2018年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模（附答案解析）

2018年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模（附答案解析）2017学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2017.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atabank.B.Onthestreet.C.Athome.D.Inacafe.2.A.Aconcert.B.Abooksale.C.Abanquet.D.Anartexhibition.3.A.50minutes.B.25minutes.C.Anhourandaquarter.D.Anhourandahalf.4.A.Thetrainwillarriveontime.B.Thetrainislateduetothestorm.C.Thewomanwilltakethenexttrain.D.Thewomanhastowaitforthetrain.5.A.Shetalkstoomuch.B.Shedoesn’tlikespeaking.C.Sheisalwaysveryfrank.D.Sheoftentalksloudly.6.A.Shedoesn’twanttohaveabirthdayparty.B.Shedoesn’tlikethegift.C.Shewantstoforgetherbirthday.D.Shedoesn’twanttogrowold.7.A.Thewomandoesn’twanttogooutintheevening.B.Thefilmisnotworthseeingatall.C.Themanwon’tgotothemovieswiththewoman.D.Themanisverytiredfromhiswork.8.A.Thesummerthisyearisterriblyhot.B.Lastsummerwasevenhotter.C.Hotweatherhelpspeopleloseweight.D.Lightwasstrongerthismorning.9.A.HeshouldhaveinvitedMary.B.HeisdoingbusinesswithMary.C.Hewasnotamanofhisword.D.Hedidn’twanttoaskMarytotheparty.10.A.Shewouldratherinvitemorepeopletocome.B.Theypreparedtoomuchfoodatapreviousmeeting.C.Thefamilymembersalwayseatalot.第1页/共17页微信公众号：上海试卷D.Theyshouldpreparemorefoodanddrinks.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Shewasborninapoorfamily.B.Sheworkedasadoctorinherearlylife.C.ShespentherwholelifeinLondon.D.Shedecidedtohelpthepoorwhenshewasyoung.12.A.Becauseofthepoorlivingconditions.B.Becauseshewassenttoasettlementhouse.C.Becauseofherhealthproblem.D.Becauseherfamilymovedtoanothercity.13.A.ShefoundedthefirstsettlementhouseinAmerica.B.Shewrotebooksabouttheproblemsfacedbythepoor.C.Sheintroducedlawstohelpworkers,women,andchildren.D.ShehelpedthosewhohadcometoAmericafromothercountries.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.TheyareavailableindifferentlanguagesexceptRussian.B.Theyarearangeofusefuldesktoppublishingpackages.C.Theyarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthecollege.D.Theycanhelpthestudentswiththeirlanguagelearning.15.A.Consulthimfrequently.B.Usethecomputerregularly.C.Occupythecomputerearly.D.Printessayspatiently.16.A.Micro-computerlabservice.B.Facilitiesofacollege.C.Theuseofmicro-computers.D.Theoperatingofprinters.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Heisthejournalistofalocalnewspaper.B.Heisahugefanofinternationalstories.C.HeisanexperiencededitorofaTVprogram.D.Heisanadvocateforenvironmentalprotection.18.A.Currenttrendsineconomicdevelopment.B.Domesticissuesofgeneralsocialconcern.C.Internationalrelationsandforeignpolicies.D.Conflictsamongdifferentpoliticalparties.19.A.Basedonwhatthepublicwantstoknow.B.Byinterviewingpeoplewhohavestories.C.Byanalyzingthecurrentsocialproblems.第2页/共17页D.Basedonpublicexpectationsandeditors’judgment.20.A.First-handstories.B.Practicalexperience.C.Audience’sfeedback.D.Educationalbackground.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheGrasshopperinVanGoghPaintingArtconservators(管理员)dreamoffinding(21)_______(hide)secretsinthemasterpiecestheylookafter.Rarelydotheyexpecttofindadeadgrasshopper.ConservatorsattheNelson-AtkinsmuseumofartinKansasCitysaidtheydiscoveredthedeadinsectinoneofitsstarpaintings,VincentvanGogh’sOliveTrees,whenit(22)_______(scan)aspartoftheresearchforacatalogueofitsFrenchpaintingcollection.ItwasspottedbyMarySchafer.Shetoldalocalbroadcasterthatshefounditinthework’slowerforeground.“(23)_______(look)atthepaintingwiththemicroscope，Icameacrossthetinybodyofagrasshoppercoveredinthepaint,soit(24)_______haveoccurredinthewetpaintbackin1889.“WecanconnectittoVanGoghpaintingoutside,sowethinkofhimbattlingtheelements,dealingwiththewind,thebugs,andthenhe’sgottowalkbacktohisstudiothroughthefields.What’sfunisthatwecancomeupwithallthesestoriesfor(25)_______theinsectlandedinthepaint.”Schafersaidtheywerecurioustoknowifthegrasshoppercouldbestudied(26)_______(far)topossiblyidentifywhichseasonVanGoghpaintedOliveTrees.MichaelEngel,aprofessorattheUniversityofKansas,wasapproached(27)_______(examine)thegrasshopperfurther.Hediscoveredthatpartoftheinsect’sbodywasmissingandtherewasnosignofmovementinthesurroundingpaint.Inotherwords,itwasalreadydead(28)_______itsomehowlandedontheartist’swetcanvasandcouldnotbeusedfordatingpurposes.VanGoghpaintedOliveTreesin1889,theyearafterhisfallingoutwithhisfriendGauguin,(29)_______mayhaveledtohisfamousactofself-mutilationinthehistoryofart:cuttingoffhisownear.Thegrasshoppermaynothelpinanyarthistoricalresearchbutithasbecomeatalkingpointformuseumvisitors,lookingcloselyintothepaintingtosee(30)_______theycanspotthedeadinsect.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.第3页/共17页Expertsagreethatitisbecomingagrowingtrendthatmoreandmoreconsumersacrossthecountryareusingcashlesspaymentmethods.Infact,asearlyas1988,theStateCouncilreleased__(31)__toencouragebanktransfersandtoreduceusingcashduringeconomicactivities.Today,themovetowardacashlesssocietycould“reducetherisksofusingcash,saveoncostsandasamatterofconvenience,prevent__(32)__activitiessuchasmoneylaundering(洗钱),”DongXimiao,aresearchfellowatChongyangInstituteforFinancialStudiesattheRenminUniversityofChina,toldtheGlobalTimes.ButChinaisnotthefirstcountrytoseekacashlesssociety.DevelopedstateslikeSweden,DenmarkandSingaporearealso__(33)__theincreaseofcashlesspayment.Therapiddevelopmentofcashlesspaymentsdoesnotmeantherearenochallengesand__(34)__.Alibaba’sHemastore,wherecustomerscanshop,dineandordergoodsfordeliveryfromtheirmobilephones,havecomeintothespotlightrecently.Mediareportssaidthatconsumerscan’tpurchasegoodswithcashthere,whichwouldbeconsideredillegal.AHemaPRrepresentativetoldtheGlobalTimesthatall13Hemastoresinthecountrydoinfactallowconsumerstopayincash.ShenotedthatHemastoresimply__(35)__consumerstopayviaAlipayforconveniencepurposes.AlipayandWeChatPay,thenation’stwomajorthird-partymobilepaymenttools,also__(36)__campaignsthismonthtoencouragemoremerchantsandcustomerstousecashlesspaymentmethods.Bothcalledfortheestablishmentofa“cashlesssociety”,whichcaused__(37)__overwhethercashwillsoondisappear.Dong__(38)__thatacashlesssocietywouldnotmeanthatcashwouldcompletelydisappear.“Astheeconomygrows,the__(39)__ofcashisstillveryhuge,”notedDong.“Also,it’simportanttorememberthatnearlyhalfofChina’spopulationlivesinruralareas,especiallyinundevelopedwesternregions,andthereforeisnotabletoenjoy__(40)__broughtbytheInternet,”Dongsaid.“AndwhenitcomestoChina’sseniorcitizens，mostofthemprefertousecashintheirdailylife,”headded.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Eatingfastfoodmakespeopleimpatientevenwhentheyarenotshortoftime,anewstudyclaims.Studentsinthestudybecame__(41)__evenwhenshownthelogoofburgerchainMcDonald’ssoquicklyonscreenthattheycouldnot__(42)__it.Researcherssaythatdailyexposuretofastfoodbrandscouldhaveasubliminal(潜意识的)effecton__(43)__,makingpeoplehurryregardlessofwhethertheyarepushedfortime.Theyconclude:“Ourexperimentssuggestthatthe__(44)__goalofsavingtimeembeddedinfastfoodmayhavetheunexpectedconsequenceofcausinghurriednessandimpatience.”Thinkingaboutfastfoodincreases__(45)__fortime-savingproducts.“More__(46)__,wefoundthatthemereexposuretofastfoodsymbolsreducedpeople’swillingnesstosaveandledthemtopreferimmediate__(47)__overgreaterfuturereturn,finallyharmingtheireconomicinterest.”Studentvolunteerswerequicklyshownsixlogosfromfast-foodchains—McDonald’s,BurgerKing,KFC,Subway,Wendy’sandTacoBell.Theycouldnotconsciouslyseewhattheywerebutthesubliminaleffectwas__(48)__.Theirreadingspeedwasmeasuredbeforeandafterseeingthelogosanditwassignificantlyfasterafterwards.Participantsalsopreferredtime-savingproductslikethree-in-oneskincaretreatmentsratherthan__(49)__versionsafterseeingthelogos.Whenaskedwhethertheywouldacceptasmallsumofmoneyimmediatelyoralargeramountinaweek’stime,theyagainchose__(50)__rewardafterbeingexposedtothebrands.ResearcherChen-BoZhong,assistantprofessoroforganizationalbehaviouratCanada’sTorontoUniversity,said:“Fastfoodrepresentsacultureoftimeefficiencyandimmediate__(51)__.”Theproblemisthatthegoalofsavingtimegetsactivateduponexposuretofastfood__(52)__whethertimeisarelevantfactorinthecontext.“__(53)__,walkingfasteristime-efficientwhenoneistryingtomakeameeting,butit’sasignofimpatiencewhenoneistakingawalkinthepark.”“We’refindingthatthemereexposuretofastfoodis__(54)__ageneralsenseofhurriednessandimpatience.WhenIsitinafastfoodrestaurant,Ifindmyselfgobbling(狼吞虎咽)myBigMacdownatthisincrediblespeedeventhoughthereisno__(55)__atall.”41.A.hungryB.stressfulC.anxiousD.timid42.A.recognizeB.investigateC.diagnoseD.recall43.A.motivationB.appearanceC.emotionD.behaviour44.A.commonB.unconsciousC.primaryD.temporary45.A.preferencesB.implicationsC.ingredientsD.intentions46.A.naturallyB.strikinglyC.fortunatelyD.personally47.A.gainB.proofC.respondD.attention48.A.concealedB.imposedC.editedD.marked49.A.separateB.specialC.expensiveD.original50.A.potentialB.constantC.intenseD.instant51.A.cultivationB.resistanceC.satisfactionD.awareness52.A.intermsofB.onaccountofC.regardlessofD.withrespectto53.A.InotherwordsB.OnthecontraryC.ForexampleD.Inaddition54.A.promotingB.assumingC.insultingD.assessing55.A.chanceB.senseC.rushD.harmSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)OneofthemostinspiringquotesIeverheardwasbyBrianTracy.Hesaid:“Thedifferencebetweensuccessfulpeopleandunsuccessfulpeopleisthatsuccessfulpeoplefailmanymoretimesthanunsuccessfulpeople.”Ipersonallyexperiencedthewisdomofthatunderstandingrightaftermyfirstbookwaspublished.Likemanyauthors,Iexpectedhundredsofbookstorecustomersliningupformetosigncopiesforthem.I’mafraidtosay,itdidn’tquitehappenlikethat.Myfirstsigningwasarrangedatthelargestbookstoreinthecity.Filledwithanticipation,Iwasputintoaprivatesigningroominthebeautifulstore.Despiteanicesignplacedoutsidetheroomexhibitingimagesofbothmeandmybook,notasinglecustomerenteredtheroom.Aseachminutepassed,Ibecameincreasinglyanxious.Dotheynotlikethetitle?Iwondered.Dotheynotlikethebookcover?After90minutesofthistorture,Iwasabsolutelydistraught.Forthefouryearswritingthebook,Ihadfeltasenseofmissionandpurposelikeneverbeforeinmylife.Workingafull8-hourdayinmyclinic,Ihadtogetintobedby9:30pmeveryday,soIcouldwakeupat5:30inthemorningandhavetwohoursofwritingbeforeheadingintomyclinic.BeforeIeverbeganeachwritingsession,Iwouldclosemyeyesfor10minutesandthenwhisper,“Pleasegrantmethewordstotouchjustoneperson’slife.”Now,sittingtherealoneatmyfirstbooksigning,Iwonderedifmyentirelifewasn’tjustabigjoke.Atthatmoment,justwhenIcouldn’tfeelanyworse,amiddle-agedcouplewalkedintotheroom.Imanagedtohidemyemotionsandintroducedmyselfandmybook.TherewassomethingdifferentaboutthewaytheywerelookingatmethatIcouldn’tquiteidentify.ButIdidn'tknowwhatelsetosay.Thecoupleturnedtoeachother,andthehusbandnoddedtohiswife.Shethentoldme,“Ithinkwe’llgetthebook.”Myheartbegantopound.ButIrealizedthewomanwastryingtosaysomethingelse.“Thereasonwe’rebuyingit,”shesaidhesitantly,“isbecauseoursoncommittedsuicidetwoyearsago.Maybeyourstorywillhelpusgetoverit.”Atthatmoment,IknewifIneversoldanothercopyofthebook,myfouryearsofwritingithadserveditspurpose.AlthoughIwouldhavemanymorechallengingyearsuntilmybookcaughtonandsoldwell,thiscouple’sstorywasallthemotivationIneededatthatpointtokeepmemovingahead.Thankstothem,Iwouldcometotherealizationthatthegreatestoflivesaremadeallinthesameway:Onechallenge...onehurdle...onestep...andonesmallvictoryatatime.56.ThewriterquotesBrianTracytoemphasizetheimportanceof_________.A.conscienceB.successC.confidenceD.perseverance57.Theword“distraught”(paragraph4)probablymeans_____.A.boredandimpatientB.cheerfulandproudC.upsetanddisappointedD.miserableandashamed58.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Thewriterhadtoquithisjobtomaketimeforhiswriting.B.Thewriterwasnotsureaboutthepurposeofhiswritingatfirst.C.Thewritingwascompletedwithgreatself-disciplineandefforts.D.Theprocessofwritingthebookwasfullofpainsandfrustration.59.Bysaying“myfouryearsofwritingithadserveditspurpose”,theauthorprobablymeansthat__________.A.hehadsucceededinsellinghisfirstbooktothecoupleB.hehadmanagedtotouchsomeone’slifewithhisbookC.hewasquitesatisfiedwiththefeedbackofhisreadersD.hehadfoundsomeonewhoappreciatedhiswriting(B)Thetruthofourmoderntimesisthatyouprobablywon’tfindastudentwhodoesnotusemobileapplicationstoday.Everystudentprobablyknowsplentyofapplicationsthatfithisorherneedsmost,buttherearestillsomemobile“helpers”nostudentshouldlivewithout.Raise—Saveyourmoneywithdiscountedgiftcards,especiallywiththeRaisemobileapp.Beforeyoubuyanyback-to-schoolitems,checktheRaiseapptoseeifthereareanydiscountedgiftcardsyoucanbuytomakeyourdollargofarther.Onceyoupurchaseacard,youcaninstantlyuseitonlineorinstoresbyshowingthebarcodeonyourphone—noneedtoworryaboutforgettingyourgiftcardsathome.iStudiezPro—Forcollegestudentswhoareattemptingtosuccessfullymanageafullschedule,iStudiezProcanhelpeaseyourtransitionintocollegecoursesandhelpyouorganizeyourclassscheduleandplanoutyourdays.iStudiezProisthebestappforstudentswhichcombinestrackingschedule,homeworkandgradeswithadelightfuluserexperienc