2025版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境1不同民族文化习俗与传统节日教师用书教案

PAGE主题群三历史、社会与文化主题语境(一)不同民族文化习俗与传统节日阅读理解A(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ·C)Inthemid­1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24­year­oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell­roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了TomBissell写的一本关于咸海和他旅行经验的书。它是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速视察。这篇文章引导学生运用辩证思维观赏外国历史、传统与文化，开阔视野。1．WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A．Hisfriends'invitation.B．Hisinterestinthecountry.C．Hisloveforteaching.D．Hisdesiretoregainhealth.B[细微环节理解题。依据第一段的最终一句“Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.”可知，几年后，他仍旧被这个国家所吸引，回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消逝的文章。所以是Bissell先生对乌兹别克斯坦的爱好促使他回到这个国家，故选B项。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B．TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C．WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D．WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.D[代词指代题。依据第一段的最终一句“Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.(几年后，他仍旧被这个国家所吸引，回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消逝的文章)”以及其次段的第一句“Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.(然而，他的访问最终涉及的远不止于此)”可知，此处that指“写一篇有关咸海消逝的文章”这件事。]3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A．Romantic. B．Eventful.C．Pleasant. D．Dangerous.B[推理推断题。依据第三段的内容可知，在乌兹别克斯坦旅行期间，他既观赏了当地的建筑奇观，也亲身经验了在他涉嫌毒品交易时警方实行的方法，还参与过特殊的葬礼，遇到过沙尘暴、疾病、渔船被困在海里等，这说明TomBissell的乌兹别克斯坦之行是“充溢(好玩、重要)事务的”(eventful)，故选B项。]4．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook.B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter.D．Torecommendatraveldestination.A[写作意图题。文章第一段提到，TomBissell在几年之后回到乌兹别克斯坦，想写一篇关于咸海消逝的文章，结果写成了一本书。接下来其次、三段具体介绍了书中的内容，最终一段是对这本书的总体评价。由此可知，文章的写作目的是介绍一本书，故选A项。]B(2024·全国卷Ⅲ·C)Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.It'scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit'smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn'ttasteofanythingspecial,it'sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple­themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果园).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。5．Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A．Attendexperts'lectures.B．Visitfruit­lovingfamilies.C．Plantfruittreesinanorchard.D．Tastemanykindsofapples.D[细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.”可知，参与苹果节可以看到并常常品尝到各种各样的苹果，故选D。]6．WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A．Itisanewvariety.B．Ithasastrangelook.C．Itisrarelyseennow.D．Ithasaspecialtaste.C[推理推断题。依据其次段中的“...itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDecio...ismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.”可知，见到它很开阔眼界并且可以与稀奇的Cat'sHead这一品种类比，由此推断Decio特别稀有。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A．Apracticalidea. B．Avainhope.C．Abrilliantplan. D．Aselfishdesire.B[词义揣测题。依据本段中的“OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit...”可知，尽管OrleansReinette是很好的品种，但是对各项条件的要求很高，因此大多数宠爱它的人种植它的希望会落空。]8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhowtogrowapples.B．Tointroduceanapplefestival.C．Tohelppeopleselectapples.D．Topromoteappleresearch.B[写作意图题。依据文章第一段中的“Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.”和其次段中的“Visitinganappleevent...”以及后文介绍节日上的各类苹果可知，作者在介绍苹果节，故选B。]阅读七选五(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.1Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.2Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn'taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.3Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.4Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.5Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon'tusefirestokeepwarm.A．Thisisn'tusualthough.B．Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C．Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D．Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E．Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F．Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G．Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。1．E[本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.”和空后一句“Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.”可知，空处讲的应是乔迁聚会给人们带来的好处，因此E项符合语境。]2．B[本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“agoodhousewarminggift...oraplant”可知，本段主要讲的是带礼物参与乔迁聚会是一个传统，B项符合语境。]3．C[本空是过渡句。依据空后一句“Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.”可知，空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人共享，故C项符合语境。]4．A[本空是段尾句。依据空前一句可知，在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见，所以A项符合语境。]5．G[本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift”和空后一句“Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon'tusefirestokeepwarm.”可知，空处应与取暖相关，故G项符合语境。]语法填空(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearisa1.________(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers2.________(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth3.________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry：Oranges:Orangetreesaremore4.________decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes5.________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.6.________(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated7.________health,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy8.________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The9.________(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink­coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare10.________firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(溶化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美妙寓意。1．celebration[考查词性转换(动词变名词)。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。]2．carries[考查时态和主谓一样。在why引导的表语从句中，动名词短语decorating...flowers作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且此处讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时，所以填carries。]3．coming[考查非谓语动词。theearth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填coming。]4．than[考查固定搭配。morethan为固定搭配，在这里表示“不仅仅”，所以填than。]5．decorated[考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orangetrees，和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的­ed形式作宾语补足语，所以填decorated。]6．Certainly[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。此处修饰整个句子，且位于句首，所以填Certainly。]7．with[考查固定搭配。beassociatedwith...是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”。]8．tocare[考查非谓语动词。此处考查“be＋adj.＋todo”结构。留意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。]9．beautiful[考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches，所以填beautiful。]10．the[考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。]Ⅰ.写出所给单词的汉语意思1．suspectv.怀疑2．skillfullyadv.技术娴熟地_3．insightn.洞察力；顿悟4．well­roundedadj.丰满的；四平八稳的5．decidedlyadv.确定；确定6．reportagen.报道7．vividadj.生动形象的8．romanticadj.浪漫的9．eventfuladj.充溢大事的；多变故的10．specificadj.特定的11．shelteredadj.免遭恶劣天气影响的12．statelyadj.正式的；庄重的13．vainadj.徒劳的14．registryn.登记处；档案室15．unpackv.打开；开箱16．significancen.重大意义；重要性17．wealthn.财宝18．abundancen.大量19．renewaln.更新Ⅱ.依据所给汉语写出英文单词1．destroyv.摧毁；毁坏2．diseasen.疾病3．specialadj.特殊的4．selfishadj.自私的5．hopefullyadv.大有希望地6．registerv.登记；注册7．representv.代表8．symboln.象征；符号Ⅲ.依据所给提示写出派生单词1．disappearv.消逝→disappearancen.消逝2．colorn.颜色→colorful_adj.多彩的3．friendlyadj.友好的→friendlinessn.友好4．warmadj.暖和的→warmthn.暖和5．sadadj.难受的；难受的→saddenv.使难受；使难受6．judgev.推断→judgmentn.推断7．dangern.危急→dangerousadj.危急的8．decoratev.装饰→decorationn.装饰Ⅳ.依据所给汉语写出惯用习语1．lose_one's_mind精神错乱2．end_up结束3．pick_up无意中学会4．take_advantage_of利用5．be_associated_with与……有关联[即时演练]单句语法填空1．Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases(disease)．2．Healthisfrequentlythoughttobeassociatedwithabalanceddietandplentyofexercise.3．Allofasudden,myheartwasfilledwithwarmth(warm)．4．Abigfirebrokeoutlastnightandallthehousestherewere_destroyed(destroy)inthefire.5．Weweregoingtoseeafilm,butendedupchattingallday.6．Ican'tadviseyouwhattodo;youmustuseyourownjudgment(judge)．7．I'dliketotakeadvantageof_thisopportunitytoexpressmythanksforyourhelp.Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1．Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.环境2．Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.迹象；征兆Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1．ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.[译文]苹果节是在10月21日实行，但由于它已被大众所宠爱，现在，10月份的大部分时间里英国各地都会举办相关活动。2．Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.[译文]买房或乔迁新居的人就是举办这次聚会的人。Ⅲ.困难晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1．Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.[分析]本句中含有两个非限制性定语从句，第一个定语从句的先行词是thisbook，ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia是thisbook的同位语，which引导定语从句并在句中作主语；其次个定语从句的先行词是Karakalpakstan，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导该定语从句。[译文]因此有了这本书，《追逐大海：迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵之中》，它讲解并描述了一次从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的马路之旅，在那里，由于海水的缓慢干枯，数百万人的生命被毁。2．Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句。Astheauthorexplains是as引导的非限制定语从句，as意为“正如”，neither...nor...连接了两个并列的成分atravel(book)和ahistorybook。[译文]正如作者所说明的那样，这既不是一本关于旅行的书，也不是一本历史书，甚至都不算是一篇报告文学。3．TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干为itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence，句中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语；该句前面Topeople是介词短语作状语，而people后为who引导的定语从句；该句后面为suchas短语，用于举例，其中包含一个which引导的定语从句。[译文]对于那些习惯于在超市里选择如金冠和皇家嘎啦等有限品种苹果的人来说，可以目睹现存的一些很经典的苹果种类，如由罗马人培育的Decio，会令他们大开眼界。4．Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple­themedfunandgames.[分析]本句是一个并列复合句。其次个逗号后的and连接两个并列分句，前面的分句中whichoneswillbestsuityourconditions为宾语从句作动词discuss的宾语，后面的分句中包含一个because引导的缘由状语从句。[译文]在活动现场，你会遇到苹果种植专家，并且可以与他们探讨哪些树种最适合你所在的环境，此外由于这些是家庭活动，以苹果为主题的乐趣和嬉戏会让孩子们得到满意。1．wondern.奇迹，奇观，惊异v.想知道，对……感到惊异，对……感到怀疑(1)It'snowonderthat...……不足为奇，难怪It'sawonder(that)...令人惊异的是……inwonder惊异地work/dowonders创建奇迹(2)wonderat对……感到惊异wonderif/whether/how/wh­从句想知道……(3)wonderfuladj.奇异的thewondersofmoderntechnology现代技术的奇迹wonderaboutthebestplaceforaholiday考虑最佳的度假地haveawonderfulandunforgettabletrip有一个奇异、难忘的旅行[基础练习]——单句语法填空①WhatwewonderedatwasthatTomshoulddosowellinthetest.②Campingisagoodwaytospendtimewithyourkidstoshowthemhowwonderful(wonder)natureis.③Itisnowonderyou'retired;you'vebeenwalkingforhours.[实力提升]——词汇升级一般表达：Iwanttoknowifyoucouldtellmemoreaboutthisactivity.高级表达：Iam_wonderingifyoucouldtellmemoreaboutthisactivity.2．attendv．参与；出席；照料(1)attendameeting/lecture出席会议/听演讲attendawedding/funeral参与婚礼/葬礼attendschool/church上学/去教堂(2)attendto照料；处理；用心于；接待；倾听attendupon/on服侍；照料lookforwardtoattendingthefootballclub期盼着加入足球俱乐部haveanurgentthingtoattendto有一件急事要处理attendonhersickmother­in­lawforoverthirtyyears她服侍生病的婆婆三十多年[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Therewerelotsofpeopleattending(attend)theparty,someofwhomIhadn'tseenbefore.②Thereweresomanycustomersthattheshopassistantscouldn'tattendtothemall.③ThistimethedayaftertomorrowIwillbe_attending(attend)ameeting.[实力提升]——完成句子她是我们村第一个上高校的女孩子，这使她父母特别骄傲。Sheisthe_first_girl_to_attend_collegeinourvillage,whichmakesherparentsveryproud.3．worthadj.值……钱；值得……的n.价值；作用(1)beworth＋money/price值……钱/价格be(well)worthdoing...……(特别)值得被做(主动形式表示被动意义)(2)worthyadj.值得的beworthyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofbeingdone值得做,tobedone值得做,of＋n.应得某事物))(3)worthwhileadj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的It'sworthwhileeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todo,doing))做……是值得的bewellworthreadingasecondtime特别值得再读一遍beworthtimeandenergy值得花时间和精力besoldatpricesfarbelowtheirtrueworth以远低于实际价值的价格出售[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Hissuggestionputforwardattheconferenceisworthyto_be_considered(consider).②Itisworthwhileimproving/to_improve(improve)workingconditionsfortheworkers.③Hisfirstbookisofgreatuseforourcourse.Buthislatestoneiswellworthreading(read)．[实力提升]——一句多译这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。①Thereferencebookis_worth_buying,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worth)②Thereferencebookis_worthy_to_be_bought/of_being_bought,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worthy)③It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buythereferencebook,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worthwhile)4．suitvt.适合，使适应vi.合适；相称n.一套衣服；套装(1)suitsb.(fine)(很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适suit...to...使……适合/适应……suitoneself随自己的意愿(2)suitableadj.适当的；相配的besuitablefor适合besuitabletodosth.适合做某事makeasuitabletimetable制定一个合适的时辰表besuitableforvoluntarywork适合做志愿者工作besuitabletouseinveryhotweather适合在燥热的天气里运用[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Agoodspeakerisalwaystryingtosuithisspeechtohisaudience.②Sixmonthspassedby,andstillshehadnotfoundasuitable(suit)job.③Thebluedresssuitsyouwell(good),andyoulookextremelybeautifulinit.[实力提升]——一句多译他适合做这项工作，因为他特别细心。①Thejobsuits_him_wellbecauseheisverycareful.(suit)②Heis_suitable_to_do_the_job/for_the_jobbecauseheisverycareful.(suitable)5．caterfor满意……的要求；顾及；为……供应所需caterforsb.为某人供应服务，满意某人的须要caterforaparty/wedding/meeting为聚会/婚礼/会议筹办酒席/供应服务caterto迎合，投合caterfortheneedsofchildren满意孩子们的需求catertodifferentcustomers'needs迎合不同顾客的需求aimtocaterforchildrenofallabilities旨在满意各种实力的孩子[名师点津]cater表示为婚礼、宴会等筹办酒席时与for连用；而表示“迎合，满意”时可与for或to连用。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whoissupposedtocaterforyourdaughter'sweddingnextweek?②Wehavemanymodernfitnessfacilitiescateringto/forthedifferentneedsofourguests.③Thecompanyhasdevelopedtocaterfor/totheneedsofdifferentcustomers.[实力提升]——完成句子很多年轻人在五一结婚，因此很多酒店在忙着承办婚礼和宴会酒席。ManyyoungpeoplegetmarriedonMay1st,somanyhotelsare_busy_catering_for_weddings_and_parties.6．congratulatev.庆贺；庆幸(1)congratulatev.庆贺；庆幸congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人庆贺congratulateoneselfonsth.为某事庆幸/感到骄傲(2)congratulationn．庆贺；贺词(常用复数)offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.(onsth.)(为某事)向某人表示庆贺express/acceptone'scongratulations表达/接受某人的庆贺congratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob为你自己精彩的工作感到骄傲offerourcongratulationstohimonhissuccessinbusiness我们庆贺他生意兴隆offermycongratulationsonyourreceivingthefirstprize我庆贺你获得头等奖[名师点津]congratulate指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“庆贺，庆贺”，其宾语是人，常与介词on搭配；celebrate指对某一节日、生日、成功和成功等的“庆祝”，其宾语是物。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Imustcongratulateyouon/uponyoursuccessfuldesignofthenewbridge.②Weofferedhimourcongratulations(congratulate)onhisprogressinstudy.③Pleasegivehimmycongratulations(congratulation)whenyouseehim.[实力提升]——一句多译首先，我庆贺你通过了高考。①Firstly,I'dliketooffer/send_my_congratulations_to_you_onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)②Firstly,I'dliketocongratulate_you_onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulate)7．markv.标记(着)；标明；做记号；打分数，批改n．分数；记号；标记；痕迹[一词多义]——写出下列句中mark的含义①Shemadeamarkonthemaptoshowwhereherhousewas.记号②Ican'tbelievethathegotfullmarksinhismidtermexam.分数③The3Dfilmmarksamajoradvanceincinematictechniques.标记(着)④Ourteachershavegotalotofexampaperstomarkattheendoftheterm.批改(1)mark...with...用……做标记mark...on...在……上标出……bemarkedwith标记着……markout划出(界线、范围)(2)makeamark做标记getalow/high/fullmark得低分/高分/满分markaturningpointinhiscareer标记着他职业的转折点makeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions在你有问题的地方做个记号bemarkedwiththenameandtheclass标注了姓名和班级[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Hedrewoutapileofpapersmarkedwithnameanddatewhichcoulddatefrom20yearsago.②Asaresultofhishardwork,hegotfullmarks(mark)intheEnglishcontestyesterday.③Onmanytrainsandbuses,therearesomespecialseatsmarked(mark)outforseniorcitizens.[实力提升]——一句多译我给他一份礼物，这标记着我们之间深厚的友情。①Igavehimagift,which_marked_the_deep_friendshipbetweenus.(定语从句)②Igavehimagift,marking_the_deep_friendshipbetweenus.(分词短语作定语)8．fortunen.运气；命运；财宝(1)tryone'sfortune碰运气bringgoodfortune带来好运makeafortune发财(2)fortunateadj.运气好的；幸运的fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；缺憾地misfortunen.厄运[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Itissaidthattheoldmanmadeafortuneabroadbycollectingoldthings.②Iwasfortunate(fortune)tocatchtoday'slastbusatthelastminute.③Duetohismisfortune(fortune)，hehurthislegonhiswayhome.[实力提升]——完成句子在中国，给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红色信封里，以祈求在新的一年带来好运。InChina,childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelopetobring_good_fortune_intheNewYear.1．Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.参与苹果节是一个好机会，可以看到并且常常品尝到各种各样的苹果。[句型公式]Visitinganappleevent是动词­ing形式作主语。(1)动词­ing形式作主语通常表示常常性或习惯性的动作或行为；而不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为。(2)动词­ing形式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。(3)有时可用it作形式主语，而将作真正主语的动词­ing形式置于句末。(4)可以用名词全部格或形容词性物主代词作逻辑主语。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Reading(read)Englishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.②Itisnousetalkingtohim—hewon'tlisten.③His(he)beinglatemadeourteacherveryangry.④Listeningtoloudmusichas(have)abadeffectonourhearing.[实力提升]——完成句子驾驭一门外语对我们的生活特别有帮助。Mastering_a_foreign_languageisofgreathelptoourlife.2．Theyareeasytocareforandmakegreatpresents.它们很简单照料，而且能作为很棒的礼物。[句型公式]Theyareeasytocarefor是“主语＋be＋adj.＋todo”结构，其中不定式主动表示被动。动词不定式主动表被动的状况：(1)在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋不定式”和“主语＋动词＋宾语＋形容词＋不定式”结构中。常见形容词：difficult,easy,comfortable,convenient,hard,cheap,expensive等。(2)不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又与句子中另一名词或代词有主谓关系。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Themachineisveryeasyto_operate(operate),andanybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.②Ihavealotofworkto_do(do)togetreadyfortomorrow,soIcan'tgotothecinemawithyou.③Themainprobleminmystudyisthatwordsaredifficultto_memorize(memorize)．[实力提升]——一句多译我热心随和，很简单相处。①Iamwarm­heartedandeasygoingandIameasy_to_get_along_with.②Iamwarm­heartedandeasygoinganditiseasy_to_get_along_with_me.夯基固本·学问落实Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．Thisbookwassowellworthreading(read)thatIboughtitwithouthesitation.2．Firstly,IadviseyoutolearnthehistoryoftheTangDynasty,whichmaybeeasierto_understand(understand)．3．Asforme,reading(read)agoodbookisjustliketalkingwithalearnedperson.4．Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitable(suit)forthelong­staystudents.5．Itwillbe_marked(mark)withagreenchecksymbol.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Iwonderif/whetheryoucangivemesomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.2．Toexpressmycongratulations，Isenthimane­mail.3．Hehasbeenwaitingforachancetomakeafortuneovernight.4．Educationalreformsarecalledforinordertocaterfor/totherapidlychangingworld.5．It'ssonoisyoutside，soIcan'tattendtomywork.强技提能·学问应用Ⅰ.阅读七选五Waystosay“Happybirthdaytome”Tomorrowismybirthday，andI'matanagewhennoteveryonelooksforwardtocakesandpresents.1Italwaysmakesmefeelexcitedtobealiveandgratefulformylifeandmyfamily.SoIthinkevenifyourbirthdayisaregularolddayatworkorhome，therearesomeeasywaystoraiseittothespecialoccasion.Giveagifttosomeoneelse.2Whileeveryonelovestoopenabirthdaypresent，thereisalotofjoyandgoodnesstobegainedfrombeinggenerouswithothers.Makingabirthdaydonationtoacharitymeanssomethingtoyou.3Trysomethingnew.Todayisnewtous.Whynotenjoythenewnessofthemoment?Dipyourtonesintosomenewwaters，signupforanadulteducationclass，goforanew­to­youparkorplananewtrip.45Whetherornotyouhavetheopportunitytoshareameal，outingorpartywithfriendsandfamily，pleasetaketimeonyourbirthdaytoconnectwithpeoplewhoareimportanttoyourlife，ifyouusesocialmedialikephones，youarelikelyfilledwithwell­wishesfromlovedones.Usetheseasajumpingoffpointtostartnewconversationsandreconnectwithpeoplewholiftyourspiritsandsupportinyourjourneytowardsbeingyourbestself.A．Ilovemybirthday，though.B．It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.C．Connectwithpeoplewhomattertoyou.D．ThisyearmybirthdayisonaSaturday.E．Freshenupyourselfwithcountlessopportunities.F．Onechoiceistodonateadollaramounttomatchyourage.G．Downloadinganapptolearnanewlanguageisalsoagoodchoice.【语篇解读】本文属于生活哲理性文章。通过描述对生日的酷爱，表明自己可以通过过生日来感谢家人，也可以与挚友联系，与挚友、家人一起吃饭、郊游或聚会，可通过社交媒体收到亲人的祝愿。这样可提升你的精神，让你的人生旅途更美妙。1．A[依据第一段“Tomorrowismybirthday，andI'matanagewhennoteveryonelooksforwardtocakesandpresents.”作者过生日已不是想吃生日蛋糕和期盼礼物的年纪了，和后句“Italwaysmakesmefeelexcitedtobealiveandgratefulformylifeandmyfamily.”生日总是让我能够感到兴奋，感谢我的生活和我的家人。由此可推断虽然生日不是期盼礼物，但我还是宠爱它。]2．B[本段主要讲解并描述有关捐赠的。依据前句“Giveagifttosomeoneelse.”送礼物给别人，和后句“Whileeveryonelovestoopenabirthdaypresent，thereisalotofjoyandgoodnesstobegainedfrombeinggenerouswithothers.”分析选项可知应当是给别人礼物会让人心情好。]3．F[依据前句“Makingabirthdaydonationtoacharitymeanssomethingtoyou.”把你生日礼物捐赠给慈善事业有确定的意义(something)。本段主要讲解并描述捐赠的。分析选项F有捐赠东西，故选F。]4．G[本段的主题句是“Trysomethingnew.”后文主要讲解并描述尝试新东西如报名参与成人教化班。分析选项G有尝试新东西如学习一门新的语言，与此相关，故选G。]5．C[本段主要叙述要抽出时间与那些对你很重要的人保持联系。分析选项C句意与本段有复现，如文中有“connectwithpeoplewhoareimportanttoyourlife...”而C项Connectwithpeoplewhomattertoyou.就是对这句话的说明，故选C。]Ⅱ.语法填空(2024·安徽省五校联盟质量检测)DragonHeads­raisingDay，1.________fallseachyearontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth，isoneoftheChinesetraditionalfestivals.Astheproverbgoes,“Thedragonisawake,2.________(raise)itshead.”Onthisday,dragons,aprominenttotem(图腾)inChinesecultureraise3.________(they)headswiththesoundofthunder.Aroundthistime,theearth4.________(burst)withlife.Grassandtreesarebeginningtoshootup.InancientChina,people5.________(pray)besideariveroralakeforthepreciousspringraintobreedtheircrops.6．________(tradition),foodeatenonthisdaywasrenamedafterpartsofthedragon.Forinstance,wontonswerecalled“dragon'seyes”.Thespecial7.________(food)usuallyeatenonthisdayincludedragon'sscales,popcornandpig'sheads.InShanxi,peoplegettheirhair8.________(cut)inasymbolicmovetoremovetheoldandembracethenew.In9.________countrysideinHebei【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有关农历二月初二的中国传统风俗。1．which[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“DragonHeads­raisingDay”，空处在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。]2．raising[考查非谓语动词。该句主语“Thedragon”和动词raise为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处作伴随状语，故用其现在分词形式。]3．their[考