翻译三级笔译实务分类模拟题4

翻译三级笔译实务分类模拟题4EnglishChineseTranslationEnglandandFranceareseparatedbytwenty-twomilesofopens（江南博哥）eaattheirclosestpoint.

1

AttemptstoswimtheEnglishChannelhavebeenmadebypeopleofallagesandfromvariouswalksoflife.Eachswimmerisdrawntothefamouschannelfordifferentreasons,buteachhasthesamegoal—toconquerthechannel.

TheEnglishChannelwasfirstcrossedin1875byMathewWebb,anEnglishman,whoswambreaststrokefromDover,England,toCalais,France.

2

Sincethen,over3,700peoplehavemadeapproximately4,500attemptsonthechannel.Only297people,however,havesuccessfullyduplicatedWebb'sremarkableachievement.

Coldwater,roughseas,strongcurrents,heavywindsandjellyfishareamongthemanyreasonswhythesuccessrateissolow.

Swimmersandescortcrewsmustwaitforperiodsofcalmseasandlightwinds,lasting10-20hours.

3

Muchtothefrustrationoftheathletesandtheircoachesandcrews,theweathermayonlycooperateafewdayseachyear.

Onceinthechannel,swimmersarealwaysatthemercyoftheelementssincetemperatures,windsandcurrentscanchangehoudy.

4

Quiteoften,luckandgoodtimingplayasimportantaroleinaswimmer'ssuccessasproperphysicaltrainingandmentalpreparation.

Channelswimmerscomeinallages,abilitiesandbackgrounds.

5

ButswimmingtheEnglishChannelwillalwaysbethesametoallitschallengers—anincredibleadventurethatteststhelimitofhumanendurance,courageandperseverance.1.

正确答案：不同年龄和不同职业的人都曾经试图游过英吉利海峡。游泳爱好者被吸引到这个著名的海峡来的原因各不相同，然而他们的目标是一致的——征服海峡。

2.

正确答案：从那时起，有3700多人进行了大约4500次横渡海峡的尝试，然而，只有297人成功地再现了韦布的惊人成就。

3.

正确答案：让运动员、教练员和护卫人员颇为泄气的是，一年当中老天爷乐意配合的日子只有几天。

4.

正确答案：运气的好坏和时机的选择对游泳者的成功所起到的作用常常和适当的体能训练和心理准备所起到的作用相当。

5.

正确答案：但是，游过英吉利海峡对所有的挑战者来说一直具有同样的意义——它是向人类的耐力、勇气和韧性的极限的挑战，是一次令人难以置信的冒险。

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theriseofindustrialisminthewestwasaccompaniedbyadeclineofreligionthatcannotbeseenasanaccidentalconcurrence.Andfromthenonthetrendaccelerates.Astheaveragemanbecomesmoreenabledtoliveincomfortablehouses,toescapemostofthechildhooddiseases,tocommunicaterapidlythroughtimeandspace,tomovelongdistanceswithease,hisperceptionofNatureundergoesastartlingalteration.

6

NolongerdoesNatureseemquitesoterrificandtreacherous;formanismuchlesslikelynowtostarveforwantoffoodorperishfromtheheatorcold.Hisrelationtotheotheranimalsandplantsappearsthicklyveiledbyairconditioning,frozenfoods,automobilesandwashingmachines.

7

Ithasbeensaidagainandagainthatmodernman'scomfortablelifeamidsttheconveniencesoftechnologyhascausedhimtosufferaspiritualdeathandtofeelempty,withoutpurposeanddirection.Andthatmaywellbethecase.Butneverthelessaradicaldistinctionmustbemadehere:theneedfortranscendenceexperiencedbymosthumanbeingspriortomoderntimeswasaverydifferentonefromwhatisclaimedtoexisttoday.

8

Foriftheconnectionbetweenthegrowthofindustryandthedeclineofreligionisarealone,theearlierspirituallivesappearasanescapefromman'svulnerablepositioninhisbattlewithNature.Itwasnotthatman'ssensitivenesstotheideaofthegoodandthebeautifulwasanymoredevelopedinpasthistory;rather,hisneedtoescapefromanintolerablephysicallifewasgreaterthanours.

WhenIspeakofman'spreviousneedfortranscendence,Idonotrefertotheneedsofgreatcreativepeople—artist,craftsmen—whocanneverbesatisfiedwiththestatus.

9

Ispeakofthemassesofpeoplewhosespiritualliveswerenecessarytomaketheirphysicallivesendurableandwho,hadchoicebeenpossible,wouldcertainlyhavepreferredphysicalcomfortsoverspirituality.Thissituationdoesnotforthemostpartnowexist:TVandtoiletmaketheneedforGodunnecessary.MandoesnotgenerallyliveinfearofNatureexceptwhenearthquakestrikes,forheismostlyunawareofaconnectionwithnatureconcealedbymoderntechnology.

10

Thepresentneedforspirituallivesisbasedonsufficiencyandnotondeprivation,anditdoesnotseekahaveninanotherworldbutratheramorebeautifulversionofthisone.WhatIamconcernediswhathashappenedasaresultoftheIndustrialRevolutiontoman'sconceptionofhisrelationshipwithNature.6.

正确答案：大自然不再显得那样恐怖和凶险，因为人类现在不大可能因为缺少粮食而挨饿，或者因炎热或寒冷而丧生。

7.

正确答案：许多人认为，现代人舒适地生活在技术带来的便利之中，这使他感到精神危机和生活空虚，人生没有目的和方向。

8.

正确答案：如果工业发展与宗教衰落有必然联系的话，早期人类的精神生活好像是对人与自然的斗争中所处脆弱地位的逃避。

9.

正确答案：我说的是人民大众，为了忍受物质生活的艰辛，他们的精神生活是必要的。而且，如果有选择的可能，他们一定会选择物质上的舒适，而非精神信仰。

10.

正确答案：当今人们对精神生活的需求，是建立在富足、而不是贫乏的基础上的，它不是寻求来世的庇护所，而是想把今生变得更美好。

Thisissupposedtobeanenlightenedage,butyouwouldn'tthinksoifyoucouldhearwhattheaveragemanthinksoftheaveragewoman.Womenwontheirindependenceyearsago.Afteralong,bitterstruggle,theynowenjoythesameeducationalopportunitiesasmeninmostpartsoftheworld.Theyhaveprovedrepeatedlythattheyareequalandoftensuperiortomeninalmosteveryfield.

11

Thehard-foughtbattleforrecognitionhasbeenwon,butitisbynomeansover.Itismen,notwomenwhostillcarryonthesexwarbecausetheirattituderemainsbasicallyhostile.Eveninthemostprogressivesocieties,womencontinuetoberegardedassecond-ratecitizens.Tohearsomementalk,you'dthinkthatwomenbelongedtoadifferentspecies!

Onthesurface,thecommentsmadebymenaboutwomen'sabilitiesseemlight-hearted.Thesametiredjokesaboutwomendriversarerepeateddayindayout.

12

Thisapparentlight-heartednessdoesnotconcealtherealcontemptthatmenfeelforwomen.Howevermuchmensneer,atwomen,theirclaimstosuperiorityarenotborneoutbystatistics.Let'sconsiderthematterofdriving,forinstance.

13

Weallknowthatwomencausefarfeweraccidentsthanmen.Theyaretooconscientiousandresponsibletodrivelikemaniacs.Butthisisaminorquibble.Womenhavesucceededinanyjobyoucaretoname.Aspoliticians,soldiers,doctors,factory-hands,universityprofessors,farmers,companydirectors,lawyers,bus-conductors,scientistsandpresidentsofcountriestheyhaveoftenputmentoshame.Andwemustrememberthattheyfrequentlysucceedbrilliantlyinallthesefieldsinadditiontobearingandrearingchildren.

14

Yetmengoonmaintainingthefictionthattherearemanyjobswomencan'tdo.Top-levelpoliticalnegotiationbetweencountries,businessandbankingarealmostentirelycontrolledbymen,whojealouslyguardtheirso-called"rights".EveninotherwiseenlightenedplaceslikeSwitzerlandwomenhaven'tevenbeengiventhevote.Thissituationispreposterous!Theargumentsthatmenputforwardtoexcludewomenfromthesefieldsarealltoofamiliar.Women,theysay,areunreliableandirrational.Theydependtoolittleoncoolreasoningandtoomuchonintuitionandinstincttoarriveatdecisions.Theyarenotevencapableofthinkingclearly.Yetwhenwomenprovetheirabilities,menrefusetoacknowledgethemandgivethemtheirdue.Somuchforaman'sabilitytothinkclearly!

Thetruthisthatmenclingtotheirsupremacybecauseoftheirbasicinferioritycomplex.Theyshunrealcompetition.Theyknowintheirheartsthatwomenaresuperiorandtheyareafraidofbeingbeatenattheirowngame.

Oneofthemostimportanttasksintheworldistoachievepeacebetweenthenations.

15

Youcanbesurethatifwomenwereallowedtositroundtheconferencetable,theywouldsucceedbrilliantly,astheyalwaysdo,wheremenhavefailedforcenturies.11.

正确答案：这场为获得承认而进行的艰苦战斗已经获得了胜利，但还远远没有结束。继续进行这场性别之战的是男人而非女人，因为男人对女人在根本上仍保持着敌对的态度。

12.

正确答案：这种明显的漫不经心掩盖不住男人对女人的轻视。不管男人对女人有多少冷嘲热讽，他们所表达的优越感并不是能用统计数字来证实的。

13.

正确答案：我们都知道，女人所引起的交通事故远比男人少。她们太小心、太有责任感了，不会像疯子一样开车。

14.

正确答案：然而男人依旧怀有这样的幻想，认为有很多工作是女人做不了的。

15.

正确答案：你可以确信，如果允许女人坐在会议桌旁，在这个数百年来男人屡遭失败的地方，女人会像她们一直以来都获得成功那样，取得辉煌的胜利。

TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,"No,quitethecontrail."

16

Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda"technologicalrenaissance"saytheyareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends—nottomentionstrangers.

17

Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnoguruspromisedasthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.

18

Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,thedotcomgeneration,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.

19

Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourelectronictradingmarkets,onlinebankingservices,all-nighte-commerce,and24-hourInternetnewsandentertainmentallhollerforourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,consider,andreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.

20

Ifthisnewtechnology,revolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenmorepreciousthantime—oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.16.

正确答案：正是这些开创了所谓“科技复兴”时代的人们说，他们甚至在和自己的同事、朋友打交道时都不那么客气了，更不用说对待陌生人了。

17.

正确答案：更能够说明问题的是，他们把很大一部分责任归咎于他们同时正积极拥护的技术上。

18.

正确答案：相反，那些我们本以为可以解放我们的技术奇迹却开始把我们困在相互联系的网内，似乎很难从中轻易逃脱。

19.

正确答案：我们的每一刻闲暇时间都被某种业务联系所侵占，时间反倒成了最稀缺的资源。

20.

正确答案：如果这种新技术革命仅仅意味着超级高效，那么我们就可能失去某种比时间更珍贵的东西——我们对做一个有爱心的人的价值感。

Thekeypositionandroleofwomenintheprocessofdevelopmentisincreasinglybeingrecognized.AlthoughthethreegreatWorldConferencesofWomenweremoreconcernedwithrecognizingandcompilingapproachestoemancipationwecancurrentlyconfirmageneralsharpeningofawareness.

21

IthasbecomeclearthattheThirdWorldcultureshavebeenweakenedinthisrespectbythemethodsofcolonialeducationwhicharealmostexclusivelydirectedtowardsthemale.Ofthemanycriticismsofthissituationletonevoicebeheard:"Developmenteducationgroupsandprogramsareverymuchmaledominatedandlackwoman'sperspective."So,too,thehopesplacedinvocationaltrainingasanaidtoequalityhavebeendisappointedsincethisinitsturnwastolargeextentfocusedonmale.

22

Inthesecircumstancesweshouldnotbesurprisedthatuntilnowwomenhaveparticipatedleastintheeducationalprocesseswhichhavebeenintroduced.Only20%attendprimaryschoolandthepercentageofthosewholeaveearlyishighestamonggirls.Becauseofthelackofbasictrainingonlyaround10%takepartinAdultEducationprograms.Henceitisvitallyimportanttosecureaturningpointbyincreasingtheawarenessoftheneedforeducation.

TheInternationalConferenceatJomtienin1990providedthesolutiontothis:"Amoreeducatedmotherraisesahealthierfamily.Shehasfewerandbetter-educatedchildren.Sheismoreproductiveathomeandintheworkplaceandisbetterabletogetfurthereducation."

23

Manyproblemsinschoolareconsequencesofincorrectorimproperlybalancednutritioncombin