初高中英语衔接-句子成分(共34张)

词性和句子成分十大词类:根据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，即:名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分，即:实词和虚词实词:名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。特征:具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。虚词:冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。特征:没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。预备知识点一:词类概述一、句子成分概述:组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。注:主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。membersofsentences主语:subjectS谓语:predicateV宾语:objectO表语:predicative定语:attributive宾语补足语:objectcomplement状语:adverbial句子成分找出句子中的主语1.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.

2.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.

3.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.

3.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.

4.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.

5.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.

6.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.

7.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.一般位于句首,动作的发出者。2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时或动名词）、代词、数词和主语从句充当。1.Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.3.Hehascaughtabadcold.4.Wearestudents.谓语:1.主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。2.谓语由动词或动词词组充当。系动词加表语可构成谓语。1.Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.2.Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.3.Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.4.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.5.Hepretendednottoseeme.

6.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.7.Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.8.Lendmeyourdictionary,please.9.Theygavemesomemoney.宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词（vt.）和介词（prep.）后面。1.HisfathernamedhimDongMing.2.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.3.Letthefreshairin.4.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.6.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.7.Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.宾语补足语1.对宾语起补充说明作用，使句子意义完整。2.结构:Vt+宾语+宾补（如make等+宾语+宾补）3.宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

1.OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.2.Isityours?3.Theweatherhasturnedcold.4.Thespeechisexciting.5.Threetimessevenistwentyone?6.HisjobistoteachEnglish.7.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.8.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.9.Timeisup.Theclassisover.10.Thetruthisthatheislying.表语:1.一般位于系动词后（be动词，五大感官动词，变化v，保持v)。2.表语一般由名词、形容词表示。Theweatherhasturnedcold.HishobbyisplayingfootballHis1.GuiLinisabeautifulcity.2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.3.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.4.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.5.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirstonetoentertheclassroom.6.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.7.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.定语:1.修饰名词或代词，起限定，具体说明的作用2.在汉语中常用“….的”来表示。状语1.用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表示事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、程度等等。状语种类如下:

Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?

Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.

Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.

MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.

Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.

Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.

Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（

Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.

（时间状语）（原因状语）（条件状语）（地点状语）（方式状语）（伴随状语）（目的状语）（结果状语）（让步状语）同位语:同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词，对前者加以说明的成分。如:Westudentsshouldstudyhard.Weallarestudents.Thenewsthatwewonthefirstexcitedus.练习说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子中各充当什么成分Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.Hebrokeapieceofglass.

Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.

主谓语宾语定语主语谓语谓语谓语主主主定语宾语宾语状语定语宾语表语分析句子成分（定状补同位）:

1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.

2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.

3Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train4Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue

5Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.6Hisfavoritesport,playingvolleyball,takesmostofhissparetime.定语时间状语定语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句宾语补足语定语定语同位语1WhentohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.2Hehascaughtabadcold.3Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.5Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.6Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.7Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.主语(subject)谓语(predicate)表语(predicative)宾语object宾语补足语objectcomplement定语attributive状语adverbial句子的分类（按用途划分）:陈述句;疑问句;祈使句;感叹句

Doyoulikefootball?TomcanspeakgoodEnglish.Tomgetsupearlyeveryday.Whatacleverboyheis!Don’twasteyourtime!Howbeautifulsheis！Givemeapieceofpaper!按句子的结构可分三种:1）简单句:只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。

HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.

TomandMikeareAmericanboys.

Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.

2）并列句:由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成

Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.3）复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句（why）:

1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFriday.

2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.

3.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.

4.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.

5.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.

6.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant.

7.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.

8.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.简单复合并列复合并列复合简单复合判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?2.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.3.Iheardquietvoicesinacorneroftheclassroom.4.Shebecameafineexampleforpeoplewhohavehadbadaccidentsorbadluck.HestudiesinOxford.JoeboughtJoanaradiobutshedidn’tlikeit.Putonyourcap,oryouwillcatchcold.Ididn’tfeelwell,soIwenttobedearly.并列句的分类

1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,then等连接。e.g.Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn.

2、表示选择，常用or,either…or…,等。e.g.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.

3、表示转折，常用but,still,however,yet,while,when等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.

4.表示因果，常用有so,for,therefore等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriveharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.一分耕耘一分收获吴娜“一分耕耘、一分收获”——教学反思促我成长尊敬的各位领导,亲爱的各位同仁们:大家好!首先,我要感谢学校给我站上这个讲台锻炼的宝贵机会。今天跟大家分享的,有自己的些许体会,还有的来自于借鉴他人的经验。讲得不对的地方,还请大家多批评指正。其实,如何写好教学反思,跟前辈们比较起来,我的经验是有限的,我的知识面是狭窄的。尤其在我刚进入和平那几年,写反思对我来说是件很头疼也很排斥的事情,可是经过一段时间的挣扎和磨练,加上对课堂的深刻的认识。我对写反思的理解不再是把自己的教学流程以及存在的问题统统罗列出来了。而是不断反思自己的教学,分析成败的原因,提炼教育教学思想,从而促进了自己撰写反思的水平和教育教学能力。这也验证了美国心理学家波斯纳提出的教师成长公式:经验+反思=成长。作为一名教师要想在专业上成长更快,她需要积累的不仅是经验,还有不断的反思。新课改倡导我们教师要做个“学习型、研究型、反思型”的教师,那么,如何撰写教学反思呢?下面,我将从几个方面来跟大家分享一、什么是教学反思呢?教学反思:就是我们自觉地把自己的课堂教学实践,作为认识对象而进行全面又深入的冷静思英语中的五种基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:（主＋谓不及物动词）e.g.Weworkhard.

基本句型二:（主＋谓＋宾）e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.

基本句型三:（主＋系＋表）e.g.Heisastudent.

基本句型四:（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.

常接双宾语的及物动词有:offer，bring,buy,give,lend,sell,pay,show,take,tell,write基本句型五:（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesattherealone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesattherealone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.1.Who

knows

theanswer?

2.She

smiled

herthanks.

3.He

hasrefused

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4.He

enjoys

reading.

5.Theyatewhatwasleftover.

6.He

said

"Goodmorning."

7.I

want

tohaveacupoftea.

8.He

admits(承认)

thathewasmistaken.

1.Who

knows

theanswer?

2.She

smiled

herthanks.

3.He

hasrefused

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4.He

enjoys

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5.Theyatewhatwasleftover.

6.He

said

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7.I

want

tohaveacupoftea.

8.He

admits(承认)

thathewasmistaken.

OurEnglishteacheristhirtyyearsold.

Thecaketastesdelicious.

Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.

Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.

Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.

Deepwaterstaysstill.

OurEnglishteacheris

thirtyyearsold.

Thecake

tastes

delicious.

We

feel

usedtolivinginbigcities.

Thepotatoes

went

badinthefields.

Theirboss

seems

satisfiedwiththework.

Deepwater

stays

still.

1.She

ordered

herself

anewdress.

2.She

cooked

herhusband

adeliciousmeal.

3.He

brought

you

adictionary.

4.I

showed

him

mypictures.

5.I

gave

mycar

awash.

6.I

told

him

thatthebuswaslate.

7.He

showed

me

howtorunthemachine.1.She

ordered

herself

anewdress.

2.She

cooked

herhusband

adeliciousmeal.

3.He

brought

you

adictionary.

4.I

showed

him

mypictures.

5.I

gave

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awash.

6.I

told

him

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7.He

showed

me

howtorunthemachine.Thesunkeepsuswarm.

Youmustgetyourhaircut.

TheymadeTommonitor.Wh