2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅣ写作指导作业含解析新人教版必修第三册

PAGEUnit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SectionⅣ请同学们仔细完成[练案16]Ⅰ．阅读理解Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample,theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogrammescometousthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometresabovetheequator(赤道)．Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometresanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates(转动)．AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天线)facingtheearth.Sometimes,itmovesawayfromitsorbit,sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!Everyweek,moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.Often,veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。对各种卫星的用途、卫星工作的状态以及人们对已损坏卫星的处理方法进行了说明说明。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage？__D__A．Sendinginformationforweatherforecasts.B．TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C．SendingTVpictures.D．Providingfoodforairplanepilots.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段和第三段首句不难看出，卫星可以传递天气预报信息、拍摄地球照片、传递电视图片等，但是没说为飞行员供应食物，所以选择D项。2．WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates？__B__A．Inordertotakephotographs.B．Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.C．Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.D．Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段内容可以看出，卫星之所以用和地球自转相同的速度绕地球旋转，是为了保持在肯定位置上。明显B项正确。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthe3rdparagraphreferto？__C__A．Asatellite.B．Alittlerocket.C．Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D．Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.解析：代词指代题。this在此替代前文的“Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.”故选C项。4．Whichistrueofsatellites？__A__A．Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.B．Everytimeasatellitegetsbroken,itisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C．Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D．Brokensatellitesoftencrashintoeachother.解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段不难看出A项正确。Ⅱ．七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.__1.B__Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●__2.F__Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown；youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.__3.D__Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有怜悯心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.__4.C__●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.__5.A__Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A．Feelingupsetagain?B．Wheredoyoustart?C．Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.E．Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F．Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G．Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。解析：1．依据题目“AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)”及下文的“Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(这有许多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法)”可知，选项B．Wheredoyoustart?(从哪里起先呢？)最合下文语境，故选B项。2．依据下文“Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown；youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力气？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的)”可知，本段主要讲解并描述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。3．依据本文的中心句“Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(宽恕自己所犯的错误)”及下文的“Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)”可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个一般人，一般人是会犯错的。选项D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.(记住，你只是个人)与上下文连接最好，故选D项。4．依据上文“Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你全部的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今日你摆脱了逆境。)”可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。5．结合上文“Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.(用语言来说明为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话)”和下文的“Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日记本上登记你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)”可推知本句是在说明“再次感到不安”的状况。选项A．Feelingupsetagain？(再次感觉不安了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。Ⅱ．完形填空MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.Leftwithalockanda__1.D__heart,Idecidedtoleavethethiefanote.Armedwithyellowpaint,I__2.C__abigcardboardsignandhungitonmygate.Itsaid：“Tothepersonwhostolemybicycle：IhopeyouneeditmorethanIdo.Ineedittogettowork.Ican’t__3.D__anotherone.PS:Bringitback.”Ifeltalittle__4.C__writingthesign.ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood,andtheleastIcoulddowas__5.A__whathadhappened.Ileftitupforsevendays.OnWednesdayevening,ayoungmanknockedatmydoor,carryinga__6.A__.“Didyougetyourbikestolen？”askedtheguy.“Ihadthisbike__7.C__around,soIfiguredyoumightbeabletouseit.”Iwassurprisedbythe__8.D__andtriedtoexplainmyintentions,sayingIreallyappreciatedit,__9.A__wasn’tsureifI’dbeabletouseit.Whatwasclear,however,wasthatitwasn’taboutthebicycle,itwasaboutthedesireto__10.C__.FinallyIaccepted,verytouchedbythekindness.Asnowstormcamethenextday,andmyhusbandsuggestedItakedownthesign.I__11.A__—mybikewasstolenontheweekend,sothesignwouldstayupuntilthenextweekend.OnSaturdaymorning,Igotanother__12.A__onthedoor.Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.Shesaidshedrovetwicearoundtheblocksoshecould__13.B__readmysign.“Whatkindofbicycledoyouneed？”sheasked.“IfIfindone,I’llbringittoyou.”Thenshegavemeabighug.Ifeltstrengthened.Thissignwas__14.C__things.Somuchkindnesswaspouringoutfromsuchasimplegestureof__15.D__myselfuptotheuniverse.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。自行车被偷后，“我”在大门口挂了个警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，“我”却收到了生疏人的善意和帮助。1．A．warm B．softC．big D．heavy解析：由本段第一句“MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.”以及“Leftwithalock”可知，“我”很“难受(aheavyheart)”。2．A．read B．followedC．made D．saw解析：由本句中的“Armedwithyellowpaint”以及下文中的“writingthesign”可知，“我”“制作了(made)”一个牌子。3．A．lose B．lendC．choose D．afford解析：由“Ineedittogettowork.”以及“Bringitback.”可知，“我”“买不起(can’tafford)”另一辆自行车。4．A．wrong B．happyC．foolish D．dangerous解析：由“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycles...hadhappened.”可知，“我”觉得写警告牌这个举动有些“愚蠢(foolish)”。5．A．say B．knowC．ignore D．realize解析：由本句中的“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood”可知，“我”情愿将所发生的事“说出来(say)”。6．A．bike B．signC．board D．gun解析：由下文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit.”可知，他扛着一辆“自行车(bike)”。7．A．traveling B．turningC．lying D．playing解析：由本句中的“Ifiguredyoumightbeabletouseit”可知，“我”这辆自行车“闲置着(lyingaround)”。8．A．answer B．adviceC．promise D．offer解析：由上文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit”可知，他的“帮助(offer)”使“我”惊异。9．A．but B．orC．and D．so解析：前后句之间表示转折关系，故用“but”。10．A．return B．comeC．help D．pay解析：由下文中的“Iaccepted...thekindness”可知，“我”变更办法不是因为这辆自行车，而是因为他很想“帮助(help)”“我”。11．A．refused B．obeyedC．agreed D．doubted解析：由“Asnowstormcamethenextday”以及“mybikewasstolen...thenextweekend”可知，“我”的丈夫建议“我”把警告牌拿下来，“我”“拒绝了(refused)”。12．A．knock B．pullC．gift D．poster解析：由“Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.”可知，此处表示“又有人敲门(anotherknockonthedoor)”。13．A．hardly B．fullyC．easily D．silently解析：由语境可知，她围着街区开了两圈的目的是能够“完全(fully)”读懂警告牌。14．A．providing B．showingC．changing D．running解析：“我”在大门口挂警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，却收到了生疏人的善意和帮助，故这个警告牌在“变更着(changing)”一些事。15．A．holding B．pickingC．giving D．opening解析：结合整篇文章以及其次段中警告牌的内容，此处表示“我”只是“将心中所想说出来(openingmyselfup)”，却收到如此多的善意。Ⅳ．语法填空依据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wearecurrentlylivinginaworld__1.where__rapidadvancesinmedicineandtechnologyinfluenceourliveson__2.a__regularbasis.Onetechnology，whichinrecentyears__3.hasdeveloped/hasbeendeveloping__(develop)veryquickly，iscloning.Clonesrefertoanimalsorplantsthatareproducedtobeexact__4.copies__(copy)ofoneanother.Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways，andtheyhavebecome__5.valuable__(value)inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.Mostareproducedinthelaboratory，withsomeofthem__6.occurring__(occur)inseveralspeciesinanaturalway.Areportin2024hadpicturesofMacaquemonkeysthathadbeenclonedsuccessfully.Sincetheyareprimates(灵长目动物)likeus，itgetsustocomeeven__7.closer__(close)tofindtherightproceduresofthecloningofhumans.Thiscomestothequestionwhywewouldneedorwanttodothis.Woulditbe__8.in__thebestinterestofhumankindtodevelopthistechnology？Besides，themoralquestionsthatwillberaised__9.are__(be)unbelievable，andwoulditbeanaccomplishmentthatcouldbenefithumankindenough__10.tobalance__(balance)theilleffectsthatitmightproduce?文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍飞速发展的医学和技术常常影响着我们的生活，其中一种技术就是克隆，本文介绍了克隆的概念、现状以及存在的一些问题。解析：1．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以发觉，空前是主句，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用where。2．考查冠词。onaregularbasis“定期地，常常地”，故填不定冠词a。3．考查动词时态。依据时间状语“inrecentyears”可知，develop的动作从过去起先持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，故应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故用hasdeveloped或hasbeendeveloping。4．考查名词复数。copy在此表示“复制品”，是可数名词。依据后面的oneanother“彼此，相互”可知，此处copy不止一个，故用copy的复数形式。5．考查形容词。依据语境和系动词后跟形容词的用法可知，此处用value的形容词形式valuable“宝贵的，很重要的，有用的。”6．考查非谓语动词。逗号前是完整的一个句子，逗号后是“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，因为occur是不及物动词，且occur与其主语在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。留意：occur的现在分词形式是先双写r再加-ing。7．考查副词的比较级。依据句意和空前的even可知，空处应用副词的比较级closer。8．考查介词。inthebestinterestof...意思是“对……最有利”，是固定搭配。9．考查时态和主谓一样。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时；由句子主语moralquestions为复数可知，谓语动词应用are。10