Unit 1 Section A 1a-3c课件2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语

Unit1SectionA1a-3cFreetalkWheredidyougoonvacation?Whodidyougowith?Didyouhaveagoodtime?She

visited

the

USA.She

went

to

New

York

City.Wheredidshegoonvacation?Wheredidtheygoonvacation?They

went

to

the

museum.Wheredidyougoon

vacation?Iwent

to

the

Great

Wall.Groupwork1.stayedathome_____2.wenttoNewYorkCity___3.visitedmyuncle___4.wenttosummercamp____5.wenttothemountains___6.wenttothebeach____7.visitedmuseums___Matchtheactivitieswiththepictures[a-g].1aabcefgdbdcgaef1.Tina2.XiangHua3.Sally4.Bob5.Tom4532Listenandnumberthepeopleinthepicture[1-5].1b11cMakeconversationsaboutthepeopleinthepicture.A:WheredidTinagoonvacation?B:Shewenttothemountains.WheredidTomgoonvacation?Hewenttosummercamp.WheredidSallygoonvacation?Shestayedathome.ShewenttoNewYorkCity.WheredidXiangHuagoonvacation?Wheredidhegoonvacation?Hewenttothebeach.动词过去式动词原形

wentstayedvisiteddidwashadgostayvisitdoishave1.—Wheredidyougoonvacation?

你去哪儿度假了？

—Iwenttothemountains.我去了山区。这是一个特殊疑问句。由“特殊疑问词＋助动词＋主语＋动词原形+其他?”构成。

由于是询问已发生的动作(过去的事情)，所以助动词用过去式did，其后的动词用原形。LanguagePoints►—Wheredidyougoyesterday?

你昨天去了哪儿？—Ivisitedmyfriends.

我去拜访了朋友。

2.Istayedathome.我待在家里。1）stay可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。当它作不及物动词时就不能直接接宾语，其后接相应的介词短语，表地点或表状态。e.g.stayintheoffice继续任职(掌权)

stayawake不睡(醒着)

stayinthearmy留在部队中

stayathome呆在家中►We’restayinginthesamehotel.我们住在同一家旅馆。2)home与house,family的区别

home指“家”这个概念，包括“住处”和“家人”。

house则指“房子”、“住宅”，侧重于建筑结构。family则指“家庭成员”。当family作整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；

看作一个个成员时，谓语动词用复数。►

IwatchedTVathomelastnight.

我昨晚在家里看电视。►Thishouseisverybeautiful.这房子真漂亮。►Myfamily

isasmallbuthappyone.

我家人不多但很幸福。►Myfamily

arewatchingTV.我的家人在看电视。3.She

visited

her

uncle.

①句中visit是及物动词，后直接跟宾语，当其后接表示人的词语时译为“拜访”。当其后接表示地点的名词时，译为“参观”。e.g.visit

the

Summer

Palace—参观颐和园②visit还可以作名词“拜访，参观”，构成短语pay

a

visit

to…/be

on

a

visit

to…译为“访问（某人）”“参观（某地）”

►We

paid

a

visit

to

our

teacher

yesterday.

我们昨天去拜访了我们的老师。Ex:We

are_____avisit_____our

English

teachernow.

A.on；on

B.to；on

C.

to；to

D.on；to

1.Myhostfamilytriedtocook______for

mewhenIstudiedinNewZealand.A.differentsomethingB.differentanythingC.somethingdifferentD.anythingdifferent2.Themanhas______friendsinthiscity,soheoftenstaysathome.A.afewB.fewC.littleD.alittleCBⅠ.单项选择。ExercisesLucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.(改为否定句)Lucy______________________yesterdayevening.Ihadlunchatmyfriend’shome.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)—____you___________atyourfriend’shome?—______,________.didn’tdoherhomeworkDidhavelunchYesIdidⅡ.根据要求改写下列句子。3.JimwenttothebeachlastSunday.(对画线部分提问)__________Jim______lastSunday?4.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(对画线部分提问)_______________theyplaybasketball?5.Thestudentshadgreatfuninthepark.(改为同义句)Thestudents_____________________inthepark.WheredidgoWhendidhadagood/greattime1.你假期去哪儿了？2.—你假期去什么有趣的地方了？

—是的，我跟我家人去了贵州。Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Didyougoanywhereinterestingonvacation?—Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Ⅲ.汉译英。中考链接Hewent_________（野营)withusandtaughtushowtoputupatent.campinggocamping意为“去野营”。Wheredidyougoonvacation?Iwentto...PairworkWheredidyougoonvacation?I...stayedathomewenttoNewYorkCityvisitedmyunclewenttosummercampwenttothemountainswenttothebeachvisitedmuseumsgofishinggotosummercampvisitmuseumsgohikinggotothebeachgosightseeinggotothemountainsVacation

Activities

stayathomeCentralpark

中央公园位于美国纽约中心的曼哈顿地区，是纽约最大的都市公园，四季皆有不同美景，独享纽约“后花园”之美称。它不仅是纽约市民心目中的休闲胜地，也是世界各地游客向往的著名公园。Doyouknow?Listen.Wheredidthepeoplegoonvacation?Completethechart.PeopleplacesGraceKevinJulieNewYorkCitythebeachathome2aListenagain.Check()Yes,IdidorNo,Ididn’tforeachquestion.Didyou…Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Gracegowithanyone?gotoCentralPark?buyanythingspecial?2bDidyou…Yes,IdidNo,Ididn’t.Kevinplayvolleyball?swim?meetanyoneinteresting?Juliedoanythinginteresting?studyfortests?gooutwithanyone?Completethesentencesusingtheinformationin2b.1.Grace_____toNewYorkCitywithhismother.HethoughtCentralPark_____reallynice.Healso______ahatforhisfather.2.Kevin_____tothebeach.He___________volleyballbut______there.Hethoughtthefood__________reallygood.Healso______someveryinterestingpeople.3.Juliedidn'tgooutwithanyone.Hejust______athomeand________forthetest.wentwasboughtwentdidn’tplayswimwas/tastedmetstayedstudiedA:

Grace,wheredidyougoonvacation?B:

IwenttoNewYorkCity.A:

Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?B:

Yes,Iwentwithmymother.Role-playconversationsbetweenGrace,KevinandJulie.2cGrace:

Wheredidyougoonvacation?Julie:

IwenttoHuangshan.Grace:

Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?Julie:

Yes,Iwentwithmyfriends.Wewere

very

happy.GraceJulieListenandanswerthequestions.Q1:WheredidHelengoonvacationlastmonth?Q2:WhatdidHelendothere?ShewenttoGuizhouwithherfamily.ShesawHuangguoshuWaterfallandtookquiteafewphotos.Role-playtheconversation.2dRick:Hi,Helen.Longtimenosee.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.Rick:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?Helen:Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Rick:Wow!DidyouseeHuangguoshuWaterfall?Helen:Yes,Idid.Itwaswonderful!Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Whataboutyou?Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?Rick:Notreally.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.Helenwasonvacationlastmonth.She_______toGuizhouwithherfamilyand____HuangguoshuWaterfall.Itwas__________.Shetook___________photosthere.Rickdidn’tdo_________speciallastmonth.Hejust_________________mostofthetimetoreadandrelax.wentsawwonderfulquiteafewanythingstayedathomeFillintheblanksaccordingtotheconversation.1.—DidyougotoCentralPark?你去中心公园了吗？

—Yes,Idid.是的，去了。这是一个一般疑问句，由助动词提问，回答也用助动词。由于询问的是发生在过去的事，所以助动词用过去式did。一般过去时的一般疑问句的句子结构：Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其它?LanguagePoints回答:Yes,主+did./No,主+didn’t.在过去时态中,无论主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，助动词一律用did。

e.g.—Didyou/he/she/theygototheparklastnight?—Yes,I/he/she/theydid.—No,I/he/she/theydidn’t.2.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?

在英语中，anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。与形容词连用时,形容词必须放在复合不定代词之后，语法上称作“后置”。e.g.somethingimportant——重要的事Icanseesomeonenewinyourgroup.

我看出你们小组里有新人。There’snothinginterestinginthenewstoday.

今天的新闻里没有什么有趣的事。3.Iwasonvacationlastmonth.

beonvacation译为“在度假”，强调状态。而gotovacation,“去度假”，强调动作。我们应该如何区分英语中强调动作和状态的词语：

1）一般来说，单独的动词/短语一般强调动作；而“be+分词/形容词”则只表状态。如marrysb.和getmarriedtosb.表动作，而bemarriedtosb.表状态。2）如果动词是延续性动词，则一般它既可表示

动作，也可以表示状态。

e.g.live/stay/work…3）如果是单独的瞬间性动词，则它只表示动作。

e.g.getup/puton/begin…4.

Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.

此句中quiteafew是一个整体结构，表示“相当多”，修饰可数名词，不能与afew(少数几个)混淆。比较下面例句中quiteafew和afew的区别：e.g.Thereareonlyafewbooksonthetable,butIstillhavequiteafewinthebookcase.虽然桌上只有几本书，但我的书柜里还有很多书。quiteafew相当多的；不少的相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。quitealittle许多的，相当多的相当于much，修饰不可数名词。quiteafew与quitealittle5.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?复合不定代词分为：指物：anything,something,nothing,everything指人：anyone,someone,noone,everyone/anybody,somebody,nobody,everybody“后置”：复合不定代词+adj.e.g.Icanseesomeonenewinyourgroup.复合不定代词adj.+—Wheredidyougoonvacation?—IwenttoNewYorkCity.—Didyougooutwithanyone?—No.Noonewashere.Everyonewas

onvacation.—Did

youbuyanything

special?—Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.—No,Ibought

nothing.SummaryⅠ.写出下列动词的过去时。stay_________do_________stop_________play_________is_________go___________buy_______have_______use_________visit_________are_________study_________stayedplayedwasdidusedboughthadwentvisitedstudiedwerestoppedExercisesⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。1.Hedidn’tfinda________inthebag.

Thebagisempty.

2.Themovieisveryw_________,andIlikeitverymuch.

3.Theywanttogo_______________(某地)warm.It’stoocoldhere.nythingonderfulsomewhereⅢ.按要求完成句子。1.Iwentsomewhereinteresting.（改为否定句）I________________________interesting.2.Sheboughtsomethingforherfather.（改为一般疑问句）_______she___________________forherfather?3.Wefedsomehenslastnight.(对画线部分提问)_______________you________lastnight?4.bought,something,I,special,lastvacation(连词成句)______________________________________________.didn’tgoanywhereDidbuyanythingWhatdiddoIboughtsomethingspeciallastvacationⅣ.翻译句子。1.你假期去哪儿了？2.—你假期去什么有趣的地方了吗？

—是的，我跟我家人去了山西。Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Didyougoanywhereinterestingonvacation?—Yes,IwenttoShanxiwithmyfamily.3.今天的新闻里没有什么有趣的内容。

4.—汤姆假期去哪儿玩了？

—他去爬山了。—WheredidTomgoonvacation?—Hewenttothemountains.There’snothinginterestinginthenewstoday.Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougooutwithanyone?No,noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?No,Iboughtnothing.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocus1.你去了什么地方去度假？

___________yougoon________?2.我去了纽约市。

I_________NewYorkCity.3.你和别的什么人一起去的吗？

____________gooutwith_______?vacationWheredidwenttoDidyouanyone认真读并观察Grammarfocus内容，完成下列句子并试着总结一般过去时态的用法。4.不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。

No._________washere.________wason________.5.你买了什么特别的东西了吗？

_____youbuy_______________?6.是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。

Yes,I________________formyfather.7.不，我没有买什么东西。

No,I________________.NooneEveryonevacationanythingspecialDidboughtsomethingboughtnothing8.吃的怎么样？________thefood?9.所有的东西尝起来都很好。

_________________reallygood.10.每个人都玩得很开心吗？

_____________haveagoodtime?11.哦，是的。一切都很棒。

Oh,yes.____________wasexcellent.HowwasEverythingtastedDideveryoneEverything1.定义:

1)

表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago...)连用；2)也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语(如often,always…)连用。一般过去时有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。a）时间状语

ago（twohoursago）（一段时间+ago）

yesterday（句子开头或结尾）

thedaybeforeyesterday

lastweek,last(year,night,month…)

具体时间（如Jan.4th）justnowattheageof...onedaylongagoonceuponatime（很久以前）thismorninglonglongago

SentencesIdidmyhomework

yesterday.Iplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Icleanedmyroom

lastweek.Iwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriends

lastweekend.I

wenttothemovies

threedaysago.注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,…”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。

e.g.He

was

here

only

a

few

minutes

ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I

came

home

just

now.我刚回到家。

I

got

up

very

early

this

morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He

was

late

for

school

again

today.今天他又迟到了。a）动词变化规则规则变化:1.直接加ed：

work—workedlook—lookedplay—played

2.

以e结尾的单词，直接加d：

live—livedhope—hopeduse——used3.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：

study——studiedcarry——carried

worry——worried

4.以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：

enjoy——enjoyedplay——played

5.以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：

stop——stoppedplan——planned

规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音读音规则读音例词在浊辅音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/在清辅音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在/t/、/d/后面/id/started['sta:tid]am,is—was

are—werego—went

do—didhave—had

come—cametake—took

say—saideat—ate

see—sawget—got

put—putsleep—sleptgive—gavewrite—wroteread—readb）动词不规则变化/red/buy—bought

sit—satrun—ranswim

—swammake—made

feel—felthear—heard

grow—grewtell—told

know—knewfind—foundbegin—beganbring

—broughtstand—stoodspend—spentcatch—caughtteach—taught动词不规则变化基本结构：

be动词的过去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere单数复数Iwas

wewereyouwere

(一個人)

youwere

(不只一人)shewas

theywerehewasitwas肯定句：主语+was

(were)

+其它.

e.g.I

was

late

yesterday.

昨天我迟到了。

否定句：主语+was

(were)

+not+其它.

e.g.We

weren’t

late

yesterday.

我们昨天没迟到。be

动词的一般过去时态构成：疑问句：Was

(Were)

+主语+其它?

e.g.

Were

you

ill

yesterday?

你昨天病了吗？

肯定回答：

Yes,

I

was.

是的，我病了。

否定句：

No,

I

wasn’t.

不，我没病。

特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词+was

(were)

+主语+其它?

e.g.When

were

you

born?

你是什么时候出生的？A:How

yourvacation,Lin?B:It

prettygood.A:How

thebeaches?B:

They

great.A:How

theweather?B:It

hotandwet.A:How

thepeople?B:They

unfriendly.A:How

thestores?B:

They

expensive.waswaswerewerewaswaswerewerewerewerebe—am/is(was)are(were)be填空肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和

does

的过去式

did。

肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.

e.g.I

went

home

at

nine

o’clock

yesterday.

我昨天九点钟回的家。

否定句：主语+didn’t

+动词原形+其它.

e.g.I

didn’t

go

home

yesterday.

我昨天没回家。实义动词的一般过去时态

疑问句：Did

+主语+动词原形+其它？

e.g.

Did

you

go

home

yesterday?

你昨天回家了吗？肯定回答：Yes,

I

did.

是的，我回了。

否定回答：No,

I

didn’t.

不，我没回家。一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式IworkedDidIworkIdidnotworkHe/She/ItworkedDidhe/she/itworkHe/She/ItdidnotworkWeworkedDidweworkWedidnotworkYouworkedDidyouworkYoudidnotworkTheyworkedDidtheyworkTheydidnotwork动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。易记歌谣Lastsummer,I______tothebeachwithmyparents.Myvacation_____prettygood.I____therebybus_____mybustrip______relaxing.Thebeach______verybeautiful.It_______sunny.I_________beachvolleyballand______swimming.Thepeople______friendlyandthefoodwas________.I__________myvacationverymuchandI_________togothereagain.wentwaswentandwaswaswasweredeliciousenjoyedhopeplayedwentWriteaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.某人某事任何人任何事没有人没有东西每人一切someoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything复合不定代词小结：1.some,any,no,every与-one,-thing，-body可以组成复合不定代词，他们分别是：2.复合不定代词用法(1)some系列的不定代词和some一样主要用于肯

定句；any系列的不定代词和any一样主要用于否

定或疑问句。如：

Thereis___________wrongwithmybike.

我的自行车出毛病了。

Ican’tsee_______intheclassroom.

在教室里我没看见任何人。somethinganyone

不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用some系列的词。eg.Wouldyoulike___________todrink?

你想要一些喝的东西吗？在表达“任何”这一含义的肯定句中也要用any系列的词。eg.Ithink__________candoit.我认为任何人都会做。anyonesomething(2)修饰复合不定代词something,anyone等的adj,adv,todo不定式等要放在不定代词的后面。如：Didyoumeet__________________?

你遇见有趣的人了吗？

Ihave________todotoday.

我今天没什么事可做。

There’s__________________inthenewspapertoday.

今天的报纸里有一些重要的内容。anyoneinterestingnothing

somethingimportant(4)no系列的不定代词可与not...any系列的不定代词替换。

eg.

Iboughtnothing.=I______buy___________.

我什么也没买。didn'tanything(3)这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg.Everyone______onvacationlastweekends.

上周末所有的人都在度假。wasLinda:Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so___________wasreallyinteresting.Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anythingeverything3aanyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothingLinda:Didyougowith__________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy__________foryourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee____________Iliked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo________

interesting?Did________inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.__________wasgreat.anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenooneFillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.anythingeveryoneEverything3bWefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas__________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still__________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!MarknothingnooneDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(writetheclassmates’name)Nooneeatanything

atarestaurant?readanythinginteresting?visitanyoneinyourfamily?buyanything?keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurant...3c2.anyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everything，nothing等复合不定代词的用法。Su