翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟23

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟23ⅠVocabularyandGrammarPart1VocabularySelection1.

Thepicnic______atlastafterb（江南博哥）eingtwicepostponed.A.cameoffB.cameupC.putonD.wenton正确答案：A[解析]cameoff举行，实现；cameup发生，出现；puton穿上，增加；wenton继续，发生。

2.

Formanypeople,overeatingandoverspendingareas______toChristmasascandiesandholly.A.integralB.suitableC.inevitableD.compatible正确答案：A[解析]integral整体的，组成的，必备的；suitable适当的，相配的；inevitable不可避免的；compatible协调的。

3.

Mywifedidn't______withwhatyousuggestedtous.A.agreetoB.believeinC.listentoD.argueabout正确答案：A[解析]习语辨析

A．agreeto同意，允诺；B．believein相信；C．listento听；D．argueabout争论；因此A为答案。

4.

______famousqueensinthehistoryofEngland:ElizabethIandVictoria.A.TwoB.TherearetwoC.BetweentwoareD.Aretwo正确答案：B[解析]结构识别

此句意为：在英国历史上有两个著名的女王：伊丽莎白一世和维多利亚女王。选项A，C，D都无法和后续部分构成完整句，因此答案为B。

5.

Oneimpactthattheburningof______fuelshashadontheEarth'senvironmenthasbeentheincreaseofcarbondioxideintheearth'satmosphere.A.vehicleB.oilC.gasD.fossil正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配fossil化石；但fossilfuels是固定用法，表示：(煤、石油、天然气等)矿物燃料；本句意为：(煤、石油、天然气等)矿物燃料的燃烧对地球环境的一个影响就是加大了地球大气层中二氧化碳的含量。因此D为答案。

6.

ThoughAmericansdonotcurrently______abortionsdirectly,costsarecarriedbyotherAmericansthroughhigherinsurancepremiums.A.implementB.terminateC.prohibitD.subsidize正确答案：D[解析]本句意思为，“虽然美国人现在不直接______人工流产，但是费用由其他美国人通过高额保险金来承担。”句子前后是转折关系，后面提到“费用由其他美国人通过高额保险金来承担”，前面应当是指“不直接给予经济上支持”，只有subsidize“资助，给……补助金”符合题意。implement意为“贯彻，执行”；terminate意为“终止”；prohibit意为“禁止”。三者均与题意不符。

7.

Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices,______becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.A.employmenttoriseB.employmentrisesC.whichrisingemploymentD.theriseofemployment正确答案：B[解析]语法应用。

逗号前是一个让步状语从句，because又引导一个原因状语从句，因此所填之处应为一个完整的主谓结构；B为答案。

8.

Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshould______newoperatingprocedures.A.matchwithB.resultinC.subjecttoD.proceedwith正确答案：B[解析]习语搭配A．matchwith与……相匹配；B．resultin导致；C．subjectto使服从，使遭受；D．proceedwith继续进行；而本句意为：对事故原因展开全面调查会导致标准改善和操作新程序的产生。因此B为答案。

9.

WhileMaggie,awhite-collarworker,wasathomeafterwork,she______doingsomethingtodoingnothing.A.likedB.favoredC.tendedD.preferred正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配A.like喜欢，后面可跟todosth./doingsth.，但sth.后不再跟表示比较的todoingnothing；D.favor是及物动词，表示：喜爱，支持，赞成；例：favoraproposal赞成提议；C.tend照管，护理，往往是，趋向；常与to连用，tendtodosomething，例：Peopletendtoneedlesssleepastheygetolder.(人们随着年龄的增大所需睡眠越来越短)；D.preferr有许多用法：prefertodosomething，例：Iprefertowearclothesmadeofnaturalfibers.我喜欢穿天然织物制成的服装；preferdoingsomething，例：Chantalpreferstravellingbytrain.Chantal喜欢坐火车旅行；prefersomebody/somethingtosomebody/something，例：Achildthatprefershisimaginaryworldtoreality.一个喜欢假象世界甚于现实世界的孩子；本句意为：身为一名白领的Maggie下班回家后总喜欢于点儿什么，不太喜欢什么都不干。因此选项D为答案。

10.

Thisdistinguisheddirector______theplotfortheprizewinningfilmwhilehewasstillacollegestudent.A.conceivedB.constitutedC.reflectedD.calculated正确答案：A[解析]conceived构思；constituted组成；reflected反应，反省；calculated计算，考虑。

11.

Thespeaker______havecriticizedtheparaprofessionals,knowingfullwellthattheywereseatedintheaudience.A.shouldnottoB.mustnotC.oughtnottoD.maynot正确答案：C[解析]近义辨析。

此处需注意情态动词的用法：ought(not)/to与should(not)后接完成时态意思相同，表示为本应做某事儿而未做(或本不应做而做了)感到遗憾，因此应选C。

12.

Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear,but______inwinter.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.preferredD.preferably正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析。

shouldbe/wouldbe应是；preferred首选的(adj.)；preferably更适宜，最好是(adv.)；因此应填D。

13.

He______veryquicklyafterhisillness.A.recoveredB.discoveredC.uncoveredD.covered正确答案：A[解析]A项recover“恢复(健康)”，B项discover“发现”，C项uncover“揭示”，D项cover“覆盖”。

14.

Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemakesenseoftheworldandit______morecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributionsastothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents.A.deliveredB.renderedC.practicedD.suffocated正确答案：B[解析]deliver传送；render使处于某种状态；practice练习，实践；suffocate使窒息。

15.

By______computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthim$2,000.A.coarseB.rudeC.crudeD.rough正确答案：D[解析]byroughcomputation粗略计算；coarse粗糙的，粗鄙的；rude粗鲁的；crude天然的，未加工的，拙劣的。

16.

Myfriendwasgone______afterstayinginthesamehouseforoversixmonths.A.forgoodB.forallC.onendD.onthespot正确答案：A[解析]固定搭配

A．forgood永久地，一劳永逸地；B．forall尽管；C．onend连续地；D．onthespot当场；因此A为答案。

17.

Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould______beabletowalk.A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.innowayD.onanyaccount正确答案：C[解析]innoway决不，一点也不。A．innotime立刻，马上；B．byallmeans当然，一定；D．onanyaccount无论如何。

18.

Theshippingclerksmustknowwhichorders______.A.takepriorityB.forwaitC.arepaidforD.requirelittleattention正确答案：A[解析]固定搭配

A．takepriority比……居先；B．waitfor等待；C．bepaidfor被偿还，被赔偿；D．requirelittleattention不需注意；因此答案为A。

19.

TrainingprogramsfortheU.S.PeaceCorpsareconductedinthecountryorregion______thevolunteerwillserve.A.andB.orC.thatisD.where正确答案：D[解析]结构识别

所填之词与后面的部分构成定语从句，修饰前面的中心词thecountryorregion，因此需填一个引导定语从句、表示地点的关系副词，因此D为答案。

20.

Despitehisoccasionalfondnessforgambling,heisstillconsideredasagoodboy______.A.asthewholeB.forthewholeC.bythewholeD.onthewhole正确答案：D[解析]D项的“onthewhole”是一个固定的短语，意为“总的看来，大体上”。

Part2VocabularyReplacement1.

Youmustbetired,buttrytohangontillallthework'sfinished．A.stopworkingB.keepworkingC.waitD.rest正确答案：B

2.

DoubleEagleII,thefirsttransatlanticballoon,wasgreetedbyavidcrowdsinFrance.A.eagerB.surgingC.creativeD.vigorous正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

A．eager渴望的，热切的；B．surging汹涌的，起伏的；C．creative创造性的；D．vigorous精力旺盛的，有力的；而avid表示：渴望的，急切的；因此A为答案。

3.

Anytroopofwildanimalsshouldbeapproachedwarily.A.fearlesslyB.confidentlyC.silentlyD.prudently正确答案：D[解析]本题中，warily的意思是“小心警惕地”。D项“prudently谨慎地，慎重地”符合题意，如：bemodestandprudent(谦虚谨慎)。其他三项“fearlessly勇敢地；confidently信赖地，安心地；silently默默地，静静地”都不正确。

4.

Imaginemyvexationwhentheysaidtheywouldcometodinnerandthendidn'tshow.A.enlightenmentB.astonishmentC.annoyanceD.contrariness正确答案：C[解析]本题中，vexation的意思是“恼怒，烦恼”。C项“annoyance烦恼，恼怒”符合题意。其他三项“enlightenment启迪，教化；astonishment惊讶；contrariness反对”都不正确。

5.

IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality,wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.A.hostilityB.friendlinessC.mannerD.culture正确答案：B[解析]名词辨析。

hospitality好客，宜人，盛情，A．hostility敌意，不友善，敌对；B．friendli-ness友谊，友善，亲切；C．manner礼貌，风格，方式；D．culture文化，文明，因此选项B为答案。

6.

Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.A.impedesB.interferesC.holdsD.pushes正确答案：D[解析]动词辨析。

impels推动，推进，激励，趋势；A．impedes阻止，B．interferes干涉，妨碍，抵触，C．holds保存，把握；D．pushes推动，推行，逼迫；因此选项D为答案。

7.

Thejurorscametoadeadlockinthedefendant'strialformurder.A.adecisionofguiltyB.adecisiontopunishbyelectrocutionC.animpasseD.anunusualverdict正确答案：C[解析]本题中，deadlock的意思是“僵局”。C项的“impasse僵局”符合题意，如：Reachedanimpasseinthenegotiations.(谈判陷入了僵局。)其他三项“guilty有罪的；electrocution电刑；verdict裁决，判决”都不正确。

8.

Hemaskedhisfearbyashowofconfidence.A.demonstratedB.betrayedC.putupwithD.concealed正确答案：D[解析]选项conceal“隐藏”和mask“掩饰”意义相近。其他选项demonstrate“展示”、betray“出卖”和putupwith“忍受”均与其词义相距甚远。

9.

Contrarytopopularbelief,assumptionthatwearenotaloneintheuniverseisasoldasphilosophyitself.A.consumptionB.predictionC.provisionD.speculation正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

assumption假定，设想；而A．consumption消费，消费量；B．prediction预言，预报；C．provision供应，供应品；D．speculation思索，构思，推测。所以答案为D。

10.

Asageneralrule,SeptemberistheworstmonthoftheyearforhurricanesintheGulf.A.NormallyB.OnrareoccasionsC.InvariablyD.Sometimes正确答案：A[解析]副词辨析。

asageneralrule＝ingeneral一般说来，大体上，通常：normally正常地，通常地；onoccasions偶尔，有时，间或：invariably不变地，sometimes不是，有时；因此选项A为答案。

11.

Theonlyproblemwiththedebatelastweekwasthatthebeginningsoundedmorelikeapersonalattackthanadispassionate,intellectualarguing.A.discussionB.argumentC.talkD.speech正确答案：B[解析]名词辨析。

arguing是argue的动名词，表辩论，争论(强调提出事实、理由、证据来支持或驳斥某一观点)；discussion讨论(主要表慎重地谈论，融洽地交流)，argument争论，辩论，论点；talk讲话，会谈，speech演说，讲话，这里用名词替换动名词，所以答案是B。

12.

ShouldEnglishclassesbecompulsoryattheelementaryorprimaryschoollevelincountrieswhereitisnotthenativelanguage?A.requiredB.necessaryC.selectedD.permanent正确答案：A[解析]句中词“compulsory”表示“必修课”。A项“required”表示“必修的”；B项“necessary”表示“必需的”，指必不可少；C项“selected”表示“挑选的”；D项“permanent”表示“永久的”。所以应该选A。[译文]在那些不以英语作为母语的国家的小学里，英语课应当是必修课吗?

13.

Humanistsarguethathumanhistoryismarkedbyacontinuousconflictbetweenscientificandtechnologicalingenuityandthedemandsofthespirit.A.notedbyB.conformedwithC.certifiedbyD.characterizedby正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

markedby以……为标志的；A．notedby被……记录下，被……特别提到，留意；B．conformedwith遵从，适应，与……一致；C．certifiedby由……鉴定的；D．characterizedby以……为特性的。因此答案为D。

14.

Ifyoucontinuetoindulgeincomputergameslikethis,yourfuturewillbeatstake.A.withoutquestionB.indangerC.onguardD.atlarge正确答案：B[解析]本题的四个选项都是介词短语。B项的意思是“在危险中”，与“atstake危险”的意思相吻合。A项“毫无疑问”；C项“警惕，防范”；D项“详尽地，普遍地；未被捕获的”都与题干中的词义不符。

15.

Attheendofthevalleyweturnedright,andmadeforthesummit.A.headedforB.wentforC.lookedforD.searchedfor正确答案：A[解析]习语辨析

makefor意为：

(尤指匆匆地)走向；A．headfor出发，动身，前往；B．gofor去找；C．lookfor寻找；D．searchfor搜查，搜索；因此答案为A。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrors1.

WhenIlastsawthem,thepolicehadchasedtherobbersdownColumbusStreet.A.werechasingB.waschasingC.chasedD.wereonachase正确答案：A[解析]时态应用。

在由when引导的时间状语从句的句子中，主句和从句的谓语动词的动作是有先后次序的：如状语从句的时态是一般过去时，主句应用过去时，本句表示过去正在做的动作所以应用过去进行时，又因主语thepolice即状语中的them，所以谓语为复数，答案应为A。

2.

Hesays,youmusttakeinthoseresponsibilities.A.takeawayB.takeonC.takeoutD.takeoff正确答案：B[解析]习语搭配。

本句意为：他说，你必须承担起这些责任。takeaway拿走，减去；takeon承担，从事，具有；takeout拿出，取出，除去；takeoff起飞，脱下，匆匆离去，取消；因此选项B是答案。

3.

ThattouchingtoadscauseswartsarestilloneofthemostwidelybelievedsuperstitionsinAmerica.A.hasB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.is正确答案：D[解析]结构应用

本句是由that引导的名词性从句作主语，表语也是单数形式，讲得又是事实，因此谓语也要用一般现在时的单数形式；D为答案。

4.

ThepicturesoftheLochNessMonstershowaremarkableresemblancetoaplesiosaur,alargewaterreptileoftheMesozoicerapresumingextinctformorethan70millionyears.A.supposedB.presumablyC.presumptuousD.ispresumed正确答案：B[解析]副词应用。

Suppose和presume均表“假定，认为”，但presume更侧重“猜想”；presuming作形容词时，与presumptuous是同义词，表“专横的’，但在本句中presuming不是形容词，而是分词，修饰形容词extinct，表“假定的”，故选项B．presumably“大概”是答案。

5.

Theplanewascirclingoverthelandingfieldfor15minuteswhenthepilotwastoldthatheshouldusetheWestsideField.A.isB.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.hadbeen正确答案：D[解析]本句意为：当这架飞机的飞行员被告知可以使用西郊机场时，他驾驶的飞机已在着陆地的上空盘旋了15分钟。在此因为表示“过去的过去”，应该用过去完成时。因此D为答案。

6.

Agooddictionarywillhelpyouupinyourreading.A.inB.outC.downD.through正确答案：B[解析]helpsb.out(帮助某人解决难题/摆脱困境)；而helpsb.down(搀扶某人下来)。所以选项B为答案。

7.

Whenthisagreementissigned,acircularwillbepreparedforgiventoourcustomers.A.givenoutB.givenoffC.dispatchesD.distribution正确答案：D[解析]本题考查词义辨析和固定搭配。句意为：签署协议后，我们会准备一份通知以分配给客户。由介词for可知，此处应填名词，故排除A、B、C三项。本句中的distribution与to搭配。所以，答案为D。

8.

Ordinarypeoplearenowlackingofthescientificknowledgeaboutnutrition.A.shortwithB.areabsentofC.lackinD.aredeficienton正确答案：C[解析]固定搭配

lackin在……缺少[不足]；所以选项C为答案。

9.

Modernindustrialmethodshavesupplantedindividualcrafts,madeblacksmiths,stone-carvers,coopersandcobblersvirtuallyextinct.A.thatmadeB.makeC.whichmakingD.making正确答案：D[解析]本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：现代工业方法代替了个人手艺，这使铁匠，石头雕刻者、铜匠和补鞋匠几乎灭绝了。这里是现在分词作伴随状语。所以，答案是D。

10.

Havingfinishedlunch,thecasewasdiscussed.A.theydiscussedthecaseB.theyhaddiscussedthecaseC.thecasewasdiscussedD.thecasehadbeendiscussed正确答案：A[解析]结构应用。

现在分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。句中只能是they在discuss，分词逻辑主语是they，句子主语也应是they；所以选项C、D均不对；而前半句用的是现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，所以选项A是答案。

11.

AsanEnglishmajorstudentatoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina,IstronglybelievethatbusinessEnglishismorepracticalthanotherfields.A.astudentinEnglishB.amajorEnglishstudentC.anEnglishmajorD.anEnglishstudentmajor正确答案：C[解析]本题考查固定用法。句意为：作为在中国最有名的大学之一中就读的一个英语专业的学生，我强烈认为商务英语比其他课程更实用。“专业+major”表示“某专业的学生”的意思，为固定用法。所以，答案为C。

12.

Whenanorganismiscompletelyencapsulatedandpreserved,itbecomesafossil,thereforeturningintoevidenceofthingsthatoncelived.A.therebyB.asaresultofC.soD.intheend正确答案：A[解析]副词应用。

Therefore和thereby均为副词，表“因此”，但therefore后通常跟一个句子：而thereby后常接现在分词作状语。asaresultof由于(asaresult才表“因此”)，因此A为答案。

13.

NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.A.partB.partialC.partnerD.parting正确答案：A[解析]结构应用。

本句意为：纽约市在有些方面胜过其他大西洋沿岸的港口城市，因为它与其他内陆城市发展起了最好的交通联系。在此要表达“部分地，在有些方面”，应用partly或inpart(介词in后不能用副词partly，应当用名词part)；而partial部分的，局部的，偏袒的；partner合伙人，股东；parting分别，分歧出；因此选项A是答案。

14.

"Butyou'llbeabletocome,won'tyou?

Yes,Ithinksuch."A.thatB.itC.soD.this正确答案：C[解析]本题考查习惯搭配。句意为：但是你回来的，对吗?是的，我这么认为。Ithinkso.是固定搭配，意为“我这样认为”，符合题意。Think后面可以用so来避免重复已经表达过的想法。与此用法相同的动词还有：hope，believe，suppose，imagine。所以，答案是C。

15.

Marthahasmadeuphermindtobuyherfavoritefurniture,disregardhowmuchmoneyshewouldpay.A.nomatterhowmuchitcostsB.nomatterhowmuchdoesitcostC.nomatterhowitcostsD.nomatterhowdoesitcost正确答案：A[解析]结构应用本句意为：Martha下决心不论她喜欢的家具有多贵也要买下来。因此首先排除选项C、D；另：划线部分在句中作状语从句，而不是一个独立的疑问句，因此应用陈述句式，答案为A。

ⅡReadingComprehension

"Agoodnewspaperisanationtalkingtoitself,"musedArthurMillerin1961.

Adecadelater,tworeportersfromtheWashingtonPostwroteaseriesofarticlesthatbroughtdownPresidentNixonandthestatusofprintjournalismsoared.Attheirbest,newspapersholdgovernmentsandcompaniestoaccount.Theyusuallysetthenewsagendafortherestofthemedia.Butintherichworldnewspapersarenowanendangeredspecies.

Ofalltheoldmedia,newspapershavethemosttolosefromtheInternet.CirculationhasbeenfallingintheU.S.,WesternEuropeandLatinAmericafordecades.Butinthepastfewyearsthewebhashastenedthedecline.InhisbookTheVanishingNewspaper,PhilipMeyercalculatesthatthefirstquarterof2043willbethemomentwhennewsprintdiesintheU.S.asthelastexhaustedreadertossesasidethelastcrumplededition.

Newspapershavenotyetstartedtoshutdowninlargenumbers,butitisonlyamatteroftime.Overthenextfewdecadeshalftherichworld'sgeneralpapersmayfold.Jobsarealreadydisappearing.AccordingtotheNewspaperAssociationofAmerica,thenumberofpeopleemployedintheindustryfellby18%between1990and2004.

Havingignoredrealityforyears,newspapersareatlastdoingsomething.Inordertocutcosts,theyarealreadyspendinglessonjournalism.Manyarealsotryingtoattractyoungerreadersbyshiftingthemixoftheirstoriestowardsentertainment,lifestyleandsubjectsthatmayseemmorerelevanttopeople'sdailylivesthaninternationalaffairsandpoliticsare.Theyaretryingtocreatenewbusinesseson-andoffline.Andtheyareinvestinginfreedallypapers.Sofar,thisfitofactivitylooksunlikelytosavemanyofthem.Evenifitdoest,itbodesillforthepublicroleoftheFourthEstate.

Nobodyshouldrelishthedemiseofonce-greattitles.Butthedeclineofnewspaperswillnotbeasharmfultosocietyassomefear.Democracy,remember,hasalreadysurvivedthehugetelevision-leddeclineincirculationsincethe1950s.Ithassurvivedasreadershaveshunnedpapersandpapershaveshunnedwhatwasinstuffiertimesthoughtofasseriousnews.Anditwillsurelysurvivethedeclinetocome.

Theusefulnessofthepressgoesmuchwiderthaninvestigatingabusesorevenspreadinggeneralnews;itliesinholdinggovernmentstoaccount--tryingtheminthecourtofpublicopinion.TheInternethasexpandedthiscourt.Anyonelookingforinformationhasneverbeenbetterequipped.Peoplenolongerhavetotrustahandfulofnationalpapersor,worse,theirlocalcitypaper.

Infuture,somehigh-qualityjournalismwillbebackedbynon-profitorganizations.Already,afewrespectednewsorganizationssustainthemselvesthatway.Anelitegroupofseriousnewspapersavailableeverywhereonline,independentjournalismbackedbycharities,thousandsoffired-upbloggersandwell-informedcitizenjournalists:thereiseverysignthatArthurMiller'snationalconversationwillbelouderthanever.1.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor'sidea?A.Themostusefulbitofthemediaisdisappearing.B.Thisisacauseforconcern,butnotforpanic.C.NewspapershavethewholelottolosefromtheInternet.D.NewspapersholdGovernmentsandcompaniestoaccounts.正确答案：C[解析]是非题型A的内容在第一段中有提及；B的内容在第五、六段中有提及；D的内容在第一段中有提及；而C的内容在第二段第一句中有提及却是错的，因此C为答案。

2.

Atthebeginningofthepassage,whichuseofnewspapersdidtheauthorNOTmention?A.Agoodnewspaperislikeanationalconversation.B.Theydothebusinessofsellingwordstoreadersandsellingreaderstoadvertisers.C.Theyholdgovernmentsandcompaniesresponsibleforwhattheyhavedone.D.Theyusuallysetthenewsagendafortherestofthemedia.正确答案：B[解析]是非题型A的内容在第一段的第一句中有提及；C的内容在第三句中有提及；D的内容在第四句中有提及；只有B的内容没有提及，因此B为答案。

3.

TheauthorcitesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______toshowthatnewspapersarenotkilled.A.newspapershavethemosttolosefromtheInternetB.thewebhashastenedthedeclineofthecirculationC.newspaperswon'tdieoutintheU.S.until2043D.evermoreyoungpeoplearegettingtheirnewsonline正确答案：D[解析]是非题型A的内容在第二段的第一句中有提及；B的内容在第二段第二、三句中有提及；C的内容在第二段最后一句中有提及；只有D的内容没有提及，因此D为答案。

4.

NewspapersaretryingtosavethemselvesbydoingthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.shiftingthemixofthereportstowardslifestyleandentertainmentB.planningmoresubjectsrelevanttodailylivesandpoliticsC.creatingnewprogramson-andoffiineD.investingindailypapersfreeofcharge正确答案：B[解析]是非题型A的内容在第四段的第三句中有提及；C的内容在第四段第四句中有提及；D的内容在第四段第五句中有提及；只有B的内容没有提及，因此B为答案。

5.

Allthemeasurestakenare______tosavemanyofthenewspapers.A.improbableB.probableC.ineffectiveD.effective正确答案：A[解析]推断题型见第四段最后四句：它们(在此指报界)试图建立一些在线和离线的新生意。它们还投资于免费的日报。迄今为止，这一些活动看上去不大可能挽救它们什么。何况即使确实能救它们，它也预示着第四等级(指新闻业界)的公众角色的地位在降低。由此可推断：所采取的各种措施都无法/不可能挽救多数报业。因此答案为A。

6.

"TheFourthEstate"inParagraph4refersto______.A.newspapersB.thepoliticalinfluenceC.thepeopleworkingforthemediaD.thepeoplewritingnewsreports正确答案：A[解析]词义题型到第四段为止，文章一直谈论的都是报纸，因此“TheFourthEstate”在此用来形容新闻业。答案为选项A。

7.

AccordingtoParagraph5,democracyhassurvivedallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.theTV-leddeclineofnewspapersincirculationsincethe1950sB.thedeclineofnewspaperreadersC.theshiftingofseriousnewsawayfromnewspapersD.theemergenceupofnewonlinemodels正确答案：D[解析]是非题型A的内容在第五段的第三句中有提及；B的内容在第二段最后一句中有提及；C的内容在第四段的第三句中有提及；只有D的内容没有提及，因此D为答案。

8.

Theauthorputsstressonthesurvivalofdemocracytoshowthat______.A.democracyhasgreatvitalitytosurviveB.peopleshouldnottakepleasureinthedeclineofnewspapersC.thedeclineofnewspaperswon'tbesoharmfultosocietyD.democracymightnotsurvivethecomingdeclineofnewspapers正确答案：C[解析]推断题型见第五段第二、三句：Butthedeclineofnewspaperswillnotbeasharmfultosocietyassomefear.Democracy，remember，hasalreadysurvivedthehugetelevision-leddeclineincirculationsincethe1950s.(但报业的衰落对社会的危害将不会像某些人担心的那样。要记得，自从二十世纪五十年代以来民主政治已经幸免于电视带来的巨大的报业流通的衰落—指没受什么影响)；由此推断出作者强调民主政治的幸免来表达报业的衰落对社会的影响不是特别有害，因此C为答案。

9.

Paragraph6doesn'tclaimtheInternettobethekillerofnewspapersinthattheInternet______.A.helpsspreadgeneralnewsB.involvesitselfininvestigatingabusesC.expandsthecourtofpublicopiniontoholdgovernmentstoaccountD.makespeopletrustahandfulofnationalpapers正确答案：C[解析]细节题型见第六段第一、二两句：Theusefulnessofthepressgoesmuchwiderthaninvestigatingabusesorevenspreadinggeneralnews；itliesinholdinggovernmentstoaccount—tryingtheminthecourtofpublicopinion.Theinternethasexpandedthiscourt.(新闻的用途远远大于调查弊端或者是传播一般新闻；它的用途在于能使政府承担责任——将它们置于公众舆论的“法庭”进行考验。而互联网扩展了这一“法庭”)，因此C为答案。

10.

Tomakethe"nationalconversation"louder,theauthorfailstomentionthat______.A.news-aggregationsitesshoulddrawtogethersourcesfromaroundtheworldB.non-profitorganizationsshouldbackthehigh-qualityjournalismC.theeliteandseriousnewspapersshouldbeavailableonlineintheworldD.thousandsofbloggersandcitizenjournalistsshouldsupportindependentjournalism正确答案：A[解析]细节题型B的内容在第七段的第一句中有提及；C的内容在第七段第三句中有提及；D的内容在第七段第三句中有提及；只有A的内容没有提及，因此A为答案。

Aspirinisoneofthesafestandmosteffectivedrugsinventedbyman.Themostpopularmedicineintheworldtoday,itisaneffectivepainreliever.Itsbadeffectsarerelativelymild.Itisalsocheap.

Formillionsofpeoplesufferingfromarthritis,itistheonlythingthatworks.Aspirin,inshort,istrulythe20th-centurywonderdrug.Itisalsothesecondlargestsuicidedrugandistheleadingcauseofpoisoningamongchildren.Ithassideeffectsthat,althoughrelativelymild,arelargelyunrecognizedamongusers.

AlthoughaspirinwasfirstsoldbyaGermancompanyin1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.Hippocrates,inancientGreece,understoodthemedicalvalueoftreebarksandleaveswhichtodayareknowntocontainachemicalfoundinaspirin.Duringthe19thcentury.therewasagreatdealofexperimentationinEuropewiththischemical,anditledtotheintroductionofaspirin.By1915,aspirintabletswereavailableintheUnitedStates.

Asmallquantityofaspirinrelievespainandinflammation.Italsoreducesfeverbyaffectingsomeofthebody'sreactions.Aspirinisveryirritatingtothestomachlining.Thebestwayistochewthetabletsbeforeswallowingthemwithwater,butfewpeoplecanstandthebittertaste.Somepeoplesuggestcrashingthetabletsinmilkororangejuice.11.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Aspirinisgoodtoarthritissufferers.B.Aspirinmaybeusedassuicidedrug.C.Aspirinisdangeroustosmallchildren.D.Aspirinhasunrecognizablesideeffects.正确答案：C[解析]是非题型。

见文章第二段：Formillionsofpeoplesufferingfromarthritis,itistheonlythingthatworks.Aspirin，inshort，istruly...Itisalsothesecondlargestsuicidedrug...arelargelyunrecognizedamongusers．对于数百万关节炎患者来说，阿司匹林是唯一有效的药，简言之，它是20世纪真正的灵丹妙药。它还是第二大的自杀用药和儿童中毒的主要原因。尽管它的副作用很小，用药者却对之不甚了解。由此可知：选项A、B均有提及；虽然文章提及阿司匹林是儿童中毒的主要原因，却没谈及中毒原因，所以不能简单认定它对小儿危险，则选项C未被提及应是答案。而选项D的内容本段最后一句有所提及。

12.

Thesecondparagraphpointsoutthat______.A.aspirinisalwayssafeB.aspirincanbedangerousC.aspirinhasbeenlongusedD.aspirinisnottrulyeffective正确答案：B[解析]推断题型。

第二段谈到：阿司匹林是第二大自杀性药物，会引发儿童中毒，还有一些未被确认的副作用，所以可推论出选项B。

13.

Aspirinwasinventedin______.A.the20thcenturyB.the19thcenturyC.ancientGreeceD.ancientGermany正确答案：B[解析]细节题型。

见文章第三段首句：AlthoughaspirinwasfirstsoldbyaGermancompanyin1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.和同段倒数第三句：Duringthe19thcentury,therewasagreatdealofexperimentationinEuropewiththischemical,anditledtotheintroductionofaspirin．选项B正确。

14.

Thethirdparagraphdescribesthe______ofaspirin.A.usesB.valueC.effectsD.history正确答案：D[解析]主旨题型。

第三段的主旨是叙述阿司匹林的历史：追溯到古希腊的医药之父希波克拉底的发现，19世纪面世，1899年首次出售，1915年片剂在美国诞生。选项D正确。

15.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Aspirincanrelievepain.B.Aspirincanreducefever.C.Aspirincanrelieveinflammation.D.Aspirincanreducestomachlining.正确答案：D[解析]是非题型。

见最后一段的第一、二两句：Asmallquantityofaspirinrelievespainandinflammation.Italsoreducesfeverbyaffectingsomeofthebody'sreactions.Aspirinisveryirritatingtothestomachlining．少量的阿司匹林可消炎止痛，还可通过刺激人的机体反应来退烧；但它对胃粘膜有刺激。所以选项D是答案。

16.

Accordingtothispassage,______mayNOTbetherightwaytotakeaspirin.A.chewingthetabletsB.swallowingthetabletsC.crushingtheminmilkD.puttingthemindishes正确答案：D[解析]细节题型。

文章最后两句(Thebestwayistochewthetabletsbeforeswallowingthemwithwater,butfewpeoplecanstandthebittertaste.Somepeoplesuggestcrashingthetabletsinmilkororangejuice.)说明正确的服药方法中只有选项D未被提及，是答案。

17.

Theauthorofthispassageseemstobe______.A.againstaspirinB.infavorofaspirinC.ignorantofaspirinD.disinterestedinaspirin正确答案：B[解析]态度题型。

从作者在文中所用的词(safest，mosteffective，mostpopular，effective，cheap，theonlythingthatworks)可看出作者对阿司匹林是持肯定态度的，所以选项B正确。

18.

Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe:______.A.WhyDoWeTakeAspirin?B.HowDoWeTakeAspirin?C.Aspirin:TheUnknownSideEffects.D.Aspirin:TheMostPopularMedicine.正确答案：D[解析]主旨题型。

文章开篇就强调了本文的主旨：阿司匹林是现今世界上人类发明的最安全，有效，最受欢迎的药物之一，它还是有效的去痛剂。它的副作用相对较小而且价格便宜。因此选项D是正确答案。

Thefirst50yearsofthenextmillenniumwillbecriticalfortheworld'spopulation.By2050populationgrowthshouldhaveleveledoff,butbythenwe'llhave10billionpeople--two-thirdsasmanyagainaswehavetoday.Therateofpopulationgrowthissomethingwecanchooserightnow,thoughit'snotsomethingthatjusthappens,butamatterofhumanchoice.Thechoiceisacomplicatedone,withmanyvariables,butitremainsachoice.

Ifwewanttopreventapopulationexplosion,weshouldtakeactionnow--orassistthepoorercountriestodoso.Theyneedbettergovernment,betterinstitutions,betterlaborandcapitalmarkets,betterschools.

Anythingthatincreasesthevalueofwomen'stimeandaddstothecostofcaringforachildmakesawomanlesslikelytohavethatchild.Sincebigfamiliesareoftenseenassafetynetsforillnessandoldage,improvingpoorpeople'saccesstoinsurance,pensionsandwelfareinstitutionsalsohasamajorimpact.Thiscanbeassimpleasruralcredit,providingameansofsaving.Finally,thereiseducation--bothforwomenand,perhapsevenmoreimportant,forthenextgenerationofchildren.

Thesestepsaretheretobetaken,butthereappeartobesomecountriesthatarenotseriouslytryingatthemoment.Ifwecannotachievethatwewillcertainlynotcontrolpopulation.

Thatsaid,Idon'tfeelpessimisticthatwearegoingtorunoutofresources:wearebecomingmoreefficientatproducingfoodfasterthantherateatwhichpopulationisincreasing.Thereis,however,ariskthatwewillwrecktheenvironmentsoeffectivelythattheworldwillnolongerbeanattractiveplacetolive.Thatreallywouldbeadismaloutcome,toreachworldpopulationequilibriumonlytofindwe'ddestroyedthenaturalenvironmentintheprocess.19.

Whywillthenext50yearsbecriticalfortheworldpopulation?A.Becauseby2050,thepopulationgro