专题02阅读理解记叙文冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破限时集训（新高考专用）

专题02阅读理解记叙文题型简介题型简介从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。典例在线典例在线（2023年新高考I卷）WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?Withtherightbinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneachine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedaneachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.”1．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling. B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind. D．Helongedtobeadoctor.2．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals. B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants. D．Totesttheeachine.3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C．TopareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.4．WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself. B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse. D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JohnTodd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedaneachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。解题技巧解题技巧1.关注细节

记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。

2.注重联系

在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。

3.读懂表象

如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。

4.挖掘意义

每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。

变式训练变式训练（2024上·山东潍坊·高三统考期末）Whenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7yearoldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.Cash,whoisnowknownasthe“conservationkid”,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tsitback.Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoamunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.In2019,Cash,togetherwithaCanadianconservationist,EllaGalaskiRossen,startedanonprofitcalledtheCleanupKids.Despitelivingindifferentcountries,theymanagedtocreateeducationalvideosontheirYouTubechannel.“WehopetobeareallybignonprofitthateliminatesplasticintheU.S.andCanada,”Cashsaid.“Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesonhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,”Cashsaid.CashwasselectedasoneofAmerica’stop10youthvolunteersof2021bythePrudentialSpiritofmunityAwards.HealsoearnedthetitleofNationalHonoree,wherehereceiveda$5,000granttogotoanonprofitofhischoice,andhebecamethefirstpersontowintheYouthConservationistAwardtwoyearsinarowfromtheTennesseeWildlifeFederation.“Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”1．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“sitback”inparagraph2?A．Fallasleep. B．Loseheart.C．Turnablindeye. D．Lendahand.2．WhatisthepurposeofstartingtheCleanupKids?A．Torecyclewasteplastics.B．Tomakeinstructivevideos.C．Tospreadmarineknowledge.D．Toappealforoceanprotection.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCashDaniels?A．Sympatheticanddevoted. B．Initiativeandtalented.C．Ambitiousandhumorous. D．Determinedandmodest.4．WhatdoesCashDanielsstoryimply?A．Passionfuelsdreams.B．Greatmindsthinkalike.C．Helpingothersisofgreatfun.D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是CashDaniels热爱大自然，他从7岁开始就对保护地球充满了热情，他先从清理河流沿岸开始，并将此发展成一项人们可以广泛参与的活动。他被评选为2021年美国十大青年志愿者之一。1．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词之前“HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’t(毕竟，他是在Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋后，他就不能再这么做了)”以及第三段开头“Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoamunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.(他从清理河流开始，这件事很快就从家庭事务变成了志愿者和邻居的社区努力。)”可知当CashDaniels看到了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋以后，他开始对河流岸边的垃圾进行了清理，最终这件事成为了人们可以广泛参与的活动，由此可以推测CashDaniels对于最终都进入了海洋的垃圾没有置之不理，而是采取了积极的行动，所以划线词的意思与C项Turnablindeye(视而不见)意思相近，故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesonhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,”Cashsaid.(卡什说：“我们想让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系。”)”可知theCleanupKids的目的是让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系，即呼吁人们保护海洋。故选D项。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cash,whoisnowknownasthe“conservationkid”,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tsitback.(Cash现在被称为“环保孩子”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终进入海洋时，他不能坐视不管。)”可知Cash热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的，根据文章最后一段““Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”可知Cash想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所以他是有奉献精神的，故选A项。4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7yearoldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.(当大多数孩子去海滩时，他们太专注于堆沙堡和溅水，而没有注意到垃圾，但几年前，对7岁的Cash来说，注意到一根塑料吸管激发了他毕生拯救地球的热情。)”以及文章最后一段““Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”以及其他段落的内容可知一根塑料吸管激发了Cash拯救地球的热情而这种热情进而转化成了他的梦想，所以Cash的故事暗示了激情可以点燃梦想。故选A项。刷模拟刷模拟（2023·浙江金华·浙江省义乌中学校考模拟预测）Likemanyotherfiveyearolds,JeanieLowofHouston,Texas,woulduseastool(凳子)tohelpherreachthebathroomsink.However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.Afterlearningofaninventioncontestheldbyherschoolthatyear,Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.Jeaniedecidedtomakeastoolattachedtothebathroomcabinetdoorunderthesink.Shecutaboardofwoodintotwopieces,eachabouttwofeetwideandonefootlong.Usingmetalhinges(铰链),Jeanieattachedonepieceofthewoodtothefrontofthecabinetdoor,andthesecondpiecetothefirst.Thefirstpiecewassetjusthighenoughsothatwhenitswungouthorizontallyfromthecabinetdoor,thesecondpiecewouldswingdownfromthefirst,justtouchingtheground,andsoservingasasupportforthefirstpieceofthewood.Thiscreatedaconvenient,strongplatformforanypersontooshorttoreachthesink.Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁铁).Jeaniecalledherinvention“theKiddieStool”.Jeanie’sKiddieStoolwonfirstplaceinherschool’scontest.Twoyearslater,itwasawardedfirstprizeagainatHouston’sfirstannualInventionFair.Asaresult,JeaniewasinvitedtomakeanumberofpublicappearanceswithherKiddieStool,andwasfeaturedonlocalTVaswellasinnewspapers.ManypeoplefoundthestoryoftheKiddieStoolinspiringbecauseitshowedthatwithapairofobservanteyes,anyonecanbeaninventor.1．Accordingtothepassage,whydidJeanieLowinventtheKiddieStool?A．Manyotherfiveyearoldshadproblemsreachingthebathroomsink.B．Shedidnotthinkthatplasticstoolsweretallenoughforher.C．Thestoolinherbathroomwasnotfirmandoftengotintheway.D．Shewasinvitedtoenteraninventioncontestheldbyherschool.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouthowtheKiddieStoolworks?A．Theplatformissupportedbytwometalhinges.B．Itswingsfromlefttorighttobeattachedtothecabinetdoor.C．Ituseshingesandmagnetstokeepthewoodenpiecesinplace.D．TheKiddieStoolwillswingoutonlywhenthecabinetdooropens.3．WhatarethecharacteristicsofJeanie’sKiddieStool?A．Permanentandfoldable. B．Fragileanddisposable.C．Conventionalandportable. D．Convenientandrecyclable.4．Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B．Necessityisthemotherofinvention.C．Geniusis1%inspirationand99%perspiration.D．Inventionrequiresbothdisciplinesandwildimagination.【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了5岁的珍妮发明了一款帮助小孩子能够得着洗手盆的踏脚凳的故事。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.(然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了)”可知，珍妮想要发明踏脚凳的原因是，塑料凳子不稳定，还经常碍事。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁铁).(不使用时，铰链可以使两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁将它们固定在适当的位置。)”可知，珍妮发明的踏脚凳使用了铰链和磁铁固定。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.(珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”和第二段中的“Thiscreatedaconvenient,strongplatformforanypersontooshorttoreachthesink.Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁铁).(这为任何太矮而无法够得水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不使用时，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁固定)”可知，珍妮发明的脚踏凳具有永久和可折叠的特性。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Likemanyotherfiveyearolds,JeanieLowofHouston,Texas,woulduseastool(凳子)tohelpherreachthebathroomsink.However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.Afterlearningofaninventioncontestheldbyherschoolthatyear,Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.(像许多其他五岁的孩子一样，德克萨斯州休斯顿的珍妮·洛会用凳子帮她够浴室的水槽。然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了。在得知学校当年举办的一场发明竞赛后，珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”可知，通过珍妮的故事我们可以知道，发明来源于我们的需求。故选B。（2023·山东·统考一模）Tylerhadbrokenhisarminabicycleaccident.AcarknockedTylerdownwhenitcameoutofasidestreetwithoutstopping.Theaccidenthappenedbecausetherewasnostopsignatthecornerandthecardidn’tstop.SoTylerdecidedtotrytogetthecitytoputupastopsign.First,Tylerwroteapetition(请愿书)tohaveastopsignputupwithhisparents’help.Then,Tylerandhisparentsaskedtheirneighbors,friends,teachers,classmates...almosteveryonetheyknewtosignthepetition.Soon,therewerehundredsofnamesonthepetition.Tyleralsogotsomeinformationaboutotheraccidentsatthesamecornerwherehehadhadhisownaccident.Ifhecouldshowthecitythatitwasadangerouscorner,theymightputupastopsignthere.Hehopedthatthisinformationandhispetitionwouldwork.Whenthepetitionwasready,Tylerandhisparentswenttoameetingofthecitycouncil(政务委员会).Theybroughtalongthepetitionandtheotherinformation.Afteralongwait,Tylergotachancetotellwhathadhappenedtohim.Hetoldthestoryofthebicycleaccidentandexplainedhisidea.Iftherewereastopsignatthecornerwheretheaccidenthappened,otherkidswouldbesafer.Afterthat,Tylerreadthepetitionoutloud.Then,hehandeditandtheotherinformationtothecouncil.Thecitycouncilagreedtoconsidertherequestandmakeadecisionbeforetheirnextmeeting.Thenextmonth,Tylerandhisparentsattendedanothermeetingofthecitycouncil.Theheadofthecitycouncilannouncedthatthecityhaddecidedtoagreetothepetition!TherewouldbeastopsignatthecornerwhereTylerhadhisaccident.Nowotherkidswouldbesaferwhentheyrodetheirbikes.5．WhydidTylerhavethebicycleaccidentatthecorner?A．Tylerroderathertoofast. B．Therewasnostopsign.C．Thecarrantheredlight. D．Thestreetwascrowded.6．WhatwasthefirstthingTylerdidtohaveastopsignputupatthecorner?A．Hefoundoutaboutotheraccidents.B．Heexplainedhisideatohisneighbors.C．Hewroteapetitionforthestopsign.D．Heattendedameetingofthecitycouncil.7．Whendidthecitycouncilagreetothepetition?A．AssoonasTylerhandedit. B．AfterTyler’sparentshandeditagain.C．Afteraboutasixmonthwait. D．NearlyamonthafterTylerhandedit.8．Howwouldtheotherkidsprobablyfeelwhenthenewstopsignwasputup?A．Thankful. B．Nervous. C．Embarrassed. D．Proud.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Itisdangerousforpeopletoridebikesinthestreet.B．Onlyadultshavetheresponsibilitytopresentapetition.C．Kidscanplayaroleinmakingtheirneighborhoodsbetter,D．Stopsignsaresupposedtobeputupateverystreetcorner.【答案】5．B6．C7．D8．A9．C【导语】本文是篇记叙文。全文讲述了泰勒遭遇事故，并发起请愿，促使政府做出改变的故事。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Theaccidenthappenedbecausetherewasnostopsignatthecornerandthecardidn’tstop.（事故发生是因为拐角处没有停车标志，汽车没有停下来）”可知事故原因是没有停车标志。故选B.6．细节理解题。根据第二段“First,Tylerwroteapetitiontohaveastopsignputupwithhisparents’help.（首先，泰勒在他父母的帮助下写了一份请愿书，要求设置停车标志。）”可知她做得第一件事是写请愿书。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thenextmonth,Tylerandhisparentsattendedanothermeetingofthecitycouncil.Theheadofthecitycouncilannouncedthatthecityhaddecidedtoagreetothepetition!（下个月，泰勒和他的父母参加了市议会的另一次会议。市议会主席宣布市政府决定同意请愿书）”可知是在她提交请愿书一个月之后，议会同意了她的请求。故选D。8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nowotherkidswouldbesaferwhentheyrodetheirbikes.（现在其他孩子骑自行车时会更安全）”可判断其他孩子对这件事感到高兴与感激。故选A。9．推理判断题。全文讲述了泰勒遭遇事故，并发起请愿，促使政府做出改变的故事。可以判断孩子也可以让社区变得更加美好。故选C。（2024·广东佛山·统考一模）75yearoldhiphop(街舞)grandmaStephanieWalshhasgainedworldwideattentionwithherintensedancemovesandincredibleenergy.Betterknownas“Ms.Stephanie”online,WalshhasbeenfeaturedonsocialmediaaccountswithsomevideosdrawingmorethanIImillionpeopletowatch.Walshbelievesthevideosgainedpopularitybecausesheis75.“It’sbecauseI’masenior,”saidWalsh.“Youdon’tusuallyseesomeonemyagedoinghiphopandmovinglikethat.”Butactually,it’smorethanthat.Justasherprofileclaims,Walsh’svideosare“inspiringtheworldtodancelikenooneiswatching.”“Danceisn’tjustyourbody,it’swhatyou’refeelinginsideaboutthedanceandit’swhatesouthereinyourface,”Walshsaid.“WhatIwanttoputthroughmymovementishowmuchfunitisandhowmuchjoyitgivesyou.”Fromayoungage,Walshlovedtodancebutherfamilydidn’thavethemoneyforclasses.Whenshewasnearly30,shegotherdaughterballetlessons,whichherdaughterhated.So,shetookherdaughteroutandstartedclassesherselfrightaway.Walshbelievesherlifelongpassionfordanceiswhatmotivateshertoday.“Everybodyhastohaveapassionintheirlife,”shesaid.“It’slikethatsaying,‘Alifewithoutpassionisalifehalflived.’Ibelievethat.”Walshdancesforfunandfitness,butalsofortherapy(心理治疗).Shestruggledthroughcountlesshardships,andshehasmorethanenoughreasonstokeepherdown.Buttheydon’t.Sheturnstoherfaith,herfriendsandofcourse,dance,toshineasaninspirationtothosearoundher.Gilbert,oneofWalsh’sfollowers,sayssheinspireshimeveryday.“She’sabeautifulsoulwhoteachesmethatitdoesn’tmatteraboutyourageoryoursize.Aslongasyoufeelgood,that’sallthatmatters,”saysGilbert.“IamtrulythankfulthatWalshisteachingmeattheageof32tolivemylifefullandstopbeingsoscared.”10．WhatmotivatesWalshtodohiphop?A．Itsgreatsocialbenefit. B．Itsgrowingpopularity.C．Herenthusiasmfordance. D．Herhungerforreputation.11．Whatcontributestohervideos’popularityaccordingtoWalsh?A．Heradvancedage. B．Hersmoothmoves.C．Herendlessenergy. D．Herconfidentclaim.12．WhatwillWalsh’sstoryprobablyinspireGilberttodo?A．Beactiveinsocialmedia.B．Setagoodexampletoothers.C．Takefulladvantageofhistalent.D．Adoptapositiveapproachtolife.13．Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．OptimisticAboutLife:TheWaytoSurviveB．ForeverYounginDance:AnInspiringFigureC．EmbracingSocialMedia:TheKeytoSuccessD．DancingwiththeYoung:AnAmazingJourney【答案】10．C11．A12．D13．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家的故事。10．细节理解题。由文章第五段中“Walshbelievesherlifelongpassionfordanceiswhatmotivateshertoday.(沃尔什认为，她一生对舞蹈的热情是她今天的动力)”可知，她对舞蹈的热情促使她跳这种舞。故选C。11．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Walshbelievesthevideosgainedpopularitybecausesheis75.(沃尔什认为，这些视频之所以受欢迎，是因为她已经75岁了)”可知，她认为让她的视频大受欢迎的原因是她的高龄。故选A。12．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Gilbert,oneofWalsh’sfollowers,sayssheinspireshimeveryday.“She’sabeautifulsoulwhoteachesmethatitdoesn’tmatteraboutyourageoryoursize.Aslongasyoufeelgood,that’sallthatmatters,”saysGilbert.

“IamtrulythankfulthatWalshisteachingmeattheageof32tolivemylifefullandstopbeingsoscared.”(吉尔伯特是沃尔什的追随者之一，他说沃尔什每天都在激励他。“她是一个美丽的灵魂，她教会了我，年龄和身材都无关紧要。只要你感觉良好，那才是最重要的，”吉尔伯特说。“我真的很感激沃尔什在我32岁的时候教会我充实地生活，不要再害怕了。”)”可推知，沃尔什的故事可能会激励吉尔伯特对生活采取积极的态度，不再害怕了。故选D。13．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“75yearoldhiphop(街舞)grandmaStephanieWalshhasgainedworldwideattentionwithherintensedancemovesandincredibleenergy.

Betterknownas“Ms.Stephanie”online,WalshhasbeenfeaturedonsocialmediaaccountswithsomevideosdrawingmorethanIImillionpeopletowatch.(75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注。沃尔什在网上更广为人知的名字是“斯蒂芬妮女士”，她在社交媒体上的一些视频吸引了200多万人观看)”可知，文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家。由此可知，B选项“ForeverYounginDance:AnInspiringFigure(永远年轻的舞蹈：一个鼓舞人心的人物)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）I’mawalker,logginganaverageof9000stepsadayseveraltimesaweekaroundmyneighborhood.OnrecenttripstoCopenhagenandStockholm,Inoticedtall,fitScandinavians(斯堪法尼亚人)walkingalongoncitystreetswithpoles,asiftheywerecrosscountryskiingwithoutanysnow.Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.There’splentyofhelponlineforthenewNordic(北欧的)walker:standtall,swingyourarmsoutasiftoshakehands,andplantyourpoleswithvigour.Thenthere’sthelittlematterofthestrap(带子)onthepole.Thisallowsthewalkertogripthepolewhenthrustingforwardandthenrelaxthathandastheotherhandpushesforward–askillofcoordinationthatbuildsstrongermuscles.Forawarmup,Istartedslow:Nordicwalkingdownthehallthatextendsfrommyfrontdoortothedeck.Keepingbalancewasn’tmyonlyproblem.Thenoveluseofmyarmsandupperbodywassurprisinglydemanding.Afterhalfanhour,myheartwaspoundingandIwassweating,butIstillwasn’tmuchgood.Still,Icarriedonbecausethere’snoarguingwiththeexercise’sbenefits.Nordicwalkers’upperbodyexerciseincreasestheirheartratesignificantlymorethanwalkingwithoutpoles.AndaccordingtocardiologistDrAaronBaggish,withpoles“you’reengaging80to90percentofyourmuscles.”ItalsohelpspeoplewithParkinson’s,saysBurrill.“Weputpolesintheirhandsandit’samazingbecausetheystartwalkingwithrealrhythm.”AfterafewclumsydaysofbeingconvincedIwouldneversucceed,suddenlyeverythingclicked.NotonlywasIabletocoordinatethemovements,Iwasawarethatmyheart,armsandcoreweregettingaworkout.NordicwalkingisaformofexerciseIexpecttoenjoyforyearstoe.14．WhatinspiredthewritertotryNordicwalking?A．Enjoyingtheoutdoorskiing. B．ObservingScandinavianswalking.C．Gettingtiredofsimplewalking. D．Fancyingahealthylifestyle.15．WhatwasthemainchallengefortheauthorduringtheinitialstagesofNordicwalking?A．Buildingstrongmuscleinthearms.B．Usingarmsandupperbodyharmoniously.C．Sweatingwithheartpounding.D．Feelingdiscouragedforlackofprogress.16．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningpeoplewithParkinson’s?A．ThegreatbenefitsofNordicwalking. B．ThewidepracticeofNordicwalking.C．TheurgencytopromoteNordicwalking. D．ThepromisingfutureofNordicwalking.17．Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A．TopersuadereaderstotryNordicwalkingforfun.B．Tosharetheexperienceoftryinganewfitnessactivity.C．ToemphasizethegreatdifficultiesofNordicwalking.D．TopareNordicwalkingwithsimplewalking.【答案】14．B15．B16．A17．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动——北欧式健走的体验以及其益处。14．细节理解题。由文章一段中“OnrecenttripstoCopenhagenandStockholm,Inoticedtall,fitScandinavians(斯堪法尼亚人)walkingalongoncitystreetswithpoles,asiftheywerecrosscountryskiingwithoutanysnow.(在最近的哥本哈根和斯德哥尔摩之行中，我注意到高大、健康的斯堪法尼亚人拄着杆子走在城市的街道上，就好像他们在进行没有雪的越野滑雪。)”以及第二段“Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.(令人惊讶的是，杆的加入使它成为一种比简单步行更有力的全身运动——作为一个76岁的老人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，我决定试一试。)”可知，观察斯堪法尼亚人拄着两根手杖行走激发了作者尝试这种新健身活动的灵感。故选B。15．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Thenoveluseofmyarmsandupperbodywassurprisinglydemanding.(我的手臂和上半身的新颖运用要求很高。)”可知，在行走的最初阶段，作者面临的主要挑战是手臂与上身协调使用。故选B。16．推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Still,Icarriedonbecausethere’snoarguingwiththeexercise’sbenefits.(尽管如此，我还是坚持了下来，因为这种锻炼的好处是毋庸置疑的。)”以及“ItalsohelpspeoplewithParkinson’s,saysBurrill.

“Weputpolesintheirhandsandit’samazingbecausetheystartwalkingwithrealrhythm.”(伯里尔说，它还能帮助帕金森症患者。‘我们把杆子放在他们手中，这很神奇，因为他们开始有节奏地走路了。’)”可知，作者想通过提到帕金森氏症患者来展示这种运动的巨大好处。故选A。17．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.(我很惊讶地发现，增加杆子比单纯的步行更有活力，更能锻炼全身——作为一个76岁的人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，所以我决定试一试。)”可知，文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动的经验。故选B。（2024·河北邢台·宁晋中学校考模拟预测）Duringmygraduatestudies,countlessworkshopstaughtmeonething:Tomakeitinscience,onemustdesignandcarryoutbigprojects.AsIestablishedmyownresearchlab,aseniorcolleagueencouragedmetotrysomethingbig.SowhenIlandedanassociateprofessorposition,mygoalseemedobvious:Ishouldperformbigprojects.Thiswastheonlyw