信息必刷卷 03(北京专用)(解析版)

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页年高考英语考前信息必刷卷03北京专用北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）.回顾2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇记叙文，考查点：动词词义辨析（4个），动词短语（1个），形容词（3个），副词（1个），名词（1个）。语法填空A篇是一篇记叙文，考查点：介词，不定式，动词时态各一题；B篇是说明文，考查点:非谓语，宾语从句，主谓一致各一题；C篇是记叙文，考查点：反身代词，定语从句，形容词比较级，动词时态各一题。阅读理解A篇应用文，考查点：细节理解题（3题）；B篇记叙文，考查点：细节理解题（3题），推理判断题（1题）；C篇说明文，推理判断题（2题），细节理解题（1题）；D篇，议论文，（推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题各一。）阅读表达是一篇说明文，写作是一篇应用文-建议信。本套试卷完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和他的妻子在旅行时帮助了一位患病的妇女登上飞机的故事，同时作者也呼吁人们要勇于倾听和帮助别人。短文填空（A篇是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是据《中国日报》报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天；B篇一篇说明文。主要介绍了联合国的语言日。联合国汉语日是在每年的4月20日；C篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是积极压力的重要性）。阅读理解（A篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍奥林匹克研究中心；B篇是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者逃避噪音，寻求安静的过程，告诉读者内心平静的时刻使人们的生活更美好；C篇是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科技给医疗带来了很大的改变。文章列举了远程医疗为人们带来的方便和益处；D篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究发现猫科动物一个不为人所知的认知能力——通过声音定位物体，明白物体恒常性）。七选五是一篇说明文。主要讲述了对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。阅读表达是一篇记叙文。书面表达是应用文。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。RecentlymywifeandIwereflyingacrossthecountry.Wewereabouttoboardour___1___whenawomansittingnexttoushadamedicalepisode.Icamebackfromtherestroomandsatdownnexttomywife,wholeanedintomeandwhispered“Something’s___2___.”Awomanwascollapsingandquicklylostcontrolofherbody.I___3___andbentinfrontofher,askingifshewasokay.She___4___herselfasMissJackie.ItoldherthatIwasnota___5___,butIwasthereforhertohelpinanywaysheneeded.InonehandIheldhersandwithmyotherhandIsupportedherhead,carefullyaskingwhatwashappening.She___6___thatshehadacondition.Whenherbodyisexposedtoalotofstress,herbodygoesintoanervousbreakdown.Sheexplainedthatshehadsufferedfromthis___7___conditionforthirtyyearsandwouldbe“perfectlyfineinjustawhile”.JustlikeJackiesaid,shewascompletelyfinewithinabouttwentyminutes.AsIwasstillconcernedabouther,Jackieagreedtoboardwithmy___8___.Istayedbehindtoensuresheboardedtheplanesafeandsound.___9___,whatJackieneededwassomeonetolistentoher.Don’tbeafraidtolistentostrangersandhelpthemout.Everyonehastheirownbattlesand____10____andsometimestheyjustneedsomeonetocare.1．A．ship B．train C．bus D．flight2．A．extraordinary B．different C．wrong D．unfamiliar3．A．jumpedup B．pulledup C．madeup D．wokeup4．A．explained B．introduced C．claimed D．described5．A．judge B．policeman C．journalist D．doctor6．A．revealed B．insisted C．denied D．expected7．A．normal B．casual C．terrible D．necessary8．A．control B．accompany C．agreement D．appointment9．A．Strangely B．Certainly C．Naturally D．Actually10．A．conflicts B．struggles C．competitions D．campaigns【答案】1．D

2．C

3．A

4．B

5．D

6．A

7．C

8．B

9．D

10．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和他的妻子在旅行时帮助了一位患病的妇女登上飞机的故事，同时作者也呼吁人们要勇于倾听和帮助别人。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正准备登机时坐在我们旁边的一位女士突然发病了。A.ship船；B.train火车；C.bus公交车；D.flight航班。根据前文“RecentlymywifeandIwereflyingacrossthecountry.”可知，最近作者和他的妻子将要坐飞机穿越这个国家，推断出他们正准备登机。故选D项。2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从洗手间回来，坐在我妻子的旁边，她靠过来低声说：“有点不对劲儿。”。A.extraordinary不同寻常的；B.different不同的；C.wrong（身体）有毛病的；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文“Awomanwascollapsingandquicklylostcontrolofherbody.”可知，一位妇女倒下了并且身体快速地失去控制，推断出作者的妻子发现旁边的妇女身体出了问题。故选C项。3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我跳起来在她面前俯下身，问她是否还好。A.jumpedup跳起来；B.pulledup阻止；C.madeup弥补；D.wokeup醒来。根据前文“satdownnexttomywife”可知，作者当时是坐在椅子上的，由于突发的情况，推断出他是从椅子上跳起来帮助这个妇女。故选A项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她介绍说她是MissJackie。A.explained解释；B.introduced介绍；C.claimed声明；D.described描述。根据前文“I___3___andbentinfrontofher,askingifshewasokay.”可知，作者在询问这位妇女的情况，推断出妇女是在回答作者的问题，所以介绍了自己的名字。故选B项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我不是医生，但是如果她有任何需要我都会尽力帮助她。A.judge裁判，法官；B.policeman警察；C.journalist记者；D.doctor医生。根据后文“InonehandIheldhersandwithmyotherhandIsupportedherhead,carefullyaskingwhatwashappening.”可知，作者一手扶着她的手而另一只手托着她的头，仔细询问她发生了什么情况，说明作者看不出妇女的病情，推断出他并不是医生。故选D项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她透露说她有疾病。A.revealed透露；B.insisted坚持；C.denied否认；D.expected期盼。根据前文“carefullyaskingwhatwashappening”可知作者询问了她的情况，所以她告诉作者她的疾病。故选A项。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只是说他患有这种糟糕的症状已经有三十年了，过一会儿就会完全好起来。A.normal正常的；B.casual随意的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.necessary必要的。根据前文“Awomanwascollapsingandquicklylostcontrolofherbody.”可知，妇女发病的时候很痛苦，不能控制自己的身体，推断出她认为这个疾病很糟糕。故选C项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我仍旧担心她，Jackie同意在我的陪伴下登机。A.control控制；B.accompany陪伴；C.agreement同意；D.appointment约会。根据后文“Istayedbehindtoensuresheboardedtheplanesafeandsound.”可知，作者站在妇女的身后确保她平安健康地登上飞机，推断出作者是陪伴着Jackie登上飞机的。故选B项。9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Jack真正需要的是有个人听她说话。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Certainly确定；C.Naturally自然地；D.Actually事实上。根据后文“whatJackieneededwassomeonetolistentoher”可知，Jackie只是需要有人听她说话这是一个客观事实，“事实上”符合句意。故选D项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有自己的斗争与难事，并且有些时候他们需要的仅仅是某些人的关心。A.conflicts冲突；B.struggles难事；C.competitions比赛；D.campaigns战役。根据前文“She___6___thatshehadacondition.”可知，她患有疾病就是她面临的难事。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AccordingtoChinaDaily,thesummerof2022becamethehottestsinceChina’smeteorological(气象学的)records____11____(begin).Theweatherforecastreportedthatthehightemperatureinsomeareascouldreach40℃,____12____(possible)breakingrecords.____13____(affect)bythehightemperatures,someareasexperienceddroughtandadecreaseinagriculturalproduction.Peopleandgovernmentsshouldbepreparedtodomoretotackleclimatechange.【答案】11．began

12．possibly

13．Affected【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是据《中国日报》报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。11．考查时态。句意：据《中国日报》报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。since引导的时间状语从句中时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式began，故填began。12．考查副词。句意：天气预报说，一些地区的高温可能达到40℃，可能会打破纪录。空格处用副词修饰动词breaking，possible的副词是possibly，意为“可能”，故填possibly。13．考查非谓语动词。句意：受高温影响，一些地区出现干旱，农业减产。句中谓语是experienced，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Affected。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。LanguageDaysattheUnitedNationsseek____14____(celebrate)culturaldiversityandpromoteequalusageoftheofficiallanguages.Therearesixdaysforeachofthesixofficiallanguages.TheChineselanguageisoneofthesixofficiallanguageschosenbytheUnitedNations,andUNChineseLanguageDay____15____(hold)onApril20everyyear.ThedatewasselectedfromGuyu,____16____isthe6thof24solartermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar.【答案】14．tocelebrate

15．isheld

16．which【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了联合国的语言日。联合国汉语日是在每年的4月20日。14．考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国的语言日旨在庆祝文化多样性，促进官方语言的平等使用。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：seektodosth意为“企图、试图干某事”。故填tocelebrate。15．考查主谓一致和语态。句意：汉语是联合国选定的六种官方语言之一，每年的4月20日为“联合国汉语日”。分析句子结构可知，本句是and连接的并列句，后句缺少谓语动词，所以hold做本句谓语，和主语UNChineseLanguageDay之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据标志词everyyear可知，应该用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填isheld。16．考查定语从句关系词。句意：这一天选自谷雨，是24节气中的第6个节气。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，现行词是Guyu，指物，应该用which引导。故填which。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Usually,stressisseenasbeingbad,butthisisnotalwaystrue.Eustress(积极压力)isthepositivetermforstress.It____17____(relate)towell-beingandpositiveattitudes.Eustressoccurswhenthegapbetweenwhatonehasandwhatonewantsis____18____(slight)pushed.Eustresscreatesabetterenvironmentforpeople,which____19____(make)themperformbetterandcostless.Therefore,Eustressisnecessary____20____achievement.【答案】17．isrelated

18．slightly

19．makes

20．for【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是积极压力的重要性。17．考查动词。句意：它与幸福和积极的态度有关。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句中berelatedto为固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填isrelated。18．考查副词。句意：当一个人所拥有的和想要的之间的差距被略微拉大时，就会出现“良性压力”。分析句子，设空处使用slight的副词slightly作状语，意为“稍微地”。故填slightly。19．考查动词。句意：良性压力为人们创造了一个更好的环境，使他们表现得更好，成本更低。分析句子，设空处使用动词作which引导定语从句的谓语动词，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。which指代前文的environment，为单数。故填makes。20．考查介词。句意：因此，积极压力对于取得成就是必要的。句中benecessaryfor为固定短语，意为“对……是有必要的”。故填for。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATHEOLYMPICSTUDIESCENTREYOURSOURCEOFREFERENCEFOROLYMPICKNOWLEDGETheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferenceforOlympicknowledge.Ourmissionistosharethisknowledgewithprofessionalsandresearchersthroughprovidinginformation,givingaccesstoouruniquecollections,enablingresearchandstimulatingintellectualexchange.AspartoftheIOC,weareuniquelyplacedtocollectandsharethemostup-to-dateandaccurateinformationonOlympism.OurcollectionsincludetheIOCarchives(档案),theofficialpublicationsoftheIOCandtheOrganizingCommitteeoftheOlympicGamesaswellasbooks,articlesandjournals.HERETOHELPWhateveryourinterestintheOlympicMovement—academicorprofessional—wewillhelpyoufindtheinformationyouneed,quicklyandeasily.We’rehereto:Answeryourquestions:sharefactualandhistoricalinformation,GamesresultsandstatisticsGivepersonalizedguidance:helpyoufindwhatyouneedinourextensivelibraryandarchivesLendyoubooksandpublications,eveninternationallyGiveyouonlineaccess:toourelectronicdocumentsAwardresearchgrants:toPhDstudentsandestablishedresearchersConnectyoutoournetwork:ofacademicexpertsinOlympicstudiesJointheacademiccommunityinterestedinOlympicstudiesOneofourkeyrolesistofacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheIOCandtheinternationalacademiccommunityinordertopromoteresearchandstimulateintellectualexchange.Thisworldwidecommunityismainlycomposedofover40OlympicStudiesCentersandhundredsofindividualscholarsanduniversitystudentsworkingonacademicprojectsrelatedtothefieldofOlympicstudies.Thankstothisregularexchangeandtheworkconductedbytheacademics,weenrichtheworld’sOlympicknowledge,sharenewanalysisonkeytopicsrelatedtotheOlympicMovementandcanprovideguidancetouniversitieswishingtolaunchinitiativesonOlympicstudies.JoinouracademicmailinglistUniversityprofessorsandresearchersareinvitedtojoinouracademicmailinglisttobeinformedaboutourfutureactivitiesandotherupdatesconcerningOlympicstudiesinitiatives.Tojoin,emailuswithabriefdescriptionofyouracademicstatusandyourfullcontactdetails.VISITUSYou’llfindusnextdoortotheOlympicMuseuminLausanne,Switzerland.We’reopenMondaytoFriday,9amto5pm,exceptonpublicholidaysandonChristmas.Youdon’tneedanappointmenttousethelibraryandthestudyrooms.Ifyouwouldliketoseethehistoricalarchivesorneedpersonalguidancetofindyourwayaroundourcollections,pleasefilloutourvisitorrequestform.21．TheOlympicStudiesCentermainlyaimsto________.A．givepersonalizedguidanceB．provideresourcesontheOlympicsC．receiveOlympicfansacrosstheworldD．updateinformationonOlympismforofficials22．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheacademiccommunity?A．ItisorganizedbyOlympicofficials.B．Itlaunchesprojectsatuniversities.C．Itpromotesacademicexchanges.D．Itprovideselectronicdocuments.23．Ifyouwanttovisitthecenter,youhaveto________.A．filloutavisitorrequestform B．entertheOlympicMuseumC．makeanappointment D．arriveonworkdays【答案】21．B

22．C

23．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍奥林匹克研究中心。21．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句TheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferenceforOlympicknowledge.“国际奥委会奥林匹克研究中心是世界奥林匹克知识的参考来源。”由此可知，奥林匹克研究中心的主要目标是提供有关奥林匹克的资源。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据JointheacademiccommunityinterestedinOlympicstudies中OneofourkeyrolesistofacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheIOCandtheinternationalacademiccommunityinordertopromoteresearchandstimulateintellectualexchange.“我们的主要作用之一是促进国际奥委会和国际学术界之间的交流与合作，以促进研究和促进智力交流。”由此可知，关于学术界，它促进学术交流。故选C。23．推理判断题。根据VISITUS中You’llfindusnextdoortotheOlympicMuseuminLausanne,Switzerland.We’reopenMondaytoFriday,9amto5pm,exceptonpublicholidaysandonChristmas“我们就在瑞士洛桑奥林匹克博物馆隔壁。我们周一至周五上午9点至下午5点营业，公众假期和圣诞节除外。”由此可知，如果你想参观这个中心，你必须在工作日到达。故选D。BMyqueststartedwhenIwasontheNewYorksubway.Somechildrenwerewhining.Fourtrainscamescreamingintothestationatonce.Iputmyhandsovermyearsandcowered(蜷缩)—thenoisewasdeafening.Incities,theever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereisnoescapefromitanditwasbeginningtodrivememad.Inanattempttorecapturesomepeace,IdecidedtogoonamissiontofindthequietestplaceonEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.TheoneplaceIwasmostexcitedaboutvisitingwasananechoicchamber(消声室)inMinnesota.Ironically,farfrombeingpeaceful,mostpeoplefinditsperfectquietupsetting.AndyetIbookeda45-minutesession—noonehadmanagedtostayinforthatlongbefore.Whentheheavydoorshutbehindme,Iwasplungedintodarkness—alllightswereturnedoffbecausetheycouldalsomakeanoise.Forthefirstfewseconds,beinginsuchaquietplacefeltlikeheaven,aremedyformyunsettlednerves.Then,afteraminuteortwo,Ibecameawareofthesoundofmybreathing.Astheminutestickedby,thebeatofmyheartbecameapparent.ThenIheardastrange,metallicscrapingnoise.WasIhallucinating?Thefeelingofpeacewasspoiledbyasensationofdisappointment—thisplacewasn’tquietatall.ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsIcouldhearandbegantoenjoyit.Ididn’tfeelafraidandcameoutonlybecausemytimewasup.EveryonewasimpressedthatI’dbeatentherecord,buthavingspentsolongsearchingforquiet,Iwascomfortablewiththefeelingofabsolutestillness.Afterward,Ifeltwonderfullyrestedandcalm.Mydesireforsilencechangedmylife.Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmydayisthekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsoundenvironment—fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you’llbecomealotmoreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydaylife.24．Whatpushedtheauthortoseekachange?A．Theannoyingkids. B．Loudchatsinstations.C．Theroarofsubway. D．Endlessnoisesindailylife.25．WhydidtheauthorpicktheanechoicchamberinMinnesota?A．Itmightgiveperfectsilence. B．Itlaunchedatimechallenge.C．Itofferedprofessionalguidance. D．Itwastheonlyoneofitskind.26．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasintheanechoicchamber?A．Hestartedtalkingtohimself. B．Heheardsoundsfromtheoutside.C．Hemadesomementaladjustments. D．Hefeltscaredinthefirstfewminutes.27．Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A．Noisesstopusfrommakingprogress. B．Momentsofinnerquietbetterourlives.C．Weshouldbravelyovercomeourfears. D．Astateofpeaceandcalmishardtoattain.【答案】24．D

25．A

26．C

27．B【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者逃避噪音，寻求安静的过程，告诉读者内心平静的时刻使人们的生活更美好。24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Incities,theever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereisnoescapefromitanditwasbeginningtodrivememad.(在城市里，无处不在的飞机、汽车、机器和人声的沉闷轰鸣声是生活的现实。它无处可逃，快要把我逼疯了)”可知，是日常生活中无休止的噪音促使作者寻求改变。故选D项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Inanattempttorecapturesomepeace,IdecidedtogoonamissiontofindthequietestplaceonEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.TheoneplaceIwasmostexcitedaboutvisitingwasananechoicchamber(消声室)inMinnesota.(为了重新获得一些平静，我决定去执行一项任务，找到地球上最安静的地方，看看绝对的安静是否存在。最让我兴奋的地方是明尼苏达州的一个消声室)”可知，因为明尼苏达州的消声室可能会带来完美的安静，作者选择了它。故选A项。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsIcouldhearandbegantoenjoyit.(然后，我不再纠结于我能听到什么这项身体功能，我开始享受它)”可知，在消声室里作者做了一些心理调整。故选C项。27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmydayisthekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsoundenvironment—fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you’llbecomealotmoreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydaylife.(我发现在每天的生活中为安静的时刻留出空间是幸福的关键。如果你偶尔能成为自己声音环境的主人——从关掉手机到去乡下旅行，你会变得更能接受日常生活中的噪音)”可知，本文传达了内心平静的时刻让我们的生活更好的信息。故选B项。CAsinformationtechnologyhasimproved,themedicalindustry’sabilitytotreatpatientshasincreasedsignificantly.Overthepastdecade,doctorsandhealthcareprofessionalshaveseentheriseoftelemedicine.Inthemostbasicterms,telemedicinereferstothecapabilityofpatientstoconsultwithdoctorsusingremoteconferencingtechnology—thatis,withouttheneedforanin-personvisit.Inconventionalmedicine,patientsanddoctorsrarelydiscussthedetailsofapatient’sproblemorspecifictreatmentsoverthetelephone.Thesediscussionswerealmostalwayskeptwithintheprivacyofahospitaloradoctor’soffice.Thecostofhealthcareinsomecountriesisastronomicallyexpensive.Millionsofpeopleworldwidecannotreceiveproperhealthcareservicesbecauseofthecostofthetreatment.However,withhigh-speedinternetvideoconferencingandonlinefile-sharingtechnology,accesstohealthcarehasbecomemuchmoreconvenientandaffordablebecausehealthcareisprovidedfromthepatient’shome,andtransportationandtransferexpensesareeliminated(消除).AnarticlewrittenbytheAmericanJournalofManagedCareindicatesthatonaveragevirtualappointmentscostbetween$40to$50,whilein-personvisitscostawhopping(巨大的)$179onaverage.Thismakestelemedicineamorecost-effectiveoption.Inadditiontothepositiveeconomicbenefits,forelderlypatients,orthosewithmobilityissues,telemedicineisagamechanger.Healthcareisalsonolongerlimitedbytheopenhoursatthelocaldoctor’soffice.Withthegloballyconnectedinternet,patientscancontactadoctoranytime.Theycouldaseasilyseeksecondopinionsfromdoctorsinotherpartsofthecountryorontheothersideoftheworld,forthatmatter.What’smore,telemedicinereducestherisksoftransmittinginfectiousdiseases,Inthepast,peoplewithsymptomssuchasflu,measles,etc.,visitedhospitals.Asthosediseasesarecontagious,othervisitorsandworkersareatriskofbeingexposedtothosediseases.Thisiswheretelemedicinecanstepintopreventcontagiousdiseasesfromspreading.Evenbetter,telemedicinelowersthenumberofpatientsinhospitals,whichfreesupstaffandresourcesforpatientsinurgentneed.Foraglimpseofthefutureoftelemedicine,considertheinternethospitalsthathaveemergedinrecentyears,whichoffermedicalconsultationstousersofonlineplatforms.Withthehelpofinternethospitals,userscanscheduleanappointmentandhaveahigh-qualityvideoconferencewithaqualifiedandprofessionalphysician.Moreover,doctorscanevenprescribeandhavemedicationonlineandhavethemshippedtothepatientsusingexpress.Lessthantwodecadesago,suchconvenientaccesstohealthcarewouldhaveseemedunimaginable.However,itdoeshavelimitations,suchascollectingfreshsamplesformedicaltestsandX-rays.Whiletelemedicinecan’tchangethecurrenthealthcareovernight,itwillbeapartofthemodemmedicalsystem.28．WhatareParagraph2andParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thecostofthehealthcare. B．Theadvantagesoftelemedicine.C．Theprivacyissueofthepatients. D．Thepreventionofthecontagiousdiseases.29．Accordingtothepassage,withtelemedicine,patients.A．paythehealthcareexpenseeasilyonlineB．getaccesstodifferentkindsofmedicaltestsC．havetheriskofbeingaffectedbythediseasesD．getprofessionalsuggestionsfromdoctorsathomeandabroad30．Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A．Internethospitalswillreplaceconventionalhospitalsinthefuture.B．Telemedicine’sexistingproblemsaregreaterthanthepotentialbenefits.C．Doctorsfindtelemedicinehelpfulforcollectingfreshmedicaltestsamples.D．Telemedicinemakesthemedicalserviceavailablefromthecomfortofhome.【答案】28．B

29．D

30．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科技给医疗带来了很大的改变。文章列举了远程医疗为人们带来的方便和益处。28．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“However,withhigh-speedinternetvideoconferencingandonlinefile-sharingtechnology,accesstohealthcarehasbecomemuchmoreconvenientandaffordablebecausehealthcareisprovidedfromthepatient’shome,andtransportationandtransferexpensesareeliminated.(然而，随着高速互联网视频会议和在线文件共享技术的发展，医疗保健变得更加方便和负担得起，因为医疗保健是在患者家中提供的，并且消除了运输和转移费用。)”以及第三段中“Inadditiontothepositiveeconomicbenefits,forelderlypatients,orthosewithmobilityissues,telemedicineisagamechanger.(除了积极的经济利益外，对于老年患者或行动不便的患者来说，远程医疗是一个改变游戏规则的因素。)”可知，第二段和第三段主要讲述的是远程医疗的优势。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Healthcareisalsonolongerlimitedbytheopenhoursatthelocaldoctor’soffice.Withthegloballyconnectedinternet,patientscancontactadoctoranytime.(保健服务也不再受当地医生办公室开放时间的限制。有了全球联网的互联网，患者可以随时联系医生。)”可知，有了远程医疗患者不受空间限制可以从国内外医生那里得到专业的建议。故选D。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Withthehelpofinternethospitals,userscanscheduleanappointmentandhaveahigh-qualityvideoconferencewithaqualifiedandprofessionalphysician.Moreover,doctorscanevenprescribeandhavemedicationonlineandhavethemshippedtothepatientsusingexpress.(在互联网医院的帮助下，用户可以预约并与合格的专业医生进行高质量的视频会议。此外，医生甚至可以在网上处方和获取药物，并使用快递将药物运送给患者。)”可知远程医疗使人们足不出户就可以享受医疗服务。故选D。DYourcatisprobablykeepingtrackofwhereyouare,evenifyourfeline(猫科的)friendisn’tinthesameroomwithyouandcan’tseeyou.Scientistsrecentlylearnedthathousecatscreate“mentalmaps”thattellthemwherenearbyhumansarelocated,basedonwheresoundsarecomingfrom.Theresearcherstestedcatsbyplayingrecordingsofhumanvoicescallingthecats’names;theythenplayedthoserecordingsagain,onlythistimethroughaspeakerinadifferentplace,sothatthesamesoundscamefromfartheraway.Thecatsactedsurprisedwhenthefamiliarvoicecamefromalocationthattheydidn’texpect,basedonwhattheyhadalreadyheard.Thissuggeststhatcatsspatially(空间上)locatetheirunseenhumancompanionsusingaudiocues—acognitive(认知)abilitythatwaspreviouslyunknowninfelines.Knowingthatsomethingcontinuestoexistevenifit’soutofsightiscalledobjectpermanence,andit’satestthatresearchersusetomeasureanimalintelligence.Humanbabiestypicallybegintodevelopobjectpermanencewhenthey’rearound8monthsold,andthisabilitybecomesmoreadvancedwhenbabiesreach10to12monthsold;atthatstage,babiescanfindhiddenobjects,andtheybegintorealizethattheirparentsandcaregiversdon’tdisappearjustbecausetheycan’tbeseen,accordingtotheMayoClinic.Inotherstudies,catshavealsoshownthattheycandistinguishbetweenfamiliarandunfamiliarhumanvoicesandthattheycanorientatehiddenobjects.So“itseemsreasonablethatcatsshouldbeabletomentallymapothers’locationsbasedonsounds,”thescientistssaidinthestudy.Beingabletoformamentalpictureoftheoutsideworld“isanimportantfeatureincomplexthinking,”andthesefindingsputthestudyinanewlight,whichcouldinformfuturestudiesoffelinecognition,thestudyauthorsconcluded.31．Howdohousecatslocatetheirhumancompanions?A．Bytrackingvoices. B．Bysearchingmaps.C．Byobservingbehavior. D．Byidentifyingrecordings.32．Whydoesthewritermentionhumanbabies?A．Tobetterclarifycats’cognitiveability.B．Toindicatethementallevelofchildren.C．Totellhowtotestcats’cognitiveability.D．Toshowhowtodevelopbabies’intelligence.33．Whatdoes“orientate”underlinedinparagraph4mean?A．Choose. B．Record. C．Recognize. D．Position.34．Whatdothestudyauthorsthinkoftheirfindings?A．Usefulforpetanimaltraining. B．Helpfulforfurtherstudiesoncats.C．Necessaryforraisingcatsaspets. D．Importantformentalresearchoncats.【答案】31．A

32．A

33．D

34．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究发现猫科动物一个不为人所知的认知能力——通过声音定位物体，明白物体恒常性。31．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Scientistsrecentlylearnedthathousecatscreate“mentalmaps”thattellthemwherenearbyhumansarelocated,basedonwheresoundsarecomingfrom.(科学家最近发现，家猫会根据声音的来源绘制“心理地图”，告诉它们附近人类的位置)”可知，猫可以通过追踪人类的声音来确定他们的位置。故选A。32．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thissuggeststhatcatsspatially(空间上)locatetheirunseenhumancompanionsusingaudiocues—acognitive(认知)abilitythatwaspreviouslyunknowninfelines.(这表明猫利用音频线索在空间上定位它们看不见的人类同伴——这是一种以前猫科动物不为人知的认知能力)”和第三段的“Knowingthatsomethingcontinuestoexistevenifit’soutofsightiscalledobjectpermanence,andit’satestthatresearchersusetomeasureanimalintelligence.Humanbabiestypicallybegintodevelopobjectpermanencewhenthey’rearound8monthsold,andthisabilitybecomesmoreadvancedwhenbabiesreach10to12monthsold;atthatstage,babiescanfindhiddenobjects,andtheybegintorealizethattheirparentsandcaregiversdon’tdisappearjustbecausetheycan’tbeseen,accordingtotheMayoClinic.(知道一些东西即使在看不见的情况下也会继续存在，这被称为物体恒常性，这是研究人员用来测量动物智力的一种测试。人类婴儿通常在8个月大的时候开始发展物体恒存能力，当婴儿长到10到12个月大的时候，这种能力会变得更高级；根据梅奥诊所的说法，在这个阶段，婴儿可以找到隐藏的物体，他们开始意识到他们的父母和照顾者不会因为他们看不见而消失)”推知，提到人类婴儿是为了更好的阐明猫的认知力之一——物体恒常性。故选A。33．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“itseemsreasonablethatcatsshouldbeabletomentallymapothers’locationsbasedonsounds(猫应该能够根据声音在心理上描绘出他人的位置，这似乎是合理的)”可知，猫能根据声音在心理上描绘他人的位置，即它们能根据声音定位看不见的物体。由此可知划线词意为“定位”，与position同义。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beingabletoformamentalpictureoftheoutsideworld“isanimportantfeatureincomplexthinking,”andthesefindingsputthestudyinanewlight,whichcouldinformfuturestudiesoffelinecognition,thestudyauthorsconcluded.(研究作者总结说，能够形成外部世界的心理画面“是复杂思维的一个重要特征”，这些发现让这项研究有了新的视角，可以为未来对猫认知的研究提供信息)”可知，研究人员认为他们的发现有助于对猫的认知力的进一步研究。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldrideitout.Theytieduptheirownstuff,andcheckedinwithneighborstoensureeveryonehadenoughfoodandwater.___35___,risingalongwiththewaterandgoingbacktoitsoriginalpositionaftertherainstopped.Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater’ssurface.___36___,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer(污水管道)systemandpowergrid.Theyarestructurallysimilartohousesbuiltonland.___37___SitiBoelen,theSchoonschipresident,saysthatwhenshefirstmovedin,stormyweathermadeherthinktwice.“Youfeelitinyourstomach,”shesays,addingthatshehasgottenusedtothefeeling.Floatinghomesalsorequireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem.___38___.“Iftherearefloods,it’sexpectedthatmanypeoplewillmovetohigherground.Butthealternativeistostayclosetocoastalcitiesandexploreexpansionontothewater,”saysRutgerdeGraaf.“___39___.That’sunavoidablemerelyhalfacenturyaway.Weneedtostartnowtoincreasethescaleoffloatingdevelopments.”A．TheythenboardedtheirfloatinghousesB．Butthebe