浙江省9+1高中联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

绝密☆考试结束前宁波市2023学年第一学期期末九校联考高二英语试题考生须知：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。满分150分，考试时间120分钟：2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字：3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效：4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthewomangotothepostoffice?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.3.WhyneedthewomantalktoJohnny?A.Forhisabsence.B.Forhisgrades.C.Forhislateness4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Achef.B.Awaiter.C.Asecretary.5.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?A.$5.45.B.$5.35.C.$5.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasatoothache.C.Shehasaheadache.7.Whenshouldthewomantakemedicine?A.Twohoursbeforethemeal.B.Onehourafterthemeal.C.Onehourbeforethemeal.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthehousesinEccles?A.They'reinthecheapestarea.B.They'reinthenewestarea.C.They'reinthebusiestarea9.WhatisthedisadvantageofthehouseinManton?A.It'sunfurnished.B.It'snoisyC.It'sold-fashioned.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Realestateagentandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatwillthewomanwatchat7:00p.m.?A.News.B.TheCeltiesgame.C.MasterChef.12.WhowilltheCelticsplayagainsttonight?A.TheLakers.B.TheClippers.C.TheWarriors.13.WhatistheperformanceoftheClippers?A.Theydon'tplaysowellinthisseason.B.Theyarethechampionofthisseason.C.TheyareverylikelytobeattheCelties.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatproblemarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Therearen'tenoughbrochures.B.Thenumberoftelephonesisincorrect.C.Thewomansentoutunrelatedbrochures.15.WhatdoesMs.Greypromisetodo?A.Makeanotherorder.B.Bearthefullcostofthedelivery.C.Talkabouttheproblemwithherboss.16.WhatdoesMr.DunphythinkofMs.Grey'sresponse?A.It'ssatisfyingB.It'screative.C.It'sunacceptable.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17.Whereistheflightflyingfrom?A.NewOrleans.B.NewYork.C.Shanghai.18.Howmuchearlierwilltheflightprobablyarriveatthedestination?A.10minutes.B.13minutes.C.30minutes.19.Whatareservedonthisflightaccordingtothespeaker?A.Dessertsandsnacks.B.Pillowsandblankets.C.Moviesandearphones.20.Whydoesthecaptainmakethisannouncement?A.Toeasethepassengers'tension.B.TointroducethesceneryofShanghai.C.Toencouragethepassengerstoorderfood.第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A“Critic’sPick.Themovieisextremelyemotional(likeaToniMorrisonnoveloraMaryOliverpoem).”LISAKENNEDY,THENEWYORKTIMESRavenJaskson*2023*U.S.*97minutes2023GothamAwardNomineeforBreakthroughFigure(RavenJackson)Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.Assheages,sheloseslovedonesandgainsothers,whilemakingdecisionsthatchangethecourseofherlife,andthatofherbelovedsister.Relyingonsoundsandimagestotellherstory,andemployingminimaldialogue,Jacksonhascreatedsomethingbreathtakinglyquietandultimatelytransportingaspiritualrespecttothemoments,feelings,andconnectionsthatmakealife.AnA24release.ShowTimes:November7—November1512:15PM2:15PM4:15PM6:15PM8:15PMPleasenote:*OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November1312:15PM6:15PM*Audiodescriptionavailableatallscreenings.1.Accordingtothepassage,RavenJacksonisa(n)____________.A.critic B.director C.actor D.editor2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Mack’slifeisfullofupsanddowns.B.AllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltishighlythoughtof.C.Newtechnologyisusedtocreatesomethrillingscenes.D.Mack,theleadingrole,isbroughtupinthecountryside.3.WhichshowtimewillbesuitableforJelly,agirlwithhearingdisorder?A.11/7at6:15PM B.11/11at12:15PMC.11/12at8:15PM D.11/14at6:15PM【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一部名叫“AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt”的电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.(RavenJackson《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年来美国电影制作中最引人注目、最感人的处女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一个年轻女人的内心世界中，拍摄和剪辑都非常注重最微小的细节。)”可知，RavenJackson是个导演。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一、二句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.(RavenJackson的《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年来美国电影制作中最引人注目、最感人的处女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一个年轻女人的内心世界中，拍摄和剪辑都非常注重最微小的细节。这段前后跳跃了几十年的印象主义旅程，讲述了Mack在密西西比州农村长大的故事，他的成长经历充满了优雅，点缀着心碎，并总是被周围的自然美景带到高空。)”可知，文章中谈到这部电影受到好评，男主角Mack在农村长大，他的生活充满了起起落落。没有提到C项，故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Pleasenote下列“OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November13,12:15PM,6:15PM(这部电影的开放字幕放映将于11月8日至11月13日下午12:15、6:15进行)”可知，11月11日下午12:15适合患有听力障碍的女孩Jelly。故选B项。BGrowinguponamountainfarminTyrol,Fritzenjoyedwatchinghowcowsandhorsesinteractedwitheachothermorefreely,oncethey’dbeenledoutofthebarnandintopasture.Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.Afterhefinishedhisstudyatuniversity.FritzlandedworkatAustria’sKonradLorenzResearchCenter,raisingravenchicksbyhandandteachinggraylaggeesehowtoopenboxesashepursuedhisPhD.Workingthiscloselywithfree-livinganimalswasexactlywhathe’ddreamedofasaboy.In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隐鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.ButFritzwasfascinated.Hedevotedhimselftotakingcareofthem.Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(迁徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor“south”,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.“Aroundthattime,themovie‘FlyAwayHome’wasahugehitwithusbiologists,”Fritzsays.Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.Hemodifiedanultralightaircraftsoitwouldtravelatspeedsslowenoughforhiswingedstudentstokeepup.Hehadbeenhisyoungpupils’onlyprovideroffood,loveandhugssincetheywerejustafewdaysold,andtheibiseseagerlyfollowedtheirteacher,whojusthappenedtopilotafairlynoisymachine.In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(颠簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.Overthattime,hehasrewilded277youngibises,manyofwhichthenstartedtopasstherouteontotheirownyoung.4.WhatdeterminedFritz’scareerchoice?A.Fritz’schildhoodobservation. B.Fritz’spassionforbiology.C.Fritz’sgrowthenvironment. D.Fritz’sinteractionwithanimals.5.Whatdisappointedthescientistsaboutibischicks?A.Theyareeasytogetlostinthemigration.B.Theyarelackinginthedesiretomigrate.C.Theyareaccustomedtothelifeinthezoo.D.Theyarestrikinglyfarfromeasytoteach.6.WhydidFritzdecidetoteachtheibisesanewmigrationroute?A.Theibisesweretooawkwardtofindanewmigrationroute.B.Theibisesneededaguideforlackofgeographicalknowledge.C.Fritzwantedtoprovethathecouldsucceedinadaringplan.DFritzwantedtorecreateatouchingsceneofapopularmovie.7.WhatisFritzlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.sensitivebutcourageous. B.innovativebutdemanding.C.persistentandinsightful. D.enthusiasticandcooperative.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了生物学家Fritz教给朱鹭一种新的迁徙路线，使这种鸟儿安全迁徙的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.(正是他在少年时代的观察，使他立志成为一名生物学家。)”可知，是Fritz童年的观察决定了他的职业选择。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隐鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.(1997年，一家动物园给了研究中心第一批北方秃头朱鹮幼鸟，它们远不如鹅那么容易教，甚至远不如超级聪明的乌鸦——朱鹮让大多数科学家感到沮丧。)”可知，朱鹭幼鸟非常不容易教，这让科学家感到失望。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(迁徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor‘south’,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.(20多年前，朱鹭第一次被放生到野外后，Fritz了解到，在动物园里生活几代并没有减少它们迁徙的动力，尽管这确实让它们对地理环境一无所知。在寻找‘南方’的过程中，一些人来到了俄罗斯。Fritz认为，朱鹭需要的是一个向导。)”可知，朱鹭缺乏地理知识，需要一个向导，所以Fritz决定教朱鹭一种新的迁徙路线。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.(Fritz决定亲自驾驶一架小飞机，教这些鸟一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线。而且他相信自己能在这个大胆的、非传统的计划中取得成功——因为他以前做过。)”、“Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.(当他宣布他将对朱鹭做同样的事情时，他最初遭到了嘲笑。但Fritz没有放弃。)”以及最后一段“In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(颠簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.(2004年，在经历了一些最初坎坷的实验三年后，Fritz带领第一批鸟类从奥地利迁徙到意大利，此后又带领了15次这样的迁徙。)”可知，Fritz坚持不懈并且富有洞察力。故选C项。CImaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.Walkingin,peoplelivinginTrentonscreamateverythingaboutthiscafé,fromthediversebutlocalstufftotheTrentonthemeddécor(室内装饰)andart.Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.Intheinterviewswithcustomers,atrendinresponsesarose.Tomany,theStarbuckswasa“favoriteplacetostopinafterwork”andprovided“averyrelaxingenvironment.”Thestaffwereoftenhighlypraised,notedasbeingfriendly,helpful,andworkinginharmony.Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.Paintedonthewalls,allaroundthestore,aremurals(壁画)withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesignsverysuigenerisinTrenton,showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.ThisspaceismadeforeveryoneinTrenton,eventhenon-coffeelovers.8.WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1inthepassage?A.Topresentanintroductiontothetopic.B.Tosetabackgroundforthemaintheme.C.Tosummarizethemainideaofthepassage.D.Todescribeacommonphenomenonforthereaders.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.PeopleareamazedatthenumberofjobopportunitiesprovidedbytheStarbucks.B.“Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.C.MostrespondentsregardedtheStarbucksasaharmoniousandentertainingworkplace.D.Numerouspeopleareattractedtostopinafterworkbythemuralswithoriginaldesigns.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suigeneris”meaninParagraph3?A.Substantial. B.Delicate. C.Inspirational. D.Unique.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.StarbucksIsDesignedforEveryoneB.StarbucksGainsPopularityinTrentonC.StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgressD.StarbucksCreatesMoreJobOpportunities【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了特伦顿市第一家星巴克咖啡馆的开业情况及其给市民带来的积极影响。该咖啡馆不仅提供舒适的氛围和美味的咖啡，还担任着“机会咖啡馆”的角色，为社区年轻人提供工作培训和就业机会，促进了城市经济的发展。【8题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段中“Imaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.(想象一下：你走进一个地方，那里的气氛明亮而通风。空气中弥漫着咖啡豆的清香，每个接近你的人都很友好和热情。你很舒服，觉得自己属于这里。和大多数城市一样，这是一个人们见面、讨论想法和开展业务的地方。喝了几口焦糖玛奇朵后，你会立刻感到精力充沛和乐观)”先描述一个轻松、友好且弥漫着咖啡香气的环境，下文“Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也许部分是由于咖啡因和糖的刺激，或者可能是星巴克的存在通常表明一个城市正在崛起)”接着提出本文的话题：星巴克咖啡馆。由此推知，第一段的主要作用是引入主题。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也许是因为星巴克的存在通常表明一个城市正在崛起)”和第二段中“Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.(更好的是，这家星巴克也作为一个“机会咖啡馆”，本质上意味着我们社区的年轻人被招募并提供工作培训和就业。这个项目不仅鼓舞了我们的年轻人，而且还增加了城市中少数族裔企业的数量)”可推知，“机会咖啡”项目可以帮助增加就业，促进经常发展，同时鼓舞年轻人，带来精神上的益处。所以““Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.(“机会咖啡”项目帮助实现经济繁荣，带来精神利益)”是正确的表述。故选B项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.(因为它熟悉的氛围，咖啡馆的内部装饰引起了很多人的注意)”和划线词下文“showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.(展示了当地的纪念碑，比如州议会大厦和著名的“特伦顿制造”桥)”可推知，咖啡馆内部装饰展示的是特伦顿本地大家熟悉的事物。由此推知，“murals(壁画)withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesigns”是当地独一无二的，人们熟悉的壁画。故划线词suigeneris与unique同义。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也许是因为星巴克的存在通常表明一个城市正在崛起)”、第二段中“InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.(2017年12月，特伦顿的第一家星巴克咖啡馆在沃伦街102号向公众开放)”和最后一段中“ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.(这家新的星巴克给特伦顿市中心带来了一种现代感，并提醒我们，我们的城市一直在发展。每天从早上6点开放到晚上7点，这家咖啡馆几乎从来没有空过)”可知，文章介绍了特伦顿的第一家星巴克咖啡馆给城市带来了现代感，推动了城市的崛起，营造了发展的氛围，故“StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgress(星巴克营造出发展的氛围)”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。DInrecentyearsAmericansocietyhasbecomeincreasinglydependentonitsuniversitiestofindsolutionstoitsmajorproblems.Itistheuniversitiesthathavebeentoblamefordevelopingtheexpertisetoplacemenonthemoon;fordealingwithoururbanproblemsandwithourworseningenvironment;fordevelopingthemeanstofeedtheworld’srapidlyincreasingpopulation.Theeffortinvolvedinmeetingthesedemandspresentsitsownproblems.Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollments(登记入学)inouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.Whilehighereducationhasbecomeagreat”growthindustry“,itisalsoatthesametimeatremendousdrain(耗竭)ontheresourcesofthenation.Withthevastincreaseinenrollmentandtheshiftinprioritiesawayfromeducationinstateandfederal(联邦的)budgets,thereisinmostofourpublicinstitutionsasignificantdecreaseinexpensesfortheirstudents.Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty(全体教师),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.12.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatshouldbethemostimportantfunctionofAmericanuniversities?A.Sparingnoefforttocreatenewknowledgeforstudents.B.Enhancingstudents’competenceoftacklingsocialproblems.C.Makingexpertsonadvancedindustriesoutoftheirstudents.D.Preparingtheirstudentstotransmittheknowledgeofthepast.13.InAmericanuniversities,thereisacontradictionbetween________.A.morestudentsandlessinvestment B.educationqualityandeconomicprofitC.lowenrollmentrateandhigheducationdemand D.privateownershipandAmericancommitment14.Aseriousoutcomebroughtaboutbytheshortageofresourcesisthat________.A.manypublicinstitutionshavetocutdownenrollmentsofstudentsB.teachersarenotcompetentenoughtoperformsatisfactorilyinclassC.someinstitutionsareforcedtoreducethetotalexpensesonresearchD.thereiskeencompetitionforresourcesbetweenpublicandprivateinstitutions15.WhatworsenedtheseverityoftheproblemsfacedbyAmericanuniversities?A.TheimproperdistributionofAmericanuniversities’resources.B.TheincreasingargumentoverAmericanuniversities’primarytask.C.TheinabilityofAmericanuniversities’organizationandfulfillment.D.ThegrowingfocusonAmericanuniversities’functionofresearch.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国大学现在存在的问题。大学承担起了开发登月技术、应对我们城市问题及日益恶化的环境、寻求方法养活全球迅速增长的人口等重任，同时，对新知识创造的高度关注，也在很大程度上影响了大学履行其其他主要职能，即传授过去的文化遗产以及培养下一代接班人继续传承下去的能力，从而使美国大学面临科研和教学无法兼顾的尴尬局面。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.(此外，对新知识研究的关注严重影响大学完成其他重要任务，即知识的传承与解释——对过去传统的传播和教育年青一代并将其发扬)”可知，美国大学最重要的职能应该是让学生做好传递过去知识的准备。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollmentsinouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.(关于这个可能是传统上公认的任务，如今的学院和大学发现自己处境严峻。一方面，美国承诺，特别是自第二次世界大战以来，为所有能够从中受益的年轻人提供高等教育。这一承诺的结果是，我们大学的入学人数急剧增加，同时伴随着高等教育从私营部门向公共部门的显著转变)”及第三段“Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.(另一方面，可用于高等教育的资源存在严重且持久的局限性)”可知，在美国大学里，学生多与投入少之间存在矛盾。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty( 全体教师 ),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.(这种资源消耗的一个关键方面是受过培训的教师持续短缺，这反过来又导致教学能力水平下降)”可知，资源短缺带来的一个严重后果是教师的能力不够，无法在课堂上取得令人满意的成绩。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.(如上所述，加剧这些困难的是对研究的关注，研究对资源的需求日益增长，同时也吸引了教员的注意力。此外，学院的组织结构和运行功能更倾向于满足研究需求而非教学需求，这一倾向也非常明显)”可知，美国大学对研究职能的日益重视加剧了其所面临的难题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There’snothingmorefrustratingthanaparentsaying“no”tosomethingyoureallywant,whetherit’sadog,oranewphone.___16___However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.Usuallyfamilydinnertimeisasafebet.Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.___17___Especiallynotifthey’reupsetatyou.Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.Askingforsomethingcanbeanemotionalexperience:youmightfeelpassionateaboutthethingyou’reaskingfor,andyoumightfeelangryorfrustratedifyourparentssayno.___18___Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.___19___Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.Letthemknowthatyouwanttodiscussthisasmature,responsibleadultsandyouarewillingtoworkthroughanypotentialissues.Sayitlikethat,andyou’llbesuretoimpressthemwithhowwell-roundedandbalancedyourargumentis.___20___Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.Havingagoodunderstandingofwhatyou’llbeaskingyourparentsaboutwillhelpyoupresentyourcasesuccessfully;byknowingyourtopicinsideandout,you’llhaveconfidentanswersfortheir(many,many)questions.A.Understandyourparents’currentfeelingsaboutyourrequirement.B.Dobackgroundresearchonthethingyouwant.C.You’dbetterneverforcethemtogiveyouananswerrightaway.D.Youshouldtrytokeepyourheadalltheway.E.Youwon’talwaysbeabletopersuadeyourparentstoseethingsyourway.F.It’sgoodtodiscusswithyourparentsaboutwhatyouneedatthattime.G.Don’tbringitupwhenthey’renotinagoodmood.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了帮助说服父母同意自己想要的东西的几个方法。【16题详解】根据下文“However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!(然而，你可以做很多简单的事情来帮助你说服你的父母给你想要的)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，是描述无法说服父母的情况，E项“你不可能总能说服你的父母站在你的角度看问题”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据本段主题句“Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.(选择合适的时间接近主题)”以及空前“Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.(当父母一方看起来有压力、心烦意乱或疲惫时，向父母要东西并不是一个好主意)”可知，本段是说向父母提要求的合适时机，G项“不要在他们心情不好的时候提起这件事”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据本段主题句“Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.(在谈话中保持冷静的语气)”以及下文“Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.(研究表明，和平理性的谈判更容易成功)”可知，本段是说要保持冷静，D项“你应该一直保持头脑清醒”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据本段主题句“Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.(要有耐心，给他们时间去思考)”以及下文“Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.(告诉他们如果有任何问题或担心，几个小时或几天后再来找你)”可知，本段是说要给父母时间思考，C项“你最好不要强迫他们马上给你答复”与本段语义一致，故选C。【20题详解】根据下文“Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.(在你去找父母要一只新的小狗之前，确保你确切地知道收养宠物需要什么)”可知，本段是说在向父母提要求前做好背景调查，B项“对你想要的东西做背景调查”适合作为主题句，故选B。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IcouldfeeltheexcitementrisinginmeasIheldthebeautifullywrappedpresentinmyhands.Unableto___21___mycuriosityanylonger,Irippeditopen,surprisedtoseeabrand-newlaptop.Iwas___22___withitforscoringstraight“A”sformyexaminations.Ihadalways___23___myfriendswhowereexchangingnewsabout“chatrooms”,“instantmessaging”and“emailing”,allofwhichIknewnothingabout.NowIwasgoingto___24___.Itstartedout___25___enough.IwasjustsearchingforsomeinformationonlinewhenI___26___asocialnetworkingsite.SoonIbecame___27___tomynew-foundelectronicfriend,begantospendmoretimeonYouTube,andevenbecameenslavedbyFacebookandTwitter.Neverinmy___28___dreamshadIthoughtaboutthedaywhenIwassofocusedontheglowingscreenbeforeme.Astimepassed,itevencametoa___29___w