedthedrawer.我打开抽屉发觉我的信被撕成了碎片。Oftenhefoundherquietlyweepingalone.他常常发觉她独自一人静静地流泪。Hefoundhisdooropenwhenhecameback.当他回来时，他发觉门开着。[即学即练](1)Whenhearrived，hefoundall_the_work_finished.当他到达时，他发觉全部的工作都已做完了。(2)Whenshewokeup，shefound_herself_lyinginhospital.当她醒来的时候，她发觉自己躺在医院里。(3)Wefindthe_story_very_interesting.我们发觉这个故事很好玩。(4)You'llfindit_a_difficult_book.你会发觉它是一本难懂的书。4Shealsojoinedanonlinegroupwhereshecouldtalkaboutherproblemsandgetsupportandadvicefromothers.她还加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以谈论自己的问题，并从他人那里得到支持和建议。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Shealsojoinedanonlinegroup，后面是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词group。(2)where引导从句的用法从句类型where的语法功能从句的语法功能地点状语从句where为从属连词，引导从句，并在从句中作地点状语。表示主句谓语动词所表示的动作发生的地点。定语从句where为关系副词，引导从句，并在从句中作地点状语。整个从句作定语，修饰先行词。名词性从句where为连接副词，引导从句，并在从句中作地点状语。整个从句相当于一个表示地点的名词。Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingbutruinsayearago.许多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方耸立起来。(where引导地点状语从句)ThebookshopwhereIboughtthisbookisnotfarfromhere.我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。(where引导定语从句)Whereweshallspendourholidaythissummerhasnotbeendecided.我们今年夏天将在哪里度假还没有定下来。(where引导主语从句)[即学即练](1)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch，whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.(2)LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad，JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.(3)Inthestory，whattheoldman'ssonswantedtoknowwaswherethegoldhadbeenhidden.5ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputersandtheInternet.她受到网友的启发，确定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人学习如何运用电脑和互联网。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。该句运用了so...that...句型结构，其中的shemetonline是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰前面的名词thepeople。(2)so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，so是副词，that是连词，在句中引导结果状语从句。Shewassoangrythatshecouldn'tsayaword.她是如此生气，以至于她一句话都说不出来。Ourteamplayedsowellthatwewonthegame.我们的球队踢得很好，结果赢了竞赛。[思维拓展]so/such...that...常用的句型有：①so＋adj./adv.＋that从句Hestudiedsohardthathepassedtheimportantexam.他学习如此努力，结果通过了那次重要的考试。②so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句ItissointerestingabookthatIwanttobuyit.这是如此好玩的一本书，以至于我想把它买下来。③so＋many/few/much/little＋可数名词复数/不行数名词＋that从句ThereissomuchnoiseherethatIcan'thearyou.这里的噪音这么大，以至于我听不到你在说什么。④such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that从句ThisissuchanexpensivecarthatIcan'taffordtobuyit.这辆车如此贵，以至于我买不起。⑤such＋adj.＋不行数名词/可数名词复数＋that从句Itwassuchfineweatherthatwedecidedtogoonanouting.天气如此好，以至于我们确定去郊游。[即学即练](1)Heisso_clever_thathecananswerallthequestions.他很聪慧以至于他能回答全部问题。(2)TherearesomanyflowersthatIdon'tknowwhichIwillpick.(3)Peterwassoexcited(excite)whenhereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.6Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.由于他工作并能照看自己，他女儿有时间在高校学习了。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself是缘由状语从句，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity是主句。(2)nowthat既然，由于Nowthatthekidshavelefthomewe'vegotalotofextraspace.由于孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就更宽绰了。Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,you'dbetterhavearest.既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。[易混辨析]nowthat,because,since,as,fornowthat固定短语，意为“既然；由于”，引导缘由状语从句，that可以省略。because表示干脆的或为人所不知的缘由，语气最强。回答用why提问的问句。since意为“既然”，表示已知或共知的缘由，但并非干脆缘由。(可与nowthat互换)。as意为“由于”，表示自不待言或已为人所知的缘由。语气比because弱。for意为“因为”，并列连词，表示补充说明的理由。引导分句，不能置于句首。留意：类似although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用，当since,nowthat引导缘由状语从句时，主句前不能加so等连词。[译]既然你已经打算好了，我们现在可以走了。[误]Nowthatyouareready,sowecangonow.[正]Nowthatyouareready,wecangonow.[思维拓展]uptonow/untilnow到目前为止(every)nowandthen时常；时而[即学即练]一句多译既然你始终对中国文化感爱好，我认为北京语言高校对你来说是一个志向的地方。Since_you_have_long_been_interested_inChineseculture,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureNow_that_you_have_long_been_interested_inChineseculture,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCulture7ShebelievesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.她认为，消退数字鸿沟、确保每人都能运用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是特别重要的。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中从第一个that到句尾是that引导的宾语从句，作动词believes的宾语；makesure与前面的bridge并列，此处bridge是动词，意思是“架起桥梁、消退(隔阂)”；thateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology是that引导的宾语从句，作makesure的宾语，knows与前面的has并列。(2)makesure确定；确信；查明；弄清晰Imustgobackandmakesure(that)Iclosedthedoor.我必需回去确定我已关好了门。留意：makesure后一般不接不定式作宾语，后接名词时需加介词of/about；后接从句时，运用一般现在时态表示将来。[易混辨析]makesure/besuremakesure指“务必”“确保”将某事弄清晰。二者后面均可接of或about的短语。besure指某人对某事或对某种状况有把握，常意为“确信”。Ihavemadesurethatheishonest.我已了解清晰他是诚恳的。Iamsurethatheishonest.我信任他是诚恳的。[即学即练]Sydneypromisedherthathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforhertomakesureofherhappiness.考点集训三单句语法填空1．Theyarebuildingaroadleading(lead)tothemountains.2．Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.3．Sowheneverintrouble，justfaceitbravelyandyouaresuretomakeitsoonerorlater.4．Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.Whenvisitinganothercountry，youshouldbeawareofthosedifferencesandrespectthem.5．NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincluded(include)aswell.6．Withhishomeworkfinished(finish)，hismotherallowedhimtowatchTVforanhour.7．Tomissohonestaboythathenevertellsalie.8．Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.9．Withaguideto_show(show)usaroundthescenicspots,we'resuretohaveagoodtime.10．Withseveralproblemsremaining(remain)tobesolved,westillneededtoholdanothermeetingassoonaspossible.Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Hehadlosthisidentity(身份)cardandwasbeing