Unit1 Discovering Useful Structures - Assessing Your Progress 词汇精讲课堂

词汇课堂版本：新人教单元：必修三Unit1(DiscoveringUsefulStructures—AssessingYourProgress)本单元词汇梳理1.atmosphere隐喻：具体的“大气”→抽象的“气氛”词块：createanatmosphereof2.lunar词源：罗马神话中，月亮女神叫做“卢娜”(Luna)，从卢娜的名字Luna中产生了词根lun，表示月亮。词块：lunarmonth,lunarcalendar(对应solarcalendar)3.eve词块：ChristmasEve,(Chinese)NewYear’sEve4.envelope词源：来自envelop(包住；裹住)，信封是包裹东西的拓展：Lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.(2019全国完形)词块：redenvelopes5.merry词块：MerryChristmas!6.pudding音译词“布丁”7.pleased

please—

pleased(分词形容词)词块：(be)pleasedtodosth,(be)pleased+(that)从句,(be)pleasedwith8.fireworkfire+work，常用复数词块：let/setofffireworks,fireworksgooff,afireworksshow/display9.frank词块：tobefrank=tobehonest=franklyspeaking=honestlyspeaking派生词：frankly10.gooff一词多义：基本义“离开”（由off决定）11.exceptfor同义词apartfrom12.inner反义词outer13.region

派生词：regional；词块：anautonomousregion14.represent词源：由“re-(表示强调)+present”构成，词源义是“toplacebefore”“呈上”，基本义是“呈现”派生词：representative15.wrestle词族：wrestle,wrestler,wrestling16.setoff一词多义：基本义“使……开始”17.fancy缩写自fantasy(幻想；空想)词块：fancydoingsth,catch/takesb’sfancy,fancydress18.absolutelyabsolute(adj

绝对的)+-ly19.momentmoment的词源义是“运动、移动(tomove)”，词义引申为“片刻、瞬间”。事物的不断运动造成事物的不断变化，从而有了“瞬间、转瞬即逝”的说法。常用词块：atthemoment,foramoment,

inamoment,fromthatmomenton,atthemoment,for/inamoment,themomentthat…20.brief

词块：inbrief，派生词：briefly21.branch一词多义：基本义“树枝”隐喻：具体的“树枝”到抽象的“分支”22.weddingwed(v

结婚)+-ing词块：aweddingceremony,diamond/golden/silverwedding23.clap拟声词，模仿鼓掌的声音词块：clapone’shands24.respectre-(back向后、回)+spect(lookat看)→再看、反复看→尊重同根词：aspect,inspect,suspect,expect词块：showrespectto,withrespectto,inthis/thatrespect派生词：respectable,respectful25.horrible

horr-(terrible害怕)+-ible(形容词词缀)同义词terrible意为“极讨厌的；糟糕的”时，是非正式用语词族：horror,horrible,horriblyfancy重难点词精讲一词多义gooff&setoffrepresent一词多义一词多义熟词生义momentrespect话题词汇：festivalsandcelebrations搭配义一词多义搭配义词族go（走）+off（离开）→gooff（基本义：离开）set（使……开始）+off（离开）

→set

off（基本义：使……开始）借助小品词off去理解gooff和setoff的各义项。gooff&setoffgooff

离开：Don’tgooffwithoutsayinggood-by.

突然响起；走火；爆炸：Ioversleptthismorningbecausemymorningclockdidn’tgooff.2009江西Thegunwentoffbyaccident.

熄灭；中断供应：Suddenlythelightswentoff.WhileIwascookingsupper,theelectrictywentoff.人“离开”闹钟、弹药等“离开”电力供应等“离开”gooff语义网络图

离开（尤指去做某事）熄灭；中断供应突然响起；走火；爆炸离开gooff（基本义）人“离开”闹钟、弹药等“离开”电力供应等“离开”setoff

出发；动身：Weoughttosetoffat7:00,whiletheroadsareempty.

触响（警报）；放（烟火）：setoffthealarm/fireworks

引发；激发：Hisrudereplysetoffabadfeelingofme.使警报、炸弹等“开始”工作使事件“开始”发生“开始”旅行setoff语义网络图出发；动身引发；激发触响（警报）；放（烟火）使……开始setoff基本义“开始”旅行使警报、炸弹等“开始”工作使事件“开始”发生含有off的短语动词takeoffcutoffgooffputoffseeoffturnoffsetoff...离开off基本义推迟停止；中断离开；熄灭；爆炸起飞；脱下为……送别关闭出发；动身学习含有off的短语动词可以从off入手，理解了off的各义项，有助于理解和记忆相关的短语动词。off的基本义为“离开”。13翻译句子：月亮代表我的心。Themoon______________myheart.representrepresentsstandsforrepresent

v

vt

[正式用语]

描绘；展现todescribesb/sthinaparticularway：

Artisapowerfulwaytorepresentlifeandexpressfeelings.

vt表示；象征tobeasignorsymbolofsth：Theword“love”isoftenrepresentedbyaheart.Noodlesshouldbeuncut,astheyrepresentlonglife.represent由“re-（表示强调）+present”构成,词源义是“toplacebefore”“呈上”，基本义是“呈现”，与present同源。represent词源解读15

vt代表toofficiallyspeakoractforanotherpersonorgroupofpeople：Heistheidealpersontorepresentourclass.HergreatestambitionwastorepresenthercountryattheOlympics.

[系动词]

相当于tobeorbeequaltosth：Asalaryriseof10%representsanannualincreaseof$3,600forme.【词汇拓展】representative

n[C]代表；代理人：astudent/salesrepresentativea

representativeofRussiatotheUNHouseofRepresentativesadj

典型的；有代表性的：berepresentativeofthepeople众议院（HouseofRepresentatives）:西方两院制国家的议会的下议院，另一院为参议院。众议院的议员人数是按各地人口多少的比例分配的。同义异构：typicalrepresent语义网络图呈现represent基本义用图画或文字呈现场景呈现抽象事物描绘；展现表示；象征代替原有的人或物呈现在别人的面前呈现同等的事物代表相当于fancyI

fancy you. Is that so hard to believe? 我喜欢你。有那么难相信吗？——《吸血鬼日记》vt

(BrE)

[非正式用语]想要(feellike)；喜欢：Doyoufancyanicecream?2010上海DoyoufancygoingtothedanceonSaturdaynight?Allthegirlsfanciedhim.

[书面语]想象；设想tobelieveorimaginesth：Ican’tfancyher(as/tobe)ateacher.fancyn

[常用单数]想要；喜欢：Shehassimplytakenafancytotheplace.2013福建Shesaidshewantedadogbutitwasonlyapassingfancy.catch/takesb’sfancy引起某人的兴趣：IcoulddowithoutTVbecausefewshowstakemyfancy.2010安徽书面表达adj

精致的；花哨的；异常复杂的

反simple；昂贵的；奢华的：fancydressIwantedasimpleblackdress,nothingfancy.fancyrestaurantswithfancypricesmoment根据腾讯官方的翻译，朋友圈的英文竟然不是FriendsCircle。朋友圈竟然没有“朋友”，它是另外一个单词，就是moments。为什么朋友圈叫moments呢？微信朋友圈的功能，不就是分享自己的和看看别人的“片刻”和“瞬间”，所以就是很多个moment，自然就是moments。moment

某一时刻

aparticularpointintime：atthis/thatmomentfromthatmomentonThebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.2014北京

片刻；瞬间

averyshortperiodoftime：CouldIuseyourcomputerforafewmoments,please?

时机

aparticulartimefordoingsth：I’mwaitingfortherightmomenttotellhimthebadnews.

moment的词源义是“运动、移动(tomove)”

，词义引申为“片刻、瞬间”。事物的不断运动造成事物的不断变化，从而有了“瞬间、转瞬即逝”的说法。词块搭配(at)anymoment(now)马上；立刻：Hurryup!He’llbebackanymomentnow.(at)thelastmoment（在）最后一刻：Theychangedtheplansatthelastmoment.atthemoment此刻；目前：I’mterriblybusyatthemoment.foramoment片刻；一会儿：Hewassilentforamoment.forthemoment暂时；目前(forthepresent)：I’mnotveryhappyatwork,butI’llstaythereforthemoment.inamoment马上；立即：I’llbereadyinamoment.onemoment…thenext一会儿……过一会儿：Onemomentitwasquietandcalmintheforest,thenext,theairwaschargedwithtension.2014重庆themoment(that)［引导时间状语从句，相当于连词assoonas］一……（就……）：Alishafellasleepthemomentshegotintobed.Becareful!Themachinestartsthemomentyoupressthebutton.2011湖北24respect词源re-：“回、向后；再”

spect：“看”respect：“再次看”“尊重”词源义：lookbackat,regard,considerfromre-“back+spect“lookat”25respectvt

尊重；尊敬：Themediashouldrespectfamouspeople’sprivacy.

Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme,andIrespectherforthat.

遵守：respectthelaw通常不用于进行时熟词生义：“尊重”法律、规章制度等26n

[U]尊敬；尊重：TheChongyangFestival,alsocalledDoubleNinthFestival,isadayforpeopletoshowrespecttoseniors.Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.2014浙江wintherespectof

[复数][正式用语]问候：Givemyrespectstoyourfather.

[C]关系；方面：Tomisreallygoodwithcomputers.Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.inrespectof［正式用语］关于；就……而言withrespectto［正式用语］关于；就……而言►respectableadj值得尊敬的

►respectfuladj

恭敬的同根词inspect

v检查in-(into进入)

+spect→进去看→检查suspect

v

怀疑sus-(=sub-:upto从下往上)

+spect→从下往上看→怀疑prospect

n

前景pro-(forward向前)

+spect→向前看的事物→前景aspect

n

方面a-(to向)

+spect→看的东西→方面expect

v

期待ex-(out出)

+spect→出去看，向前看→期待spect（看）tolookat话题词汇：festivalsandcelebrationsfestivals&celebrationsadmirethemoon,attend/takepartin,celebrate,congratulate,decorate,display,dressup,feature,gather,gooff,havefun,march,prepare,etc.traditionalChinesefestivalthingswegiveandreceiveactivitiesfoodforeignfestivalsotherstheSpringFestival,theLunarNewYear’sEve,theLanternFestival,TombSweepingDay,theDragonBoatFestival,theMid-AutumnFestival,theChongyangFestival/DoubleNinthFestival,etc.AprilFool'sDay,Christmas,Easter,Halloween,Mother’sDay,Father’sDay,Carnival,Thanksgiving(Day),theDayoftheDead,Valentine’sDay,etc.balloon,ceremony,competition,Christmascarol,costume,custom,firecracker,fireworks,fancydress,lantern,occasion,parade,picnic,poster,riddle,etc.dumpling,feast,mooncake,mashedpotato,pudding,pumpkin,toastturkey,zongzi,etc.card,gift,flower,present,luckymoney,redenvelope,scarf,etc.agriculture,atmosphere,belief,church,faith,gratitude,harvest,joy,origin,religion,etc.本单元金句汇总1.Don’tgooffwithoutsayinggood-by.2.Noodlesshouldbeuncut,astheyrepresentlonglife.3.HergreatestambitionwastorepresenthercountryattheOlympics.4.IcoulddowithoutTVbecausefewshowstakemyfancy.2010安徽书面表达5.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.2014北京6.Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.2014浙江7.Tomisreallygoodwithcomputers.Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.随堂检测写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.She’sgoneoff

tothepubwithTony. ___________2.Didn’tyouhearyouralarmclockgoingoff

thismorning?___________3.Fireworksweregoingoffalloverthecity. ___________4.Thelightswentoff

inseveralvillagesbecauseofthestorm.___________离开gooff突然响起爆炸停电写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Yourelectronicwatchcontrolsetsoff

asilentwarningalarmwhenparentsorteachersarenear.（2014安徽）

_________2.Thepolicesaidtheexplosion（爆炸）wassetoff

onpurpose. _________3.Hurriedly,theypackedtheirbelongingsandsetoff

inthedirectionoftheriver.（2009江西）

_________4.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.Butitalsosetsoff

theMontgomerybusboycott（抵制行动）.（2016全国）_________触响引发出发；动身引发；激发setoff写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity（兴旺）intheNewYear.（2015安徽） ___________2.Mostemployersdocareaboutthepersonalappearancesoftheiremployees,becausethosepeoplerepresentthecompaniestotheircustomers.（2012陕西） ___________3.Thisfigure,whichrepresents10%ofthe23millionyoungpeoplewhohaveInternetaccessfromhome,isrisingrapidly.（2007上海） ___________4.Thepainting

represents

thesceneofagoodharvest.

___________represent相当于描绘；展现表示；象征代表一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.IcoulddowithoutTVbecausefewshows____________________（引起我的兴趣）.(fancyn)2.Sorry,butIdon’t____________________（想出去）onthiscoldrainyday.(fancyv)二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Harrytookmetoafancyrestaurantwithfancyprices

formybirthday. ______________2.Manyofthemarathonrunnerscompeteinfancydress.______________3.ShefanciesherselfasanotherMadonna. ______________价格昂贵的豪华餐厅fancy穿着化装服fancygoingouttake/catchmyfancy自认