2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6Atonewithnature第2课时Usinglanguage学案含解析外研版必修第一册

PAGEUnit6Atonewithnature其次课时UsinglanguageⅠ.词汇初探1．replace(v.)以……替换，更换2．material(n.)材料3．mineral(n.)矿物，矿产4．consumer(n.)消费者5．priority(n.)优先处理的事，当务之急6．beauty(n.)美，漂亮→beautiful(adj.)漂亮的7．barrier(n.)障碍，壁垒8．structure(n.)结构，构造→structural(adj.)结构上的，构架上的，建筑的9．living(adj.)活着，活着的10．basin(n.)盆地，低凹地11．grand(adj.)雄伟的，壮美的12．valley(n.)谷，山谷13．narrow(adj.)狭窄的，不宽的14．platform(n.)高台，平台15．thunder(v.)打雷，发出轰隆隆的响声16．channel(n.)海峡17．camel(n.)骆驼18．desert(n.)沙漠19．sail(v.)(乘船)航行20．climate(n.)气候21．inside(adv.)在(建筑物、房间)内Ⅱ.短语互译1．separate...from...把……分开2．join...to...把……连接起来3．be_famous_for以……著名4．dryinghouses烘干房5．soundlike听起来像Ⅲ.语法回顾1．TheseterraceswerebuiltbythelocalZhuangandYaopeople,to_whomGuangxiishome.2．Buildingtheterracesthereforemeantthattheycouldincreasetheareasin_whichtheycouldgrowrice.3．Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayin_whichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywith...4．Thisformscloudsfrom_whichrainfallsdownontothemountainterracesonceagain.5．Theseterracesalsoprovideaperfectenvironmentforbirdsandfish,some_of_whichfeedoninsectsthatcanharmthericecrops.6．Althoughmoderntechnologycouldhelpproducemorecrops,thericegrowersarepeoplefor_whomtraditionsholdmuchvalue.1eq\a\vs4\al(replace)(1)vt.取代；替换；代替Soeventheolivewreathhasbeenreplaced!就连橄榄枝花环都被取代了！(2)vt.放回Shereplacedthebooksontheshelves.她把书放回架子上。[归纳拓展]replacesth.＝taketheplaceofsth.代替……replacesb./sth.with/by...用……替换……replace...as...取代……而成为……Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.反对电视的另一种论点是，它作为一种消遣形式代替了阅读。[即时巩固]完成句子①Teacherswillneverbe_replaced_by/withcomputersintheclassroom.课堂上电脑恒久不会取代老师。②Shereplaced_him_asourEnglishteacher.她取代他成为我们的英语老师。在下列句中填入恰当的介词③We'vereplacedtheoldmachinewith/byacomputer.④Icannotreplaceyouasherassistant.依据A句完成B句⑤A：SinceTomisabsent,whowilltaketheplaceofhim?B：SinceTomisabsent,whowillreplace_him?2eq\a\vs4\al(desertn.沙漠，荒漠)Fewkindsofplantsgrowinthedesert.仅有几种植物在沙漠上生长。[归纳拓展]desertvt.抛弃，遗弃adj.沙漠的，荒芜的①Helenwasdesertedbyherhusband.海伦被她丈夫抛弃了。②Onepersoncanliveonadesertislandwithoutbeingdisturbed.一个人生活在荒岛上就不会被打搅。[即时巩固]完成句子①Manyoftheparty'straditionalvotersdeserted_it_at_the_last_election.这个党的很多传统支持者在上一次选举中抛弃了它。单句语法填空②AfarmerfamilyinDongYangwereastonishedbytheastonishingfactthataboybabywas_deserted(desert)ontheroadtotheirfields.解析：句意：一个男婴被遗弃在东阳一农户家到田地的路上，这个令人震惊的事实让这家人感到很惊异。依据句意可知“遗弃”的动作发生在过去，并且应当用被动语态。join...to...把……和……连接起来Youshouldneverjoinanelectricwiretoawaterpipe.你千万不要把电线连接在水管上。[易混辨析](1)join指的是任何事物的干脆连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有“还能分开”之意，常用结构join...to，joinup。(2)connect指的是通过某种媒介把事物连接起来，事物的特征还保持着，常表示与技术有关的连接以及火车、飞机等实行联运，常用结构connect...with/to。(3)combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来的部分可能仍不变更，但也可能失去其本性，常用结构combine...with。[即时巩固]用join，connect或combine的适当形式填空①Pleasejointhispoletothatone.②ThisflightconnectswiththeNewYorkone.③Weshouldcombinetheorywithpractice.eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())LocatedoffthecoastofAustralia，theGreatBarrierReefisthebiggeststructuremadebylivingorganisms.位于澳大利亚沿海，大堡礁是由活的生物制造的最大的结构。[句式分析]LocatedintheCoralSea是过去分词作状语表示缘由相当于BecauseitislocatedintheCoralSea。①Tiredbythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.＝Becausehewastiredbythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.由于旅途劳累，他很快就入睡了。②Lostinthought,healmostranintoacar.＝Ashewaslostinthought,healmostranintoacar.由于陷入深思，他几乎撞到了一辆汽车。[归纳拓展]过去分词(短语)作状语还可表示时间、让步、条件、方式和伴随状况。在过去分词前，可带有从属连词when,until,if,unless,though,as,asif等。①Borninapoorfamily,Nadiahadonlytwoyearsofschooling.(表缘由)由于诞生于贫寒家庭，纳迪亚只上过两年学。②Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.(表时间)当问到将来的安排时，这个女孩说她想成为一名老师。③Somemedicines,ifwronglytaken,cankillaperson.(表条件)当误服时，有些药可以要人命。④Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.(表让步)尽管受到了父母的激励，但他仍旧没有信念克服困难。⑤I'mreturningyoutheletterasrequested.(表方式)我按要求把信退给你。⑥Marycamein,followedbyherdog.(表伴随)玛丽走进来，她的狗跟在后面。[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Inspired(inspire)byaworldwidebest­seller,thefilmLifeofPiitselfisavictoryoveritsdifficulties.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到一本世界畅销小说的启发而拍摄的电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》本身就是战胜多数困难后的一次成功。inspire和逻辑主语thefilm之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。②Absorbed(absorb)inhisnewstroybook,littleTomdidn'thearhismothercallhim.解析：考查非谓语动词。beabsorbedin“用心于”。Tom与absorb之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，而由句意“小汤姆用心读新买的故事书，因此他没听到母亲叫他。”可知此处表缘由，故填Absorbed。eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Thelocalpeoplecallit“thesmokethatthunders”.,当地人称它为“打雷的烟”。)[句式分析]call意为“把……叫作”，用法为“call＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。①Weallcallthelittleboybaby.我们都称这小男孩珍宝。②Whatwouldyouliketocallthedog?你想叫这条狗什么？③(北京高考)Morerecently,thefoundationbegananothercampaigncalledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeopledonate$20andwearredscarvesinsupportofCanada'shungryandhomeless.最近，这个基金会起先了另一项运动被叫作全国红围巾日——这一天人们捐献20美元，戴着红围巾来支持加拿大饥饿的和无家可归的人。[即时巩固]完成句子①Tomakemoney，farmersheregrowwhat_is_called_peanuts.为了挣钱，这里的农夫种植被称为花生的作物。②Theshopmainlysellswhat_is_called_sports_clothes.这家商店主要卖被称为运动服的服饰。介词＋which和whom的用法Ⅰ.介词＋which/whom的用法1．关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间，为了使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.＝Thisistheroomwhichwelivedinlastyear.2．定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词指人用whom，指物用which。驾驭这个结构的关键在于介词的选择。(1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.(2)看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。HereferredmetosomereferencebookswithwhichIamnotveryfamiliar.ThetwothingsaboutwhichMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.(3)依据先行词推断，所用的介词与先行词搭配。Thisisourclassroom,inthefrontofwhichthereisateacher'sdesk.Thepenwithwhichhewaswritingbroke.(4)表示“全部关系”或“整体中的部分”时，用介词of。Hehasthreeuncles,allofwhomaredoctors.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,of_whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.(5)“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词不能用that。当把介词放在从句有关词的后面时，关系代词可用that，也可省略。Theearth(that/which)weliveonisabigball.Who'stheman(whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?(6)含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，因此不能运用“介词＋关系代词”结构。Isthisthewatchwhichhewaslookingfor？(不能说成Isthisthewatchforwhichhewaslooking？)Thisisthebaby(whom/that)mygrandmatakescareof.(不能说成Thisisthebabyofwhommygrandmatakescare.)单句语法填空①Thisisthechairon_whichIsatjustnow.②Thewomanwith_whomIwentismyaunt.Ⅱ.关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的转化关系副词when,where和why代替与其相应的先行词，在从句中充当时间、地点和缘由状语。这三个关系副词在意义上相当于“介词＋关系代词”。句中的when,where和why依据须要可用“介词＋关系代词which”来替代。Thisistheroomwhere(＝inwhich)welivedlastyear.Iwon'tforgetthedayswhen(＝inwhich)Istayedwithyou.Thatisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)hedislikesme.[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Thiswasatimewhen(＝during_which)therewerestillslavesintheUSA.②Thehousewhere(＝in_which)LuXunoncelivedhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.③Thereasonwhy(＝for_which)hewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.用适当的关系词填空1．Thedocumentsfor_whichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.解析：考查定语从句中的关系词。searchforsth.找寻某物，在定语从句中缺少forsth.，因此用forwhich。2．Shelikestousewordsof_whichthemeaningiscleartohim.解析：考查定语从句。先行词为words，themeaningofthewords这些单词的意思，缺少了ofsth.因此应当用ofwhich。3．Theartistto_whomtheheadmastergaveaprizeistheteacherby_whomIhavebeentaughtfortwoyears.解析：考查定语从句。givesth.tosb.给某人某物，在定语从句中缺少tosb.，故第一个空填towhom；其次个空由句意可知“我被这位老师教了两年”，故用bywhom。4．Thisisthemodernhotelwhere/in_whichthevisi