翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟14

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟14Section1:VocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsfo（江南博哥）reachpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Althoughthespeakerwasawell-knownpersonality,hisspeechwaspoorly.______.A.raisedB.deliveredC.lecturedD.preached正确答案：B[解析]deliveraspeech发表演讲；raised升起，出现；lectured演讲；preached鼓吹。

2.

Wouldyoupleasebringmesome______catalogues?Thesearetooold.A.modemB.fashionableC.up-to-dateD.out-of-date正确答案：C[解析]modern现代的；fashionable流行的；up．to-date最近的；out-of-date过时的。

3.

Itisnotconsidered______topickone'steethinpublic.A.respectfulB.respectedC.respectableD.respective正确答案：C[解析]respectful有礼貌的；respected受到尊敬的；respectable(行为、外观等)受人尊敬的，规矩的，体面的；respective各自的。

4.

Bethcould______hercoateasilybecauseithaslargeredbuttons.A.justifyB.identifyC.proveD.test正确答案：B[解析]justify证明……是正当的；identify识别；prove证明；test测试，检验。

5.

Hewasbusywritingtheessayallthemorning,only______occasionallytohaveacupoftea.A.breakingoffB.breakingoutC.breakingD.breakingaway正确答案：A[解析]breakingoff中断；breakingout爆发；breaking打破，弄坏；breakingaway逃脱。

6.

Thelastgueststoreachthehotel______at12o'clockatnight.A.checkedoutB.checkedupC.checkedinD.checkon正确答案：C[解析]checkedout付帐离开，检查；checkedup调查，核对；checkedin登记，报到；checkon检查。

7.

Billhadbeenlookingforhisglovesforquiteawhile,which______eventuallyunderacushion.A.turnedupB.turnedonC.turneddownD.turnedover正确答案：A[解析]turnedup出现，找到；turnedon开启；turneddown拒绝；turnedover移交，翻身。

8.

Onhearingthenewsthatherfatherdiedofacaraccident,she______tears.A.burstoutB.burstinC.burstintoD.burstforth正确答案：C[解析]burstout大声喊，突发；burstin闯入，打断；burstinto闯入，开出；burstforth爆发。

9.

Theelectroniccomputeris______someofthetasksthatwereonceaccomplishedbyourownbrains.A.takingcareB.takinginC.takingoffD.takingover正确答案：D[解析]takingcare当心；takingin接收，欺骗；takingo￡f脱衣，离开；takingover接管。

10.

Thepicnic______atlastafterbeingtwicepostponed.A.cameoffB.cameupC.putonD.wenton正确答案：A[解析]cameoff举行，实现；cameup发生，出现；puton穿上，增加；wenton继续，发生。

11.

HeswallowshiswordssomuchthatIcannever______whatheissaying.A.makeoutB.putupC.dealwithD.takeup正确答案：D[解析]makeout了解，辨认出；putup建造，举起；dealwith处理；takeup询问，理睬，对……采取进一步的行动。句意是说不再理睬和相信他说的话。

12.

Ifyou______yourinfluence,theymaychangetheirdecision.A.compelB.exertC.exposeD.vary正确答案：B[解析]compel强迫；exert发挥，运用；expose揭露，使曝光；vary变化。

13.

Doyouhaveanafternoon______thisweektomeetthePresident?A.obtainableB.availableC.visibleD.reliable正确答案：B[解析]obtainable能得到的；available有空的；visible看得见的，明显的；reliable可靠的。

14.

He______thejobbecauseitinvolvedtoomuchtraveling.A.tookupB.appliedforC.turneddownD.switchedto正确答案：C[解析]tookup开始从事；appliedfor申请；turneddown拒绝；switchedto转到。

15.

Themedia's______

inthepresidentsprivatelifeswitchedtheattentionawayfromtherealissues.A.capacityB.concentrationC.focusD.involvement正确答案：D[解析]capacity容量，能力；concentration(on)集中；focus(on)焦点；involvement卷入，包含；beinvolvedin专心。

16.

Julietisnotatwork.Sheistakinga______untiltheendofthisweek.A.vocationB.vacationC.vacancyD.volume正确答案：B[解析]vocation职业；vacation休假；vacancy空白；volume卷，册，音量。

17.

Intoday'srapidlychangingeconomy,opportunities______forthosewhoaremotivatedanddedicatedtoachievingtheircareergoals.A.aboundB.refrainC.transcendD.uphold正确答案：A[解析]abound多，富于；refrain避免，抑制；transcend超越，胜过；uphold支持，赞成。

18.

Hisstrangebehaviorconfirmedhisneighborsintheir______thathewasguilty.A.suspicionB.doubtC.estimateD.imagination正确答案：A[解析]suspicion猜疑，怀疑；doubt怀疑，疑惑；estimate估计；imagination想像。

19.

Nextweekyou'dbetterbringallyourquestionshere.We'regoingtohaveaquestion-and-answer______.A.sectionB.serviceC.sessionD.course正确答案：D[解析]section部分，部件；service服务，服役；session会议；course过程，课程。

20.

Thisdistinguisheddirector______theplotfortheprizewinningfilmwhilehewasstillacollegestudent.A.conceivedB.constitutedC.reflectedD.calculated正确答案：A[解析]conceived构思；constituted组成；reflected反应，反省；calculated计算，考虑。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguageswasa(n)obstacletohiscareer.A.barrierB.excessC.carrierD.impulse正确答案：A[解析]本题中，obstacle的意思是“障碍，妨害物”。四个选项中，barrier的意思是“障碍”，如：Thepoliceputabarrieracrosstheroad.(警察设了路障。)excess的意思是“过度，超过”；carrier的意思是“运送者，搬运器”；impulse的意思是“推动，刺激”。只有A符合题意。

2.

Oneoftherealservicesofthehistoricalnovelisnotthatitcanbeasubstituteforhistory,butthatitcanbea(n)extension.A.complimentB.supplementC.instrumentD.replacement正确答案：B[解析]本题中，extension的意思是“延长，扩展”。四个选项中，supplement的意思是“补充，附录”，如：supplementone'sordinaryincomebywritingbooks(著书以增加正常的收入。)compliment的意思是“称赞，问候”；instrument的意思是“工具，手段”；replacement的意思是“归还，复位”。只有B符合题意。

3.

Crewchiefssupervisedengines,switchesandlightsthattoldthemhoweachitemofequipmentwasfunctioning.A.observedB.preservedC.monitoredD.nurtured正确答案：C[解析]本题中，supervise的意思是“监督，管理，指导”。四个选项中，monitor的意思是“监控”，如：atelevisionwaveformmonitor(电视波形监视器。)observe的意思是“观察，遵守”；preserve的意思是“保护，保持”；nurture的意思是“养育，教养”。只有C符合题意。

4.

Theguestturnedupsidedownhisglassasasignalthathewoulddrinknomore.A.conversedB.inversedC.traversedD.reversed正确答案：D[解析]本题中，turnupsidedown的意思是“倒转，翻过来”。四个选项中，reverse的意思是“使某物反转，将某物翻转”，如：Shereversedthepaper.(她把纸翻过来。)converse的意思是“谈话，交谈”；inverse只能用作形容词和名词，没有动词用法；traverse的意思是“横过，穿过”。只有D符合题意。

5.

Inthedesertedfactoryseveralhugemachineswerelefttorustanddecay.A.inaugurateB.disintegrateC.accelerateD.disseminate正确答案：B[解析]本题中，decay的意思是“腐烂，衰退”。四个选项中，disintegrate的意思是“(使)分解，(使)碎裂”，如：Theextractedcasewassoolditjustdisintegratedwhenaworkerpickeditup.(这个挖掘出来的箱子已很破旧，一个工人一提起来就散开了。)inaugurate的意思是“举行就职典礼”；accelerate的意思是“加速，促进”；disseminate的意思是“散布”。只有B符合题意。

6.

Inthismonumentalworktheentirestorehouseoftheworld'sartissurveyed.A.impressiveB.expressiveC.progressiveD.possessive正确答案：A[解析]本题中，monumental的意思是”纪念碑的，不朽的，非常的“。四个选项中，impressive的意思是“给人印象深刻的”，如：animpressiveOlympicGames(给人深刻印象的奥林匹克运动会)。expressive的意思是“表现的，表达的”；progressive的意思是“前进的”；possessive的意思是“所有的，物主的”。只有A符合题意。

7.

Inthe1998'sfloodinChinaalargenumberofvictimssufferedthelossoftheirhomes.A.expenseB.sacrificeC.damageD.incentive正确答案：B[解析]本题中，loss的意思是“损失”。四个选项中，sacrifice的意思是“牺牲，损失”，如：sellsth.atasacrifice(亏本出售某物)。expense的意思是“费用，开支”；damage的意思是“损害，伤害”；incentive的意思是“动机”。只有B符合题意。

8.

Theydemandtosetupanorganizationflexibleenoughtocopewithanyemergency.A.portableB.valiantC.trivialD.mobile正确答案：D[解析]本题中，flexible的意思是“柔韧的，灵活的”。四个选项中，mobile的意思是“可移动的，机动的”，如：Themobilemedicalteamwillsoonbehere.(巡回医疗队不久就要到这儿来。)portable的意思是“轻便的，手提的”；valiant的意思是“勇敢的，英勇的”；trivial的意思是“琐细的，微不足道的”。只有D符合题意。

9.

Mr.Johnsonwasapassionatepersonfilledwithanincredibledynamism.A.energyB.enduranceC.effortD.endeavor正确答案：A[解析]本题中，dynamism的意思是“精力，活力，干劲”。四个选项中，energy的意思是“精力，活力”，如：Youngpeopleusuallyhavemoreenergythantheold.(年轻人通常比老年人有活力。)endurance的意思是“忍耐力，持久力”；effort的意思是“努力”；endeavor的意思是“努力，尽力”。只有A符合题意。

10.

AtfirstIguesseditwasanairplane,butIsoonchangedmymindbecauseitremainedstaticinsteadofmovinglikeaplane.A.stationaryB.statutoryC.stationeryD.statuesque正确答案：A[解析]本题中，static的意思是“静态的”。四个选项中，stationary的意思是“固定的”，如：Waituntilthebusisstationarybeforeyougetoff.(你要等公共汽车停稳了再下车)。statutory的意思是“法令的，法定的”；stationery的意思是“文具，信纸”；statuesque的意思是“雕像般的，均衡的”。只有A符合题意。

11.

From1965to1978Americanconsumerpricesincreasedatanaverageannualrateof5.7percent.Thisominousshiftwasfollowedbyconsumerpricegainsof13.3percentin1979.A.promisingB.overwhelmingC.threateningD.astonishing正确答案：C[解析]本题中，ominous的意思是“不吉利的”。C项的threatening“凶兆的”符合题意。其他三项“promising有希望的；overwhelming势不可挡的；astonishing令人吃惊的”都不正确。

12.

In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.A.condemnedforB.accusedofC.disciplinedforD.disapprovedof正确答案：B[解析]本题中，indictedfor的意思是“被起诉”。B项的“accusedof被控告”符合题意，如：Thepoliceaccusedhimofstealing.(警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。)其他三项“condemnedfor被责难；disciplinedfor被训练；disapprovedof不赞成”都不正确。

13.

Thepreservedfoodshouldretainpalatableappearance,flavor,andtexture,aswellasitsoriginalnutritionalvalue.A.tastyB.stylishC.delicateD.notable正确答案：A[解析]本题中，palatable的意思是“美味的”。A项的“tasty美味的”符合题意。其他三项“stylish时髦的；delicate精致的；notable著名的”都不正确。

14.

TheAustrianmanufacturingindustryconsistsofafewlargeorganizations,manyofwhichoperateundergovernmentauspices.A.supervisionB.orientationC.regulationD.sponsorship正确答案：D[解析]本题中，auspices的意思是“主办”。D项的“sponsorship主办”符合题意。其他三项“supervision监督；orientation指导；regulation管理”都不正确。

15.

Europeanconservatives,untiltheendofthe19thcentury,rejecteddemocraticprinciplesandinstitutions.Insteadtheyoptedformonarchiesorforauthoritariangovernment.A.choseB.constructedC.conceivedD.conserved正确答案：A[解析]本题中，optedfor的意思是“选择”。A项的“chose选择”符合题意。其他三项“constructed建造；conceived构思；conserved保存”都不正确。

16.

Duringthe19thcentury,JewsinmostEuropeancountriesachievedsomeequalityofstatuswithnon-Jews.Nonetheless,attimesJewswereharassedbyanti-Semiticgroups.A.opposedB.exploitedC.despisedD.annoyed正确答案：D[解析]本题中，harassed的意思是“使厌烦”。D项的“annoyed使苦恼”符合题意，如：Iwasannoyedbyhisbadmanners.(他的无礼使我恼怒。)其他三项“opposed反对；exploited开发；despised轻视”都不正确。

17.

Acorpsofso-calledbarefootdoctorsaretrainedinhygiene,preventivemedicine,acupuncture,androutinetreatmentofcommondiseases.A.nutritionB.sanitationC.nurseryD.welfare正确答案：B[解析]本题中，hygiene的意思是“卫生学”。B项的“sanitation卫生学”符合题意。其他三项“nutrition营养学；nursery拖儿所；welfare社会福利”都不正确。

18.

BrazilianmusicisthoroughlyimbuedwithAfricanthemes,andillustriouscomposershavelongfoundinspirationintheblackmusicalheritage.A.imaginativeB.sensitiveC.distinguishedD.persistent正确答案：C[解析]本题中，illustrious的意思是“杰出的”。C项的“distinguished杰出的”符合题意。如：TheChinesenationisdistinguishedforitsdiligenceandcourage.(中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。)其他三项“imaginative虚构的；sensitive敏感的；persistent持久的”都不正确。

19.

TheSocialSecurityActdidnotincludehealthinsurancebecausethecommissionconsideredthatitsinclusionwouldjeopardizethepassageoftheact.A.evadeB.endangerC.excludeD.enhance正确答案：B[解析]本题中，jeopardize的意思是“危害”。B项的“endanger危害”符合题意，如：Thepollutedairinthecityisbadlyendangeringthehealthoftheresidents.(城里被污染的空气正严重地危及居民的健康。)其他三项“evade逃避；exclude排除；enhance提高”都不正确。

20.

Ideally,anatomicalinvestigationconsistsofacombinationofdescriptiveandexperimentalapproaches.Present-dayanatomyinvolvesscrutinyofthestructureoforganismsatmanylevelsofobservation.A.analysisB.recognitionC.evaluationD.examination正确答案：D[解析]本题中，scrutiny的意思是“详细审查”。D项的“examination审查”符合题意，如：MysuitcaseswereexaminedattheCustomswhenIenteredthecountry.(入境时，我的提包在海关受到了检查。)其他三项“analysis分析；recognition识别；evaluation评估”都不正确。

Part3ErrorCorrectionThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesanerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Bythetimeof1969,thereweremanyspaceexplorations.A.havebeenB.mustbeC.hadbeenD.musthavebeen正确答案：C[解析]根据时间状语bythetimeof1969可判断本句表示过去某时刻前发生的动作或状态，应用过去完成时，因此答案为C。

2.

Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperifitwasatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.haditbeenB.wereitC.ithadbeenD.itwere正确答案：A[解析]本句考查的是虚拟语气的应用。因本句表达得是与过去事实相反，主句用的是wouldhavefinished，那么if从句应用hadbeendone句式。如将条件从句中的if省略时，had需与主语倒装。因此A为答案。

3.

Ialwaysthinkofbookswithunutterablefeelings,beingdeeplyindebtedtothem,asIam,forthewarmththeyhavebroughtme.A.preferredB.mixedC.profoundD.dissatisfied正确答案：C[解析]unutterable“非言语所能表达的，十足的”。本句意为：我对书籍总是怀有深厚的感情。由于书籍为我带来的温暖，我对它们有着深深地感激之情。A．preferred首选的，优先的；B．mixed混合的；C．profound深刻的，意义深远的，造诣深的；D．dissatisfied不满意的，不高兴的。因此C为答案。

4.

Withthechangeofredlights,therearelongqueuesofvehiclesthatwaitwhileafewpeoplewhowalkacrossthezebra.A.wait...walkB.waiting...walkingC.waiting...walkD.wait...walking正确答案：B[解析]本句是there+be+名词词组(+修饰语)结构。其中的名词词组是两个并列的名词词组：longqueuesofvehicles和afewpeople，用并列连词while连接。因此并列连词连接的成分应结构相同，语法功能一致，因划线部分都是前面名词的修饰成分，相当于一个形容词从句，因表示主动、正在进行，因此应用动词-ing形式。所以B为答案。

5.

Inspiteofillhealthandaphysicaldisabilitythatthreatenedhercareer.CarsonMcCullerscompletedanovelinthesummerof1961thatmadethebest-sellerlist.A.inabilityB.incapacityC.incapabilityD.failure正确答案：A[解析]A．inability无能，无力(指无法做事的事实)；B．incapacity无能力，不胜任(指缺少做某件事的能力)；C．incapability无能(指机器、人、或某个组织不具备天生/自然的能力或技巧来做事，尤其是困难之事)；D．failure失败，缺乏，失灵，疏忽。因指受身体条件所限，因此答案为A。

6.

Throughmanyyearsofevolution,yourbodyhaslearnedbowtorespondtostressbasingonitsinstinctforsurvival.A.basedonB.takenonC.foundedonD.builton正确答案：A[解析]根据本句内容，划线部分应填部分是分词作宾语补足语。因此处于宾补与宾语(howtorespondtostress)之间是被动关系，所以应填过去分词，选项A为答案。

7.

Theexperienceofforeigncountriesisworthlearningfromandtakingforreference.A.learningandreferenceB.ourlearningandourreferenceC.ourlearningfromandtakingforreferenceD.ourlearningandmakereferenceto正确答案：C[解析]beworth(doing)something常用来表示(某事有趣，有用或有益)值得去做。如：Alotofthesmalltownsintheareaaredefinitelyworthvisiting.(这一地区的许多小镇很值得游览。)在此句中something是指我们学习和借鉴，所以应用ourlearningfromandtakingforreference选项C为答案。

8.

Agooddictionarywillhelpyouupinyourreading.A.inB.outC.downD.through正确答案：B[解析]helpsb.out(帮助某人解决难题/摆脱困境)；而helpsb.down(搀扶某人下来)。所以选项B为答案。

9.

YesterdayImetJerryonWangfujingStreetandfoundhisbikewasthesamebrandthatofmine.A.asthatB.likethatC.asifthatD.likeit正确答案：A[解析]本句是比较级的应用：thesame+名词+as+名词/代词是同级比较。另外，被比较的两个事物应该是同等成分，为了避免重复，往往使用that来代替前面已提及的名词(复数用those代替)，因此本句应用thatofmine(指thebrandofmine)，选项A为答案。

10.

Individualsexposedtoloudnoiseforlongintervalsmaysuffertemporaryorpermanentlylossofhearing.A.constantB.permanentC.consistentlyD.constantly正确答案：B[解析]本句考查的是同等成分的一致关系，temporary和permanently共同修饰lossofheating，应用形容词，所以选项B为答案。

11.

Watermakesupsome70percentagepointsofthebody,anddrinkingenoughwater—eithertapwaterorexpensivemineralwater—willensurethatthebodyisproperlylubricatedandflushed.A.percentB.percapitaC.percentD.percentage正确答案：C[解析]本题考查习惯搭配。句意为：水占了身体比例的70%，喝足够的水——不管是自来水还是昂贵的矿泉水——都能确保身体的滋润和兴奋。percentagepoints“百分点”，百分之几通常用“num+percent

of+noun”表示。所以，答案是C。

12.

"We'renotbringinginmillionsofdollars,"saysadirectorofdevelopment."Butwewanttomakesurethedemandistherebeforeweacttotheproject."A.ofB.offC.onD.for正确答案：C[解析]本题考查习惯搭配。句意为：开发部总监说：“我们没有引进数百万美元。但是，我们想要确保我们在实施计划前可以有这笔钱。”acton“作用于，按照行事”，actfor“代理”，act没有与of和off搭配的形式。根据句意可知，答案是C。

13.

Byusingnewforeigntextbooks,wecouldnotonlylearntherightexpressionofbusinessideas,butalsowewillknowthelatestdevelopmentsinthebusinessworld.A.butalsowillknowthelastestB.butalsoknowthelastestC.butalsoknowthelatestD.butalsocometoknowthelatest正确答案：D[解析]本题考查时态应用。“notonly...butalso...”连接的前后句子时态应一致，由此排除A。latest“最近的”，last“最后的”，没有“lastest”这种形式。know是表示静态的动词，cometoknow“开始了解到”，强调动作的过程。所以，答案选D。

14.

TheaffluentmiddleclasscreatedbytheAsianboomnowtakeupoverfromexportsasthemainengineofgrowth.A.takeoverfromexportsB.takefromexportsC.takeexportsD.takesexports正确答案：D[解析]本题考查习惯搭配和动词的时态。“takesth.assth.”为固定用法，意为“把……看做”。themiddleclass是集合名词，其作主语时，后面跟动词的第三人称单数形式。所以，答案是D。

15.

Japanandthenewlyindustrializedcountriesarepassinglabor-intensivesectsasgarment-makingovertolessdevelopednationsandmovingintoadvancedtechnologyandservices.A.sectslikeB.sectorslikeC.sectionsasD.sectionssuchas正确答案：B[解析]本题考查词义辨析和介词的用法。句意为：日本和新兴的工业化国家正在将注入服装加工之类的劳动密集型部门转到欠发达的国家，并移入先进技术和服务。sector“部门”，sect“派别，宗派，(尤指)教派”，section“部分，零件”。As和like都有“像”之意，as之后接句子，like之后不接句子，所以，此处应用like。所以，答案是B。

16.

Humanbeingsaresuperiortoanimalsthattheycanuselanguageasatoolofcommunication.A.inthatB.inwhichC.forthatD.forwhich正确答案：A[解析]从意思判断，本题的句子是原因状语从句。在四个选项中只有从属连词“inthat”可表示“由于，因为”，如：Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.(批评与自我批评是必要的，因为能帮助我们改正错误。)因而选A。

17.

Ourcompanyhasbeenmadeoneofthelargestmanufacturersinthefieldofchemicalindustry.A.become,inB.made,infieldofC.became,inthefieldD.beenmadeof,in正确答案：A[解析]make指某人/物“成为，变为”时，多强调状态，后面跟抽象名词，如：Thenewsmadeherhappy.(这消息使她很高兴。)field(多指学科、活动或兴趣等)领域，范围，界。“化学工业”直接可用inchemicalindustry。

18.

Someofthelow-endmade-in-Chinamechanical-electronicproductsarenotsellingwellinexportmarketascomparedwithwhataretermedashigh-endones.A.onexportmarketB.inexportingmarketC.inexportedmarketD.intheexportmarket正确答案：D[解析]inthemarket“在市场上”，句子中多了一个名词export修饰market，因此，定冠词应保留。

19.

Itwasnowclearthatnosuchweaponsweremanufacturedandnonebeenfound.A.wasfoundB.werefoundedC.hasbeenfoundD.havebeenfounded正确答案：A[解析]本题考查句子时态和词义辨析。由于“and”连接的两部分属并列关系，所以，句子前后时态应一致，应为一般过去时。又因为find“发现”的过去式是found，founded是found“建立”的过去式，根据题意可知，A为正确答案。

20.

Wheneverwehearofanaturaldisaster,wefeelsympathetictothepeopletobeaffected.A.tohaveaffectedB.tohaveeffectedC.whohavebeeneffectedD.whohavebeenaffected正确答案：D[解析]本题考查句子时态和词义辨析。本句话意为“每当听说自然灾害时，我们都会对那些遭受影响的人表示同情。”动词不定式常表将要发生的动作，与句意不符，故排除；affect“影响，感染”，effect“产生，达到(目的等)”，根据句意可知，affect“影响”符合题意。故本题答案为D。

Section2:ReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.Thenblankenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Aboutfiftyyearsago,plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.Thescientistsfoundthatthenutritionofisolatedrootswasquitesimple.Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.However,theydidnotrequireorganicnitrogencompounds.Theserootsgotalongfreeonmineralinorganicnitrogen.Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.Theseactivitiesbyrootsrequireenergy,ofcourse.TheprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP,whichdrivesthebiochemicalreactions.Respirationalsorequiresoxygen.Highlyactiverootsrequireagooddealofoxygen.

Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.Theleavesoftheshootsprovidetherootswithsugarandvitamins,andtherootsprovidetheshootswithwaterandminerals.Inaddition,rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.Onceleavesbeginphotosynthesizing,theyproduceprotein,butonlymatureleavescan"export"proteintotherestoftheplantintheformofaminoacids.1.

Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Therelationshipbetweenaplant'srootsanditsshoots.B.Whatcanbelearnedbygrowingrootsinisolation.C.Howplantscanbegrownwithoutroots.D.Whatelementsarenecessaryforthegrowthofplants.正确答案：A[解析]本题考查主旨大意。根据第一段内容可知，文章讲述的是对isolatedroots的研究；根据文章第二段第一句“Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants．”可知，对isolatedroots的研究提供了shootsandroots之间的关系。所以，答案是A。

2.

Theunderlinedword"themselves"inParagraph1refersto______.A.plantphysiologistsB.solutionsC.laboratoryflasksD.roots正确答案：A[解析]本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句“Aboutfiftyyearsago，plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.”可知，themselves在这里指plantphysiologists。所以，答案是A。

3.

Thescientistsfoundwhattheisolatedrootsneedis______.A.quitenaturalB.sugar,mineralsandvitaminsC.somerarevitaminsD.organicnitrogencompounds正确答案：B[解析]本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第三句“Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.”可知，isolatedroots需要的是sugar，minerals和vitamins。所以，答案是B。

4.

Rootshavetheabilityto______.A.makeproteinsB.obtainfreshairC.produceinorganicnitrogenD.carryoutactivitieswithoutenergy正确答案：A[解析]本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第六句“Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.”可知，本题答案是A。

5.

Accordingtothepassage,whatisATP?A.Abiochemicalprocess.B.Thetipofaroot.C.Achemicalcompound.D.Atypeofplantcell.正确答案：C[解析]本题考查细节理解。根据第一段倒数第三句“TheprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP”可知，ATP是一种高能量化合物。所以，答案是C。

6.

Theunderlinedword"intact"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.matureB.wildC.wholeD.tiny正确答案：C[解析]本题考查词义理解。解题点在于第二段第一句“Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.”，

句意为：对于分离出的根所做的研究提供了对完整植物中根和芽的关系的理解。intact“完整的”；mature“成熟的”；wild“野生的”；whole“整体的”；tiny“微小的”。比较可知，答案是C。

7.

Theuseofthephrase"comesinhandy"underlinedinParagraph2indicatesthattheprocessis______.A.unavoidableB.predictableC.necessaryD.successful正确答案：C[解析]本题考查词义理解。根据文章第二段第四句“Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.”可知，这对于芽在早春的生长很是必要，在那时叶还没有起作用。所以comesinhandy应表“必要”，unavoidable“不可避免的”；predictable“可预测的”；necessary“必要的”；successful“成功的”。比较可知，答案是C。

8.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,intheearlyspring,thebudsofplants______.A."export"proteinintheformofaminoacidsB.donotrequirewaterC.havebegunphotosynthesizingD.obtainorganiccompoundsfromtheroot正确答案：D[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据第二段第三、四句“Inaddition，rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.”可知，根能为芽提供有机氮，这对于芽在早春的生长很是必要，因为叶在那时还没有起作用。由此可知，早春时，植物的芽是从根处获得有机化合物的。所以，答案是D。

9.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?A.Theresultsoftwoexperimentsarecompared.B.Ageneralizationismade,andseveralexamplesofitaregiven.C.Thefindingsofanexperimentareexplained.D.Ahypothesisispresented,andseveralmeansofprovingitaresuggested.正确答案：C[解析]本题考查主旨大意。本文的主旨为第二段第一句“Thestudyofisolatedrootshasproviedanunderstandingoftherelationshisbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants”句意为：这是植物生理学家通过研究种植在实验瓶中的根，及在此基础上研究根和在芽植物整体间的关系取得的。本文对此作了较详尽的解释。所以，文章是在对实验结果进行解释说明。所以，答案是C。

10.

Whereisthispassagelikelytobefound?A.Anewsletter.B.Amagazine.C.Astorybook.D.Anovel.正确答案：B[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据本篇文章的结构和文体可知，该文不可能是一篇时事通讯，(因为该文发生在大约50年前)，文章也不会是一篇故事或小说。文章是对实验结果的解释，可能是发表在一份杂志上。所以，答案是B。

She'scute,noquestion.Symmetricalfeatures,flawlessskin,lookstobe22yearsold-enteringanymeat-marketbar,awomanluckyenoughtohavethisfacewouldturnenoughheadstostirabreeze.ButwhenVictorJohnstonpointsandclicks,thefaceonhiscomputerscreenchangesintoastateofsuperheated,crystallizedbeauty."Youcanseeit.It'sjustsoextraordinary,"saysJohnston,aprofessorofbiopsychologyatNewMexicoStateUniversitywhosoundsalittleinlovewithhiscreation.

Thetransformationfromprettywomantoknee-weakeningbabeisallthemoreamazingbecausethechangeswroughtbyJohnston'ssoftwareare,objectivelyspeaking,quitesubtle.Hecreatedtheoriginalfacebydigitallyaveraging16randomlyselectedfemaleCaucasianfaces.Thechangingpro-gramthenexaggeratedthewaysinwhichfemalefacesdifferfrommalefaces,creating,inhuman-beauty-sciencefield,a"hyper-female".Theeyesgrewabitlarger,thenosenarrowedslightlyandthelipsplumped.Theseareshiftsofjustafewmillimeters,butexperimentsinthiscountryandScotlandaresuggestingthatbothmalesandfemalesfind"feminized"versionsofaveragedfacesmorebeautiful.

Johnstonhatchedthislittlemovieaspartofhisongoingstudyintowhyhumanbeingsfindsomepeopleattractiveandothershomely.Hemaynothaveanyrock-solidanswersyet,butheisfarfromaloneinattemptingtoapplyscientificinquirytosoambiguousasubject.Aroundtheworld,re-searchersaremarchingintoterritoryformerlystakedoutbypoetsandpainterstouncovertheunderpinningsofhumanattractiveness.

Theresearchresultssofararesurprisingandhumbling.Numerousstudiesindicatethathumanbeautymaynotbesimplyintheeyeofthebeholderoranarbitraryculturalartifact.Itmaybeancientanduniversal,wroughtthroughagesofevolutionthatrewardedreproductivewinnersandkilledofflosers.Ifbeautyisnottruth,itmaybehealthandfertility:HalleBerry'sflawlessskinmayfascinatemoviegoersbecause,atsomedeeplevel,itpersuadesusthatsheisparasite-free.

Humanattractivenessresearchisarelativelyyoungandcertainlycontentiousfield-theallureofhyper—females,forexample,isstillhotlydebated—butthoseonitsfrontlinesagreeononepoint:Wewon'tconquer"looks—ism"untilweunderstanditssource.AspsychologistNancyEtcoffputsit:"Theideathatbeautyisunimportantoraculturalconstructistherealbeautymyth.Wehavetounderstandbeauty,orwewillalwaysbeenslavedbyit."11.

Theword"symmetrical"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.proportionateB.gorgeousC.splendidD.unique正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“Symmetricalfeatures，flawlessskin，lookstobe22yearsold”可知，匀称的体型，无暇的皮肤，看起来只有22岁。选项中的A项为“成比例的”符合文意。B项“漂亮的”，C项“华丽的”，D项“个性的，有特点的”，这三项均不符合题意。

12.

Thewomandescribedintheverybeginningofthetextis______.A.infactinherlatetwentiesB.Johnston'sidealgirlfriendC.astunningbeautyD.isaprofessionalprostitute正确答案：C[解析]通过第一段内容“She'scute...awomanluckyenoughtohavethisfacewouldturnenoughheadstostirabreeze.”可知，