广东省湛江市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析

高二英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheGreenfieldNatureCenterintroducesanewinteractiveprogramaimedatdevelopingalovefornatureinyoungchildren.Theprogramisdesignedtoengagechildren’ssensesandcuriositythroughhands-onactivitiesandguidedexploration.SensoryExplorationActivitiesChildrenwillhavetheopportunitytotouchvariousnaturalmaterials,listentothesoundsofwildlife,andobservethecolorsofplantsandanimals.Theprogramincludesavarietyofeducationalgamesandcraftsthatteachchildrenaboutdifferentspecies,ecosystems,andtheimportanceofconservation.JuniorNaturalistOneofthehighlightsoftheprogramisthe“JuniorNaturalist”activity,wherechildrencanbecomejuniornaturalistsforaday,learningtoidentifylocalplantsandanimalsandunderstandingtheirrolesintheecosystem.Inaddition,theinteractivediscussionsbringwildlifetolife.FamilyNatureWalkTheprogramalsooffersa“FamilyNatureWalk”,whereparentsandchildrencanexplorethenaturetrailstogether,discoveringthebeautyanddiversityofthelocalenvironment.Expertguidesprovideinsightsintothenaturalworld,makingtheexperiencebothenjoyableandeducational.ProgramDetailsandRegistrationTheGreenfieldNatureCenter’sprogramisopentochildrenaged3to8andisfreeofcharge.Itrunsonselectedweekendsthroughouttheyear.Formoreinformationortoregister,pleasecontact212-555-1234.1.Whatcantheprogramofferthechildren?A.Anopportunitytolearnart. B.Achancetogetintonature.C.Anexperiencetoknowcustom. D.Anarrangementtofeedwildlife.2.Whatshouldthechildrendointhe“JuniorNaturalist”activity?A.Talkaboutwildlife. B.Growsomelocalplants.CWriteprofessionalreports. D.Tellstoriesaboutchildhood.3.Whichismentionedintheprogram?A.Agelimitation. B.Advancebooking.C.Relatedexperience. D.Parents’company.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文为应用文，介绍了格林菲尔德自然中心为儿童设计的互动自然探索项目，旨在通过各种活动培养孩子对大自然的热爱。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheGreenfieldNatureCenterintroducesanewinteractiveprogramaimedatdevelopingalovefornatureinyoungchildren.Theprogramisdesignedtoengagechildren’ssensesandcuriositythroughhands-onactivitiesandguidedexploration.(格林菲尔德自然中心引入了一个新的互动项目，旨在培养幼儿对自然的热爱。该项目旨在通过动手活动和引导探索来激发孩子们的感官和好奇心)”可知，该项目为孩子们提供了一个亲近自然的机会。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据JuniorNaturalist部分的“Oneofthehighlightsoftheprogramisthe‘JuniorNaturalist’activity,wherechildrencanbecomejuniornaturalistsforaday,learningtoidentifylocalplantsandanimalsandunderstandingtheirrolesintheecosystem.(该项目的亮点之一是“JuniorNaturalist”活动，孩子们可以成为一天的初级自然主义者，学习识别当地的植物和动物，并理解它们在生态系统中的角色)”可知，孩子们在“JuniorNaturalist”活动中应该讨论野生动物。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“TheGreenfieldNatureCenter’sprogramisopentochildrenaged3to8andisfreeofcharge.(格林菲尔德自然中心的计划针对3到8岁的儿童开放，并且免费)”可知，该计划中提到了年龄限制。故选A。BIn2014,myfather,Michael,wasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease,whichshockedthewholefamilyashewasonlyinhisforties.Ahusbandandfatherofthree,Dadhadasuccessfulcareerrunningapaintingstudioandwasalwaysextremelycreative.EvenintheadvancedstagesofParkinson’s,myfatherdecidedtokeeppainting.Inartlessons,theclasspractisedpaintingstilllifeobjects,likepears,butmyfatherhadotherideasforhisinspiration,beginningproducingabstractpieces,explainingithelpedustoseetheworlddifferently.Irealizedhewasright.Observingmyfather’sworks,Icouldinterpreteachoftheminmanyways.Outsideofwork,hespent15yearsleadingaband,MusicalChairs,whichperformedatthepubinSydney’sDoubleBayeachweek.WhenIbecameamother,hedevelopedaveryclosebondwithmydaughter,Portia.Evenafterhisdiagnosis,hispassionformusicremainedunwavering,andhisloveforPortiacontinuedtogrowstronger.Unfortunately,in2022,hewasdiagnosedwithkidneycancerandgivenjustthreemonthstolive.Asmonthsturnedtoyears,myfatherseemedawalkingmiracle,buthishealthwassuffering.Knowingthathewantedtosharehispaintingswiththeworld,Idecidedtoorganizeanexhibitionforhim.Bythenhehadpainted660works.Ihadn’tdoneanythinglikethisbefore.WhenIwasyounger,myfatheralwaystoldme“Justsayyesandthenworkouthowtodoitlater”,soIfiguredthisphilosophywouldguidemethrough.SoinOctoberlastyear,wewelcomedthepublicto“MyKidsCouldDoThat”,myfather’sfirstpublicshowing,heldattheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliainSydney.Everyonelovedhisworks.IwasthrilledtoseeDadhadfoundtheconfidencetocallhimselfanartistatlast.Hiseyeslitupwithpride,seeingthewallsfilledwithhisworks.I’vegotthreeofhispiecesinmyhomeandIcan’tbemoreproudofwhathehasachieved.4.WhatwasMichael’shobby?A.Running. B.Reading. C.Music. D.Photography.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMichael?A.Outgoingandpatient. B.Humorousandkind.C.Hardworkingandhonest. D.Creativeandstrong.6.WhatwasMichael’sexhibitionlike?A.Historic. B.Challenging. C.Impressive. D.Unattractive.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohonorherfather. B.Toproveherfather’sability.C.Toshowherpitytoherfather. D.Todescribeherfather’ssuffering.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲Michael在患病后，依然坚持热爱艺术的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Outsideofwork,hespent15yearsleadingaband,MusicalChairs,whichperformedatthepubinSydney’sDoubleBayeachweek.(工作之余，他花了15年时间领导一支名为MusicalChairs的乐队，该乐队每周都会在悉尼双湾的酒吧演出)”和“Evenafterhisdiagnosis,hispassionformusicremainedunwavering(即使在他被确诊后，他对音乐的热情仍然坚定不移)”可知，音乐是作者父亲的爱好。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inartlessons,theclasspractisedpaintingstilllifeobjects,likepears,butmyfatherhadotherideasforhisinspiration,beginningproducingabstractpieces,explainingithelpedustoseetheworlddifferently.(在美术课上，全班练习画静物，比如梨，但父亲对他的灵感有其他的想法，他开始创作抽象作品，并解释说这有助于我们以不同的方式看待世界)”可知，作者父亲有不同的灵感，创作与通常不同的抽象作品，可见他是富有创造力的。根据第二段中“EvenintheadvancedstagesofParkinson’s,myfatherdecidedtokeeppainting.(即使到了帕金森氏症的晚期，父亲还是决定继续画画)”和第四段中“Unfortunately,in2022,hewasdiagnosedwithkidneycancerandgivenjustthreemonthstolive.Asmonthsturnedtoyears,myfatherseemedawalkingmiracle(不幸的是，在2022年，他被诊断出患有肾癌，只剩下三个月的生命。几个月过去了，几年过去了，我父亲似乎是一个行走的奇迹)”可知，作者父亲坚持与疾病作斗争，可见他是坚强的。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“SoinOctoberlastyear,wewelcomedthepublicto“MyKidsCouldDoThat”,myfather’sfirstpublicshowing,heldattheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliainSydney.Everyonelovedhisworks.(所以在去年10月，我们欢迎公众来参观MyKidsCouldDoThat展，这是我父亲的第一次公开展览，在悉尼的澳大利亚当代艺术博物馆举行。每个人都喜欢他的作品)”可知，这个展览给人留下了深刻印象。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者的父亲Michael在患病后，依然坚持绘画和音乐创作的故事，展现了他的坚强和创造力，以及他对艺术的热爱。由此推知，作者写这篇文章是为了向她的父亲致敬。故选A项。CWhilemanyanimalpopulationsseemtobedwindling,onespeciesthatismovingintheoppositedirectionisAmerica’snativewoodstork(林鹳).ThewoodstorkistheonlystorkthatbreedsinNorthAmerica.In1984,itwasdeclaredanendangeredspeciesafteritspopulationfelltojust5,000matingpairs.Atthetime,scientistspredictedthatthebirdwouldbecompletelywipedoutby2000．Today,itnumbers10,000matingpairs,andUSFishandWildlifeServiceisproposingadeletionofthewoodstorkasanendangeredspecies.Sohowdidthepopulationbounceback?Thesuccessisinpartdowntotheresourcefulness(智谋)ofthewoodstork.Thewoodstork’snativehomewasintheEvergladesinFlorida,butitmigratednorthastheEvergladeswerebeingdestroyedbydevelopment.In1987,formerSavannahNationalWildlifeRefugebiologistJohnRobinettenoticedstorknestsinGeorgiaasstorkpopulationsmovedtosaferwetlands.AccordingtoStephanieKurose,aseniorpolicyspecialistattheCentreforBiologicalDiversity,theEndangeredSpeciesActisalsothekeyfactortothisrecovery.InanemailtoNationalPublicRadio,shesaid,“Theactsavedthewoodstorkandithelpedpreserveandrebuildvitalhabitatsthroughoutthesoutheast,whichhasimprovedwaterqualityandbenefitedcountlessotherspeciesthatcalltheareahome.”TheEndangeredSpeciesActhassavedmanyofthespeciesthatwereonthelistsince1973.Ahundredtypesofplantsandanimalshavebeendelisted(从表上剔除)astheirpopulationsbecomestableagain.Accordingtosomelocalenvironmentalists,ifthewoodstorkisdelistedinthefuture,itwillremainprotectedbyotherlawsandamonitoringplanwillbeputinplacetoensurethepopulationremainsstable.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindling”inparagraph1mean?A.Ageing. B.Dropping. C.Updating. D.Developing.9Howdidthescientistsfindwoodstork’ssituationin1984?A.Amazing. B.Satisfying. C.Worrying. D.Boring.10.Howmanyreasonsfortheincreaseofwoodstorkarementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.11.WhatcanweknowabouttheEndangeredSpeciesAct?A.Itisharmful. B.Itiscostly. C.Itisoriginal. D.Itiseffective.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了美国本土的林鹳数量的增长及其原因，以及提议将林鹳从濒危物种名单中除名的背景。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“onespeciesthatismovingintheoppositedirectionisAmerica’snativewoodstork(林鹳).(有一种物种正朝着相反的方向移动，那就是美国本土的木鹳)”以及第二段“Today,itnumbers10,000matingpairs,andUSFishandWildlifeServiceisproposingadeletionofthewoodstorkasanendangeredspecies.(如今，它的交配数量达到了1万对，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局正提议将木鹳从濒危物种中删除)”可知，许多动物种群数量在减少，而林鹳数量却在增加，由此推测“dwindling”意为“Dropping（减少），故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“In1984,itwasdeclaredanendangeredspeciesafteritspopulationfelltojust5,000matingpairs.Atthetime,scientistspredictedthatthebirdwouldbecompletelywipedoutby2000.”（1984年，在其种群数量下降到只有5000对之后，它被宣布为濒危物种。当时，科学家预测到2000年这种鸟会完全灭绝）可知，1984年科学家认为林鹳的情况非常令人担忧，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thesuccessisinpartdowntotheresourcefulnessofthewoodstork.（这种成功部分归功于林鹳的智谋）”以及第四段“AccordingtoStephanieKurose...theEndangeredSpeciesActisalsothekeyfactortothisrecovery.(根据StephanieKurose的说法……濒危物种法案也是这种复苏的关键因素)”可知，文中提到了两个林鹳种群增加的原因。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“TheEndangeredSpeciesActhassavedmanyofthespeciesthatwereonthelistsince1973.”（濒危物种法案自1973年以来拯救了许多濒临灭绝的物种。）可知，濒危物种法案是有效的。故选D。DTwoofthebiggestchallengesfacedbynewandpotentialelectricvehicle(EV)driversarerangeanxietyandthespeedofcharging.However,theseshouldn’thavetobechallengesatall.ThatisaccordingtoastudybyChalmersUniversityofTechnology,Sweden,andtheUniversityofDelaware,USA.Researchersdiscoveredthatachangeinrefuellingmindset(观念模式),ratherthanimprovingthesizeorperformanceofthebattery,couldbetheanswertotheseconcerns.Researchershavenowidentifiedthreedifferenttypesofbehaviouraroundrefuellingacar.Thefirstmodelisthemonitoringfuelgauge(测量仪器)model—thedriverrefuelswhenthefuelisrunningout.Thesecondmodelistheplanningatripmodel—thedriverplanswhenandwheretheywillstoptorefueltheirvehiclealongajourney.Thethirdmodelistheevent-triggeredmodel—thedriverautomaticallyplugsin(接通电源)assoonasarrivinghomeorwork.Thefirstmodelrepresentshowmostpeoplerefuelapetrolcar,andthethirdmodelisthebestforEVusage.ExperiencedEVusershavechosenaneventorlocationtotriggertheirplug-in;forexample,theywillautomaticallypluginwhentheycomehomeorgettowork,soitbecomespartoftheirmorningoreveningroutine,whichmakesitlessofachoretothinkaboutcharging.ThereisalotofemphasisonthetimeittakestochargeanEV,butifyoudoitovernight,itisjustthetimeittakestoplugitin.Inconclusion,formostpeople’severydaydriving,thenewstudyshowsthatyoudon’thavetothinktoomuchaboutchargingatall.Intermsofcost,itisalsoalotcheapertochargeslowlyovernightoratworkthanfastchargingonthego,anditisbetterforthehealthofthebattery.12.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostlikelytoreadthetext?A.Culture. B.Technology. C.Fashion. D.Health.13.WhatdoesthetextadviseEVdriverstodo?A.Monitorfuelgaugeoccasionally. B.Thinkaboutthespeedofcharging.C.ChargeEVsatnightorduringwork. D.Plantheirtripsaccordingtotheircars.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Abiggerbatteryisthebestsolutiontorangeanxiety.B.It’sdifficultfordriverstoremembertochargeEVs.C.Fastchargingismuchcheaperthanslowcharging.D.ChargingisnotaconcernforthosewantingtobuyEVs.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChoosingabetterEV B.Petrolcarsorelectriccars?C.Slowchargingorfastcharging? D.Changingyourrefuellingmindset【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过改变充电的观念模式来解决电动汽车驾驶员的后顾之忧。【12题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讨论了电动汽车驾驶员面临的挑战，如续航里程焦虑和充电速度，以及如何通过改变充电观念模式来解决这些问题。这些内容与科技有关。由此推知，我们最有可能在报纸的技术相关部分中阅读到这篇文章。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThereisalotofemphasisonthetimeittakestochargeanEV,butifyoudoitovernight,itisjustthetimeittakestoplugitin.(人们非常强调给电动汽车充电所需的时间，但如果你在晚上充电，那就只是插上电源所需的时间)”和最后一段中“Intermsofcost,itisalsoalotcheapertochargeslowlyovernightoratworkthanfastchargingonthego,anditisbetterforthehealthofthebattery.(在成本方面，夜间或工作时缓慢充电也比在旅途中快速充电便宜很多，而且对电池的健康更有利)”可知，在夜间或工作时给电动汽车充电有很多好处，文章建议驾驶员选择该方式充电。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Twoofthebiggestchallengesfacedbynewandpotentialelectricvehicle(EV)driversarerangeanxietyandthespeedofcharging.(新的和潜在的电动汽车(EV)驾驶员面临的两个最大挑战是里程焦虑和充电速度)”和最后一段中“Inconclusion,formostpeople’severydaydriving,thenewstudyshowsthatyoudon’thavetothinktoomuchaboutchargingatall.(总之，这项新研究表明，对于大多数人的日常驾驶来说，你根本不需要过多地考虑充电问题)”可推知，充电并不是那些想要购买电动汽车的人需要担心的问题。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Researchersdiscoveredthatachangeinrefuellingmindset(观念模式),ratherthanimprovingthesizeorperformanceofthebattery,couldbetheanswertotheseconcerns.(研究人员发现，改变充电观念模式，而不是提高电池的尺寸或性能，可能是解决这些问题的答案)”可知，文章主要是讨论如何通过改变充电观念模式来解决电动汽车驾驶员面临的挑战。由此可知，D项“改变你充电的观念模式”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Masteringnewvocabularyiscrucialforstudents,asitimprovestheirlanguageskillsandunderstandingoftheworld.Herearesomepracticalstrategiestohelpchildrenlearnnewwordseffectively.Establishastudyschedule____16____.Havingaconsistentstudyschedulehelpsinmakinglearningahabit.Thisroutinenotonlyimprovesfocusbutalsoensuresthatvocabularybuildingbecomesaregularpartofthechildren’sstudysessions.PracticewritingandrepetitionEncouragechildrentowritedownnewvocabularymanytimes.____17____.Additionally,havethemsaythewordsandtheirdefinitionsaloudtostrengthenlearningthroughhearingandverbalrepetition.____18____Helpchildrenunderstandhowtousenewwordsbycreatingsentencestogether.Usingwordsinsentencesprovidesclarity.Thisactivityhelpsthemseehowwordsfunctioninreal-lifecommunicationanddeepenstheirunderstandingofthewords’meaningsandusage.____19____.Graduallearningandreview____20____.Startwithafewwordsandgraduallyincreasethenumberastheybecomemoreconfident.Regularlyreviewpreviouslylearnedwordstoreinforce(加强)theirmemories.Byintegratingtheseskillsintochildren’sstudyroutine,youcanhelpthembuildastrongvocabularyfoundationthatwillsupporttheiracademicsuccessandloveforlearning.A.Usewordsinthecontext.B.Don’tgiveoutsomuchhomework.C.Takepartinmoreessaycompetitions.D.Writingwordsdowncanaidinspelling.E.Avoidexposingchildrentotoomanynewwordsatatime.F.Startbysettingasideaspecifictimeforstudyingwordseachday.G.Trytocreatedifferentsettingsforinterestingwordlearningexperiences.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助孩子有效学习新单词的方法。【16题详解】根据下文“Havingaconsistentstudyschedulehelpsinmakinglearningahabit.(有一个持续的学习时间表有助于使学习成为一种习惯)”可知，下文告诉我们应该有一个持续的学习时间表，F项意为“首先，每天留出一个特定的时间来学习单词。”，选项能够引起下文，每天留出一个特定的时间来学习单词，这有助于使学习成为一种习惯。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Encouragechildrentowritedownnewvocabularymanytimes.(鼓励孩子们多次写下新词汇)”可知，上文告诉我们要多书写新词汇，D项意为“把单词写下来有助于拼写。”，选项能够承接上文，我们要多书写新词汇，因为把单词写下来有助于拼写。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文“Helpchildrenunderstandhowtousenewwordsbycreatingsentencestogether.(帮助孩子理解如何通过组合句子来使用新单词)”可知，本段内容告诉我们通过造句帮助孩子们理解如何使用新单词，A项意为“在语境中使用单词。”，选项能够概括段落大意，“造句”就是在语境中使用单词的一种方法。故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Thisactivityhelpsthemseehowwordsfunctioninreal-lifecommunicationanddeepenstheirunderstandingofthewords’meaningsandusage.(这项活动帮助他们了解单词在现实生活中的作用，加深他们对单词含义和用法的理解。)”可知，在句中使用新单词可以加深孩子对单词含义和用法的理解，G项意为“尝试为有趣的单词学习体验创建不同的环境。”，选项能够承接上文，因为在生活中使用新单词有好处，那我们就尝试为有趣的单词学习体验创建不同的环境，同样讲语境帮助记忆单词的重要性。故选G。【20题详解】根据下文“Startwithafewwordsandgraduallyincreasethenumberastheybecomemoreconfident.(从几个单词开始，随着他们变得更加自信，逐渐增加数量)”可知，最初学新单词时不要太多，E项意为“避免让孩子一次接触太多新单词。”，选项能够引起下文，避免让孩子一次接触太多新单词，要随着他们变得更加自信，逐渐增加数量。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inabigcity,afamilyoffourhadfledtheirwar-tornhomelandwithonlytheclothesontheirbacks,seekingshelterinanewcountry.Theparents,____21____toprovideabetterlifefortheirchildren,facedenormous____22____upontheirarrival.Thefamily’sfirstdaysinthenewcitywerefilledwith____23____.Later,theytemporarilyreliedonthekindnessofstrangersandthefoodfromlocal____24____.Thechildren,____25____tothedifficultsituation,oftenwenttobedhungry,buttheirparentsneverletthemfeel____26____intheirstruggles.Oneday,akind-heartedneighborofferedthemawarmmeal.Thissimpleactof____27____broughttearstotheparents’eyesandasenseofhopetothefamily.Theneighbor____28____otherstosupportthefamilywithclothes,toys,andeventutoringforthechildren.Astimepassed,theparentsworkedtirelesslytolearnthelanguageand____29____stableemployment.Thefather,_____30_____withanaturalabilityinmechanics,foundworkatalocalgarage,whilethemotherbeganworkingasacleaner.Thechildren,inspiredbytheirparents_____31_____adaptedtotheirnewenvironment.Finally,thefamily’slivingconditions_____32_____,andtheymovedintoasmallbutcozyapartment.Thewallswerecoveredwithpaintingsdrawnbythechildren.Eachonewasa(n)_____33_____oftheirhopeforabetterfuture.Theparents,whoovercametheirinitial_____34_____,oftenreflectonthegenerosityofstrangersandthe_____35_____ofthecommunity.21.A.suitable B.hesitant C.uncertain D.determined22.A.chances B.mistakes C.challenges D.surprises23.A.hopelessness B.sweetness C.movement D.curiosity24.A.schools B.markets C.charities D.stores25.A.addicted B.devoted C.agreed D.subjected26.A.embarrassed B.alone C.thirsty D.tired27.A.generosity B.belief C.preference D.bother28.A.agreedwith B.calledon C.dependedon D.arguedwith29.A.designed B.provided C.found D.changed30.A.familiar B.busy C.satisfied D.gifted31.A.potentially B.slightly C.gradually D.abnormally32.A.improved B.combined C.approved D.faded33.A.deal B.reminder C.advocate D.warning34.A.projects B.regret C.failure D.struggles35.A.signal B.help C.impression D.interaction【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一家人逃离战乱，到他国寻求庇护的故事。这家人得到当地人帮助的同时，靠自己的努力改善了生活。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的父母决心为孩子们提供更好的生活，在他们到达后面临着巨大的挑战。A.suitable合适的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.uncertain不确定的；D.determined有决心的。根据前文“Inabigcity,afamilyoffourhadfledtheirwar-tornhomelandwithonlytheclothesontheirbacks,seekingshelterinanewcountry.”可知，这一家人逃离战乱，决心要给孩子更好的生活。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的父母决心为孩子们提供更好的生活，在他们到达后面临着巨大的挑战。A.chances机会；B.mistakes错误；C.challenges挑战；D.surprises惊喜。根据下文“Thechildren,____5____tothedifficultsituation,oftenwenttobedhungry,buttheirparentsneverletthemfeel____6____intheirstruggles.”可知，刚到达另外一个国家的时候，他们一家人面临巨大的挑战。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人在新城市的头几天充满了绝望。A.hopelessness绝望；B.sweetness愉快，美妙；C.movement运动；D.curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Later,theytemporarilyreliedonthekindnessofstrangers”及常识可知，刚到的前几天没有人认识，过得十分绝望。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他们暂时依靠陌生人善意和当地慈善机构的食物。A.schools学校；B.markets市场；C.charities慈善机构；D.stores商店。根据“thefoodfromlocal”可知，他们一家逃难前来，因此依靠当地的慈善机构吃饭。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些孩子们身处困境之中，经常饿着肚子上床睡觉，但他们的父母从未让他们在困境中感到孤独无助。A.addicted沉迷；B.devoted贡献；C.agreed同意；D.subjected使顺从。根据“tothedifficultsituation”可知，孩子们经受了很多困难，subjectto意思为：使遭受，经受。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些孩子们身处困境之中，经常饿着肚子上床睡觉，但他们的父母从未让他们在困境中感到孤独无助。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.alone独自的，孤独的；C.thirsty口渴的；D.tired劳累的。根据前文“buttheirparentsneverletthemfeel”可知，虽然遭受很多困难，父母从未让孩子们感到孤独。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的慷慨之举让父母热泪盈眶，也给这个家庭带来了希望。A.generosity慷慨；B.belief信念；C.preference偏爱；D.bother麻烦，困难。根据前文“Oneday,akind-heartedneighborofferedthemawarmmeal.”可知，好心的邻居给了这家人一顿饭，这是慷慨的举动。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：邻居号召其他人为这个家庭提供衣服、玩具，甚至为孩子们做家教。A.agreedwith同意；B.calledon拜访，呼吁；C.dependedon依靠；D.arguedwith与……争论。根据后文“otherstosupportthefamilywithclothes,toys,andeventutoringforthechildren.”可知，邻居还呼吁大家一起帮助这家人。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，父母不知疲倦地学习语言，并找到了稳定的工作。A.designed设计；B.provided提供；C.found发现，找到；D.changed改变。根据“Thefather,____10____withanaturalabilityinmechanics,foundworkatalocalgarage,whilethemotherbeganworkingasacleaner.”可知，父母努力学习，找到了工作。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有机械天赋的父亲在当地一家汽车修理厂找到了一份工作，而母亲则开始做清洁工。A.familiar熟悉的；B.busy忙碌的；C.satisfied满意的；D.gifted有天赋的。根据“withanaturalabilityinmechanics”可知，父亲有机械天赋。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：孩子们在父母的鼓舞下逐渐适应了新的环境。A.potentially潜在地；B.slightly稍微地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.abnormally反常地。根据前文“Thechildren,inspiredbytheirparents”及后文“adaptedtotheirnewenvironment”可知，看到父母如此积极生活，孩子们也受到鼓舞，逐渐适应了新环境。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，这家人的生活条件改善了，他们搬进了一间小而舒适的公寓。A.improved提高，改善；B.combined组合；C.approved同意；D.faded褪去。根据后文“andtheymovedintoasmallbutcozyapartment.”可知，他们搬进了一间公寓，说明生活条件改善了。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一张都提醒着他们对更美好未来的希望。A.deal交易；B.reminder提醒物；C.advocate提倡者；D.warning警告。根据前文“Thewallswerecoveredwithpaintingsdrawnbythechildren.”可知，他们将孩子们的画布置在墙上，这是对于他们美好未来的希望的提醒。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些父母克服了最初困难，他们经常反思陌生人的慷慨和社区的帮助。A.projects项目；B.regret后悔；C.failure失败；D.struggles奋斗，努力，难事。根据前文“Thechildren,____5____tothedifficultsituation,oftenwenttobedhungry,buttheirparentsneverletthemfeel____6____intheirstruggles.”可知，这家人刚开始来到时充满了艰难，而现在已经克服了。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些父母克服了最初的困难，他们经常反思陌生人的慷慨和社区的帮助。A.signal信号；B.help帮助；C.impression印象；D.interaction互动。根据上文“Theneighbor____8____otherstosupportthefamilywithclothes,toys,andeventutoringforthechildren.”可知，这家人经常反思陌生人的慷慨和社区的帮助。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Assummerturnstoautumn,theleavesofmanytreesturnyellowandfall,____36____sometreesholdontotheirleavesstraightthroughuntilspring.Scientistsdescribetreeswiththisunusualqualityasmarcescent(凋而不落的).Deciduous(落叶的)trees,suchasmaple,carryoutthefamiliar____37____(season)cycle.Newleavesbudinspring,maturethroughsummer,andthendieintheautumnandfall.Thinkofmarcescenttrees____38____aspecialcaseofdeciduoustrees—onethatskipsthatlaststep.Ratherthandroppingimmediately,theleavesofamarcescenttreehangonuntilwind____39____(eventual)knocksthemdown.Wesee____40____(example)ofmarcescenceintrees,suchassomewillowsandbeechtrees.Asfallapproaches,theleavesofabeechtreedie.Thentheyclingtotheirbranchtipandrattleinthecoldwindallwinterlong.Thereasonforthisoddplant____41____(behave)remainsunclear.Butscientistshavetheories.Marcescencemayhelpprotectagainsthungryherbivores(食草动物),forexample,deer.Duringwinter,foodisscarceandhungrydeereatnewbranchesofyoungtrees.Theunappetizingdeadleavesofmarcescenttreesmaystopdeer____42____(damage)thetrees.Anothertheoryisthatdeadleavesprovideaphysicalbarrierthatthedeermusteatupthedeadleaves____43____(reach)thejuicynewgrowthunderneath.Inaddition,studiessuggestthatmarcescencehelpscontrolhowquicklythoseleavesbreakdown,____44____mayinturnaffecttherateatwhichnutrientsarereturnedtothesoil.Therefore,marcescence_____45_____(play)asignificantroleinnutrientcyclingwithinecosystems.【答案】36.but##while37.seasonal38.as39.eventually40.examples41.behavior##behaviour42.damaging43.toreach44.which45.plays【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些树是凋而不落的，这在生态系统内的养分循环中起着重要作用。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：虽夏去秋来，许多树的叶子变黄并落下，而有些树的叶子一直保持到春天。本空前后句构成了转折关系，或者对比关系。因此此处要填连词but或while。故填but/while。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：落叶树木，如枫树，进行着我们熟悉的季节循环。cycle是名词，这里要用seasonal作定语来修饰。故填seasonal。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：我们可以把凋而不落的树看作是落叶树的一个特例——它们跳过了最后一步。thinkof…as…是常用结构，意为“把…….看作……”。故填as。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：凋而不落的树的叶子不会立即掉落，而是一直挂在树上，直到风最终把它们吹下。副词eventually来修饰动词knocks。故填eventually。40题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：我们在树木中看到凋而不落的的例子，例如一些柳树和山毛榉树。example是可数名词，根据后面的somewillowsandbeechtrees可知，这里指的是多个例子。用复数形式作宾语。故填examples。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：这种奇怪的植物行为的原因尚不清楚。名词behavior或behaviour作介词for的宾语。故填behavior/behaviour。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凋而不落的树的令人生厌的枯叶可能会阻止鹿对树木的破坏。stopsb/sthdoingsth是常见结构，意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”。故填damaging。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种理论是，枯叶提供了一个物理屏障，鹿必须吃掉枯叶才能到达下面多汁的新生长物。这里要用一个不定式来表示目的，因此本空应该填toreach。故填toreach.【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：此外，研究表明，凋而不落有助于控制这些叶子分解的速度，这可能反过来影响营养物质返回土壤的速度。这是个非限制性定语从句，它的先行词是howquicklythoseleavesbreakdown，作主语，因此关系代词为which。故填which。【45题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此凋而不落在生态系统内的养分循环中起着重要作用。本句在陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为marcescence，谓语为单数形式。故填plays。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校英语报正在举办征文比赛，请你以“HowtoAchieveSuccess”为题写一篇英语作文投稿，内容包括：1.你对成功的理解；2.你打算如何获得成功。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。HowtoAchieveSuccess____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:HowtoAchieveSuccessInmyopinion,successismorethanjustreachinghigh-levelachievements.Itisaboutfulfillingone’spotential,growingasanindividual,andmakingcontributionstosoc